Three-stage brushless AC synchronous generator and rotating rectifier

Abstract

The invention relates to a three-stage brushless AC synchronous generator and a rotating rectifier. The rotating rectifier comprises a positive plate and a negative plate. The positive plate and the negative plate are two hollow discs with the same structure. Three diode mounting holes are evenly distributed on the positive plate and the negative plate. Six hollow rivet mounting holes are evenly distributed on the positive plate and the negative plate. A diode is installed in each diode mounting hole. The cathodes of the three diodes are electrically connected to the positive plate, and the anode ends of the other three diodes are electrically connected to the negative plate. Each diode is an avalanche type or a Zener type diode. Three V-shaped notches are evenly distributed on the outer periphery of the positive plate and the negative plate. The V-shaped notches correspond to the diode mounting holes of the corresponding plates one by one. The rotating rectifier also comprises three busbar components evenly distributed on the upper end of the reverse side of the positive plate. The components have good ventilation and heat dissipation properties, small size and light weight. The components are very fast and effective in absorbing magnetic field energy and suppressing voltage spikes of the excitation system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of brushless AC synchronous generator manufacturing, and in particular to a three-stage brushless AC synchronous generator and a rotating rectifier. Background Art

[0002] Whether in the field of aviation power supply or in the field of industrial power generation, in the prior art, synchronous AC generators all adopt a three-stage structure to achieve brushless operation, which can be specifically divided into a main generator stage, a rotating armature excitation generator and a rotating rectifier stage, and a permanent magnet generator stage, and the generators of the above-mentioned various stages are composed of an armature part and an excitation part.

[0003] In order to meet the function of a three-level brushless AC synchronous generator, the rotating rectifier needs to have the following requirements:

[0004] 1. The rotating rectifier can rotate at high speed along with the excitation part of the three-stage brushless AC synchronous generator, and can withstand the acceleration of several thousand G and the centrifugal force generated during high-speed operation.

[0005] 2. When the rotary rectifier runs at high speed, the speed of air circulation is accelerated to improve the heat dissipation capacity of the rotary rectifier. Therefore, the volume of the rotary rectifier cannot be too large.

[0006] 3. The rotating rectifier is required to convert the AC power generated by the rotating armature excitation generator into DC power for the main generator excitation.

[0007] 4. The rotating rectifier also needs to have the function of absorbing transient energy of the magnetic field when the motor load is suddenly added or unloaded to avoid overvoltage between the excitation windings of the main generator and reduce the power supply peak of the power supply system. At the same time, it should also have the ability to suppress or absorb the overvoltage generated by the negative sequence magnetic field in the excitation winding of the main generator.

[0008] The existing rotary rectifier uses an ordinary silicon rectifier diode in parallel with a protective resistor or capacitor to form a rectifier circuit of the rotary rectifier, wherein the ordinary silicon rectifier diode converts AC power into DC power, and the parallel protective resistor or capacitor can absorb the overvoltage generated by sudden addition and removal of the motor.

[0009] When in use, the rotating rectifier and the generator run coaxially, and the protective resistor or capacitor is electrically connected through soldering, contact resistance welding, ultrasonic welding and other welding methods; mechanical fixation is achieved through connection methods such as clips, clamps, and fixing frames; the circuit structure has many electrical connection points, a complex physical structure, and a cumbersome fixing method. There is also a hidden danger that the protective resistor or capacitor will fail due to centrifugal force during rotation. The overall reliability of the rotating rectifier is low, which in turn affects the reliability of the entire three-stage brushless AC synchronous generator; and due to the presence of the protective resistor, even in normal working conditions, the protective resistor will consume energy, causing the motor to heat up and reduce efficiency; when the load suddenly changes, the protective resistor absorbs the reverse voltage relatively slowly, resulting in a relatively high turn-to-turn voltage in the main motor excitation winding and a relatively high surge in the main motor output voltage.

[0010] At the same time, the existing rotating rectifier structure still has the following problems:

[0011] a) Most existing rotating rectifiers are semi-ring structures with uneven distribution of components. The centrifugal force is uneven during rotation, which can easily cause the rectifier to deviate to one side, thus affecting the service life of the rectifier.

