A gas pressure reducing and filtering device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a coal gas pressure reducing and filtering device, including a filter chamber, a pressure reducing chamber, an exhaust chamber, an ash hopper and a plurality of pressure reducing and exhausting mechanisms, wherein a plurality of filter cartridges are arranged inside the filter chamber, the ash hopper is arranged at the lower end of the filter chamber and is connected thereto, the pressure reducing chamber is arranged at the upper end of the filter chamber, and the exhaust chamber is arranged at the upper end of the pressure reducing chamber. The present invention can shorten the coal gas treatment process flow, and realize the filtering and pressure reducing functions at the same time; and can be used in parallel combination, and can select a suitable number of devices for treatment according to the amount of coal gas, which greatly reduces the cost of coal gas treatment, and at the same time reduces the impact on the coal gas treatment system when individual devices are repaired, so that the system can continue to work; and can also conveniently adjust the pressure reducing range of coal gas according to the pressure size and requirements required by the back-end production design.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of coal gas processing, and in particular to a coal gas pressure reducing and filtering device. Background Art

[0002] The main component of coal gas is carbon monoxide, which appears as a by-product of industrial production in many industrial production occasions. For example, coal gas is produced in blast furnace ironmaking, converter steelmaking, raw material preparation and molding of carbon materials, and the production process of closed ore-fired furnaces.

[0003] However, the physical properties of coal gas produced in industrial production processes are different, mainly reflected in different dust concentrations in the gas, different flue gas temperatures, different flue gas components, etc. For example: the temperature of coal gas produced during blast furnace ironmaking is generally 180-260℃ after water spraying and pre-dust removal, and the gas pressure is generally 0.1~0.3Mpa. The flue gas temperature of converter steelmaking gas (mainly refers to the primary flue gas of the converter) is generally 180~300℃, and the flue gas temperature is generally at normal pressure.

[0004] For coal gas with high pressure, the general treatment process is to first remove dust and then reduce pressure until the flue gas temperature and pressure are reduced to a level that is more suitable for downstream equipment to use, and then transport it to downstream storage cabinets, combustion equipment, etc. for use. The main disadvantages of this process are as follows: the treatment process is long, there are many process pipelines and equipment, and the maintenance workload is large. In addition, coal gas is toxic, and there is a risk of poisoning when employees replace and repair equipment; there are many pipelines and interfaces connecting equipment, which may leak and explode; the coal gas pressure relief equipment will release pressure before filtering, and there will be a high dust concentration in the flue gas, and the equipment will be severely worn. For this reason, a coal gas pressure relief filtration device is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to better decompress and filter coal gas with relatively high pressure, and a coal gas decompression and filtering device is provided.

[0006] The present invention solves the above technical problems through the following technical solutions. The present invention comprises a filter chamber, a decompression chamber, an exhaust chamber, an ash hopper and a plurality of decompression and exhaust mechanisms. A plurality of filter cartridges are arranged inside the filter chamber. The ash hopper is arranged at the lower end of the filter chamber and communicated with the filter chamber. The decompression chamber is arranged at the upper end of the filter chamber. The exhaust chamber is arranged at the upper end of the decompression chamber.

[0007] Each of the pressure reducing and exhausting mechanisms comprises a lifting control component, an exhaust control component and a pressure reducing regulating component. The pressure reducing regulating component is used to control the passage between the filter chamber and the pressure reducing chamber, and the exhaust control component is used to control the passage between the pressure reducing chamber and the exhaust chamber. Both the exhaust control component and the pressure reducing regulating component are connected to the lifting control component.

[0008] Furthermore, the lifting control assembly includes a lifting valve body, an outer valve stem, and an inner valve stem. The inner valve stem is arranged inside the outer valve stem, and the outer valve stem and the inner valve stem are both connected to the lifting valve body.

[0009] Furthermore, the pressure reducing regulating assembly includes a first partition plate arranged between the filter chamber and the pressure reducing chamber, a pressure reducing head, and a pressure reducing seat arranged on the first partition plate, the pressure reducing seat is penetrated by an upward expansion through hole, the upper end opening area of ​​the upward expansion through hole is larger than the lower end opening area, the first partition plate is provided with a vent connected to the upward expansion through hole, the shape of the pressure reducing head matches the shape of the upward expansion through hole, and is connected to the lower end of the inner valve stem, and the pressure reducing head is driven to rise and fall by the inner valve stem.

