Automatic accuracy verification mechanism and verification method for full-size measurement device of vehicle wheelset
By designing an automatic verification mechanism, using servo motor and transmission gearbox to drive the verification shaft to rotate, measure the wheel contact verification profile curve, automatically collect and compare data, and calculate the correction coefficient, the vehicle wheelset measurement accuracy in the prior art is solved The verification space occupied by large, cumbersome and low efficiency has achieved an efficient and accurate automated verification process.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202010606515.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2020-06-29
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-31
- Estimated Expiration
- 2040-06-29
AI Technical Summary
The accuracy calibration method of the existing vehicle wheel pair full-size measurement device has problems such as large space occupation, cumbersome operation, low efficiency, accuracy and repetition, and has high requirements for the operator's professionalism, which affects the accuracy of the calibration results. and security.
An automatic accuracy verification mechanism for vehicle wheel pair full-size measurement device is designed, including a base, servo motor, transmission gear box, verification shaft, polygon verification wheel and equivalent taper verification wheel, which is driven by servo motor The shaft rotation and the measurement wheel contact check the profile curve, automatically collect and compare data, calculate the correction coefficient to automatically verify the measurement accuracy.
It realizes automated verification processes such as space saving, simple operation, high calibration efficiency, high accuracy and good repeatability, reduces manual intervention, improves calibration accuracy and safety, and reduces the requirements for operators' professionalism. .
Smart Images
Figure CN111623740B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of numerical control lathe calibration, and in particular to an automatic accuracy calibration mechanism for a vehicle wheel set full-size measuring device and a calibration method thereof. Background Art
[0002] At present, the wheel tread shaping and processing equipment for domestic rail transit vehicles is mainly based on underfloor wheelset lathes. In the process of underfloor wheelset lathes shaping and processing the wheel treads of rail transit vehicles, it is necessary to use an automatic measuring device installed on the tool holder of the underfloor wheelset lathe. The device can measure the wheel tread when necessary and obtain relevant data to verify the geometric accuracy of the wheel tread processing. At the same time, for passenger locomotives and EMU wheelsets with high precision requirements, it is also necessary to measure the equivalent taper and wheel polygon data of the wheel tread. When the measurement accuracy of the underfloor wheelset lathe changes, the geometric shape of the processed tread will be distorted, and the equivalent taper and wheel polygon will be out of tolerance, which will seriously affect the smoothness of the train operation and threaten the safety of the train operation. The measurement accuracy of the full-size measuring device of the underfloor wheelset lathe directly affects the geometric accuracy of the wheel tread processing. Therefore, it is necessary to regularly calibrate the measurement accuracy of the full-size measuring device of the vehicle wheelset, and obtain the corresponding correction coefficient through calibration to restore the measurement accuracy of the measuring device.
[0003] The existing vehicle wheelset full-size measuring device has a method for calibrating the accuracy of the wheelset, which is to clamp a standard wheelset with known geometric dimensions and equivalent taper values and a standard wheelset with known wheel polygon values on the wheelset processing positions of the underfloor wheelset lathe, respectively, and measure the wheelset using the automatic measuring device of the underfloor wheelset lathe, compare the measured result values with the corresponding values of the known standard wheelset, obtain the corresponding correction coefficient and restore the measuring accuracy of the measuring device.
[0004] The existing calibration methods have the following main shortcomings: (1) The weight and size of the existing standard wheelsets used for calibration are comparable to those of the actual vehicle wheelsets. The placement of the standard wheelsets requires a large space and places high demands on the work site.
[0005] (2) The operation is cumbersome. The standard wheelset needs to be transported manually from the designated placement location to the wheel-free lathe. The standard wheelset needs to be replaced manually during the calibration process. After the calibration, the standard wheelset needs to be transported back to its original location manually. Bumps and collisions are inevitable during transportation. If the surface of the standard wheelset is damaged, the calibration accuracy will be affected. There is also a risk of improper placement and damage to the equipment during transportation.
[0006] (3) The calibration efficiency is low, and the accuracy and repeatability are average. The transportation and clamping process of the standard wheelset is time-consuming and labor-intensive. The entire calibration process requires a lot of manpower and requires a high level of professionalism from the operators. The diameter of the standard wheelset is large and can generally only be formed by turning. However, the large errors that still exist after processing will have a certain impact on the calibration results. The repeated clamping process will also affect the calibration accuracy and repeatability.
