A knee joint lateral meniscus graft and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a lateral meniscus implant of a knee joint and a preparation method thereof, comprising a lateral meniscus body, a first bone block, a second bone block and a ligament connector; the lateral meniscus body is O-shaped and the lower bottom surface is a plane, the first bone block and the second bone block are respectively connected to the front corner and the rear corner of the lateral meniscus body; the ligament connector comprises an anterior ligament connector and a posterior ligament connector, wherein the anterior ligament connector comprises an anterior meniscus tibial ligament and a middle meniscus tibial ligament, and the posterior ligament connector is composed of a posterior meniscus tibial ligament alone, wherein the anterior meniscus tibial ligament, the middle meniscus tibial ligament and the posterior meniscus tibial ligament are separated; the invention utilizes the meniscus tibial ligament connected to the tibia around the lateral meniscus as a ligament connector, which can more biomimetically reconstruct the anatomical stability similar to that of a natural meniscus and restore the connection between it and the tibia, and can be suitable for all commonly used meniscus transplantation methods.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular to a lateral meniscus graft of a knee joint and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] See also Figure 1 , is a schematic diagram of the human knee joint bones, meniscus and ligaments. Figure 1 As shown, the knee joint is composed of the lower end of the femur 5, the upper end of the tibia 4 and the patella 6, as well as other accessory structures such as the patellar ligament 7. The meniscus is located above the tibia 4 between the tibia 4 and the femur 5, and is divided into the medial meniscus 20 and the lateral meniscus 10, which is an important structure of the knee joint. The meniscus has important functions such as transmitting and dispersing loads, absorbing shocks, improving the morphological matching of the femur 5 and the tibia 4, lubricating the joint, and helping to maintain the front-to-back direction and rotational stability of the knee joint. It bears loads such as pressure, shear force, and tension. Therefore, meniscus injury is one of the most common sports injuries.

[0003] Partial and total meniscectomy are common treatments for meniscus injuries, especially white zone and red-white zone injuries. As of 2014, more than 1.5 million cases were treated each year in the United States and Europe. Mid- and long-term clinical follow-up results have confirmed that premature and progressive articular cartilage degeneration will occur after total meniscectomy, and eventually lead to knee osteoarthritis. The development of meniscus suturing and repair technology has enabled more meniscus tissue to be preserved, and the healed meniscus tissue can retain a relatively complete biomechanical function. However, not all meniscus tears can be sutured.

[0004] Allogeneic meniscus transplantation can improve the function of the knee joint with severe damage and missing meniscus and relieve the symptoms such as pain and swelling after meniscectomy. The current lateral meniscus transplant of the knee joint usually includes a lateral meniscus body and a bone bridge connecting the front and back corners. The lateral meniscus body is an allogeneic meniscus tissue, and the bone bridge connecting the front and back corners is prepared by the allogeneic tibial platform, and is rectangular and fixedly connected between the front and back corners of the lateral meniscus body. However, the position and size of each person's meniscus are personalized. The use of a fixedly connected bone bridge is not conducive to adjusting the position of the front and back corners of the meniscus after transplantation to meet the patient receiving the meniscus transplant. In addition, the transplant structure mainly relies on the medial front and back corners to connect the bone bridge and the tibia for fixation, and the stability and overall stability of the meniscus body cannot be guaranteed.

[0005] Therefore, in view of the above shortcomings, it is necessary to provide a structure of a lateral meniscus transplant and a preparation method thereof. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a human knee joint allogeneic lateral meniscus transplant with a ligament connector and a preparation method thereof, in view of the defects of low matching degree of the fixing structure of the existing knee joint lateral meniscus transplant and low reliability of reconstructing the stability around the meniscus during meniscus transplantation.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a lateral meniscus implant for a knee joint, comprising a lateral meniscus body, a first bone block, a second bone block and a ligament connector; the lateral meniscus body is O-shaped and the lower bottom surface is a plane, the first bone block and the second bone block are respectively connected to the anterior corner and the posterior corner of the lateral meniscus body; the ligament connector comprises an anterior ligament connector and a posterior ligament connector, wherein the anterior ligament connector comprises an anterior meniscus tibial ligament and a middle meniscus tibial ligament, the length of the anterior ligament connector accounts for two-thirds of the length of the outer edge of the lateral meniscus, and the posterior ligament connector is composed of a posterior meniscus tibial ligament alone, wherein the anterior meniscus tibial ligament, the middle meniscus tibial ligament and the posterior meniscus tibial ligament are separated; the posterior ligament connector extends from the edge of the lateral meniscus body and its length accounts for one-fourth of the length of the outer edge of the lateral meniscus.

