Three-stage pressure extraction ventilation system for ramps

Abstract

The present invention discloses a three-stage compression-extraction ventilation system for a ramp, comprising an upper ramp, wherein a push-in main fan is installed in the upper ramp, the end of the upper ramp is connected to several sections of middle ramps, a first ventilation mechanism is arranged in the middle ramp, the end of the middle ramp is connected to several sections of deep ramps via a transition ramp, and a second ventilation mechanism is arranged in the deep ramp. The present invention improves the air quality in the ramp, plays a certain pressurization role, ensures the health of workers in the ramp and the normal operation of trackless transportation equipment, and is particularly suitable for high-altitude and extra-long ramp mines.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ramp ventilation, in particular to a three-stage compression-extraction ventilation system for a ramp. Background Art

[0002] Inclined ramp development is one of the most commonly used development methods for large and medium-sized metal mines. With the transfer of mining to deep mining, the distance of the ramp is getting longer and longer, and the number of turns and openings of the middle section of the ramp is increasing. The ventilation network of the ramp is complex, the ventilation resistance is increased, and the ventilation is not smooth, which makes it difficult to remove the oil smoke and dust generated by the transportation of trackless equipment. Especially in the low-pressure and oxygen-deficient conditions in high-altitude areas, the ramp is insufficiently supplied with air, and the fuel of the trackless transportation equipment is not fully burned, resulting in a large amount of harmful gases such as carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbons (HC), insufficient power or even flameout. These problems seriously affect the air quality of the working environment of the mine ramp, reduce the transportation efficiency of the mine ramp, and pose a serious threat to the occupational health and safety of workers. Summary of the invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a ramp three-stage pressure-extraction ventilation system to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] A three-stage ramp pressure-extraction ventilation system comprises an upper ramp, in which a push-in main fan is installed, the end of the upper ramp is connected to several sections of middle ramps, in which a first ventilation mechanism is arranged, and the end of the middle ramp is connected to several sections of deep ramps via a transition ramp, in which a second ventilation mechanism is arranged.

[0006] Preferably, the push-in main fan is arranged in the middle section of the upper ramp, the inner wall of the upper ramp expands the brush chamber, and the push-in main fan is installed in the chamber by adopting a wall-less fan installation method.

[0007] Preferably, the second ventilation mechanism includes a main return air shaft, the top of which is connected to the ground and is equipped with a surface main fan, and the first ventilation mechanism includes a middle return air shaft, the top of which is connected to a return air lane, the end of the return air lane away from the middle return air shaft is connected to the main return air shaft, and an exhaust auxiliary fan is installed in the return air lane.

[0008] Preferably, the bottom ends of the multiple-section middle ramps are connected to air inlet lanes, the top ends of the air inlet lanes are connected to air inlet shafts, and the top ends of the air inlet shafts are connected to the ground surface.

[0009] Preferably, the middle section of the middle ramp is connected to the middle return air shaft through a middle connecting lane, and the middle section of the deep ramp is connected to the main return air shaft through a deep connecting lane.

[0010] Preferably, a first regulating wind window is installed in the middle connecting tunnel, and a second regulating wind window is installed in the deep connecting tunnel.

[0011] Preferably, the air intake at the ramp entrance is calculated based on the air volume required to remove diesel smoke, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0012]

[0013] Where: Q s —Air volume required to remove diesel equipment fumes, m 3 / s;

[0014] q s —Air volume per unit power of diesel equipment, 3.5~4.0m 3 / min;

[0015] N—Total power of diesel equipment calculated based on the proportion of operating time, kW.

[0016] Preferably, the exhaust volume of the exhaust-type auxiliary fan accounts for more than 1 / 3 of the total air volume of the ramp.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention adopts a three-stage pressure-extraction mixed ventilation method for the ramp, extracts part of the polluted air and supplements part of the fresh air flow in the middle section, and uses the main return air shaft and the surface main fan to discharge the polluted air to the surface, thereby effectively solving the problems of low ventilation pressure, insufficient oxygen, large ventilation resistance, complex wind network, difficult to control wind flow, easy accumulation of exhaust gas and dust in high-altitude and long-distance ramps, improving the air quality in the ramp, playing a certain pressurization role, and ensuring the health of workers in the ramp and the normal operation of trackless transportation equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the three-stage pressure-extraction ventilation system for the ramp.