[0012] b) The existing rotating rectifier has many resistors and capacitors, which results in complicated fixing methods, complex structures, large volumes and poor heat dissipation.

[0013] c) The semi-annular structure of the rotating rectifier causes the positive and negative plates to be not in the same plane. The uneven planes cause the diode pins to be of different lengths. When rotating at high speed, the longer diode pins will be deformed by the centrifugal force, thereby reducing the reliability of the diode and the rotating rectifier. Summary of the invention

[0014] The object of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art and to provide a three-stage brushless AC synchronous generator and a rotating rectifier, which have good ventilation and heat dissipation, small size and light weight; and are very quick and effective in absorbing magnetic field energy and suppressing voltage spikes in the excitation system.

[0015] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is:

[0016] A rotary rectifier comprises a positive plate and a negative plate, wherein the positive plate and the negative plate are two hollow discs with the same structure, three diode mounting holes are evenly distributed on the positive plate and the negative plate, six hollow rivet mounting holes are evenly distributed on the positive plate and the negative plate, a diode is installed in each diode mounting hole, and the cathodes of the three diodes are electrically connected to the positive plate, and the anode ends of the other three diodes are electrically connected to the negative plate, three V-shaped notches are evenly distributed on the outer circumference of the positive plate and the negative plate, and the V-shaped notches correspond to the diode mounting holes of the corresponding plates one by one; each diode is an avalanche diode or a Zener diode;

[0017] The positive plate and the negative plate are fixed at 60° by six hollow rivets with insulating films on the outside. The three diode mounting holes of the positive plate are staggered with the three diode mounting holes of the negative plate. The six hollow rivets are staggered with the six diodes.

[0018] It also includes three busbar components evenly distributed on the upper end of the back surface of the positive plate, the busbar components and the V-shaped notches on the positive plate are staggered, the busbar components include an arc-shaped busbar bracket, a busbar fixedly connected to one end of the busbar bracket, two hollow rivet mounting holes matching the hollow rivets are respectively provided at both ends of the busbar bracket, the two ends of the busbar are respectively connected to an anode end of a diode arranged on the positive plate, and a cathode end of a diode arranged on the negative plate, an exciter excitation winding wire through hole is respectively provided at the corresponding positions of the busbar bracket and the busbar, and the three excitation winding wires of the excitation machine pass through the corresponding busbar bracket and the excitation winding wire through holes on the busbar in turn along the back surface of the negative plate and are electrically connected to the excitation machine A phase voltage, the excitation machine B phase voltage, and the excitation machine C phase voltage of the exciter.

[0019] In the above-mentioned rotating rectifier, the three diode mounting holes of the positive plate and the negative plate are located on the circumference of a concentric circle concentric with the positive plate and the negative plate; the six hollow rivet mounting holes on the positive plate and the negative plate are located on the circumference of a concentric circle concentric with the positive plate and the negative plate; the center distance between the diode mounting hole and the corresponding positive plate and the negative plate is smaller than the center distance between the hollow rivet mounting hole and the corresponding positive plate and the negative plate.

[0020] In the above-mentioned rotating rectifier, each diode mounting hole and each hollow rivet mounting hole is a cylindrical structure, and each diode mounting hole and each hollow rivet mounting hole are flush with the back of the corresponding positive plate and negative plate, and the other end surface of each diode mounting hole and each hollow rivet mounting hole extends out of the front of the corresponding positive plate and negative plate; the height of the diode mounting hole matches the diode socket, the height of the diode mounting hole is H1, and the height of the hollow rivet mounting hole is H2, and the height H2 of the hollow rivet mounting hole is less than the height H1 of the diode mounting hole.

[0021] In the above-mentioned rotating rectifier, the positive plate and the negative plate are respectively provided with a pole plate rivet mounting hole, and a pole plate rivet for fixing the main rotor excitation wire is respectively installed in the pole plate rivet mounting hole.

[0022] In the above-mentioned rotary rectifier, the pole plate rivet is a hollow copper tube with silver plated on the outside, and the inner diameter of the pole plate rivet matches the main rotor excitation wire.

