An electromagnetic locking differential

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of differentials, and particularly refers to an electromagnetic locking differential, comprising a housing with a chamber, wherein the front half-shaft helical teeth, the rear half-shaft helical teeth, the front planetary gear and the rear planetary gear are rotatably connected in the chamber, the rear half-shaft helical teeth are provided with a meshing tooth 1, the chamber is provided with a spur tooth 1, a locking ring is provided in the chamber, the outer ring of the locking ring is provided with a spur tooth 2, and the inner ring is provided with a meshing tooth 2; an electromagnetic coil is provided at the front side of the housing, a suction ring is provided between the electromagnetic coil and the housing, the suction ring is fixedly connected to the front end of a pull rod, the rear end of the pull rod is fixedly connected to the locking ring, and a reset spring is provided between the locking ring and the rear planetary gear. The present invention uses the magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic coil being energized to enable the suction ring to be subjected to a forward magnetic attraction in the magnetic field, thereby being able to drive the locking ring to move forward through the pull rod, so that the meshing tooth 1 of the rear half-shaft helical teeth is meshed with the meshing tooth 2 of the locking ring, and 100% locking of the differential is achieved.

Description

Technical field:

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of differentials, and in particular relates to an electromagnetic locking differential. Background technology:

[0002] The differential is a device with power transmission and power distribution functions. Its function is to allow the two half-axles to rotate at different speeds when the car encounters a turn, so that the wheels on both sides can travel at unequal distances in a pure rolling form as much as possible, reducing the sliding friction between the tires and the ground, thereby ensuring the safety factor of the moving vehicle and increasing the service life of the reducer.

[0003] However, when the car encounters extremely bad road conditions, such as muddy and very bad roads, the function of the differential will cause the tire on one side to slip due to insufficient adhesion to the road, while the tire on the other side will not rotate, resulting in the car having insufficient traction and unable to get out of trouble. Summary of the invention:

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide an electromagnetic locking differential which can provide sufficient traction for a vehicle to escape from the difficult situation when encountering extremely bad road conditions.

[0005] The present invention is achieved in that:

[0006] An electromagnetic locking differential comprises a housing with a chamber, wherein a front half-shaft helical tooth, a rear half-shaft helical tooth, a front planetary gear meshing with the front half-shaft helical tooth, and a rear planetary gear meshing with the rear half-shaft helical tooth are rotatably connected in the chamber, the front planetary gear corresponds to and meshes with the rear planetary gear, a meshing tooth 1 is provided on the side wall of the rear half-shaft helical tooth located at the rear side of the rear planetary gear, a spur tooth 1 is provided on the inner side wall of the chamber, a locking ring is provided in the chamber, a spur tooth 2 meshing with the spur tooth 1 is provided on the outer ring of the locking ring, and a meshing tooth 2 meshing with the meshing tooth 1 is provided on the inner ring, which can mesh with the meshing tooth 1 when axially displaced to the meshing tooth 1; an electromagnetic coil is provided on the front side of the housing, a suction ring is provided between the electromagnetic coil and the housing, and the electromagnetic coil generates a forward suction force on the suction ring when energized, the suction ring is fixedly connected to the front end of a pull rod, the rear end of the pull rod penetrates into the housing to the chamber and is fixedly connected to the locking ring, and a reset spring is provided between the front end surface of the locking ring and the rear end surface of the rear planetary gear.

[0007] In the above-mentioned electromagnetic locking differential, the electromagnetic coil includes an annular disk, the rear end face of the annular disk is provided with an annular groove coaxial with the annular disk, enameled wire is wound in the annular groove, the rear end outer edge of the annular disk extends backward to form an inner conical surface with a smaller diameter at the front and a larger diameter at the rear, and the front end outer edge of the suction ring is recessed inward to form an outer conical surface corresponding to the inner conical surface.