[0019] In the figure: 1-upper ramp, 2-pressed main fan, 3-middle ramp, 4-transition ramp, 5-deep ramp, 6-middle connecting tunnel, 7-middle return air shaft, 8-return air horizontal tunnel, 9-extraction auxiliary fan, 10-first adjusting wind window, 11-inlet horizontal tunnel, 12-inlet vertical shaft, 13-deep connecting tunnel, 14-main return air shaft, 15-surface main fan, 16-second adjusting wind window. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides a technical solution: a three-stage ramp pressure-extraction ventilation system, comprising an upper ramp 1, in which a push-in main fan 2 is installed, the end of the upper ramp 1 is connected to several sections of middle ramps 3, in which a first ventilation mechanism is arranged, and the end of the middle ramp 3 is connected to several sections of deep ramps 5 through a transition ramp 4, in which a second ventilation mechanism is arranged.

[0022] The push-in main fan 2 is arranged in the middle section of the upper ramp 1, and the inner wall of the upper ramp 1 expands the brush chamber. The push-in main fan 2 is installed in the chamber in a wall-less fan installation manner to avoid interfering with normal transportation operations.

[0023] The second ventilation mechanism includes a main return air shaft 14, the top of which is connected to the ground and is equipped with a surface main fan 15. The surface main fan 15 must meet the exhaust capacity of the entire ramp air volume and be matched with the middle exhaust-type auxiliary fan 9 to meet the relay exhaust of the middle section of the dirty air while meeting the ventilation capacity of the deep ramp that the main return air shaft 14 is responsible for. The first ventilation mechanism includes a middle return air shaft 7, the top of which is connected to a return air lane 8, and the end of the return air lane 8 away from the middle return air shaft 7 is connected to the main return air shaft 14, and an exhaust-type auxiliary fan 9 is installed in the return air lane 8.

[0024] The bottom end of the multi-section middle ramp 3 is connected to an air inlet tunnel 11, and the top of the air inlet tunnel 11 is connected to an air inlet shaft 12. The top of the air inlet shaft 12 is connected to the ground surface to replenish fresh air flow for the ramp and avoid the accumulation of exhaust gas and dust. In order to enhance and adjust the air intake capacity of the air inlet shaft 12, a forced-in axial flow fan is provided at the top of the air inlet shaft 12.

[0025] The middle section of the middle ramp 3 is connected to the middle return air shaft 7 through the middle connecting tunnel 6, and the middle section of the deep ramp 5 is connected to the main return air shaft 14 through the deep connecting tunnel 13.

[0026] A first regulating wind window 10 is installed in the middle connecting tunnel 6, and a second regulating wind window 16 is installed in the deep connecting tunnel 13. The regulating wind windows can adjust the return air volume of each section of polluted air.

[0027] The air intake at the ramp entrance is calculated based on the air volume required to remove diesel smoke. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0028]

[0029] Where: Q s —Air volume required to remove diesel equipment fumes, m 3 / s;

[0030] q s —Air volume per unit power of diesel equipment, 3.5~4.0m 3 / min;

[0031] N—Total power of diesel equipment calculated based on the proportion of operating time, kW.

[0032] The exhaust volume of the exhaust auxiliary fan 9 accounts for more than 1 / 3 of the total air volume of the ramp, and the exhaust capacity of the middle return air shaft 7 and the air intake capacity of the air intake shaft 12 need to be considered to achieve the purification effect of exhaust gas and dust in the middle of the ramp.

[0033] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: air is taken in through the push-in main fan 2, the middle ramp 3 is connected with the main return air shaft 14 through the middle connecting lane 6 and the return air horizontal lane 8, and under the action of the exhaust auxiliary fan 9, part of the polluted air is discharged, and part of the fresh air is introduced through the air inlet horizontal lane 11, and the deep ramp 5 is connected with the main return air shaft 14 through the deep connecting lane 13 to discharge most of the polluted air.

[0034] For example, a lead-zinc mine in the western region is developed by combining adit + kilometer-long shaft / blind shaft + ramp. It is located in a high-altitude area, and the ramp entrance is 3065m above sea level. The vertical depth of the ramp is 843m, and the total length exceeds 8km. It is one of the main transportation channels for personnel, materials, and ores. Due to the long-distance ventilation of the ramp, the resistance is large. It is difficult to meet the ventilation needs of the ramp by using a separate exhaust ventilation, which is very likely to cause exhaust gas and dust accumulation, affecting production operations.