[0023] In the above-mentioned rotary rectifier, the busbar is provided with a hollow rivet mounting hole 3 corresponding to the hollow rivet mounting hole 2 on the busbar bracket; and an insulating baffle is integrally formed on the busbar bracket.

[0024] In the above-mentioned rotary rectifier, an insulating gasket is also provided on the hollow rivet, and the insulating gasket is located between the positive plate and the negative plate.

[0025] In the above-mentioned rotary rectifier, the positive plate and the negative plate are both provided with arc-shaped bosses on their front sides, and the cross section of the bosses is a T-shaped structural reinforcement rib, and three reinforcement ribs and three V-shaped notches are distributed alternately.

[0026] In the above-mentioned rotating rectifier, the diode includes a tube seat and a pin connected to the tube seat. The tube seat includes a metal shell section located at the bottom and an epoxy resin sealing layer connected to the upper end of the metal shell section. The diameter of the metal shell is larger than the diameter of the epoxy resin sealing layer. The height of the tube seat is H3. Epoxy resin is injected into the gap between the diode and the diode mounting hole.

[0027] A three-stage brushless AC synchronous generator comprises a generator rotor, a generator stator, a permanent magnet generator excitation part, a permanent magnet generator armature part, an exciter armature part, an exciter excitation part, a main generator excitation part, a main generator armature part, a controller and a rotating rectifier as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

[0028] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: Compared with the prior art, the utility model:

[0029] a) The structure reduces the resistors, capacitors and other components in the rectifier in the prior art, thereby simplifying the connection method and increasing reliability; the diodes are evenly distributed around the circumference, so that the centrifugal force is evenly distributed and offsets each other; the ventilation and heat dissipation are good, the volume is small, and the weight is light;

[0030] b) The rotating rectifier in the present invention adopts an avalanche or Zener diode. The reverse voltage of the avalanche or Zener diode can quickly break down after exceeding a threshold value and quickly recover after the reverse voltage drops below the threshold value. Therefore, the absorption of magnetic field energy and the suppression of voltage spikes in the excitation system are very rapid and effective; and under normal working conditions, the extremely low leakage current improves the motor efficiency and reduces the heat generation of the motor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of the rotary rectifier of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a front view of the rotary rectifier of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 It is a rear view of the rotary rectifier of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 It is a side view of the rotary rectifier of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a front view of the rotating rectifier plate of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 It is a side view of the rotating rectifier plate of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 It is a rear view of the rotating rectifier plate of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 8 It is an isometric view of the rotating rectifier plate of the present invention;

[0039] Fig. 9 This is a front view of the rotary rectifier diode of the present invention;

[0040] Fig.10 This is a front view of the positive plate and diode of the rotary rectifier of the present invention being assembled;

[0041] Fig.11 This is a left side view of the positive plate and diode of the rotary rectifier of the present invention being assembled;

[0042] Fig.12 This is a front view of the negative plate and the negative assembly of the rotating rectifier of the present invention;

[0043] Fig.13 It is a left side view of the negative plate and the negative assembly of the rotating rectifier of the present invention;

[0044] Fig.14 It is an isometric view of a busbar component of a rotating rectifier of the present invention;

[0045] Fig.15 It is an isometric view of the busbar support of the rotating rectifier of the present invention;

[0046] Fig.16 It is an isometric view of the busbar of the rotating rectifier of the present invention;

[0047] Fig.17 This is a schematic diagram of the rotary rectifier circuit of the present invention;

[0048] Fig.18 The structure diagram of the three-stage brushless AC synchronous generator of the present invention;

[0049] In the figure, 1, three-stage brushless AC synchronous generator, 2, controller, 3, generator rotor, 4, generator stator, 5, permanent magnet generator excitation part, 6, permanent magnet generator armature part, 7, exciter armature part, 8, exciter excitation part, 9, rotating rectifier, 10, main generator excitation part, 11, main generator armature part, 12, current transformer;

