A multi-product constant-quality reducer, reducer device and reducer method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a multi-product fixed-quality reducer, a reducer device and a reducer method, wherein the parts of the reducer located on both sides of the material cutting direction are discarding ports, and the parts between the two discarding ports are divided into a plurality of sample retaining ports; the width of each sample retaining port can be automatically adjusted; the reducer device includes a body, and the above-mentioned reducer is movably mounted on the body; the discharge port of the feeding device faces the cutting port of the reducer; and the controller is connected to the feeding device and the reducer respectively. The reducer device has a high degree of automation, and can comprehensively adjust the reduction ratio by controlling the width of the sample retaining port and the residence time of the sample retaining port under the feeding device when the material vertically enters the sample retaining port, and can automatically adjust the reduction ratio while ensuring that parameters such as the residence time and cutting frequency meet the national standard requirements; the number of samples retained for reduction can be increased or decreased according to demand. The speed of reciprocating cutting above the discarding port is more stable, and fixed-quality reduction is truly realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of solid particle reduction, and in particular to a multi-product constant-mass reduction device, a reduction device and a reduction method. Background Art

[0002] The quality of solid particles needs to be tested during production, trade, and use. The testing process requires that a large sample of solid particles be crushed to a certain particle diameter and then reduced to several small samples with equal representativeness. The purpose of sample reduction is to reduce the workload of subsequent crushing or the transportation volume of the original sample and speed up the processing speed of the sample while ensuring the reliability of the sample. Fixed-weight reduction is a reduction method that retains the expected weight sample and is independent of the mass of the reduced sample, that is, the weight of the solid particles retained after reduction is a certain value, and the reduction ratio is adjusted according to the weight of the sample before reduction. However, the current automatic reduction device has a low degree of intelligence and cannot automatically adjust parameters such as the reduction ratio and cutting frequency. The number of samples retained after reduction is fixed in advance and cannot be increased or decreased. In addition, the conventional reduction device has only one discard port, and the speed of reciprocating cutting above the discard port is unstable, making it difficult to truly achieve fixed-weight reduction, and the number of cuts and sample parameters after reduction are difficult to meet national standards. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a reducer with an adjustable reduction ratio, a fixed-quality reduction device with a high degree of automation, and a reduction method that comprehensively adjusts the reduction ratio by controlling the width of the sample opening and the residence time of the sample opening under the feeding device when the material vertically enters the sample opening, and can automatically adjust the reduction ratio while ensuring that parameters such as the residence time and cutting frequency meet the requirements of national standards.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] A reducer, the parts of its cutting opening located on both sides of the material cutting direction are both discarding openings, and the part between the two discarding openings is divided into a plurality of sample retaining openings; the width of each sample retaining opening is adjustable.

[0006] Preferably, the width ratio of these sample retention openings is equal to the reduction ratio, so the reduction ratio can be controlled by adjusting the width ratio of these sample retention openings.

[0007] Preferably, the parts of the cutting opening located on both sides of the material cutting direction are discarding openings with equal width and fixed positions.

[0008] Preferably, the reducer is a fully enclosed structure.

[0009] Preferably, each part of the cutting opening is separated by a baffle, wherein the baffle used to separate the discarding opening is the discarding opening baffle, and the baffle used to separate the sample retaining opening is the sample retaining opening baffle; the sample retaining opening baffle can be disassembled and assembled according to the number of samples retained.

[0010] A constant mass reduction device comprises a machine body, a feeding device, a controller and the reducer as described in any one of the above items; the reducer is movably mounted on the machine body; the discharge port of the feeding device faces the cutting port of the reducer; the controller is respectively connected to the feeding device and the reducer, and is used to control the feeding device to uniformly transport materials to the reducer and to control the reducer to perform reciprocating cutting motion in the material incoming direction perpendicular to the material reduction.

[0011] Preferably, each sample retention port and the bottom of each discard port are connected to a material receiving device, and the feeding device and the material receiving device at the bottom of the sample retention port are equipped with high-precision weighing devices, which are connected to the controller and used to monitor changes in material quality during the reduction process.

