Block for precast slab and method for storing precast slabs in layers

Abstract

The present invention relates to a cushion block for precast slabs and a method for storing precast slabs in a stacked manner. The cushion block is in a hollow box shape, and the cushion block includes a box top and side walls surrounding and connected to the box top. The box top is provided with a sand filling area. By using readily available materials on-site to make the cushion blocks for storing precast slabs in a stacked manner, it is thus possible to avoid using special materials to specifically make the isolation structure for storing precast slabs in a stacked manner, avoid material waste and the transportation of the isolation structure, and also reduce the damage to the isolation structure during the transportation process. In addition, a sand filling area is provided at the top of the cushion block of the present application. The sand filling area forms a flexible contact with the precast slab supported on its top, and the cushion block itself is a rigid structure, so that when the cushion block can support the precast slab, it also has a flexible contact with the precast slab, reducing the damage to the surface structure of the precast slab by the cushion block.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of bridge construction, and particularly relates to a cushion block for precast slabs and a method for storing precast slabs in a stacked manner. Background Art

[0002] At present, precast slabs are often stacked and stored using a dedicated storage structure. The number and specifications of the stored precast slabs are fixed, resulting in poor versatility and great inconvenience during the transportation process. Alternatively, a support structure is installed between the precast slabs to isolate adjacent precast slabs and prevent them from contacting each other. However, both of the above two methods for storing precast slabs require the use of special materials to prefabricate the structure for isolating the precast slabs, and the structure for isolating the precast slabs needs to be transported to the site for use before it can be used. The transportation process is rather troublesome. At the same time, the contact between the above two structures and the precast slabs is usually a rigid contact, which may damage the structure of the precast slabs themselves. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To overcome the above technical problems, especially the problem that the structure for isolating precast slabs requires special materials to be prefabricated in advance and the structure for isolating precast slabs needs to be transported in advance, the following technical solutions are specifically proposed:

[0004] A cushion block for precast slabs provided by an embodiment of the present application, the cushion block is a hollow box shape, the cushion block includes a box top and side walls surrounding and connected to the box top, and a sand filling area is provided on the box top.

[0005] Further, a retaining wall for preventing fine sand from flowing out is provided around the edge of the sand filling area.

[0006] Further, the retaining wall is fixed in a groove on the box top.

[0007] Further, temporary fixing materials are filled between the retaining wall and the groove.

[0008] Preferably, the height of the retaining wall is 3 - 5 cm.

[0009] More preferably, the height of the retaining wall is 4 cm.

[0010] More preferably, the retaining wall is made of bamboo plywood.

[0011] Preferably, the bottom of the cushion block is open, and the hollowing height is 10 - 25 cm.

[0012] More preferably, the hollowing height is 20 cm.

[0013] Preferably, the cushion block is a cube, and the size of the cushion block does not exceed 35 cm.

[0014] More preferably, the size of the cushion block is 30 cm × 30 cm × 30 cm.

[0015] The embodiment of the present application also provides a method for stacking and storing precast slabs, including:

[0016] Cover a bottom-hollowed cushion block made of box-shaped concrete on the lifting ring of the lower precast slab;

[0017] Lay fine sand on the top of the cushion block;

[0018] Place the upper precast slab on the cushion block paved with the fine sand.

[0019] Preferably, a sand-filling area is provided on the top of the cushion block. When laying fine sand on the top of the cushion block, it includes:

[0020] Surround the edge of the sand-filling area with a retaining wall to prevent the fine sand from flowing away;

[0021] Lay fine sand in the sand-filling area surrounded by the retaining wall.

[0022] Further, before surrounding the edge of the sand-filling area with a retaining wall to prevent the fine sand from flowing away, it includes:

[0023] Fix the retaining wall in the groove on the top of the cushion block.

[0024] Further, before fixing the retaining wall in the groove on the top of the cushion block, it includes:

[0025] Fill temporary fixing material between the retaining wall and the groove.

[0026] Preferably, a sand-filling groove recessed inward is provided on the top of the cushion block. When laying fine sand on the top of the cushion block, it includes:

[0027] Surround the edge in the sand-filling groove with a retaining wall to prevent the fine sand from flowing away;

[0028] Lay fine sand in the sand-filling groove surrounded by the retaining wall.