[0050] 901. A phase voltage of the exciter. 902. B phase voltage of the exciter. 903. C phase voltage of the exciter. 904. Positive plate. 905. Negative plate. 906. Busbar bracket. 907. Busbar. 908. Hollow rivet. 909. Diode ZD1. 910. Diode ZD2. 911. Diode ZD3. 912. Diode ZD4. 913. Diode ZD5. 914. Diode ZD6. 915. Insulating gasket. 916. Positive plate rivet mounting hole. 917. Negative plate rivet mounting hole. 918. Positive plate rivet. 919. Negative plate rivet. 920. Reinforcing rib. 921. Exciter field winding wire. 922. Insulating film. 923. Busbar component. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] Figure 1 In the figure, the rotating rectifier is composed of the negative plate 905, the negative plate rivet 919, the diode ZD4 (912), the diode ZD5 (913), the diode ZD6 (914), six insulating gaskets 915, the positive plate 904, the positive plate rivet 918, the diode ZD1 (909), the diode ZD2 (910), the diode ZD3 (911), three busbar brackets 906, three busbars 907, and six hollow rivets 908 from left to right;

[0052] Furthermore, the diode ZD4 (912), the diode ZD5 (913), the diode ZD6 (914), the diode ZD1 (909), the diode ZD2 (910), and the diode ZD3 (911) are of avalanche type or Zener type.

[0053] Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 In the figure, when the rotating rectifier is assembled, six hollow rivets 908 fix the positive plate 904, the negative plate 905, six insulating gaskets 915, three busbar brackets 906, and three busbars 907 into a whole; a layer of insulating film 922 is provided on the outer surface of the hollow rivet 908; diode ZD1 (909), diode ZD2 (910), and diode ZD3 (911) are installed on the positive plate; diode ZD4 (912), diode ZD5 (913), and diode ZD6 (914) are installed on the negative plate.

[0054] Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 In the figure, the positive electrode plate 904 and the negative electrode plate 905 are made of exactly the same material and shape.

[0055] Aluminum alloy material is selected in the design, which has the advantage of being light in weight while ensuring good strength.

[0056] The positive plate 904 and the negative plate 905 are designed to have a hollow disc structure, which has good ventilation and heat dissipation when the rotary rectifier runs at high speed, so the volume of the rotary rectifier can be very small.

[0057] There are three evenly distributed V-shaped grooves on the outer periphery of the positive plate 904 and the negative plate 905, and the diode mounting holes correspond to the V-shaped grooves one by one. The three diode mounting holes are located on a circle concentric with the positive plate 904 and the negative plate 905;

[0058] Each diode mounting hole is adjacent to two symmetrically distributed hollow rivet mounting holes 1, and six hollow rivet mounting holes 1 are on the circumference of a circle concentric with the positive plate 904 and the negative plate 905;

[0059] The center distance between the diode mounting hole and the positive plate 904 and the negative plate 905 is smaller than the center distance between the hollow rivet mounting hole 1 and the positive plate 904 and the negative plate 905;

[0060] The position arrangement of the diode mounting hole and the hollow rivet mounting hole 1 makes each diode form a V-shaped structure with two adjacent hollow rivets 908 during installation. When the rotating rectifier rotates at high speed and the diode moves outward under the action of centrifugal force, the diode needs to break free from the fixing force of the two adjacent V-shaped rivets and move. Compared with the annular arrangement of components in ordinary rotating rectifiers, this structure can better offset the deformation caused by centrifugal force, increase the fastening force of the diode, ensure the firmness of the diode, and improve the reliability of the rotating rectifier.

[0061] A circular arc-shaped boss is arranged in the hollow rivet mounting hole 1 on the front side of the positive plate 904 and the negative plate 905. The boss is a reinforcing rib 920 with a T-shaped cross section. The design of this rib not only increases the strength of the plate, but also increases the contact area with the air, thereby enhancing the heat dissipation capacity.