[0012] Preferably, when the various parts in the cutting opening are structures separated by the discarding opening baffle and the sample retaining opening baffle:

[0013] Long guide grooves are provided in the middle of the two side walls of the cutting opening along the material cutting direction, and the length of the long guide grooves is equal to the spacing between the two discarding port baffles; linear electric push rods connected to the controller are fixed on the outer walls on both sides of the cutting opening along the material cutting direction, and the electric sliders on the linear electric push rods can be connected to the sample port baffles through the long guide grooves, and the sample port baffles can slide along the long guide grooves under the drive of the electric sliders; the controller automatically calculates the reduction ratio according to the input reduction material mass instruction and the material mass before reduction, and controls the electric sliders to adjust the distance values ​​of each sample port baffle through sliding, and the distance ratio is equal to the reduction ratio; alternatively, the spacing between the sample port baffles can also be adjusted manually.

[0014] Preferably, dust blowers are installed at the middle position of the inner sides of the two end walls of the cutting opening, and the dust blowers are connected to the controller. After each reduction operation, the controller controls the dust blowers to quickly blow the inner walls of the cutting opening and various baffles.

[0015] Preferably, the constant mass reduction device further comprises a servo drive device connected to the controller and the reducer, and the controller drives the reducer to perform reciprocating cutting motion via the servo drive device.

[0016] Preferably, the fixed mass reduction device also includes an input device connected to the controller, which is used to input user instructions into the controller, and the instructions include feeding speed, material mass to be reduced and number of cuts per unit time; the controller automatically adjusts the cutting speed according to the instructions.

[0017] The constant mass reduction device described in any one of the above items, wherein the reduction method is as follows:

[0018] Control the feeding device to feed materials to the reducer at a preset feeding speed; control the reducer to perform reciprocating cutting motion in the material incoming direction when the material is reduced, and control the cutting speed of each sample opening of the reducer to be the same; when the material collected at a certain sample opening reaches a specified mass, the controller controls the reducer to continue to complete the cutting, and stops cutting when cutting to the discarding opening, and the corresponding feeding device also stops feeding;

[0019] Preferably, the reciprocating cutting causes the initial velocity at both ends of the discard port to be zero, the startup and acceleration of the reducer are completed in the discard port area, the speed reaches the maximum and remains constant when entering the sample port area, and the speed of each sample port when cutting the material flow is the same to ensure that the sample reduction ratio is stable during each cutting.

[0020] Further preferably, when the material enters the sample port vertically, the reduction ratio is adjusted by controlling the residence time of each sample port of the reducer under the feeding device, and the residence time and cutting frequency can be ensured to meet national standard requirements while adjusting the reduction ratio.

[0021] The present invention provides a reducer, a fixed-quality reducing device and a reducing method, wherein the reducer can adjust the reduction ratio; the fixed-quality reducing device comprehensively adjusts the reduction ratio by controlling the width of the sample opening and the residence time of the sample opening below the feeding device when the material vertically enters the sample opening, and can automatically adjust the reduction ratio while ensuring that parameters such as the residence time and cutting frequency meet the national standard requirements; the number of samples retained for reduction can be increased or decreased according to demand. The speed of reciprocating cutting above the discarding port is more stable, truly realizing fixed-quality reduction. Compared with traditional reducers, the number of cuts per unit time is doubled, which is more in line with national standards and has a high degree of automation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0023] Figure 1 A front view of a fixed mass reduction device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 A top view of a fixed mass reduction device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 A three-dimensional diagram of a constant mass reduction device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Description of reference numerals:

[0027] 1. Reducer; 100. Cutting port; 101. Long guide groove; 2. Sample hopper; 3. Discarding hopper; 4. Discarding port baffle; 5. Sample hopper baffle; 6. Linear electric push rod; 7. Dust blower; 8. Servo motor; 9. Transmission shaft; 10. Driving chain; 11. Start sensor; 12. End sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or terminal device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or terminal device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "include..." or "comprise..." do not exclude the existence of other elements in the process, method, article or terminal device including the elements. In addition, in this article, "greater than", "less than", "exceed" and the like are understood to exclude the number itself; "above", "below", "within" and the like are understood to include the number itself.