[0029] Further, before surrounding the edge in the sand-filling groove with a retaining wall to prevent the fine sand from flowing away, it includes:

[0030] Fill temporary fixing material between the retaining wall and the sand-filling groove.

[0031] Further, after placing the upper precast slab on the cushion block paved with the fine sand, it includes:

[0032] Repeat the step of covering a bottom-hollowed cushion block made of box-shaped concrete on the lifting ring of the lower precast slab.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0034] A spacer for precast slabs and a method for stacking precast slabs provided by an embodiment of the present application. By using readily available materials on-site to fabricate the spacers for stacking precast slabs, it is possible to avoid using special materials to specifically manufacture the isolation structure for stacking precast slabs. Meanwhile, under normal circumstances, there is a surplus of precast materials for precast slabs. Therefore, when precasting precast slabs, the materials for making the precast slabs can be directly used to precast the spacers, avoiding material waste and the transportation of the isolation structure, and also reducing damage during the transportation of the isolation structure. In addition, a sand-filling area is provided at the top of the spacer of the present application. The sand-filling area forms a flexible contact with the precast slab supported on its top, and the spacer itself is a rigid structure, enabling the spacer to support the precast slab while also having a flexible contact with the precast slab, reducing damage to the surface structure of the precast slab by the spacer.

[0035] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description, and these will become apparent from the following description, or can be understood through the practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and be readily understood from the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the drawings, wherein:

[0037] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the spacer for precast slabs of the present invention after laying fine sand;

[0038] Figure 2 It is a decomposed structural diagram of an embodiment of the spacer for precast slabs of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 It is a schematic flow diagram of an embodiment in a typical embodiment of the method for stacking precast slabs of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0040] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0041] Those skilled in the art of the present technology can understand that unless specifically stated otherwise, the singular forms "a", "an", "the" and "said" used herein may also include the plural forms. It should be further understood that the term "comprising" used in the specification of the present invention means the presence of the described features, integers, steps, operations, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations.

[0042] Those skilled in the art of the present technology can understand that, unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the same meaning as the general understanding of those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs. It should also be understood that terms such as those defined in a general dictionary should be understood to have a meaning consistent with the meaning in the context of the prior art, and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless specifically defined as here.

[0043] A cushion block for precast slabs provided by an embodiment of the present application, as Figure 1 shown, the cushion block 1 is a hollow box shape. The cushion block 1 includes a box top and side walls surrounding and connected to the box top. The box top is provided with a sand filling area 11. The box top is the top of the cushion block 1. By setting the sand filling area 11 at the top of the cushion block 1 and laying fine sand 4 in the sand filling area 11, when the fine sand 4 is compressed and lost, it can be retained at the top of the cushion block 1 to the greatest extent, ensuring flexible contact between the cushion block 1 and the upper precast slab. Preferably, the fine sand 4 is directly obtained from the construction site. It can be the surplus material of the precast slab or other sandy materials on site. Since the fine sand 4 can be directly obtained from the construction site, the efficiency of stacking and storing precast slabs is improved, and the material cost is also saved.

[0044] Further, continue to refer to Figure 1 , a retaining wall 2 for preventing the loss of fine sand 4 is provided around the edge of the sand filling area 11. Since the retaining wall 2 prevents the loss of fine sand 4, the flexible contact area between the upper precast slab and the cushion block 1 can be ensured.

[0045] Further, refer to Figure 2 , the retaining wall 2 is fixed in the groove 12 on the box top. Preferably, the edge of the sand filling area 11 on the box top is provided with a groove 12. By fixing the retaining wall 2 in the groove 12, the retaining wall 2 can be stably positioned at the top of the cushion block 1, and when the sand on the top of the cushion block 1 is compressed, the retaining wall 2 will not be damaged due to excessive pressure, ensuring that the fine sand 4 will not be lost due to the pressure of the upper precast slab and ensuring that the retaining wall 2 can block the loss of fine sand 4. Further, a temporary fixing material 3 is filled between the retaining wall 2 and the groove 12. The temporary fixing material is used to stabilize the retaining wall 2, facilitating the retaining wall 2 to be arranged around the groove 12 before laying the fine sand 4 to avoid the collapse of the retaining wall 2. Preferably, the height of the retaining wall 2 in the present application is 3 - 5 cm. More preferably, the height of the retaining wall 2 is 4 cm. Among them, the depth of the groove 12 is 5 cm and the width is 1.6 cm. More preferably, the retaining wall 2 is made of bamboo plywood. The bamboo plywood has a certain hardness and can withstand the pressure given by the precast slab and the fine sand 4. At the same time, the bamboo plywood is not as hard as the precast slab and has a certain flexibility, and can thus contact the precast slab gently.