[0062] The back of the plate surface is designed to be flat, and the front is uneven due to the uniform distribution of diode mounting holes and hollow rivet mounting holes. The height of the diode mounting hole is H1, and the height of the hollow rivet mounting hole is H2; the height H2 of the hollow rivet mounting hole is less than half of the height H1 of the diode mounting hole. The height difference design can ensure that when the plate is assembled, the positive plate 904 and the negative plate 905 are arranged at 60° relative to each other, so that the front of the positive plate 904 and the back of the negative plate 905 are basically in the same plane, and the back of the positive plate 904 and the front of the negative plate 905 are basically in the same plane; this design not only ensures the assembly of the diode and the hollow rivet, but also reduces the volume of the rotating rectifier;

[0063] A positive plate rivet mounting hole 916 and a negative plate rivet mounting hole 917 are respectively provided on the positive plate 904 and the negative plate 905. A positive plate rivet 918 and a negative plate rivet 919 for fixing the main rotor excitation wire 921 are respectively installed in the positive plate rivet mounting hole 916 and the negative plate rivet mounting hole 917.

[0064] The positive plate rivet 918 and the negative plate rivet 919 are hollow copper tubes with silver plating on the outside, and the inner diameters of the positive plate rivet 918 and the negative plate rivet 919 match the main rotor excitation wire. During installation, the positive plate rivet 918 and the negative plate rivet 919 are riveted correspondingly in the positive plate rivet mounting hole 916 and the negative plate rivet mounting hole 917, and the rectified current is transmitted to the main rotor excitation winding through the main rotor excitation wire welded on the positive plate rivet 918 and the negative plate rivet 919; this method not only solves the problem that the pole plates of aluminum products cannot be welded, but also increases the contact area between the main rotor excitation wire 921 and the rotating rectifier, improves the conductivity, and reduces the loss caused by the welding point.

[0065] Fig. 9 In the figure, one end of the diode is a pin and the other end is a tube holder, and the height of the tube holder is H3; the lower end of the diode tube holder is about 1 / 2 H3 high, which is a metal shell, and the upper end is about 1 / 2 H3 high, which is an epoxy resin sealing layer; the diameter of the metal shell is slightly larger than the diameter of the epoxy resin sealing layer;

[0066] The pins of diodes ZD1 (909), ZD2 (910), and ZD3 (911) on the positive plate 904 are anodes, and the metal shell in the tube holder is cathode; the pins of diodes ZD4 (912), ZD5 (913), and ZD6 (914) on the negative plate 905 are cathodes, and the metal shell in the tube holder is anode.

[0067] Fig.10 , Fig.11 , Fig.12 , Fig.13In the embodiment, diodes ZD1 (909), ZD2 (910), and ZD3 (911) are arranged in three diode mounting holes evenly distributed on the positive plate 904, respectively. The metal shells of the tube holders of diodes ZD1 (909), ZD2 (910), and ZD3 (911) are press-fitted into the diode mounting holes of the positive plate 904, the bottom of the metal shells and the front of the positive plate 904 are located in the same plane, epoxy resin is poured into the gap between the epoxy resin sealing layer at the upper end of the tube holder and the diode mounting hole for reinforcement, so as to prevent the internal chip of the diode from being displaced due to the centrifugal force, the pins of diodes ZD1 (909), ZD2 (910), and ZD3 (911) are led out from the back side of the positive plate 904, the cathodes of the three diodes are connected to the metal of the positive plate 904 by press-fitting to realize electrical connection, and the three diodes are connected to a common cathode;

[0068] The diode ZD4 (912), the diode ZD5 (913), and the diode ZD6 (914) are arranged in the three diode mounting holes evenly distributed on the negative plate 905, respectively. The metal shells of the tube holders of the diode ZD4 (912), the diode ZD5 (913), and the diode ZD6 (914) are press-fitted into the diode mounting holes of the negative plate 905, the bottom of the metal shell and the back of the negative plate 905 are located in the same plane, and epoxy resin is poured into the gap between the epoxy resin sealing layer at the upper end of the tube holder and the diode mounting hole for reinforcement to prevent the internal chip of the diode from being displaced due to the centrifugal force, the pins of the diode ZD4 (912), the diode ZD5 (913), and the diode ZD6 (914) are led out from the front side of the negative plate 905, and the anodes of the three diodes are connected to the metal of the negative plate 905 by press-fitting to realize electrical connection, and the three diodes are connected to the common anode;

[0069] The height H3 of the diode holder is the same as the height H1 of the diode mounting hole in the plate. This design is to ensure that when the diode is installed on the plate, the diode mounting hole can completely wrap the diode, effectively resisting the influence of centrifugal force on the diode.