[0010] Furthermore, the exhaust control component includes a valve plate, a second partition plate arranged between the decompression chamber and the exhaust chamber, and an annular valve seat arranged on the second partition plate. The valve plate matches the size of the annular valve seat and can completely cover the annular valve seat. The second partition plate is provided with an exhaust hole, and the annular valve seat is arranged on the upper edge of the exhaust hole. The valve plate is connected to the lower end of the outer valve stem, and the valve plate is driven to rise and fall by the outer valve stem.

[0011] Furthermore, the coal gas pressure reducing and filtering device also includes two air inlets, which are respectively arranged on the filter chamber and the ash hopper.

[0012] Furthermore, the coal gas pressure reducing and filtering device further comprises a clean gas outlet, and the clean gas outlet is arranged on the exhaust chamber.

[0013] Furthermore, the coal gas pressure reducing and filtering device also includes at least three maintenance inlets, which are respectively arranged on the filtering chamber, the pressure reducing chamber, and the exhaust chamber.

[0014] Furthermore, the coal gas pressure reducing and filtering device also includes a blowing mechanism, which includes a blowing air bag, multiple pulse valves, multiple blowing pipes, and multiple nozzles. The multiple blowing pipes are respectively arranged above multiple filter cartridges, and the blowing air bag is arranged on the filter cavity. Each of the blowing pipes is connected to the blowing air bag through one of the pulse valves, and the nozzle is arranged on the blowing pipe.

[0015] Furthermore, the coal gas pressure reducing filtering device further comprises a flower plate, and the plurality of filter cartridges are arranged inside the filtering cavity through the flower plate.

[0016] Furthermore, the coal gas pressure reducing and filtering device also includes an air replacement pipeline and a nitrogen sealing pipeline, and the air replacement pipeline is respectively connected to the filter chamber, the pressure reducing chamber, and the exhaust chamber; the outlet of the nitrogen sealing pipeline is respectively connected to the annular valve seat and the pressure reducing seat.

[0017] Furthermore, the decompression seat and the decompression head are made of ceramic material. When the decompression seat is working, its flow velocity can reach a maximum of 60m / s, or even higher. As the gas flow rate increases, the wear rate of the particles in the gas on the material increases in a square relationship. In order to prevent material wear, the upward expansion through hole of the decompression seat is made of wear-resistant ceramic material. This is mainly due to the high hardness of ceramic materials and their good resistance to dust entrained by high-speed airflow dust. In addition, the linear expansion coefficient of non-metallic materials is small, and their sealing performance is better when the temperature changes.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: the coal gas pressure reducing and filtering device can shorten the coal gas treatment process and realize the filtering and pressure reducing functions at the same time; it can be used in parallel combination, and a suitable number of devices can be selected for treatment according to the amount of coal gas, which greatly reduces the cost of coal gas treatment and reduces the impact on the coal gas treatment system when individual devices are repaired, so that the system can continue to work; it can also conveniently adjust the coal gas pressure reduction range according to the pressure size and requirements required by the back-end production design. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 is an enlarged view of the pressure reducing and exhausting mechanism of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The cross-sectional view at AA of ;

[0022] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 The cross-sectional view at DD;

[0023] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 The cross-sectional view at EE of ;

[0024] Figure 6 yes Figure 1 Cross-sectional view at FF. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following is a detailed description of an embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation method and a specific operation process are given, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiment.

[0026] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, this embodiment provides a technical solution: a coal gas decompression filtering device, comprising a filter chamber 1, a decompression chamber 2, an exhaust chamber 3, an ash hopper 4 and three decompression exhaust mechanisms, wherein the ash hopper 4 is arranged at the lower end of the filter chamber 1 and communicated with the filter chamber 1, the decompression chamber 2 is arranged at the upper end of the filter chamber 1, and the exhaust chamber 3 is arranged at the upper end of the decompression chamber 2;

[0027] Each of the decompression and exhaust mechanisms includes a lifting control component, an exhaust control component and a decompression regulating component. The filter chamber 1 and the decompression chamber 2 are connected and closed by the decompression regulating component, and the decompression chamber 2 and the exhaust chamber 3 are connected and closed by the exhaust control component. The lifting control component controls the positions of the exhaust control component and the decompression regulating component, thereby completing the connection and closing state between the filter chamber 1 and the decompression chamber 2, and between the decompression chamber 2 and the exhaust chamber 3.