[0008] In the above-mentioned electromagnetic locking differential, the meshing tooth 1 includes a plurality of step teeth 1 whose outer diameters decrease one by one from front to back, and the meshing tooth 2 includes step teeth 2 corresponding to the step teeth 1 one by one.

[0009] In the above-mentioned electromagnetic locking differential, an intermediate sleeve is arranged in the chamber between the front half-shaft helical teeth and the rear helical teeth, and a synchronous spur tooth is opened on the inner hole of the intermediate sleeve, and a front locating ring and a rear locating ring whose outer ring teeth mesh with the synchronous spur tooth are arranged in the inner hole of the intermediate sleeve, the front end face of the front locating ring abuts against the rear end face of the front half-shaft helical tooth, and the rear end face of the rear locating ring abuts against the front end face of the rear half-shaft helical tooth, and an elastic gasket is arranged between the front locating ring and the rear locating ring.

[0010] In the above-mentioned electromagnetic locking differential, a wear-resistant ring is arranged in the cavity located at the rear side of the rear planetary gear, the front end of the return spring abuts against the rear end face of the wear-resistant ring, and the front end face of the wear-resistant ring conflicts with the rear end face of the rear planetary gear.

[0011] In the above-mentioned electromagnetic locking differential, the electromagnetic coil is energized to attract the suction ring, and drives the locking ring to move forward through the pull rod until the meshing tooth 1 and the meshing tooth 2 are fully meshed, and there is a movable gap between the rear end face of the electromagnetic coil and the front end face of the suction ring.

[0012] In the above-mentioned electromagnetic locking differential, a central shaft is arranged at the front end of the housing along its axis, the electromagnetic coil and the suction ring are both sleeved on the central shaft, and a wear-resistant sleeve or a needle bearing or a ball bearing is arranged between the electromagnetic coil and the central shaft.

[0013] In the above-mentioned electromagnetic locking differential, the wear-resistant sleeve is made of an iron-based material or a copper-based material; or the needle bearing or the ball bearing is made of a magnetic-insulating material.

[0014] In the above-mentioned electromagnetic locking differential, the inner opening of the suction ring is a concave stop recessed forward, and a convex stop matching with the concave stop is provided on the central shaft.

[0015] In the above-mentioned electromagnetic locking differential, the housing includes a front housing, a middle housing and a rear housing, the front end face of the middle housing is fixedly connected to the front housing by fasteners, and the rear end face is fixedly connected to the rear housing by fasteners, and the chamber is surrounded by the inner holes of the front housing, the middle housing and the rear housing, the front half-shaft helical teeth and the front planetary gears are arranged on the inner hole of the front housing, the rear half-shaft helical teeth are arranged on the inner hole of the rear housing, and the rear planetary gears are arranged on the middle housing.

[0016] The outstanding advantages of the present invention compared with the prior art are:

[0017] The present invention uses the magnetic field generated by energizing the electromagnetic coil to enable the suction ring to be subjected to a forward magnetic suction force in the magnetic field, so that the suction ring can drive the locking ring to move forward through the pull rod, so that the meshing tooth 1 of the rear half shaft helical teeth meshes with the meshing tooth 2 of the locking ring, that is, a rigid connection is formed between the rear half shaft helical teeth and the housing, and then the rear planetary gears, the front planetary gears and the front half shaft helical teeth are all rigidly connected to the housing, and the front half shaft helical teeth will rotate synchronously with the rear half shaft helical teeth to achieve 100% locking of the differential; therefore, when the car encounters extremely bad road conditions, the front half shaft helical teeth and the rear half shaft helical teeth rotate synchronously, so that the two tires can rotate at the same speed, providing the car with sufficient traction to get out of trouble. Description of the drawings:

[0018] Figure 1 It is an overall cross-sectional schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 It is an overall exploded perspective view of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 is a stereoscopic diagram of the helical gear of the rear half shaft of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 is a three-dimensional diagram of the locking ring of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 is a three-dimensional diagram of the middle shell of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an annular disk of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of a suction ring of the present invention.