[0070] When the positive plate 904 and the negative plate 905 are installed, the front faces are relative to each other at 60° and are fixed by six hollow rivets 908. The three diode mounting holes of the positive plate 904 are staggered with the three diode mounting holes of the negative plate 905. The six hollow rivets 908 are staggered with the six diodes. The staggered arrangement of the six hollow rivets 908 and the diodes on the positive plate 904 and the negative plate 905 can ensure that each diode is fixed with two rivets around it, thereby increasing its firmness. Moreover, the front faces are relative to each other, which can ensure that the back side of the entire rotating rectifier is flat after the positive plate 904 and the negative plate 905 are installed, and the pins of the diodes are all led out from the front side of the rotating rectifier.

[0071] Fig.14 , Fig.15 , Fig.16 In the embodiment, three busbar components 923 evenly distributed on the upper end of the positive plate 904 are fixed by six hollow rivets. The busbar component 923 is formed by plastic pressing of an arc-shaped busbar bracket 906 and a busbar 907. The arc-shaped busbar bracket 906 is used to fix the busbar 907 to prevent the busbar from being deformed during high-speed rotation and to insulate the busbar 907 from the plate. The busbar 907 is used to connect the diodes on the positive and negative plates to form a rectifier bridge.

[0072] Most existing rotating rectifiers are semi-circular structures with uneven distribution of components. There are many resistors and capacitors in the rectifier bridge, and the rectifier fixing method is complicated. The diodes on the positive plate and the negative plate are not on the same plane, and the uneven planes cause the diode pins to be of different lengths. When rotating at high speed, it is necessary to consider the uneven centrifugal force on the components, the rectifier leaning to one side, the complex rectifier structure, poor heat dissipation, large size, and the deformation of the longer diode pins caused by the centrifugal force. The busbar component is used to solve the electrical connection problem between the positive and negative plate diodes, and mechanically solve the problem of deformation of the longer diode pins in the existing design.

[0073] The busbar bracket 906 is formed by plastic compression molding of insulating material. Both ends of the busbar bracket 906 are provided with a hollow rivet mounting hole 2 that matches the hollow rivet 908. During installation, each busbar bracket 906 is staggered with the V-shaped notch. The hollow rivet mounting holes 2 at both ends of the busbar bracket 906 are positioned with the two hollow rivet mounting holes 2 at the arc of the positive plate 904 to prevent each busbar bracket 906 from deviating on the plate.

[0074] The busbar support 906 is integrally formed with an inwardly extending insulating baffle, which can effectively prevent the hollow rivet mounting hole from contacting the adjacent plate, so as to avoid electrical connection between the hollow rivet mounting hole and the adjacent plate;

[0075] A bus bar 907 is also fixed to one end of the bus bar bracket 906. One end of the bus bar 907 is connected to the anode end of a diode on the positive plate, and the other end is connected to the cathode end of a diode on the negative plate. Because the bus bar component is fixed on the positive plate, the length of the diode pin can be effectively reduced, the centrifugal force on the diode pin can be reduced, and the reliability of the diode can be increased.

[0076] The busbar 907 is made of steel and is provided with a hollow rivet mounting hole 3 matching the hollow rivet 908. The hollow rivet mounting hole 3 on the busbar 907 is aligned with the hollow rivet mounting hole 2 on the busbar bracket 906 and then embedded into the busbar bracket 906 and then plastic pressed to form a busbar component. This design improves the firmness and insulation performance of the wiring piece.

[0077] An exciter excitation winding wire through hole is respectively arranged at the corresponding position of the busbar bracket 906 and the busbar 907. When the rotating rectifier is connected to the exciter, the exciter A phase voltage 901, the exciter B phase voltage 902, and the exciter C phase voltage 903 are inputted in three directions through the exciter excitation winding wire, and are sequentially welded from the negative plate 904 of the rotating rectifier through the corresponding exciter excitation winding wire through holes on the busbar bracket 906 and the busbar 907 to the three busbars 907. This can prevent the traction force of the exciter excitation winding wire from preventing the rotating rectifier from moving laterally when the rotating rectifier is subjected to lateral flipping.

