Linear power machines and power tools

Abstract

This invention discloses a linear power machine and power tool. The linear power machine mounts the stator component on a first end and a second end, with the mover component guided and supported by the first and second ends. This eliminates the need for additional guide rails or guiding structures to mate with the mover component, simplifying the overall structure, reducing the size chain of the motor, and avoiding damage to the stator and mover components caused by tolerances. The precision requirements of the components themselves are also reduced, which helps to lower manufacturing difficulty and improve motor precision. Under the same volume conditions, this solution provides greater driving force and better performance. Simultaneously, the stator component is partially exposed, allowing for effective heat exchange with the outside air through its exposed areas, thus improving heat dissipation efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electric motors, particularly linear power machines and power tools, and more specifically to electrically driven tools, especially handheld power tools. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, most reciprocating motion in the power tool market is achieved by rotary motors and conversion mechanisms. This has several problems: first, it is bulky; second, it requires more energy to drive the conversion mechanism; and third, it reduces precision and increases cost.

[0003] A linear motor is a transmission device that directly converts electrical energy into linear motion mechanical energy without any intermediate conversion mechanism. Commercially available linear motors employ structures disclosed in applications 201711454263.X and 201820182974.X. These structures are costly, relatively large, and have low power, making them ineffective for power tools with limited installation space, especially handheld ones. Therefore, the development of a compact, economical linear power motor capable of directly driving the tool head is urgently needed in the power tool industry, particularly for various handheld power tools.

[0004] Meanwhile, the mover of a conventional linear motor needs to slide on a certain track or guide structure. The biggest problem with this structure is that the track or guide structure increases the dimensional chain of the overall structure, resulting in higher manufacturing precision requirements. The air between the mover and the stator is easily swallowed by the tolerance, which can easily cause the mover to damage the stator.

[0005] In addition, wear and heat dissipation caused by friction between the mover and the contact surface of the track or guide structure, as well as the dissipation of heat generated by various components of the machine during operation, are also problems faced by various linear motors. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art and to provide a linear power unit that is small in size, has high heat dissipation efficiency and is suitable for handheld power tools, as well as a power tool including the above-mentioned linear power unit.

[0007] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0008] A linear power unit includes a first end and a second end, with a stator component having at least a partially exposed surface disposed between the first end and the second end, and a mover component disposed within the stator component that can reciprocate along a moving channel between the first end and the second end.

[0009] Preferably, in the linear power machine, the moving channel of the first end and / or the second end is a linear hole or groove.

[0010] Preferably, in the linear power unit, the area where the first end and / or the second end connects with the stator component has heat dissipation holes.

[0011] Preferably, in the linear power unit, a heat dissipation channel is provided between the end face of the stator component and the inner end face of the connection area of ​​the first end and / or the second end.

[0012] Preferably, in the linear power machine, the stator component includes a magnetic sleeve, and magnetic teeth and windings located in the insulator are provided inside the magnetic sleeve.

[0013] Preferably, in the linear power machine, the inner wall of the magnetic sleeve is formed with a shallow groove or the magnetic sleeve is formed with a notch, and a lead wire groove is provided at the shallow groove or the notch, with the outer end of the lead wire groove exposed.

[0014] Preferably, in the linear power machine, the magnetic guide teeth are integrally injection molded with the insulator, or glued and fixed, or axially pressed and fixed.

[0015] Preferably, in the linear power machine, the magnetic guide teeth have positioning holes, and the insulator has protrusions corresponding to the positioning holes.

[0016] Preferably, in the linear power machine, the magnetic guide teeth are provided with clearance grooves for wiring, and the end face of the insulator is provided with a wiring groove corresponding to the position of the clearance groove.

[0017] Preferably, in the linear power machine, the moving part is slidably connected and / or rollingly connected to the inner wall of the first end and / or the second end.

[0018] Preferably, in the linear power unit, the moving part is connected to the linear bearing and / or graphite copper sleeve and / or self-lubricating body in the first end and / or the second end.

[0019] Preferably, in the linear power unit, a receiving space is formed at the inner wall of the first end and / or the second end and / or the inner wall of the guide sleeve and / or the outer wall of the moving component, and a lubricating powder is disposed in the receiving space, wherein the particle size of the lubricating powder is larger than the gap between the moving component and the inner wall of the first end and / or the second end and / or the guide sleeve.