[0025] In the figure: 1. housing; 2. front half shaft spiral teeth; 3. rear half shaft spiral teeth; 4. front planetary gear; 5. rear planetary gear; 6. meshing tooth 1; 7. spur tooth 1; 8. locking ring; 9. spur tooth 2; 10. meshing tooth 2; 11. electromagnetic coil; 12. suction ring; 13. pull rod; 14. return spring; 15. annular disk; 16. annular groove; 17. enameled wire; 18. inner cone; 19. outer cone; 20. step tooth 1; 21. step tooth 2; 22. intermediate sleeve; 23. front positioning ring; 24. rear positioning ring; 25. elastic gasket; 26. wear-resistant ring; 27. center shaft; 28. wear-resistant sleeve; 29. ​​concave stop; 30. convex stop; 31. front housing; 32. middle housing; 33. rear housing. Specific implementation method:

[0026] The present invention is further described below with reference to specific embodiments. Figure 1 —7:

[0027] An electromagnetic locking differential comprises a housing 1 having a chamber, wherein a front half shaft helical gear 2, a rear half shaft helical gear 3, a front planetary gear 4 meshing with the front half shaft helical gear 2, and a rear planetary gear 5 meshing with the rear half shaft helical gear 3 are rotatably connected in the chamber, and the front planetary gear 4 corresponds to and meshes with the rear planetary gear 5. A set of planetary gear sets is formed between the front half shaft helical gear 2, the front planetary gear 4 and the housing 1, and between the front half shaft helical gear 2, the front planetary gear 4 and the housing 1, respectively.

[0028] A meshing tooth 1 6 is provided on the side wall of the rear half-shaft spiral tooth 3 located at the rear side of the rear planetary gear 5, a spur tooth 1 7 is provided on the inner wall of the chamber, a locking ring 8 is provided in the chamber, a spur tooth 2 9 meshing with the spur tooth 1 7 is provided on the outer ring of the locking ring 8, and a meshing tooth 2 10 that can mesh with the meshing tooth 1 6 when axially displaced to the meshing tooth 1 6 is provided on the inner ring; an electromagnetic coil 11 is provided on the front side of the shell 1, a suction ring 12 is provided between the electromagnetic coil 11 and the shell 1, and the electromagnetic coil 11 generates a forward suction force on the suction ring 12 when energized, the suction ring 12 is fixedly connected to the front end of the pull rod 13, the rear end of the pull rod 13 penetrates into the shell 1 to the chamber and is fixedly connected to the locking ring 8, and a reset spring 14 is provided between the front end face of the locking ring 8 and the rear end face of the rear planetary gear 5.

[0029] The present invention uses the magnetic field generated by energizing the electromagnetic coil 11 to enable the suction ring 12 to be subjected to a forward magnetic suction force in the magnetic field, so that the suction ring 12 can drive the locking ring 8 to move forward through the pull rod 13, so that the meshing tooth 1 6 of the rear half shaft helical tooth 3 is meshed with the meshing tooth 2 10 of the locking ring 8, that is, a rigid connection is formed between the rear half shaft helical tooth 3 and the housing 1, and then the rear planetary gear 5, the front planetary gear 4 and the front half shaft helical tooth 2 are all rigidly connected to the housing 1, and the front half shaft helical tooth 2 will rotate synchronously with the rear half shaft helical tooth 3 to achieve 100% locking of the differential; therefore, when the car encounters extremely bad road conditions, the front half shaft helical tooth 2 and the rear half shaft helical tooth 3 rotate synchronously, so that the two tires can rotate at the same speed, providing the car with sufficient traction to get out of trouble.