[0028] The lifting control assembly includes a lifting valve body 71, an outer valve stem 72, and an inner valve stem 73. The inner valve stem 73 is arranged inside the outer valve stem 72. The outer valve stem 72 and the inner valve stem 73 are both connected to the lifting valve body 71 and lifted upward by the driving of the lifting valve body 71. The outer valve stem 72 and the inner valve stem 73 work asynchronously. The upper end of the outer valve stem 72 is connected to the lifting valve 71, and the lower end is connected to the pressure reducing head 212. The pressure reducing head 212 is driven up and down by the cylinder of the lifting valve body 71 to control the cross-sectional area of ​​the annular air duct between the pressure reducing head 212 and the pressure reducing seat 213, thereby controlling the amplitude of the pressure reduction. The upper end of the outer valve stem 73 is connected to the lifting valve body 71, and the lower end is connected to the circular valve plate 312. The circular valve plate 312 is driven up and down by the cylinder of the lifting valve body 71 to control the on-off of the gas between the entire exhaust chamber 3 and the pressure reducing chamber 2. Generally, the pressure reducing regulating assembly is allowed to open only when the circular valve plate 312 is opened, and the specification of the lifting valve is Φ100×350.

[0029] The pneumatic head of the cylinder in the lift valve body 71 is designed with a special driving structure, which can ensure that only the outer valve stem 72 or the inner valve stem 73 can be driven during driving. The cylinder head has two inner and outer driving heads. The two driving heads are powered by the same cylinder, and the air circuit system of each driving head is equipped with a set of five-position three-way valves and corresponding pipelines. When the inner valve stem 73 or the outer valve stem 72 needs to be actuated, it is only necessary to open the corresponding five-position three-way valve to drive the corresponding valve stem to move, thereby driving the corresponding inner valve stem 73 or the outer valve stem 72 to move.

[0030] The decompression regulating assembly includes a first baffle 211 disposed between the filter chamber 1 and the decompression chamber 2, a decompression head 212, and a decompression seat 213 disposed on the upper surface of the first baffle 211. An upward expansion through hole is longitudinally penetrated at the center of the decompression seat 213, and the upper end opening of the upward expansion through hole is larger than the lower end opening. The first baffle 211 is provided with an air vent 214 tightly connected to the lower end of the upward expansion through hole. The shape of the decompression head 212 matches the structure of the upward expansion through hole, and is fixedly connected to the lower end of the inner valve stem 73, and can be driven to rise and fall by the inner valve stem 73, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the gas channel between the filter chamber 1 and the decompression chamber 2. The filter chamber 1, the air vent 214, and the upward expansion through hole constitute a structure similar to a venturi tube;

[0031] The grooves on each pressure reducing seat 213 cooperate with the grooves on the surface of the corresponding pressure reducing head 212. When the pressure reducing head 212 is lowered into place, the two grooves form a sealed ring, and the nitrogen sealing pipeline 8 passes nitrogen into the ring, thereby preventing the carbon monoxide in the filter chamber 1 from leaking into the pressure reducing chamber 2 through the tiny gap between the pressure reducing seat 213 and the pressure reducing head 212 when the pressure reducing seat 213 and the pressure reducing head 212 are closed, causing poisoning of the maintenance personnel. Similarly, the annular valve seat 313 and the circular valve plate 312 also have similar groove structures, so that the gap can be sealed through the nitrogen sealing pipeline 8 when they are closed.

[0032] The exhaust control assembly includes a circular valve plate 312, a second partition plate 311 disposed between the decompression chamber 2 and the exhaust chamber 3, and an annular valve seat 313 disposed on the second partition plate 311. The circular valve plate 312 matches the size of the annular valve seat 313 and can completely cover the annular valve seat 313. An exhaust hole 314 is disposed on the second partition plate 311. The annular valve seat 313 is disposed at the upper edge of the exhaust hole 314. The circular valve plate 312 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the outer valve stem 72 and can be lifted and lowered by the outer valve stem 72, so as to cooperate with the annular valve seat 313 to control the opening and closing of the gas passage between the decompression chamber 2 and the exhaust chamber 3.

[0033] The gas pressure reducing and filtering device further comprises two air inlets, which are respectively arranged on the side wall of the filter chamber 1 (ie the spiral air inlet pipe 13) and the lower side wall of the ash hopper 4. Different air inlet channels can be selected according to the state of the gas.

[0034] The coal gas decompression and filtering device further comprises a clean gas outlet 32, which is arranged at the upper end of the outer wall of one side of the exhaust chamber 3, and is used to discharge the filtered and decompressed gas.

[0035] The coal gas pressure reducing and filtering device further comprises three maintenance entrances which are respectively arranged on the outer wall of each chamber for maintenance personnel to perform maintenance on the internal components of the device.