[0007] Therefore, how to provide a convenient, fast, high-precision and process-automated method for measuring the accuracy of a wheeled lathe has become an urgent problem that technicians in this field need to solve. Summary of the invention
[0008] Aiming at the shortcomings of the existing vehicle wheel set full-size measuring device accuracy calibration method, the present invention provides a vehicle wheel set full-size measuring device accuracy automatic calibration mechanism and a calibration method thereof, and the technical solution adopted is:
[0009] The invention discloses an automatic precision calibration mechanism for a full-size measuring device for a vehicle wheelset, comprising a base, a servo motor, a transmission gear box, a calibration shaft, a polygonal calibration wheel and an equivalent taper calibration wheel. The base is arranged on a main body of a wheelbed, the transmission gear box is connected to the base, the output shaft of the servo motor is connected to an input end of the transmission gear box, the calibration shaft is fixedly connected to the transmission gear box, and the calibration shaft is rotatably connected to the base, the polygonal calibration wheels are axially symmetrically arranged at both ends of the calibration shaft, and the equivalent taper calibration wheels are axially symmetrically arranged on both sides of the calibration shaft.
[0010] The output shaft of the servo motor is connected to the input end of the transmission gear box through a key, the calibration shaft is connected to the output end of the transmission gear box through a key, and the calibration shaft is installed in the bearing hole of the base through a bearing and can rotate flexibly.
[0011] Furthermore, the polygonal calibration wheel is a cylinder.
[0012] Furthermore, the outer surface of the equivalent taper calibration wheel is composed of circles with different diameters, and the outer circumference is a free curved surface forming a trumpet shape, and the circular trumpets with larger diameters of the left and right equivalent taper calibration wheels are arranged opposite to each other.
[0013] Furthermore, the inner side surface of the left polygonal calibration wheel is the left calibration reference surface, the inner side surface of the right polygonal calibration wheel is the right calibration reference surface, the inner circle of the left equivalent taper calibration wheel is the left calibration reference circle, and the inner circle of the right equivalent taper calibration wheel is the right calibration reference circle, wherein the vertical spacing value between the left calibration reference surface and the right calibration reference surface is L, the diameter of the left calibration reference circle is DL, and the diameter of the right calibration reference circle is DR.
[0014] The spacing value L, the diameter value DL of the left calibration reference circle, the diameter value DR of the right calibration reference circle, the equivalent taper value of the left equivalent taper calibration wheel, the equivalent taper value of the right equivalent taper calibration wheel, the polygon value of the left polygon calibration wheel, and the polygon value of the right polygon calibration wheel are all fixed values measured by high-precision professional measuring tools.
[0015] The automatic calibration method for the accuracy of the vehicle wheel set full-size measuring device is as follows:
[0016] The first step: use the left axial measuring wheel of the left measuring device of the underfloor wheel lathe to contact the left calibration reference surface, and the right axial measuring wheel of the right measuring device to contact the right calibration reference surface. Store the coordinate data of the left and right calibration reference surfaces measured by the measuring device at this time and safely retract the left measuring device and the right measuring device. Through data calculation and comparison, compare the spacing value calculated by the coordinate data of the two calibration reference surfaces measured by the left and right measuring devices with the known spacing value L between the left calibration reference surface and the right calibration reference surface to obtain the axial measuring wheel correction coefficient α.
[0017] Step 2: Make the left radial measuring wheel of the left measuring device contact the left calibration reference circle, and at the same time make the right radial measuring wheel of the right measuring device contact the right calibration reference circle; the servo motor drives the calibration shaft to rotate a specified number of circles until the measuring device measures the left calibration reference circle diameter and the right calibration reference circle diameter, and stores the left calibration reference circle diameter and the right calibration reference circle diameter data measured by the measuring device at this time, and compares them with the known DL value and DR value respectively to obtain the radial measuring wheel correction coefficient β.
[0018] Step 3: Let the left radial measuring wheel of the left measuring device contact and scan along the contour curve of the left equivalent taper calibration wheel until the left radial measuring wheel sweeps the entire contour curve on the left equivalent taper calibration wheel, and let the right radial measuring wheel of the right measuring device contact and scan along the contour curve of the right equivalent taper calibration wheel until the right radial measuring wheel sweeps the entire contour curve on the right equivalent taper calibration wheel; store the left equivalent taper value and the right equivalent taper value measured by the measuring device at this time; safely retract the left measuring device and the right measuring device, compare the left equivalent taper value and the right equivalent taper value with the known equivalent taper value of the equivalent taper calibration wheel, and obtain the equivalent taper measurement correction coefficient γ.