[0030] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the electromagnetic coil 11 is specifically configured as follows: the electromagnetic coil 11 includes an annular disk 15, a rear end surface of the annular disk 15 is provided with an annular groove 16 coaxial with the annular disk 15, and an enameled wire 17 is wound in the annular groove 16;

[0031] At the same time, the outer edge of the rear end of the annular disk 15 extends backward to form an inner conical surface 18 with a smaller diameter at the front and a larger diameter at the rear, and the outer edge of the front end of the suction ring 12 is recessed inward to form an outer conical surface 19 corresponding to the inner conical surface 18. The cooperation between the inner conical surface 18 and the outer conical surface 19 can shorten the magnetic force distance between the annular disk 15 and the suction ring 12, and correspondingly, can effectively reduce the magnetic field strength, that is, reduce the current strength required by the enameled wire 17, thereby reducing the heat conversion energy loss caused by high current, achieving the purpose of energy saving, and improving the overall service life of the electromagnetic coil 11.

[0032] Furthermore, since the displacement distance of the locking ring 8 in the chamber is limited, in order to increase the meshing area between the meshing tooth 1 6 of the rear half shaft helical tooth 3 and the meshing tooth 2 10 of the locking ring 8, so as to improve the locking strength between the two, the meshing tooth 1 6 includes a plurality of step teeth 1 20 whose outer diameters gradually decrease from front to back, and the meshing tooth 2 10 includes a step tooth 21 corresponding to the step tooth 1 20. That is, when the locking ring 8 is displaced forward by a unit distance, a plurality of meshing joint surfaces can be formed between the step tooth 1 20 and the step tooth 2 21, and the number of the meshing joint surfaces corresponds to the number of the step teeth 1 20 and the step teeth 2 21, and thus the more the number of the step teeth 1 20 and the step teeth 2 21, the larger the area of ​​the meshing joint surface, and the greater the corresponding locking strength between the rear half shaft helical tooth 3 and the locking ring 8; and in the present embodiment, there are two step teeth 1 20 and two step teeth 21.

[0033] During normal driving of the automobile, the electromagnetic coil 11 is not energized. In order to make the power distribution of the differential sensitive and achieve the ideal distribution as much as possible, an intermediate sleeve 22 is arranged in the chamber between the front half-shaft helical teeth 2 and the rear helical teeth. Synchronous spur teeth are opened on the inner hole of the intermediate sleeve 22, and a front locating ring 23 and a rear locating ring 24 whose outer ring teeth are meshed with the synchronous spur teeth are arranged in the inner hole of the intermediate sleeve 22. The front end face of the front locating ring 23 abuts against the rear end face of the front half-shaft helical teeth 2, and the rear end face of the rear locating ring 24 abuts against the front end face of the rear half-shaft helical teeth 3. An elastic gasket 25 is arranged between the front locating ring 23 and the rear locating ring 24. Among them, under the elastic force of the elastic gasket 25, a certain friction force is generated between the front positioning ring 23 and the front half-shaft helical teeth 2, and between the rear positioning ring 24 and the rear half-shaft helical teeth 3, so that a locking rate of 60%-80% is achieved between the front half-shaft helical teeth 2 and the rear half-shaft helical teeth 3, wherein the size of the locking rate is mainly determined by the size of the elastic force of the elastic gasket 25.

[0034] At the same time, in order to prevent the rear planetary gear 5 and the return spring 14 from wearing out, which would damage the elasticity of the return spring 14 and affect the return movement of the locking ring 8, or even make it impossible to release the lock of the front half-shaft helical teeth 2 and the rear half-shaft helical teeth 3, in this embodiment, a wear-resistant ring 26 is provided in the chamber located on the rear side of the rear planetary gear 5, and the front end of the return spring 14 abuts against the rear end face of the wear-resistant ring 26, and the front end face of the wear-resistant ring 26 conflicts with the rear end face of the rear planetary gear 5.