[0078] An insulating gasket is also provided on the hollow rivet 908, and the insulating gasket is located between the positive plate 904 and the negative plate 905;

[0079] Fig.17 In the embodiment, the cathode of diode ZD1 (909), diode ZD2 (910) and diode ZD3 (911) are connected to the positive plate 904; the anode of diode ZD4 (912), diode ZD5 (913) and diode ZD6 (914) are connected to the negative plate 905; the anode terminal of diode ZD1 (909) is electrically connected to the cathode terminal of diode ZD4 (912) through a bus bar; the anode terminal of diode ZD2 (910) is electrically connected to the cathode terminal of diode ZD5 (913) through a bus bar; and the anode terminal of diode ZD3 (911) is electrically connected to the cathode terminal of diode ZD6 (914) through a bus bar.

[0080] Fig.18 In the figure, the three-stage brushless AC synchronous generator includes a generator rotor 3, a generator stator 4, a permanent magnet generator excitation part 5, a permanent magnet generator armature part 6, an exciter armature part 7, an exciter excitation part 8, a main generator excitation part 10, a main generator armature part 11, a controller 2 and a rotating rectifier.

[0081] The surge absorption by the rotary rectifier in the present invention will be described below.

[0082] (1) When the motor load is suddenly unloaded, since the magnetic field energy inside the motor cannot be effectively released, a very high voltage surge will be induced between the turns of the main generator excitation winding and the output end. This surge voltage is applied between the positive and negative poles of the rotating rectifier. After exceeding 2 times (full bridge, half bridge is 1 times) the breakdown voltage of the avalanche or Zener diode, the three full bridge arms will simultaneously reversely break down, and the breakdown current can increase linearly to about 6 times the rated on-state current of a single tube, quickly consuming the magnetic field energy. The voltage at the end of the main generator excitation winding is embedded at 2 times the breakdown voltage of the avalanche or Zener diode, which significantly reduces the output voltage spike of the main generator.

[0083] (2) When the motor operates asymmetrically, the negative sequence current will generate an induced voltage of twice the rated frequency in the main generator excitation winding. The positive half-wave of this voltage exceeds the breakdown voltage of the avalanche or Zener diode by 2 times (full bridge, half bridge is 1 times), which will also cause the three full bridge arms to have reverse breakdown at the same time, while the negative half-wave will be in a normal rectification state or forward conduction state of all three full bridge arms depending on the ratio of the output resistance of the rotating armature exciter and the resistance of the main generator excitation winding and the size of their respective reactances, thereby suppressing the overvoltage and negative sequence magnetic field between the excitation windings.

[0084] (3) When the rotating rectifier works normally, the spike generated at the commutation moment during the rectification process will be released through the reverse breakdown of the avalanche or Zener diode connected to the non-conducting bridge arm, thereby improving the electromagnetic compatibility of the motor.

[0085] It will be easily understood by those skilled in the art that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rotary rectifier, characterized in that: The invention comprises a positive plate (904) and a negative plate (905), wherein the positive plate (904) and the negative plate (905) are two hollow discs with the same structure, and three diode mounting holes are evenly distributed on the positive plate (904) and the negative plate (905). Six hollow rivet mounting holes are also evenly distributed on the positive plate (904) and the negative plate (905). A diode is installed in each diode mounting hole, and the cathodes of the three diodes are electrically connected to the positive plate, and the anode ends of the other three diodes are electrically connected to the negative plate. Three V-shaped notches are evenly distributed on the outer periphery of the positive plate (904) and the negative plate (905), and the V-shaped notches correspond to the diode mounting holes of the corresponding plates one by one. Each diode is an avalanche diode or a Zener diode. The positive plate (904) and the negative plate (905) are fixed at 60° in an interlaced manner by six hollow rivets (908) provided with insulating films (922) on the outside, with the front faces facing each other; the three diode mounting holes of the positive plate (904) and the three diode mounting holes of the negative plate (905) are arranged in an interlaced manner; and the six hollow rivets (908) and the six diodes are arranged in an interlaced manner; The device also includes three busbar components (923) evenly distributed on the upper end of the back surface of the positive electrode plate (904), the busbar components (923) and the V-shaped notches on the positive electrode plate (904) are staggered, the busbar component (923) includes an arc-shaped busbar bracket (906), a busbar (907) fixedly connected to one end of the busbar bracket (906), and two hollow rivet mounting holes (908) matching the hollow rivet (908) are respectively provided at both ends of the busbar bracket (906), and the two ends of the busbar (907) are respectively connected to a hollow rivet (908). An anode end of a diode is placed on the positive plate, and a cathode end of a diode is placed on the negative plate. An exciter excitation winding wire through hole is respectively arranged at corresponding positions of a busbar support (906) and a busbar (907). Three exciter excitation winding wires respectively pass through the exciter excitation winding wire through holes on the corresponding busbar support (906) and the busbar (907) along the back side of the negative plate in sequence to be electrically connected to the exciter A phase voltage (901), the exciter B phase voltage (902), and the exciter C phase voltage (903) of the exciter.