[0030] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a constant mass reduction device includes a body, a reducer 1, a feeding device and a controller.

[0031] The cutting opening 100 of the reducer 1 is divided into n parts (n≥4), wherein the parts located on both sides of the material cutting direction are the discarding openings (Q1 and Q2) with equal and fixed widths, and the part between the two discarding openings Q1 and Q2 is divided into (n-2) sample retaining openings L1, L2, ..., L n-2 The width of each sample opening is adjustable and the width ratio of these sample openings is equal to the reduction ratio.

[0032] Each part of the cutting opening 100 is separated by baffles, wherein the baffle used to separate the discarding opening is the discarding opening baffle 4, and the baffle used to separate the sample retaining opening is the sample retaining opening baffle 5. The sample retaining opening baffle 5 can be disassembled and assembled according to the number of samples to be retained, and the material receiving device connected to the sample retaining opening is also disassembled and assembled accordingly.

[0033] Furthermore, the reducer is a fully enclosed structure, which can effectively prevent water loss.

[0034] The reducer 1 is movably mounted on the machine body. The feeding device (not shown) is preferably a belt conveyor or a vibrating feeder, which is located a certain distance above the reducer 1. The discharge port of the feeding device faces the cutting port 100 of the reducer 1 to ensure that the material can fall vertically into the cutting port 100.

[0035] The controller (not shown) is connected to the feeding device and the reducer 1 respectively, and is used to control the feeding device to uniformly transport materials to the reducer and to control the reducer 1 to perform reciprocating cutting motion in the direction of the incoming materials when the materials are reduced vertically.

[0036] In order to facilitate the material receiving, preferably, each sample port and each discard port are connected to a material receiving device at the bottom, and the feeding device and the material receiving device at the bottom of the sample port are equipped with a high-precision weighing device, which is connected to the controller and used to monitor the change in material quality during the reduction process. Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the material receiving device connected to the bottom of the sample retaining port is the sample retaining hopper 2, and the material receiving device connected to the bottom of the discarding port is the discarding hopper 3.

[0037] Each part of the cutting opening 100 is separated by baffles, wherein the baffle used to separate the discarding opening is the discarding opening baffle 4, and the baffle used to separate the sample retaining opening is the sample retaining opening baffle 5. The sample retaining opening baffle 5 can be disassembled and assembled according to the number of samples to be retained, and the material receiving device connected to the sample retaining opening is also disassembled and assembled accordingly.

[0038] Preferably, long guide grooves 101 are provided in the middle of the two side walls of the cutting opening 100 along the material cutting direction, and the length of the long guide grooves 101 is equal to the spacing between the two discarding opening baffles 4. Linear electric push rods 6 connected to the controller are fixed on the outer walls of both sides of the cutting opening 100 along the material cutting direction, and the electric slider on the linear electric push rod 6 can be connected to the sample retaining opening baffle 5 through the long guide grooves 101. Driven by the electric slider, the sample retaining opening baffle 5 can slide along the long guide grooves 101. The controller automatically calculates the reduction ratio according to the input reduction material mass instruction and the material mass before reduction, and controls the electric slider to adjust the distance value of each (n-2) sample retaining opening baffle 5 by sliding, and the distance ratio is equal to the reduction ratio. Alternatively, the spacing between the sample retaining opening baffles 5 can also be adjusted manually.

[0039] In addition, the fixed mass reduction device also includes an input device connected to the controller, which is used to input the user's instructions into the controller, the instructions including the feeding speed, the mass of the material to be reduced and the number of cuts per unit time; the controller automatically adjusts the cutting speed according to the instructions. If the input number of cuts per unit time instruction does not meet the national standard requirements, the controller will limit subsequent operations until the instruction is correct.