[0020] Preferably, in the linear power unit, the moving part has heat dissipation holes.

[0021] Power tools, including any of the linear power machines mentioned above.

[0022] The advantages of the technical solution of this invention are mainly reflected in:

[0023] This design assembles the stator component via its first and second ends, while the mover component is nested within the stator. The mover component is guided and supported by the first and second ends, eliminating the need for additional guide rails or structures. This simplifies the overall structure, significantly reduces the motor's size chain, avoids contact issues between the mover and stator components caused by tolerances, and lowers the precision requirements of the components themselves. This reduces manufacturing difficulty, improves motor accuracy, and fully meets the space requirements of handheld power tools. Within the same volume, this design provides greater driving force and better performance. Furthermore, the area of ​​the stator between the first and second ends is exposed, allowing for effective heat exchange with the outside air and improved cooling efficiency. Additionally, the small contact area between the mover component and the first and second ends effectively reduces friction, significantly minimizing component wear and heat generation, thus reducing the requirements for the cooling structure.

[0024] The first and second ends of this design are sleeve-shaped, allowing the driven component to connect directly to the moving component through straight holes on the ends. Compared to a closed end structure, this simplifies the structure and facilitates coaxial connection between the driven and moving components, reducing the overall installation space required and effectively meeting the needs of handheld power tools. Furthermore, the straight holes on the ends also facilitate airflow between the motor's interior and exterior, improving heat dissipation.

[0025] The first and second ends of this design are equipped with heat dissipation holes, gaps between the stator and mover components, heat dissipation through holes on the mover, and multiple through holes on the lead wire slots, forming a multi-layer heat dissipation structure with the exposed part of the stator component. This provides multiple channels for eliminating the heat generated during motor operation, greatly improving heat dissipation efficiency and effect. The improved heat dissipation efficiency and effect effectively improve the motor power and also help to extend the motor's lifespan.

[0026] The stator components of this design are ingeniously designed, employing an insulator to completely insulate the coils. This allows the use of either self-adhesive enameled wire or ordinary enameled wire, significantly reducing the insulation requirements during winding and eliminating the complex processes of varnishing or glue application required in the market. This effectively reduces winding difficulty, improves winding quality, and is environmentally friendly and reliable. Furthermore, during processing, the windings can be pre-installed on the insulator, and then the insulator is assembled with the magnetic sleeve. This allows for flexible adjustments to different windings to improve electromagnetic effects and meet diverse application requirements. Additionally, the magnetic teeth and insulator utilize various assembly methods for convenient assembly.

[0027] The stator component of this design has a wiring structure. The design of the wiring structure allows for the routing of the beginning and end of the windings, greatly facilitating winding and connection. Secondly, the design of the wiring structure makes the entire stator component more compact, reducing installation space. Furthermore, the wiring structure is embedded in the magnetic sleeve, which ensures the insulation safety of the wiring and avoids damage during installation, thereby improving the safety and stability of the overall structure.

[0028] The mover support in the mover component is made of aluminum or stainless steel, which can effectively reduce the weight of the mover component and thus reduce its self-weight, creating favorable conditions for its application in handheld tools; at the same time, the use of a strong magnetic magnet helps to enhance the magnetic field strength.

[0029] The lubrication structure between the moving component and the two ends in this design solves the lubrication problem, allowing for a smaller air gap between the moving and stator components, which is beneficial for reducing the size chain. When the moving component is connected to the first and second ends by rolling, it can greatly reduce friction loss and heat generation between them; when they are connected by sliding, the self-lubricating properties of the connecting sleeve also help reduce friction. Furthermore, by incorporating graphite lubricating powder and selecting the particle size of the graphite lubricating powder to create a micro-gap between the moving component and the connecting sleeve, friction between them can be reduced. At the same time, the lubricating, high-temperature resistance, thermal conductivity, and heavy-load capacity of the graphite lubricating powder can be fully utilized, thereby improving the overall performance of the machine.

[0030] In terms of assembly, the stator components can be installed first with the first and second components to form a whole. The mover components can then be placed into the assembled whole to form the motor unit. It can be assembled separately and is easy to operate. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the single-phase two-voice-coil brushless motor of the present invention (the moving part is in the extended state).