[0046] An embodiment of the present application also provides a method for stacking and storing precast slabs, as Figure 3As shown in the figure, it includes: S1, S2, and S3;

[0047] S1: Place the cushion block with a hollow bottom made of box-shaped concrete on the lifting ring of the lower precast slab;

[0048] S2: Lay fine sand on the top of the cushion block;

[0049] S3: Place the upper precast slab on the cushion block covered with fine sand.

[0050] The method for stacking and storing precast slabs provided in the embodiment of the present application uses the aforementioned cushion blocks for precast slabs. Before stacking and storing precast slabs, the cushion blocks are precast using on-site materials, which are the surplus concrete materials for precast slabs on-site or other concrete materials. Among them, the cushion blocks of the present application are hollow box-shaped. When stacking and storing precast slabs, the cushion blocks are placed on the lifting rings of the precast slabs so that the lifting rings are accommodated inside the cavities of the cushion blocks. Fine sand at the construction site is laid in the sand filling area on the top of the cushion blocks. When placing the adjacent next precast slab on the cushion block, the precast slab contacts the fine sand on the top of the cushion block, forming a flexible contact between the cushion block and the precast slab. Since the cushion block itself is a precast structure, it forms a rigid support for the cushion block on its top. The fine sand on its top directly contacts the precast slab on the top of the cushion block, forming a flexible contact between the cushion block and the precast slab, thereby reducing the damage to the surface of the precast slab during the support process by the cushion block. Further, the lifting rings of the present application are accommodated inside the cavities of the cushion blocks, so that the lifting rings form a shear structure inside the cushion blocks, enabling the precast slab on the top of the cushion block to be stably placed on the cushion block, and preventing the precast slab from sliding during and after stacking. Preferably, the lifting rings of the present application are made of steel bars.

[0051] Further, after placing the upper precast slab on the cushion block covered with fine sand, it includes:

[0052] Repeat the step of placing the cushion block with a hollow bottom made of box-shaped concrete on the lifting ring of the lower precast slab. In the embodiment provided by the present application, when the lifting ring can be placed flat on the precast slab, the hollow height at the bottom of the cushion block is greater than or equal to the diameter A of the lifting ring steel bar; when the lifting ring is placed vertically on the precast slab, the hollow at the bottom of the cushion block is at least the distance B between the precast slab and the farthest point of the lifting ring; preferably, the hollow height at the bottom of the cushion block is L, and A ≤ L ≤ B. Preferably, the cushion block is a cube, and the size of the cushion block does not exceed 35 cm. More preferably, the size of the cushion block is 30 cm × 30 cm × 30 cm. Preferably, the bottom of the cushion block is open, and the hollow height is 10 - 25 cm to facilitate accommodating the lifting ring in the cavity of the cushion block. More preferably, the hollow height is 20 cm.

[0053] To stack and store precast slabs, repeat the aforementioned step of placing the cushion block with a hollow bottom made of box-shaped concrete on the lifting ring of the lower precast slab.

[0054] Preferably, a sand filling area is provided at the top of the cushion block. When laying fine sand on the top of the cushion block, it includes:

[0055] A retaining wall for blocking the loss of fine sand is arranged around the edge of the sand filling area;

[0056] Fine sand is laid in the sand filling area surrounded by the retaining wall.