[0019] Step 4: contact the left radial measuring wheel of the left measuring device to the left polygon verification wheel, and at the same time, contact the right radial measuring wheel of the right measuring device to the right polygon verification wheel; drive the verification shaft with a servo motor to rotate a specified number of circles until the measuring device can measure the left polygon value and the right polygon value data, store the left polygon value and the right polygon value data measured by the measuring device at this time, and compare the left polygon value and the right polygon value data with the known polygon value of the left polygon verification wheel and the polygon value of the right polygon verification wheel respectively to obtain the polygon measurement correction coefficient δ.
[0020] Step 5: Automatically import the axial measuring wheel correction coefficient α, radial measuring wheel correction coefficient β, equivalent taper measurement correction coefficient γ and polygon measurement correction coefficient δ obtained above into the CNC system of the underfloor wheel lathe and replace the original axial measuring wheel correction coefficient α, radial measuring wheel correction coefficient β, equivalent taper measurement correction coefficient γ and polygon measurement correction coefficient δ. At this point, the automatic verification of the full-size measurement accuracy of the underfloor wheel lathe is completed.
[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The present invention can completely replace the traditional standard calibration wheelset, and occupies less space, does not affect the processing of wheelsets on the wheelless lathe, does not occupy additional on-site space, and has no special requirements for the work site.
[0022] (2) The operation is simple and can simultaneously calibrate the axial measuring wheel correction factor α, radial measuring wheel correction factor β, equivalent taper measurement correction factor γ and polygon measurement correction factor δ. The entire calibration process is completed automatically. The process is safe and reliable and does not require manual intervention.
[0023] (3) The present invention is designed to be integrated with the machine tool, and does not require repeated transportation and clamping. The operator only needs to pay attention to the entire calibration process in a timely manner, and the operator's professional level is not required to be high. The calibration efficiency is high, the accuracy is high, and the repeatability is good. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0024] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the automatic accuracy verification mechanism of the vehicle wheelset full-size measurement device of the present invention;
[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the equivalent taper calibration process of the automatic accuracy calibration mechanism of the vehicle wheelset full-size measuring device of the present invention;
[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the radial measuring wheel and polygonal measurement verification process of the automatic accuracy verification mechanism of the vehicle wheel set full-size measurement device of the present invention;
[0027] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the polygonal calibration wheel of the present invention;
[0028] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the equivalent taper calibration wheel of the present invention.
[0029] Figure numerals: 1, base; 2, servo motor; 3, transmission gear box; 4, calibration shaft; 5, polygonal calibration wheel; 51, reference surface; 6, equivalent taper calibration wheel; 61, reference circle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0030] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0031] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the present invention discloses an automatic precision calibration mechanism for a full-size measuring device for a vehicle wheel set, comprising a base 1, a servo motor 2, a transmission gear box 3, a calibration shaft 4, a polygonal calibration wheel 5 and an equivalent taper calibration wheel 6. The base 1 is arranged on a main body of a wheel-free lathe, the transmission gear box 3 is connected to the base 1, the output shaft of the servo motor 2 is connected to the input end of the transmission gear box 3, the calibration shaft 4 is fixedly connected to the transmission gear box 3, and the calibration shaft 4 is rotatably connected to the base 1, the polygonal calibration wheel 5 is axially symmetrically arranged at the two end ends of the calibration shaft 4, and the equivalent taper calibration wheel 6 is axially symmetrically arranged on both sides of the calibration shaft.
[0032] The output shaft of the servo motor 2 is connected to the input end of the transmission gear box 3 through a key, the calibration shaft 4 is connected to the output end of the transmission gear box 3 through a key, and the calibration shaft 4 is installed in the bearing hole of the base 1 through a bearing and can rotate flexibly.
[0033] Furthermore, the polygonal calibration wheel 5 is a cylinder.
[0034] Furthermore, the outer surface of the equivalent taper calibration wheel 6 is composed of circles with different diameters, and the outer circumference is a free curved surface forming a trumpet shape, and the circular trumpets with larger diameters of the left and right equivalent taper calibration wheels are arranged opposite to each other.