[0040] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, dust blowers 7 are installed at the middle position of the inner side of the two end walls of the cutting opening 100. The dust blowers 7 are connected to the controller and controlled by the controller. After each reduction operation is completed, the controller controls the dust blower 7 to quickly blow the inner wall of the cutting opening and various baffles to clean the residual samples on the surface.

[0041] In an improvement, the constant mass reduction device further comprises a servo drive device connected to the controller and the reducer, and the controller drives the reducer to perform reciprocating cutting motion through the servo drive device.

[0042] The servo drive device includes a servo motor 8, a transmission shaft 9, and a drive chain 10. There are two transmission shafts 9, which are arranged on both sides of the reducer 1. That is to say, one side of the reducer 1 is provided with a transmission shaft 9, and the other side is provided with a transmission shaft 9. The two transmission shafts 9 are fixed on the machine body and are parallel to each other. In addition, the extension direction of the two transmission shafts 9 is the material cutting direction. The reducer 1 is installed on the two transmission shafts 9 in a manner that it can slide along the two transmission shafts 9. The servo motor 8 is also fixed on the machine body. The servo motor 8 drives the transmission shaft 9 to rotate by driving the drive chain 10, thereby driving the reducer 1 to reciprocate along the material cutting direction on the two transmission shafts 9. A starting sensor 11 and an end sensor 12 are respectively provided at both ends of the movement of the reducer 1 to limit the two ends of the movement of the reducer 1. The servo motor 8, the starting sensor 11 and the end sensor 12 are all connected to the controller and controlled by the controller.

[0043] The above-mentioned constant mass reduction device has the following reduction method:

[0044] Control the feeding device to convey materials to the reducer at a preset feeding speed; control the reducer 1 to perform reciprocating cutting motion in the material incoming direction when the material is reduced vertically, and control the cutting speeds of each sample port of the reducer 1 to be the same; the ratio of the distances between the baffles 5 of each sample port of the reducer 1 is equal to the reduction ratio, that is, the time ratio of each sample port cutting the material flow is equal to the reduction ratio; when the material collected at a certain sample port reaches a specified mass, that is, when the material receiving device of the sample port at a certain end senses that the collected material has reached a specified mass, the controller controls the reducer 1 to continue to complete the cutting, and stops cutting when cutting reaches the discard port, and the corresponding feeding device also stops feeding.

[0045] The reciprocating cutting causes the initial velocity at both ends of the discarding port to be zero. The startup and acceleration of the reducer 1 are completed in the discarding port area. When entering the sample port area, the speed reaches the maximum and maintains a uniform speed. The speeds of the various sample ports are the same when cutting the material flow, so as to ensure that the sample reduction ratio is stable during each cutting. In the present embodiment, the discarding ports at both ends of the reducer 1 are wide enough and the width is fixed. Under the control of the servo drive device, the startup and acceleration of the reducer 1 are completed in the discarding area. When entering the sample port area, the speed reaches the maximum and maintains a uniform speed, that is, the speeds of (n-2) sample ports are the same when cutting the material flow. Reciprocating cutting ensures the full-section cutting of the material, and completes two equivalent cuts in one round trip, which maximizes the number of cutting times.

[0046] In addition, in addition to controlling the reduction ratio by adjusting the width ratio of several sample ports in the reducer, the fixed mass reduction device can also adjust the reduction ratio by controlling the residence time of each sample port of the reducer under the feeding device when the material enters the sample port vertically, and can ensure that the residence time and cutting frequency meet national standard requirements while adjusting the reduction ratio.

[0047] In addition to the above-mentioned reduction method, after the reducer and the fixed-mass reduction device are assembled to the fixed-mass reduction device, only one discard port can be used according to operational requirements, and the other discard port may not be used.

[0048] The above-mentioned reducer, constant-quality reducing device and reducing method, wherein the reducer can adjust the reduction ratio; the constant-quality reducing device can comprehensively adjust the reduction ratio by controlling the width of the sample opening and the residence time of the sample opening under the feeding device when the material vertically enters the sample opening, and can automatically adjust the reduction ratio while ensuring that parameters such as residence time and cutting frequency meet national standard requirements; the number of samples retained for reduction can be increased or decreased according to demand. The speed of reciprocating cutting above the discarding port is more stable, which truly realizes constant-quality reduction. Compared with the traditional reducer, the number of cuts per unit time has doubled, which is more in line with national standards and has a high degree of automation.