[0057] Combined with the foregoing description, a sand filling area is provided at the top of the cushion block. After the cushion block is placed on the lifting ring of the precast slab, a retaining wall for blocking the loss of fine sand is arranged around the edge of the sand filling area, and then fine sand is laid in the sand filling area surrounded by the retaining wall. Correspondingly, in order to achieve flexible contact between the cushion block and the upper precast slab, the height of the fine sand laid should be greater than or equal to the height of the retaining wall. Preferably, after the fine sand is laid, its upper edge is higher than or flush with the upper edge of the retaining wall.

[0058] In one implementation, before arranging a retaining wall for blocking the loss of fine sand around the edge of the sand filling area, it includes:

[0059] Fix the retaining wall in the groove at the top of the cushion block.

[0060] The edge of the sand filling area at the top of the cushion block provided in this application is provided with a groove to prevent the loss of fine sand. Among them, the depth of the groove does not exceed 5 cm and the width does not exceed 1.6 cm. When the cushion block is under the pressure of the precast slab it supports, the fine sand will show a natural slope phenomenon under the pressure. If the fine sand flows out, the area of the fine sand laid will be reduced, resulting in a reduction in the contact area with the precast slab, that is, the bearing area is reduced, affecting the force-bearing effect of the precast slab on the top of the cushion block. By setting this groove in this application, under the condition of the fine sand being pressed, since the retaining wall blocks the flow of the fine sand, the fine sand will not flow out under the pressure condition, and the retaining wall will form a relatively stable annular force-bearing support for the fine sand under the pressure condition, that is, the bearing area of the stable flexible contact, making the force of the entire cushion block structure more balanced.

[0061] Furthermore, before fixing the retaining wall in the groove at the top of the cushion block, it includes:

[0062] Fill temporary fixing materials between the retaining wall and the groove.

[0063] Preferably, the temporary fixing material is clay and the retaining wall is a bamboo glue board. In order to minimize the loss of fine sand to the greatest extent, lay clay with a thickness not exceeding 3 cm at the bottom of the groove, place a bamboo glue board with a height of 4 cm on the clay, and lay fine sand in the area surrounded by the bamboo glue board. That is, the bamboo glue board forms the side plate of the fine sand on the top of the precast slab, which can block the loss of fine sand under pressure, ensure the flexible contact area between the precast slab and the cushion block, and avoid the reduction of the bearing area. Since the structure of the bamboo glue board is relatively softer than that of the precast cushion block, when it contacts the precast slab, the loss to the precast slab is smaller.

[0064] Preferably, in another embodiment, a sand-filling groove recessed into the inside of the cushion block is provided at the top of the cushion block. When laying fine sand on the top of the cushion block, it includes:

[0065] A retaining wall for preventing the loss of fine sand is arranged around the inner edge of the sand-filling groove;

[0066] Fine sand is laid in the sand-filling groove surrounded by the retaining wall.

[0067] Further, before arranging the retaining wall for preventing the loss of fine sand around the inner edge of the sand-filling groove, it includes:

[0068] Temporary fixing materials are filled between the retaining wall and the sand-filling groove.

[0069] The sand-filling area is a sand-filling groove recessed from the top of the cushion block into its inside, where the depth of the sand-filling groove does not exceed 5 cm. As mentioned above, when the cushion block is under the pressure of the precast slab it supports, the fine sand will show a natural slope phenomenon under the pressure. If the fine sand flows away, the area of the fine sand laying will be reduced, resulting in a decrease in the contact area with the precast slab, that is, the bearing area is reduced, affecting the force-bearing effect of the precast slab on the top of the cushion block. By setting the sand-filling area as a groove, when the fine sand is naturally sloped under pressure, the side wall of the sand-filling groove can block the flow of the fine sand. Correspondingly, in order to achieve the flexible contact between the cushion block and the precast slab, the top of the fine sand is higher than the upper edge of the sand-filling groove. Under the pressure of the fine sand, a part of the higher fine sand flows to the outside of the upper edge of the groove, forming a bearing area in contact with the precast slab with the fine sand inside the groove, which can increase the flexible contact area. Further, in the present application, temporary fixing materials (preferably clay) are laid on the bottom edge of the sand-filling groove. The clay does not exceed the upper edge of the groove. A bamboo glue board is placed on the clay. Fine sand is laid in the area surrounded by the bamboo glue board, and the outside of the bamboo glue board is in contact with the side wall of the sand-filling groove. Then, when the fine sand is under pressure and presses on the bamboo glue board, the side wall of the sand-filling groove can provide a supporting force for the bamboo glue board. Preferably, the thickness of the clay laid on the bottom edge of the sand-filling groove does not exceed 3 cm, and the height of the bamboo glue board placed on the clay does not exceed 4 cm, ensuring that there is enough contact area between the bamboo glue board and the side wall of the sand-filling groove, so that the side wall of the sand-filling groove can provide sufficient supporting force for the bamboo glue board when the fine sand is under pressure and presses on the bamboo glue board.