[0035] Furthermore, the inner side surface of the left polygonal calibration wheel is the left calibration reference surface, the inner side surface of the right polygonal calibration wheel is the right calibration reference surface, the inner circle of the left equivalent taper calibration wheel is the left calibration reference circle, and the inner circle of the right equivalent taper calibration wheel is the right calibration reference circle, wherein the vertical spacing value between the left calibration reference surface and the right calibration reference surface is L, the diameter of the left calibration reference circle is DL, and the diameter of the right calibration reference circle is DR.
[0036] The spacing value L, the diameter value DL of the left calibration reference circle, the diameter value DR of the right calibration reference circle, the equivalent taper value of the left equivalent taper calibration wheel, the equivalent taper value of the right equivalent taper calibration wheel, the polygon value of the left polygon calibration wheel, and the polygon value of the right polygon calibration wheel are all fixed values measured by high-precision professional measuring tools.
[0037] The automatic calibration method for the accuracy of the vehicle wheel set full-size measuring device is as follows:
[0038] The first step: use the left axial measuring wheel of the left measuring device of the underfloor wheel lathe to contact the left calibration reference surface, and the right axial measuring wheel of the right measuring device to contact the right calibration reference surface. Store the coordinate data of the left and right calibration reference surfaces measured by the measuring device at this time and safely retract the left measuring device and the right measuring device. Through data calculation and comparison, compare the spacing value calculated by the coordinate data of the two calibration reference surfaces measured by the left and right measuring devices with the known spacing value L between the left calibration reference surface and the right calibration reference surface to obtain the axial measuring wheel correction coefficient α.
[0039] Step 2: Make the left radial measuring wheel of the left measuring device contact the left calibration reference circle, and at the same time make the right radial measuring wheel of the right measuring device contact the right calibration reference circle; the servo motor drives the calibration shaft to rotate a specified number of circles until the measuring device measures the left calibration reference circle diameter and the right calibration reference circle diameter, and stores the left calibration reference circle diameter and the right calibration reference circle diameter data measured by the measuring device at this time, and compares them with the known DL value and DR value respectively to obtain the radial measuring wheel correction coefficient β.
[0040] Step 3: Let the left radial measuring wheel of the left measuring device contact and scan along the contour curve of the left equivalent taper calibration wheel until the left radial measuring wheel sweeps the entire contour curve on the left equivalent taper calibration wheel, and let the right radial measuring wheel of the right measuring device contact and scan along the contour curve of the right equivalent taper calibration wheel until the right radial measuring wheel sweeps the entire contour curve on the right equivalent taper calibration wheel; store the left equivalent taper value and the right equivalent taper value measured by the measuring device at this time; safely retract the left measuring device and the right measuring device, compare the left equivalent taper value and the right equivalent taper value with the known equivalent taper value of the equivalent taper calibration wheel, and obtain the equivalent taper measurement correction coefficient γ.
[0041] Step 4: contact the left radial measuring wheel of the left measuring device to the left polygon verification wheel, and at the same time, contact the right radial measuring wheel of the right measuring device to the right polygon verification wheel; drive the verification shaft with a servo motor to rotate a specified number of circles until the measuring device can measure the left polygon value and the right polygon value data, store the left polygon value and the right polygon value data measured by the measuring device at this time, and compare the left polygon value and the right polygon value data with the known polygon value of the left polygon verification wheel and the polygon value of the right polygon verification wheel respectively to obtain the polygon measurement correction coefficient δ.
[0042] Step 5: Automatically import the axial measuring wheel correction coefficient α, radial measuring wheel correction coefficient β, equivalent taper measurement correction coefficient γ and polygon measurement correction coefficient δ obtained above into the CNC system of the underfloor wheel lathe and replace the original axial measuring wheel correction coefficient α, radial measuring wheel correction coefficient β, equivalent taper measurement correction coefficient γ and polygon measurement correction coefficient δ. At this point, the automatic verification of the full-size measurement accuracy of the underfloor wheel lathe is completed.