[0032] Figure 2 is an exploded cross-sectional view of the three-phase 6-slot 7-pole brushless motor of the present invention (the magnetic teeth and the insulator are integrally injection molded in the figure).

[0033] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the stator components of the three-phase 6-slot 7-pole brushless motor of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a partial exploded view of the stator components of the three-phase 6-slot 7-pole brushless motor of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the stator components of the three-phase 6-slot 7-pole brushless motor of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a perspective view of the W-shaped winding frame of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 This is an exploded view of the stator components of the single-phase two-voice-coil brushless motor of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 8 This is an exploded view of the stator component of the three-phase 6-slot 7-pole brushless motor of the present invention, which adopts an L-shaped winding frame.

[0039] Figure 9 This is an end view of the magnetic sleeve of the stator component of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the moving part of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 11 This is a side view of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional view of the mover component of the three-phase 6-slot 7-pole brushless motor of the present invention in a retracted state. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The objectives, advantages, and features of this invention will be illustrated and explained through the following non-limiting description of preferred embodiments. These embodiments are merely typical examples of applying the technical solutions of this invention, and all technical solutions formed by equivalent substitutions or equivalent transformations fall within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0044] In the description of the solution, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "rear," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience and simplification of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Also, in the description of the solution, with the operator as a reference, the direction closer to the operator is the proximal end, and the direction farther from the operator is the distal end.

[0045] The linear power machine disclosed in this invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It can be applied to various equipment that requires linear movement, such as linear working machines in the power tool industry, home appliance industry, toy industry, and some industries. More specifically, it can be used for electric nail guns, rivet guns, glue guns, jigsaws, reciprocating saws, electric picks, vacuum cleaners, etc.

[0046] The preferred structure of this solution can form linear motors and electromagnets with cylindrical and square closed magnetic circuits, with a preference for cylindrical closed magnetic circuit linear motors. Such a structure is more convenient for use in handheld power tools. The following embodiments mainly use cylindrical closed magnetic circuit linear motors as an example.

[0047] As attached Figure 1 As shown, the linear power unit includes a first end 1 and a second end 2. The first end 1 and the second end 2 are used to position and support the stator component 3 and the mover component 4. The first end 1 and the second end 2 are coaxially arranged, and they have similar structures, forming a single unit. They each include coaxial, thin-diameter pipe sections 11 and 21 and thick-diameter pipe sections 12 and 22 with different diameters. The cross-sectional shape of the inner hole of the first end 1 and the second end 2 can be circular, square, or other feasible shapes. Of course, in other embodiments, the first end 1 and the second end 2 may not be in the shape of a single unit. For example, the outer end faces (their opposite end faces) of the first end 1 and / or the second end can be closed, thereby forming a groove with a convex cross-section (a cross-section formed by cutting with a surface coinciding with the axis of the first end 1 and the second end 2).

[0048] As attached Figure 1 As shown, a stator component 3 is provided between the first end 1 and the second end 2, which is at least parallel to the center line of their inner holes. Specifically, the two ends of the stator component 3 are inserted into the large-diameter pipe sections 12 and 22 of the first end 1 and the second end 2, and the stator component 3 can be connected with the first end 1 and the second end 2 by interference fit, transition fit, or precise small clearance fit to form a reliable connection.

[0049] Of course, they can also be connected by welding, bolting, or even flange connection. In this case, the large-diameter pipe sections 12 and 22 of the first end 1 and the second end 2 can be omitted, thus making the size smaller. At the same time, the surface 36 of the stator component 3 located between the first end 1 and the second end 2 is exposed, which facilitates heat dissipation.

[0050] Of course, in other embodiments, the first end 1 and the second end 2 can also be fixed in the center hole of the stator component 3, thereby further reducing the size of the first end 1 and the second end 2.

[0051] As attached Figure 2As shown, heat dissipation holes 13 and 23 are formed in the areas where the first end 1 and / or the second end 2 connect with the stator component 3. Specifically, these holes are located in the connection areas 14 and 24 on the outer periphery of the larger diameter pipe section and the smaller diameter pipe section. Simultaneously, the inner end faces of these connection areas 14 and 24 can define the stator component 3. In other embodiments, the two end faces of the stator component 3 can also maintain a gap with the inner end faces of the connection areas 14 and 24 of the first end 1 and the second end 2. This gap forms a heat dissipation channel to facilitate communication with the heat dissipation holes for heat dissipation. Alternatively, the heat dissipation channel can be a groove on the outer wall of the stator component 3 or the inner wall of the end.