[0036] The coal gas pressure reducing and filtering device also includes a blowing mechanism, which includes a blowing air bag 51, a pulse valve, a blowing pipe 52, and a nozzle. The blowing pipe 52 is respectively arranged above each filter cartridge 11 inside the filter chamber 1, and each nozzle faces the opening above each filter cartridge 11. When necessary, the filter cartridge 11 is sprayed to remove the dust intercepted on the outer surface of the filter cartridge 11, and the dust falls into the ash hopper 4 and is centrally processed, thereby ensuring the flux of the filter cartridge 11.

[0037] The gas pressure reducing and filtering device further comprises a flower plate 12, and a plurality of filter cartridges 11 are fixed by the flower plate 12, and the plurality of filter cartridges 11 are distributed in parallel in the longitudinal direction.

[0038] The coal gas pressure reducing and filtering device also includes an air replacement pipeline 9 and a nitrogen sealing pipeline 8. The air replacement pipeline 9 is connected to the three cavities respectively. When replacing parts, personnel need to open the air replacement pipeline 9 before entering, and can enter for maintenance only when the oxygen content of the gas reaches a safe range; the outlets of the nitrogen sealing pipeline 8 are respectively arranged at the annular valve seat 313 and the pressure reducing seat 213. In order to prevent gas leakage between the cavities when the annular valve seat 313 and the pressure reducing seat 213 are closed, nitrogen is introduced into the annular valve seat 313 and the pressure reducing seat 213 to seal them.

[0039] In order to prevent the pressure reducing seat 213 and the pressure reducing head 212 from being loosely closed, a nitrogen sealing pipeline 8 is used to regularly purge the two to avoid dust contamination between the two and resulting in a loose seal. In most cases, the working medium of the device contains a certain amount of dust, especially in the filter chamber 1 where the dust concentration is greater, and the seal between the pressure reducing seat 213 and the pressure reducing head 212 must be tightly matched to achieve the purpose of pressure reduction and sealing.

[0040] The pressure reducing regulating component uses the principle of gas expansion to do work and thin-walled orifice outflow to achieve the purpose of pressure reducing. It mainly changes the flow area by adjusting the area of ​​the "throat" of the adjustable venturi tube structure, thereby achieving the purpose of pressure reducing. That is, when the pressure reducing head 212 descends, the cross-sectional area of ​​the annular air duct formed between the upward expansion through hole and the pressure reducing head 212 is constantly decreasing, which is equivalent to adjusting the area of ​​the "throat" of the venturi tube.

[0041] The filtered gas passes through the pressure reducing regulating assembly installed on the top of the filter chamber and then enters the pressure reducing chamber 2. According to the outflow flow calculation formula of the thin-walled orifice:

[0042] Where, Q is the gas flow rate; ε is the flow rate coefficient; is the flow coefficient; A is the flow area; H is the working section pressure difference.

[0043] When other conditions remain unchanged, the flow area A and the square root of the pressure difference of the working section are inversely proportional. That is, the larger the area of ​​the pipeline flow, the smaller the pressure difference of the working section.

[0044] The pressure reducing seat 213 and the pressure reducing head 212 are mainly made of ceramic materials. When the pressure reducing seat 213 is working, its flow velocity can reach a maximum of 60m / s, or even higher. As the gas flow rate increases, the wear rate of the particles in the gas on the material increases in a square relationship. In order to prevent the wear of the material, the upward expansion through hole of the pressure reducing seat 213 is made of wear-resistant ceramic material. This is mainly due to the high hardness of the ceramic material and its good resistance to dust held by high-speed air flow dust. In addition, the linear expansion coefficient of non-metallic materials is small, and its sealing performance is better when the temperature changes.

[0045] When in use, one device is used as a processing unit, and multiple processing units are connected in parallel to form a gas processing system to process the gas. In this way, the appropriate number of processing units can be selected according to the amount of gas, thereby greatly reducing the gas processing cost.

[0046] Working principle: coal gas enters from the air inlet on the side wall below the ash hopper 4, and is filtered by multiple filter cartridges 11 inside the filter chamber 1. When smaller dust particles flow through the outer surface of the filter material with the air flow, the dust collides, condenses, screens, and is trapped with the filter material, and the dust is enriched on the outer surface of the filter cartridge 11. The filtered coal gas enters the outward-expanding through holes inside each pressure reducing seat 213 through three air vents 214. At this time, the lifting valve body 71 is used to control the inner valve stem 73 to change the cross-sectional area of ​​the annular air duct formed between the upward-expanding through hole and the pressure reducing head 212, so as to adjust the pressure reduction range of the coal gas according to the pressure size and requirements required by the back-end production design. At the same time, the outer valve stem 72 is lifted at the same time under the control of the lifting valve body 71, and the circular valve plate 312 is separated from the annular valve seat 313, and the channel between the exhaust chamber 3 and the pressure reducing chamber 2 is opened, so that the clean gas reaching the standard is discharged from the clean gas outlet 32 ​​to the back-end processing node, which is more practical.