[0043] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A method for calibrating the accuracy automatic calibration mechanism of a vehicle wheel set full-size measuring device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a base, a servo motor, a transmission gear box, a calibration shaft, a polygonal calibration wheel and an equivalent taper calibration wheel, wherein the base is arranged on a main body of an underfloor wheel lathe, the transmission gear box is connected to the base, the output shaft of the servo motor is connected to the input end of the transmission gear box, the calibration shaft is fixedly connected to the transmission gear box, and the calibration shaft is rotatably connected to the base, the polygonal calibration wheels are axially symmetrically arranged at the two end heads of the calibration shaft, the equivalent taper calibration wheels are axially symmetrically arranged on both sides of the calibration shaft, the inner side surface of the left polygonal calibration wheel is a left calibration reference surface, the inner side surface of the right polygonal calibration wheel is a right calibration reference surface, the inner circle of the left equivalent taper calibration wheel is a left calibration reference circle, and the inner circle of the right equivalent taper calibration wheel is a right calibration reference circle, wherein the vertical spacing value between the left calibration reference surface and the right calibration reference surface is L, the diameter of the left calibration reference circle is DL, and the diameter of the right calibration reference circle is DR, and the calibration method using the automatic calibration mechanism of the vehicle wheel set full-size measuring device comprises the following steps: Step 1: Use the left axial measuring wheel of the left measuring device of the underfloor wheel lathe to contact the left calibration reference surface, and the right axial measuring wheel of the right measuring device to contact the right calibration reference surface, store the coordinate data of the left and right calibration reference surfaces measured by the measuring device at this time, and safely retract the left measuring device and the right measuring device, and compare the spacing value calculated by the coordinate data of the two calibration reference surfaces measured by the left and right measuring devices with the known spacing value L between the left calibration reference surface and the right calibration reference surface through data calculation and comparison, and obtain the axial measuring wheel correction coefficient α; Step 2: The left radial measuring wheel of the left measuring device is brought into contact with the left calibration reference circle, and the right radial measuring wheel of the right measuring device is brought into contact with the right calibration reference circle; the servo motor drives the calibration shaft to rotate a specified number of circles until the measuring device measures the left calibration reference circle diameter and the right calibration reference circle diameter, stores the left calibration reference circle diameter and the right calibration reference circle diameter data measured by the measuring device at this time, and compares them with the known DL value and DR value respectively to obtain the radial measuring wheel correction coefficient β; Step 3: Let the left radial measuring wheel of the left measuring device contact and scan along the contour curve of the left equivalent taper calibration wheel until the left radial measuring wheel sweeps the entire contour curve on the left equivalent taper calibration wheel, let the right radial measuring wheel of the right measuring device contact and scan along the contour curve of the right equivalent taper calibration wheel until the right radial measuring wheel sweeps the entire contour curve on the right equivalent taper calibration wheel; store the left equivalent taper value and the right equivalent taper value measured by the measuring device at this time; safely retract the left measuring device and the right measuring device, compare the left equivalent taper value and the right equivalent taper value with the known equivalent taper value of the equivalent taper calibration wheel, and obtain the equivalent taper measurement correction coefficient γ; Step 4: contact the left radial measuring wheel of the left measuring device to the left polygonal calibration wheel, and at the same time contact the right radial measuring wheel of the right measuring device to the right polygonal calibration wheel; The servo motor drives the check shaft to rotate a specified number of circles until the measuring device can measure the left polygon value and the right polygon value data, stores the left polygon value and the right polygon value data measured by the measuring device at this time, and compares the left polygon value and the right polygon value data with the known polygon value of the left polygon check wheel and the polygon value of the right polygon check wheel respectively to obtain the polygon measurement correction coefficient δ; Step 5: Automatically import the axial measuring wheel correction coefficient α, radial measuring wheel correction coefficient β, equivalent taper measurement correction coefficient γ and polygon measurement correction coefficient δ obtained above into the CNC system of the underfloor wheel lathe and replace the original axial measuring wheel correction coefficient α, radial measuring wheel correction coefficient β, equivalent taper measurement correction coefficient γ and polygon measurement correction coefficient δ. At this point, the automatic verification of the full-size measurement accuracy of the underfloor wheel lathe is completed.
2. The calibration method of the automatic accuracy calibration mechanism of the vehicle wheelset full-size measuring device according to claim 1 is characterized by: The polygonal calibration wheel is a cylinder.
3. The calibration method of the automatic accuracy calibration mechanism of the vehicle wheelset full-size measuring device according to claim 1 is characterized by: The outer surface of the equivalent taper calibration wheel is composed of circles with different diameters, and the outer circumference is a free curved surface surrounded by a trumpet shape. The left equivalent taper calibration wheel and the right equivalent taper calibration wheel have circular trumpets with larger diameters arranged opposite to each other.