[0052] The stator component 3 can be any known structure. In a preferred structure, the outer contour of the cross-section of the stator component 3 (the cross-section formed by cutting with a plane perpendicular to its axis) can be an annular shape that matches the shape of the inner holes of the first end 1 and the second end 2; of course, it can also be a square annular shape or other feasible annular shapes. Furthermore, the outer diameters of the two end regions of the stator component 3 can be the same or different, depending on the specific design requirements. Meanwhile, the cross-section of the central hole of the stator component 3 can be circular, square, or other feasible shapes, such as ellipse, regular pentagon, etc.

[0053] As attached Figure 3 Appendix Figure 4 As shown, the stator component 3 specifically includes a magnetic sleeve 31, magnetic teeth 32, an insulator 33, and windings 34. The magnetic sleeve 31 can be cylindrical, square, or other feasible cylindrical shapes. The outer contour of the magnetic teeth 32 corresponds to the central hole of the magnetic sleeve 31, and is preferably annular and multiple in number. They are spaced apart within the central hole of the magnetic sleeve 31. A winding 34 encased in the insulator 33 is disposed between adjacent magnetic teeth 32, and the outermost two magnetic teeth 32 also have windings 34 located in the insulator 33 on their outer sides. The outermost two windings 34 encased in the insulator 33 are close to the openings at both ends of the magnetic sleeve 31.

[0054] The insulator 33 can have various structures; in one embodiment, as shown in the attached figure... Figure 5 As shown, it includes U-shaped and / or W-shaped winding frames 331 and 332, wherein the U-shaped winding frame 331 has a winding groove, as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 6 As shown, the W-shaped winding frame 332 has two winding slots formed by partitions, with notches formed on the partitions for wire routing. (See attached image) Figure 3 Appendix Figure 6 Appendix Figure 7As shown, the width of the winding slot on each winding frame 331 can be set as needed. The cross-sectional shape and cross-sectional area of ​​the central hole of the winding frames 331 and 332 are the same as the cross-sectional shape and cross-sectional area of ​​the central hole of the magnetic guide tooth 32. After the winding 34 is wound or installed on each winding slot, it is wrapped with insulating tape 333 to form a sealed insulation, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 3 As shown. Of course, in other embodiments, the winding 34 can also be covered by applying insulating varnish or impregnating with insulating varnish. The reason for using insulating tape is that its processing technology is simpler.

[0055] In another embodiment, as shown in the appendix Figure 2 Appendix Figure 8 As shown, the insulator 33 includes an L-shaped winding frame 334 and an insulating partition disk 335, which form a winding groove. The L-shaped winding frame 334 is respectively provided on both sides of the magnetic tooth 32. The L-shaped winding frame 334 includes an annular disk 3341, on one side of which a circular winding shaft 3342 is formed. The circular winding shaft 3342 is used to wind the winding 34. After the winding 34 is wound onto the circular winding shaft 3342, one end face of the winding 34 is covered by the insulating partition disk 335. At the same time, the opposite windings 34 on two adjacent magnetic teeth 32 are also separated by the insulating partition disk 335. The winding 34 between the insulating partition disk 335 and the winding frame is covered with insulating tape or insulating varnish.

[0056] The winding frame, insulating partition plate, etc. of the insulator 33 can be various feasible insulating materials, and the preferred insulating materials are PA6, PA66, LCP, etc.

[0057] Because insulator 33 is used to isolate winding 34, winding 34 can use either self-adhesive enameled wire or ordinary enameled wire, eliminating the complex process of winding, dripping enamel, or potting glue required in the market, making it environmentally friendly and reliable. The insulating tape 333 can be any feasible tape product, preferably a high-temperature resistant insulating tape. Winding 34 can be wound after structural connection, or it can be wound first and then connected to the insulator with glue or placed inside the insulator.

[0058] The magnetic teeth 32 are integrally injection molded, glued, axially pressed, or snap-fitted together with the winding frame in the insulator 33. When integral injection molding is used, the magnetic teeth are embedded in the mold cavity of the injection mold to form the insulator 33 with the magnetic teeth 32.