[0035] Furthermore, in order to avoid friction between the electromagnetic coil 11 and the suction ring 12, which may cause wear on both of them, and at the same time, to reduce the phenomenon of magnetization of the suction ring 12, the electromagnetic coil 11 is energized to attract the suction ring 12, and drives the locking ring 8 to move forward through the pull rod 13 until the meshing tooth 1 6 and the meshing tooth 2 10 are fully engaged, and there is a movable gap between the rear end face of the electromagnetic coil 11 and the front end face of the suction ring 12.

[0036] Furthermore, the specific matching relationship between the electromagnetic coil 11 and the suction ring 12 and the shell 1 is: the front end of the shell 1 is provided with a central shaft 27 along its axis, and the electromagnetic coil 11 and the suction ring 12 are both sleeved on the central shaft 27; in order to reduce the wear between the electromagnetic coil 11 and the central shaft 27, a wear-resistant sleeve 28 or a needle bearing or a ball bearing is provided between the electromagnetic coil 11 and the central shaft 27, and in the present embodiment, the wear-resistant sleeve 28 is provided between the annular disk 15 and the central shaft 27.

[0037] To ensure that the wear-resistant sleeve 28 has good wear resistance and reduce the magnetization of the housing 1, the wear-resistant sleeve 28 is made of iron-based material or copper-based material, or a ball bearing or needle bearing made of magnetic-insulating material such as stainless steel.

[0038] In order to ensure that the axis of the suction ring 12 and the axis of the central shaft 27 are located on the same straight line, the inner opening of the suction ring 12 is a concave stop 29 that is concave forward, and the central shaft 27 is provided with a convex stop 30 that matches the concave stop 29. That is, the position between the two is fixed by the stop structure, and at the same time, since the differential is in a rotating state, the radial force generated by the electromagnetic coil 11 sucking the suction ring 12 can be transmitted to the housing 1 by the stop structure, thereby effectively preventing the pull rod 13 from being damaged due to distortion caused by the radial force.

[0039] In addition, in order to facilitate the maintenance and replacement of the front half-shaft helical teeth 2, the rear half-shaft helical teeth 3, the front planetary gears 4, the rear planetary gears 5 and the locking ring 8 in the later stage, the housing 1 of the present invention is a segmented structure, and its specific implementation is as follows: the housing 1 includes a front shell 31, a middle shell 32 and a rear shell 33, the front end face of the middle shell 32 is fixedly connected to the front shell 31 by fasteners, and the rear end face is fixedly connected to the rear shell 33 by fasteners, and the chamber is surrounded by the inner holes of the front shell 31, the middle shell 32 and the rear shell 33, the front half-shaft helical teeth 2 and the front planetary gears 4 are arranged on the inner hole of the front shell 31, the rear half-shaft helical teeth 3 are arranged on the inner hole of the rear shell 33, the rear planetary gears 5 are arranged on the middle shell 32, and the straight teeth 7 are opened on the middle shell 32.

[0040] The above embodiment is only one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the shape, structure, and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electromagnetic locking differential, comprising a housing (1) having a chamber, wherein a front half-shaft helical gear (2), a rear half-shaft helical gear (3), a front planetary gear (4) meshing with the front half-shaft helical gear (2), and a rear planetary gear (5) meshing with the rear half-shaft helical gear (3) are rotatably connected in the chamber, wherein the front planetary gear (4) and the rear planetary gear (5) correspond to each other one by one and mesh with each other, and wherein: A meshing tooth (6) is provided on the side wall of the rear half shaft helical tooth (3) located at the rear side of the rear planetary gear (5), a spur tooth (7) is provided on the inner wall of the chamber, a locking ring (8) is provided in the chamber, a spur tooth (9) is provided on the outer ring of the locking ring (8) to mesh with the spur tooth (7), and a meshing tooth (10) is provided on the inner ring to mesh with the meshing tooth (6) when axially displaced to the meshing tooth (6); an electromagnetic is provided on the front side of the housing (1). A coil (11), a suction ring (12) is provided between the electromagnetic coil (11) and the housing (1), and when the electromagnetic coil (11) is energized, a forward suction force is generated on the suction ring (12), the suction ring (12) is fixedly connected to the front end of a pull rod (13), the rear end of the pull rod (13) penetrates into the housing (1) to the chamber and is fixedly connected to a locking ring (8), and a return spring (14) is provided between the front end surface of the locking ring (8) and the rear end surface of the rear planetary gear (5); The electromagnetic coil (11) comprises an annular disk (15), the rear end surface of the annular disk (15) is provided with an annular groove (16) coaxial with the annular disk (15), an enameled wire (17) is wound in the annular groove (16), the rear end outer edge of the annular disk (15) extends backward to form an inner conical surface (18) with a smaller diameter at the front and larger diameter at the rear, and the front end outer edge of the suction ring (12) is recessed inward to form an outer conical surface (19) corresponding to the inner conical surface (18); The meshing tooth one (6) includes a plurality of stepped teeth one (20) whose outer diameters decrease from front to back, and the meshing tooth two (10) includes stepped teeth two (21) corresponding to the stepped teeth one (20) one by one.