[0070] In summary, the cushion block for precast slabs and the method for storing precast slabs in layers provided by the present application have the following beneficial effects:

[0071] (1) The cushion block for precast slabs and the method for storing precast slabs in layers provided by the embodiments of the present application. The cushion block can be precast using the surplus concrete materials of on-site precast slabs or other concrete materials, saving material costs. Since it can be precast on-site simultaneously with the precast slabs, the transportation of the cushion block is avoided, saving the time for storing precast slabs in layers. The concrete precast cushion block provides a rigid support for the upper precast slab, and a sand filling area for laying fine sand is provided at the top of the cushion block to ensure flexible contact between the cushion block and the upper precast slab.

[0072] (2) The cushion block for precast slabs and the method for storing precast slabs in layers provided by the embodiments of the present application. The fine sand laid in the sand filling area can be obtained from the construction site. The fine sand can be directly obtained from the construction site, which can be the surplus materials of the precast slabs or other sandy materials on-site. This improves the efficiency of storing precast slabs in layers and also saves material costs.

[0073] (3) The cushion block for precast slabs and the method for storing precast slabs in layers provided by the embodiments of the present application. A retaining wall for preventing the loss of fine sand is provided around the edge of the sand filling area, which can ensure the flexible contact area between the upper precast slab and the cushion block.

[0074] (4) The cushion block for precast slabs and the method for storing precast slabs in layers provided by the embodiments of the present application. The hollow box-shaped cushion block can accommodate the lifting rings of the precast slabs. When the cushion block is placed on the lifting rings, a shear structure is formed inside the cushion block by the lifting rings, so that the precast slab on the top of the cushion block can be stably placed on the cushion block, avoiding the sliding of the precast slab during and after stacking.

[0075] The above are only some embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for stacking precast slabs, characterized in that, Including: Covering a spacer block with a hollow bottom made of box-shaped concrete on the lifting rings of the lower precast slab; A sand filling area is provided at the top of the spacer block, a retaining wall for preventing fine sand from flowing away is arranged around the edge of the sand filling area, the retaining wall is fixed in a groove at the top of the spacer block, and fine sand is laid in the sand filling area surrounded by the retaining wall; Placing the upper precast slab on the spacer block paved with the fine sand.

2. The method for stacking and storing precast slabs according to claim 1, wherein The height of the retaining wall is 3 - 5 cm.

3. The method for stacking and storing precast slabs according to claim 2, wherein The height of the retaining wall is 4 cm.

4. The method for stacking and storing precast slabs according to claim 1, characterized in that, The retaining wall is made of bamboo plywood.

5. The method for stacking and storing precast slabs according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the spacer block is open, and the hollowing height is 10 - 25 cm.

6. The method for stacking and storing precast slabs according to claim 5, characterized in that, The hollowing height is 20 cm.

7. The method for stacking and storing precast slabs according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spacer block is a cube, and the size of the spacer block does not exceed 35 cm.

8. The method for stacking and storing precast slabs according to claim 7, characterized in that, The size of the spacer block is 30 cm × 30 cm × 30 cm.

9. The method for stacking and storing precast slabs according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before fixing the retaining wall in the groove at the top of the spacer block, it includes: Filling temporary fixing materials between the retaining wall and the groove.

10. The method for stacking and storing precast slabs according to claim 1, characterized in that, After placing the upper precast slab on the spacer block paved with the fine sand, it includes: Repeating the step of covering a spacer block with a hollow bottom made of box-shaped concrete on the lifting rings of the lower precast slab.

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