[0059] When using adhesive bonding for fixation, as shown in the attached... Figure 5As shown, at least one positioning hole 321 is formed on each of the two end faces of the magnetic tooth 32, and a protrusion 336 corresponding to the positioning hole 321 is formed on the insulator 33. When the winding frame is U-shaped or W-shaped, the protrusion 336 is formed on each of its two end faces. When the winding frame is L-shaped, as shown in the attached figure... Figure 8 As shown, the protrusion 3343 is formed on the side facing the magnetic tooth 32. The protrusions 336, 3343, and positioning holes 321 are used to position the insulator 33 and the magnetic tooth 32, and they are then bonded together with heat-resistant adhesive. Alternatively, the structure of the protrusions or positioning holes 321 can be omitted, and bonding can be done directly with adhesive. The two assembly methods described above can be selected based on the convenience of winding and the assembly requirements.

[0060] When using snap-fit ​​fixing, matching concave-convex structures can be formed on the opposite end faces of the magnetic guide teeth 32 and the insulator 33, such as the protrusion 336 and positioning hole 321 mentioned above. By applying opposing pressure from the opposite sides of the magnetic guide body 32 and the insulator 33, the axial pressing and fixing connection between the insulator 33 and the magnetic guide teeth 32 can be achieved by using the interference fit of the concave-convex structure. This assembly method is simpler and more convenient to implement in practical applications. Of course, a certain snap-fit ​​structure can also be used to achieve their snap-fit ​​fixing.

[0061] As attached Figure 5 As shown, a clearance groove 322 for wiring is formed on the magnetic tooth 32. The clearance groove 322 is located on the outer circumferential surface of the magnetic tooth 32 and extends from one end of the magnetic tooth 32 to the other end. A wiring groove 332 corresponding to the position of the clearance groove 322 is formed on the end face of the insulator 33 that mates with the magnetic tooth 32.

[0062] As attached Figure 6As shown, when the winding frame on the insulator 33 is U-shaped or W-shaped, a narrow and long wiring groove 3321 is formed on one end face, and a wide and short wiring groove 3322 is formed on the other end face. The sum of the widths of the two wiring grooves 3321 and 3322 is approximately equal to the width of the clearance groove 322. The wiring groove 3321 extends from the inside of the end face of the insulator 33 to its outside and can be embedded in the clearance groove 322. Correspondingly, the end face of the magnetic guide tooth 32 has a mounting groove corresponding to the wiring groove 3321 and communicating with the clearance groove 322, so that the wiring groove 3321 can be embedded in the clearance groove 322. The position of the wiring groove 3322 is directly opposite the position of the clearance groove 322, so it can be directly embedded in the clearance groove. Furthermore, the edges of the wiring grooves 3321 and 3222 extend to the outside of the clearance groove 322, thereby facilitating winding and wiring. Of course, the widths of the wiring grooves on both sides of the U-shaped winding frame 332 are roughly equal. When it is an L-shaped winding frame, a wiring groove (not shown in the figure) is formed on one side of its annular disk 3341 where the winding shaft is formed.

[0063] Furthermore, to improve the slot fill factor, the magnetic sleeve 31 can be locally slotted for wiring, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 5 Appendix Figure 9 As shown, the inner wall of the magnetic sleeve 31 has a shallow groove 311 extending from one end of the magnetic sleeve 31 to the other end, or a notch 312 is formed on the magnetic sleeve 31. A lead wire groove 35 is provided at the shallow groove 311 or the notch 312, and the outer end of the lead wire groove 35 is exposed, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 1 As shown, one end of the lead-out groove 35 extends outside the first end 1 or the second end 2, thereby facilitating wiring.

[0064] As attached Figure 5 As shown, the lead-out groove 35 specifically includes a flat plate 351 forming a rectangular groove and vertical plates 352 vertically arranged on both sides thereon. A row of through holes 353 are formed on the flat plate 351 to facilitate heat dissipation. A set of notches 354 are formed on the vertical plate 352 to avoid the wiring groove 332 on the insulator 33.