[0035] The mine is located in a high-altitude area with low air pressure and large ventilation resistance over long distances. The combined pressure and extraction ventilation method of the present invention is adopted, and three-stage combined pressure and extraction ventilation is set. The upper section is for pressure ventilation, and the middle section is for extraction ventilation. It is discharged into the main air shaft through the 2828m return air lane, and the shaft air is used as fresh air to enter the ramp at the 2702m middle section to avoid the accumulation of tail gas and dust. The deep section is for surface extraction ventilation. The deep ramp is directly connected to the main return air shaft, and the surface is extracted by the surface main fan.

[0036] The slope air volume is calculated based on the air volume required to remove diesel smoke, and the designed air volume is 80m 3 / s. To ensure normal air intake on the ramp, a forced-in fan is installed in the upper section. K40-8NO.22-110kW draw-out main fan is selected and installed in the upper section of the ramp, using a wall-free fan installation method.

[0037] The middle section polluted air is drawn to the middle section of 2882m through the middle return air shaft of 2552-2882m, and enters the main return air shaft through the return air level lane of 2882m. The middle return air shaft is connected with the ramp, and an adjustable wind window is set at the connecting lane. The shaft air enters the ramp through the middle level lane of 2702m to supplement the fresh air volume. The design of the 2882m exhaust auxiliary fan is K40-4NO.14-90kW, and the exhaust air volume is 40m 3 / s, the shaft air volume is 25m 3 / s.

[0038] The deep section ramp and the main return air shaft are directly connected through the connecting tunnel, and the surface main fan is used to extract the polluted air out of the ground. The designed surface main fan is DK40-6NO.21-2×200kW, and the return air volume is 105m 3 / s.

[0039] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0040] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A three-stage ramp pressure extraction ventilation system, comprising an upper ramp (1), characterized in that: The upper ramp (1) is provided with a push-in main fan (2); the end of the upper ramp (1) is connected to a plurality of sections of middle ramps (3); a first ventilation mechanism is provided in the middle ramp (3); the end of the middle ramp (3) is connected to a plurality of sections of deep ramps (5) via a transition ramp (4); a second ventilation mechanism is provided in the deep ramp (5); the push-in main fan (2) is provided at the upper ramp (1); ), the inner wall of the upper ramp (1) is used to expand the chamber, the push-in main fan (2) is installed in the chamber in a wall-free fan installation manner, the second ventilation mechanism includes a main return air shaft (14), the top of the main return air shaft (14) is connected to the ground surface, and a surface main fan (15) is installed, the first ventilation mechanism includes a middle return air shaft (7), the top of the middle return air shaft (7) is connected to a return air lane (8), The end of the return air lane (8) away from the middle return air shaft (7) is connected to the main return air shaft (14), and an exhaust type auxiliary fan (9) is installed in the return air lane (8). The bottom end of the multi-section middle ramp (3) is connected to the air inlet lane (11), and the top of the air inlet lane (11) is connected to the air inlet shaft (12). The top of the air inlet shaft (12) is connected to the ground surface. The middle section of the middle ramp (3) is connected to the main return air shaft (14) through the middle connecting lane (6). The middle return air shaft (7) is connected, the middle section of the deep ramp (5) is connected to the main return air shaft (14) through the deep connecting lane (13), the top of the air inlet shaft (12) is provided with a forced-in axial flow fan, the middle connecting lane (6) is provided with a first regulating air window (10), the deep connecting lane (13) is provided with a second regulating air window (16), the air intake volume at the ramp entrance is calculated according to the air volume required to remove diesel smoke, and the calculation formula is as follows: Where: Q s —Air volume required to remove diesel equipment fumes, m 3 / s; q s —Air volume per unit power of diesel equipment, 3.5~4.0m 3 / min; N—Total power of diesel equipment calculated based on the proportion of operating time, kW.

2. The three-stage pressure-extraction ventilation system for ramps according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The exhaust volume of the exhaust-type auxiliary fan (9) accounts for more than 1 / 3 of the total air volume of the ramp.

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