[0047] In summary, the gas pressure reducing and filtering device can shorten the gas treatment process and realize the filtering and pressure reducing functions at the same time; it can also be used in parallel combination, and the appropriate number of devices can be selected for treatment according to the amount of gas, which greatly reduces the gas treatment cost and reduces the impact of individual device maintenance on the gas treatment system, so that the system can continue to work; it can also conveniently adjust the gas pressure reduction range according to the pressure size and requirements required by the back-end production design.

[0048] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0049] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0050] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and vary the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gas pressure reducing and filtering device, characterized in that: It includes a filter chamber, a decompression chamber, an exhaust chamber, an ash hopper and a plurality of decompression and exhaust mechanisms, wherein a plurality of filter cartridges are arranged inside the filter chamber, the ash hopper, the filter chamber, the decompression chamber and the exhaust chamber are arranged in sequence from bottom to top, and the ash hopper is connected to the filter chamber; Each of the decompression and exhaust mechanisms comprises a lifting control component, an exhaust control component and a decompression regulating component. The filter chamber and the decompression chamber are controlled to be open and closed by the decompression regulating component, and the decompression chamber and the exhaust chamber are controlled to be open and closed by the exhaust control component. The exhaust control component and the decompression regulating component are both connected to the lifting control component. The lifting control assembly comprises a lifting valve body, an outer valve stem, and an inner valve stem, wherein the inner valve stem is arranged inside the outer valve stem, and the outer valve stem and the inner valve stem are both connected to the lifting valve body; The decompression regulating assembly comprises a first baffle plate arranged between the filter cavity and the decompression cavity, a decompression head, and a decompression seat arranged on the first baffle plate, an upward expansion through hole is longitudinally penetrated at the center of the decompression seat, the upper end opening area of ​​the upward expansion through hole is larger than the lower end opening area, an air vent connected to the upward expansion through hole is arranged on the first baffle plate, the shape of the decompression head matches the shape of the upward expansion through hole, and is connected to the lower end of the inner valve stem, and the decompression head is driven to rise and fall by the inner valve stem; The exhaust control assembly includes a valve plate, a second baffle plate disposed between the decompression chamber and the exhaust chamber, and an annular valve seat disposed on the second baffle plate. The valve plate and the annular valve seat match in size and can completely cover the annular valve seat. The second baffle plate is provided with an exhaust hole. The annular valve seat is disposed on the upper edge of the exhaust hole. The valve plate is connected to the lower end of the outer valve stem. The valve plate is driven to rise and fall by the outer valve stem. The coal gas pressure reducing and filtering device further comprises two air inlets, which are respectively arranged on the filter chamber and the ash hopper. The coal gas pressure reducing and filtering device further comprises a clean gas outlet, which is arranged on the exhaust chamber.

2. A gas pressure reducing and filtering device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coal gas pressure reducing and filtering device further comprises at least three maintenance inlets, which are respectively arranged on the filtering chamber, the pressure reducing chamber and the exhaust chamber.

3. A gas pressure reducing and filtering device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coal gas pressure reducing and filtering device also includes a blowing mechanism, which includes a blowing air bag, multiple pulse valves, multiple blowing pipes, and multiple nozzles. The multiple blowing pipes are respectively arranged above multiple filter cartridges, and the blowing air bag is arranged on the filter cavity. Each of the blowing pipes is connected to the blowing air bag through one of the pulse valves, and the nozzle is arranged on the blowing pipe.

4. A gas pressure reducing and filtering device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coal gas pressure reducing filter device further comprises a flower plate, and the plurality of filter cartridges are arranged inside the filter cavity through the flower plate.

5. The gas pressure reducing and filtering device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coal gas pressure reducing and filtering device further comprises an air replacement pipeline and a nitrogen sealing pipeline. The air replacement pipeline is respectively connected to the filter chamber, the pressure reducing chamber and the exhaust chamber; the outlet end of the nitrogen sealing pipeline is respectively connected to the annular valve seat and the pressure reducing seat.

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