[0065] When a shallow groove 311 is formed on the magnetic sleeve 31, the portions 3333 and 3334 of the wiring grooves 3321 and 3322 of the insulator 33 extending outside the clearance groove 322 are embedded into the shallow groove 311 of the magnetic sleeve 31. (See attached image) Figure 4As shown, when a notch 312 is formed on the magnetic sleeve 31, the portions 3333 and 3334 of the wiring grooves 3321 and 3322 of the insulator 33 outside the clearance groove 322 are embedded into the lead wire groove 35, thereby ensuring the safety of wiring insulation and preventing damage during the installation process.

[0066] As attached Figure 1 As shown, a movable component 4 is inserted into the central hole of the stator component 3, which can reciprocate along its axis. The cross-sectional shape of the movable component 4 matches the cross-sectional shape of the central hole of the stator component 3, and can be circular, square, or other feasible shapes. There is a small gap 5 between the movable component 4 and the central hole of the stator component 3, which can effectively avoid friction between the movable component 4 and the stator component 3, reduce internal heat generation and wear, and at the same time, the gap 5 can form a heat dissipation channel with the gaps between the two ends of the stator component and the first end and the second end, and can achieve convection with the outside air through the heat dissipation holes on the first end and the second end, thereby realizing the release of heat from the stator component and the movable component.

[0067] As attached Figure 1 As shown, the movable component 4 is movably mounted on the first end 1 and the second end 2. Specifically, both ends of the movable component 4 extend to the narrow-diameter pipe sections 11 and 21 of the first component 1 and the second component 2. The inner holes of the narrow-diameter pipe sections 11 and 21 serve as the moving channels for the reciprocating movement of the movable component 4. When the movable component 4 extends forward, its front end can extend beyond the second end 2, and when the movable component 4 retracts, its tail end can extend beyond the first end 1. Of course, if the moving channel for the movable component 4 to move at the narrow-diameter pipe sections 11 and 21 is a groove, then at least one end of the movable component 4 cannot move to the outside of the corresponding end.

[0068] As attached Figure 10 As shown, the moving part 4 comprises a magnetic sleeve 42, a magnet 43, a moving part support 44, and a locking member 45. A heat dissipation hole 41 extending from one end to the other is formed in the center of the moving part support 44. Both ends of the heat dissipation hole 41 are connected to the external environment, facilitating airflow and effectively dissipating heat transmitted from the moving part 4. The moving part support 44 is made of a non-magnetic material, preferably aluminum alloy or stainless steel. The preferred aluminum alloy is aviation-grade aluminum 7075, and the preferred stainless steel is SUS304. One end of the moving part support 44 forms a limiting platform 441, meaning the moving part end 44 is essentially bolt-shaped. The outer circumferential surface of the limiting platform 441 is circular or polygonal.

[0069] Furthermore, the moving part support 44 uses the end where the limiting platform 441 is located as the power output end, which can directly output power or connect to other parts to output power. In this case, as shown in the attached... Figure 1 Appendix Figure 11 As shown, a connecting hole 442, particularly perpendicular to the heat dissipation through hole 41, is formed on the limiting platform 441. Simultaneously, for ease of connection, a waist-shaped hole 221 corresponding to the connecting hole 442 is formed on the narrow-diameter tube section 22 of the second end 2. Of course, in other embodiments, the moving component 4 can also use a magnetic sleeve 42 as the power output component. Furthermore, in other embodiments, both ends of the automatic component 4 can serve as power output ends to connect to the passive component.

[0070] As attached Figure 10 As shown, the magnetic sleeve 42 and magnet 43 are alternately sleeved on the mover support 44, with the magnetic sleeve 42 located at both ends of the mover support 44. The magnetic sleeve 42 and magnet 43 are tightly fitted with the mover support 44, preferably with an interference fit or a transition fit. The magnetic sleeve 42 and magnet 43 are fixed to the mover support 44 by a locking member 45. The outer surfaces of the magnetic sleeve 42 and magnet 43 are flush with and slightly higher than the outer circumferential surfaces of the limiting platform 441 and the locking member 45. The magnetic sleeve 42 is preferably made of military-grade pure iron DT4, which helps to improve the magnetic flux density; the magnet 43 is preferably made of neodymium iron boron N35 or higher, which enhances the magnetic field strength; the locking member 45 can be a locking nut, preferably an aluminum alloy nut to reduce the weight of the mover.