2. A rotary rectifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three diode mounting holes of the positive plate (904) and the negative plate (905) are located on the circumference of a concentric circle concentric with the positive plate (904) and the negative plate (905); the six hollow rivet mounting holes on the positive plate (904) and the negative plate (905) are located on the circumference of a concentric circle concentric with the positive plate (904) and the negative plate (905); and the center distance between the diode mounting holes and the corresponding positive plate (904) and the negative plate (905) is smaller than the center distance between the hollow rivet mounting hole and the corresponding positive plate (904) and the negative plate (905).

3. A rotary rectifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each diode mounting hole and each hollow rivet mounting hole 1 is a cylindrical structure; an end face of each diode mounting hole and each hollow rivet mounting hole 1 is flush with the back of the corresponding positive plate (904) and negative plate (905); the other end face of each diode mounting hole and each hollow rivet mounting hole 1 extends out of the front of the corresponding positive plate (904) and negative plate (905); the height of the diode mounting hole matches the diode socket, the height of the diode mounting hole is H1, the height of the hollow rivet mounting hole 1 is H2, and the height H2 of the hollow rivet mounting hole 1 is less than the height H1 of the diode mounting hole.

4. A rotary rectifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positive plate (904) and the negative plate (905) are also each provided with a pole plate rivet mounting hole, and a pole plate rivet for fixing the main rotor excitation wire is respectively mounted in the pole plate rivet mounting hole.

5. A rotary rectifier according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pole plate rivet is a hollow copper tube with silver plated on the outside, and the inner diameter of the pole plate rivet matches the main rotor excitation wire.

6. A rotary rectifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bus bar (907) is provided with a hollow rivet mounting hole three corresponding to the hollow rivet mounting hole two on the bus bar bracket (906); and an insulating baffle is integrally formed on the bus bar bracket (906).

7. A rotary rectifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: An insulating gasket is also provided on the hollow rivet (908), and the insulating gasket is located between the positive electrode plate (904) and the negative electrode plate (905).

8. A rotary rectifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positive electrode plate (904) and the negative electrode plate (905) are evenly distributed on their front sides with arc-shaped bosses, the cross-section of the bosses being T-shaped structural reinforcement ribs (920), and three reinforcement ribs (920) and three V-shaped notches being distributed alternately.

9. A rotary rectifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diode includes a tube seat and a pin connected to the tube seat. The tube seat includes a metal shell section located at the bottom and an epoxy resin sealing layer connected to the upper end of the metal shell section. The diameter of the metal shell is larger than the diameter of the epoxy resin sealing layer. The tube seat height is H3. Epoxy resin is injected into the gap between the diode and the diode mounting hole.

10. A three-stage brushless AC synchronous generator, characterized in that: The invention comprises a generator rotor (3), a generator stator (4), a permanent magnet generator excitation part (5), a permanent magnet generator armature part (6), an exciter armature part (7), an exciter excitation part (8), a main generator excitation part (10), a main generator armature part (11), a controller (2), and a rotating rectifier according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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