[0049] The above description is only by way of illustration of certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention. It is undoubted that those skilled in the art can modify the described embodiments in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the above drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fixed mass reduction device, characterized in that: It comprises a machine body, a feeding device, a controller and a reducer; the reducer is movably mounted on the machine body; the discharge port of the feeding device faces the cutting port of the reducer; the controller is connected to the feeding device and the reducer respectively, and is used to control the feeding device to uniformly transport materials to the reducer and to control the reducer to perform reciprocating cutting motion in the material incoming direction perpendicular to the material reduction; The parts of the cutting opening of the reducer located on both sides of the material cutting direction are discarding openings, and the part between the two discarding openings is divided into a plurality of sample retaining openings; the width of each sample retaining opening is adjustable; the parts of the cutting opening located on both sides of the material cutting direction are discarding openings with equal width and fixed positions; the reducer is a fully enclosed structure; the various parts of the cutting opening are separated by baffles, wherein the baffle used to separate the discarding opening is the discarding opening baffle, and the baffle used to separate the sample retaining opening is the sample retaining opening baffle; the sample retaining opening baffle can be disassembled and assembled according to the number of samples to be retained; Long guide grooves are provided in the middle of the two side walls of the cutting opening along the material cutting direction, and the length of the long guide grooves is equal to the spacing between the two discarding port baffles; linear electric push rods connected to the controller are fixed on the outer walls on both sides of the cutting opening along the material cutting direction, and the electric sliders on the linear electric push rods can be connected to the sample port baffles through the long guide grooves, and the sample port baffles can slide along the long guide grooves under the drive of the electric sliders; the controller automatically calculates the reduction ratio according to the input reduction material mass instruction and the material mass before reduction, and controls the electric sliders to adjust the distance values ​​of each sample port baffle through sliding, and the distance ratio is equal to the reduction ratio; alternatively, the spacing between the sample port baffles can also be adjusted manually.

2. The constant mass reduction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of each sample retention port and each discard port is connected to a material receiving device, and the feeding device and the material receiving device at the bottom of the sample retention port are equipped with high-precision weighing devices, which are connected to the controller and used to monitor changes in material quality during the reduction process.

3. The constant mass reduction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Dust blowers are installed at the middle positions of the inner sides of the two end walls of the cutting opening, and the dust blowers are connected to the controller. After each reduction operation is completed, the controller controls the dust blowers to quickly blow the inner walls of the cutting opening and various baffles.

4. The constant mass reduction device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: It also includes a servo drive device connected to the controller and the reducer, and the controller drives the reducer to perform reciprocating cutting motion through the servo drive device; Among them, the fixed mass reduction device also includes an input device connected to the controller, which is used to input the user's instructions into the controller, and the instructions include the feeding speed, the mass of the material to be reduced and the number of cuts per unit time; the controller automatically adjusts the cutting speed according to the instructions.

5. The fixed mass reduction device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the reduction method is as follows: Control the feeding device to feed materials to the reducer at a preset feeding speed; control the reducer to perform reciprocating cutting motion in the material incoming direction when the material is reduced and control the cutting speed of each sample opening of the reducer to be the same; when the material collected at a certain sample opening reaches a specified mass, the controller controls the reducer to continue to complete the cutting, stops cutting when cutting to the discarding opening, and the corresponding feeding device also stops feeding; in, The reciprocating cutting causes the initial speed at both ends of the discarding port to be zero. The start-up and acceleration of the reducer are completed in the discarding port area. When entering the sample retention port area, the speed reaches the maximum and remains constant. The speed of each sample retention port when cutting the material flow is the same; When the material enters the sample opening vertically, the reduction ratio is adjusted by controlling the residence time of each sample opening of the reducer under the feeding device.

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