[0071] As attached Figure 1 As shown, the moving component 4 is slidably or rollingly connected to the inner wall of the first end 1 and / or the second end 2. For example, the outer surface 46 of the moving component 4 is directly connected to the inner wall of the first end 1 and the second end 2 with a small gap, so that the power component 4 can slide relative to the first end 1 and the second end 2, at which time they are slidably connected.

[0072] Of course, in other embodiments, the moving component 4 can also be connected to the linear bearing and / or graphite copper sleeve and / or self-lubricating body 6 in the first end 1 and / or the second end 2. The linear bearing and / or graphite copper sleeve and / or self-lubricating body 6 are disposed in the narrow diameter pipe sections of the first end 1 and the second end 2, and they can be connected by interference fit or transition fit. At the same time, stepped surfaces 15 and 25 are respectively formed on the inner walls of the first end 1 and the second end 2 near the outer ends to define the linear bearing and / or graphite copper sleeve and / or self-lubricating body 6.

[0073] When a linear bearing is used, the moving part 4 is in rolling connection with it, which can reduce friction more effectively. When a graphite copper sleeve or self-lubricating body 6 is used, the moving part 4 is in sliding connection with the graphite copper sleeve or self-lubricating body 4, and when there is a graphite copper sleeve or self-lubricating body 6, it has an oblong hole (not shown in the figure) corresponding to the oblong hole 24 on the second end 2.

[0074] Of course, in other feasible embodiments, as shown in the appendix Figure 1 Appendix Figure 12 As shown, a receiving space 7 is formed on the inner wall of the first end 1 and / or the second end 2 and / or the inner wall of the guide sleeve (e.g., the aforementioned copper sleeve, self-lubricating body, or other metal or plastic end) and / or the outer wall of the stator component 4. The receiving space 7 can be a groove or a hole. When the receiving space is located on the inner wall of the first end 1 and the second end 2, the receiving space can be a set of grooves arranged in a ring. When the receiving space 7 is located on the inner wall of the guide sleeve, the receiving space 7 can be a set of grooves or holes arranged in a ring. Of course, the groove or hole can also be a closed annular groove or other partial groove or hole. When the receiving space 7 is formed on the stator component, the receiving space 7 can be provided at the joint portion with the first end, the second end, or the guide sleeve.

[0075] The receiving space 7 is provided with a lubricating medium 8. The particle size of the lubricating medium 8 is larger than the micro-gap between the outer surface 46 of the moving component 4 and the inner wall of the first end 1 and / or the second end 2 and / or the guide sleeve 6. Preferably, the lubricating medium 8 can be various materials with lubricating properties, preferably graphite powder, polytetrafluoroethylene powder, self-lubricating material powder, or lubricating materials obtained by powder metallurgy. Furthermore, the lubricating medium has a mesh size of 1000-3000 mesh, and the amount of lubricating medium 8 is generally about half the volume of the receiving space 7. The lubricating medium 8 can reduce friction and, on the other hand, create a micro-gap between the moving component 4 and the guide sleeve 6, further reducing the contact area and friction.

[0076] The entire linear motor forms multiple heat dissipation channels:

[0077] The first channel is the outer surface of the magnetic sleeve 31 of the first end 1, the second end 2 and the stator component 3. After conduction, it convects with the air, has a large heat dissipation area, and is the main heat dissipation channel; at the same time, the through holes on the lead wire groove 35 can better facilitate air convection and accelerate heat dissipation.

[0078] The second channel is the air passage between the stator component 3 and the mover component 4, which dissipates heat from the two ends of the stator component and the internal gaps of the first end 1 and the second end 2; it mainly dissipates the heat between the stator component 3 and the mover component 4, which is generated by the heating of the winding, the stator magnetic teeth, the magnetic sleeve of the mover and the magnet.

[0079] The third channel is the heat dissipation hole 41 inside the moving part 4, which mainly dissipates the heat inside the moving part 4.

[0080] This solution further discloses power tools, including housings and other power tools such as reciprocating saws, electric hammers, electric picks, etc., and other structures such as circuit boards, start / stop components, power supplies, etc. The structure of the corresponding power tools is known technology and will not be described in detail here. The innovation of the power tools in this solution is that the conventional rotary motor and the switching mechanism that switches the rotational motion of the motor to linear motion are replaced by the linear power machine described in the above embodiment, thereby simplifying the original structure, reducing costs and increasing power.