2. The electromagnetic locking differential according to claim 1, characterized in that: An intermediate sleeve (22) is arranged in a chamber between the front half-shaft helical teeth (2) and the rear half-shaft helical teeth, a synchronous spur tooth is provided on the inner hole of the intermediate sleeve (22), and a front positioning ring (23) and a rear positioning ring (24) whose outer ring teeth mesh with the synchronous spur tooth are arranged in the inner hole of the intermediate sleeve (22), the front end face of the front positioning ring (23) abuts against the rear end face of the front half-shaft helical teeth (2), the rear end face of the rear positioning ring (24) abuts against the front end face of the rear half-shaft helical teeth (3), and an elastic gasket (25) is arranged between the front positioning ring (23) and the rear positioning ring (24).

3. The electromagnetic locking differential according to claim 1, characterized in that: A wear-resistant ring (26) is arranged in the chamber located at the rear side of the rear planetary gear (5), the front end of the return spring (14) abuts against the rear end face of the wear-resistant ring (26), and the front end face of the wear-resistant ring (26) abuts against the rear end face of the rear planetary gear (5).

4. The electromagnetic locking differential according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electromagnetic coil (11) is energized to attract the suction ring (12), and drives the locking ring (8) to move forward through the pull rod (13) until the first meshing tooth (6) and the second meshing tooth (10) are fully meshed, and a movable gap exists between the rear end face of the electromagnetic coil (11) and the front end face of the suction ring (12).

5. The electromagnetic locking differential according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front end of the housing (1) is provided with a central shaft (27) along its axis, the electromagnetic coil (11) and the suction ring (12) are both sleeved on the central shaft (27), and a wear-resistant sleeve (28) or a needle bearing or a ball bearing is provided between the electromagnetic coil (11) and the central shaft (27).

6. The electromagnetic locking differential according to claim 5, characterized in that: The wear-resistant sleeve (28) is made of an iron-based material or a copper-based material; or the needle bearing or the ball bearing is made of an insulated magnetic material.

7. The electromagnetic locking differential according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner opening of the suction ring (12) is a concave stop (29) that is recessed forward, and the central shaft (27) is provided with a convex stop (30) that matches the concave stop (29).

8. An electromagnetic locking differential according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The housing (1) comprises a front housing (31), a middle housing (32) and a rear housing (33); the front end face of the middle housing (32) is fixedly connected to the front housing (31) by a fastener, and the rear end face is fixedly connected to the rear housing (33) by a fastener; the chamber is surrounded by inner holes of the front housing (31), the middle housing (32) and the rear housing (33); the front half-shaft helical teeth (2) and the front planetary gears (4) are arranged on the inner hole of the front housing (31); the rear half-shaft helical teeth (3) are arranged on the inner hole of the rear housing (33); and the rear planetary gears (5) are arranged on the middle housing (32).

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