[0081] This invention has many other embodiments, and all technical solutions formed by equivalent transformation or equivalent transformation fall within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A linear power unit, characterized in that: It includes a first end (1) and a second end (2), and a stator component (3) with at least a partially exposed surface is provided between the first end (1) and the second end (2). A moving component (4) is provided in the stator component (3) that can reciprocate along the moving channel of the first end (1) and the second end (2). The stator component (3) includes a magnetic sleeve (31), which is provided with magnetic teeth (32) and a winding (34) located in an insulator (33). The inner wall of the magnetic sleeve (31) is formed with a shallow groove (311) or a notch (312) is formed on the magnetic sleeve (31). A lead wire groove (35) is provided at the shallow groove (311) or the notch (312), and one end of the lead wire groove (35) is exposed. A positioning hole (321) is formed on the magnetic teeth (32), and a protrusion corresponding to the positioning hole (321) is formed on the insulator (33). A clearance groove (322) for wiring is formed on the magnetic teeth (32), and a wiring groove corresponding to the position of the clearance groove (322) is formed on the end face of the insulator (33). The insulator (33) includes a U-shaped and / or W-shaped winding frame. The U-shaped winding frame has a winding slot, and the W-shaped winding frame has two winding slots formed by partitions. The cross-sectional shape and cross-sectional area of ​​the central hole of the U-shaped and / or W-shaped winding frame are the same as the cross-sectional shape and cross-sectional area of ​​the central hole of the magnetic tooth (32). After the winding (34) is wound or installed on each winding slot, the winding (34) is covered with insulating tape (333) to form a sealed insulation. Alternatively, the insulator (33) includes an L-shaped winding frame and an insulating partition disc (335), which form a winding groove. The L-shaped winding frame is provided on both sides of the magnetic tooth (32). The L-shaped winding frame includes an annular disc (3341), on one side of which a circular winding shaft (3342) is formed. The circular winding shaft (3342) is used to wind the winding (34). After the winding (34) is wound onto the circular winding shaft (3342), one end face of the winding (34) is covered by the insulating partition disc (335). At the same time, the opposite windings (34) on two adjacent magnetic teeth (32) are also isolated by the insulating partition disc (335). The winding (34) between the insulating partition disc (335) and the winding frame is covered with insulating tape or insulating varnish. When the winding frame on the insulator (33) is a U-shaped winding frame or a W-shaped winding frame, a narrow and long wire routing groove is formed on one end face, and a wide and short wire routing groove is formed on the other end face. The sum of the widths of the two wire routing grooves is equivalent to the width of the clearance groove (322). The narrow and long wire routing groove extends from the inside of the end face of the insulator (33) to its outside and can be embedded in the clearance groove (322). Correspondingly, the end face of the magnetic tooth (32) forms a mounting groove that corresponds to the narrow and long wire routing groove and communicates with the clearance groove (322) so that the narrow and long wire routing groove can be embedded in the clearance groove (322). When the winding frame is L-shaped, a wire routing groove is formed on one side of the annular disk (3341) of the L-shaped winding frame where the winding shaft is formed. The moving component (4) is slidably connected and / or rolledly connected to the inner wall of the first end (1) and / or the second end (2); the moving component (4) is connected to the linear bearing and / or graphite copper sleeve and / or self-lubricating body in the first end (1) and / or the second end (2); a receiving space is formed at the inner wall of the first end (1) and / or the second end (2) and / or the inner wall of the guide sleeve and / or the outer wall of the moving component, and a lubricating powder is provided in the receiving space, the particle size of the lubricating powder being larger than the gap between the moving component (4) and the inner wall of the first end (1) and / or the second end (2) and / or the guide sleeve.

2. The linear power machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The moving channels of the first end (1) and / or the second end (2) are straight holes or grooves.

3. The linear power machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The area where the first end (1) and / or the second end (2) connects with the stator component (3) has heat dissipation holes.

4. The linear power machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stator component (3) has heat dissipation channels between its two ends and the inner end faces of the connection areas of the first end (1) and / or the second end (2).

5. The linear power machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic guide teeth (32) are integrally injection molded, glued, or axially fixed with the insulator (33).

6. The linear power machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The moving part (4) has a heat dissipation through hole (41).

7. A power tool, characterized in that: Includes the linear power unit as described in any one of claims 1-6.

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