[0008] In the lateral meniscus implant of the knee joint according to the present invention, preferably, the lateral meniscus body, the first bone block, the second bone block, and the ligament connector are all made of human allogeneic tissue.

[0009] In the lateral meniscus implant of the knee joint according to the present invention, preferably, the two end heads of the lateral meniscus body are respectively anterior horns and posterior horns, the first bone block and the second bone block are respectively made of tibial bone tissue parts connected to the anterior horn and the posterior horn, and the ligament connector is made of the meniscus-tibial ligament that forms a bony connection with the lateral meniscus and the tibia.

[0010] In the lateral meniscus implant of the knee joint according to the present invention, preferably, the first bone block and the second bone block are both in a square, cylindrical or rectangular shape and are composed of cartilage, subchondral bone and bone.

[0011] In the lateral meniscus graft of the knee joint according to the present invention, preferably, during the Key-Hole bone bridge fixation, a rectangular bone groove is opened at the lateral intercondylar ridge of the tibial plateau, and the first bone block and the second bone block are trimmed into a rectangle and inserted into the bone groove for fixation.

[0012] In the lateral meniscus implant of the knee joint according to the present invention, preferably, during bone plug fixation, a section is opened on the top of the tibia, two cylindrical bone channels are drilled on the section, and the first bone block and the second bone block are trimmed into a cylindrical shape and inserted into the two bone channels for fixation respectively.

[0013] In the lateral meniscus implant of the knee joint according to the present invention, preferably, during the bone-block-free fixation, braided wires are pulled inside the anterior and posterior corners, and both ends of the braided wires are embedded in the tibia for internal fixation.

[0014] In the lateral meniscus implant of the knee joint according to the present invention, preferably, the anterior-posterior diameter of the lateral meniscus body ranges from 20 mm to 70 mm, and the lateral diameter of the lateral meniscus body ranges from 20 mm to 50 mm; the width of the first bone block and the second bone block is between 5 mm and 20 mm, the length of the first bone block and the second bone block is between 5 mm and 35 mm, and the thickness of the first bone block and the second bone block is between 5 mm and 30 mm.

[0015] In the lateral meniscus implant of the knee joint according to the present invention, preferably, the inner and outer edges of the anterior corner and the posterior corner are free edge and synovial edge respectively, the thickness of the free edge is between 1 and 2 mm, and the thickness of the synovial edge is between 4 and 20 mm.

[0016] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a lateral meniscus implant of a knee joint, comprising the following steps:

[0017] The lateral meniscus graft of the knee joint is prepared by taking the human allogeneic lateral meniscus, the osteochondral tissue of the tibia connected to the anterior and posterior corners of the lateral meniscus, and the meniscus-tibia ligament connecting the lateral meniscus body and the tibia; wherein the lateral meniscus is in an "O" shape, and the lower bottom surface is cut into a plane, and the upper surface is a concave surface; the attached tibial osteochondral part is cut into a first bone block and a second bone block connected to the anterior corner and the posterior corner of the lateral meniscus body respectively. The ligament connector connected to the lateral meniscus body and the connection of the meniscus remain intact, and the ligament connector is completely peeled off from the tibia attachment, so that it is completely attached to the lateral meniscus body. In this way, the preparation is completed, and a human allogeneic lateral meniscus graft is formed with the meniscus body as the main body, the first bone block of the anterior corner of the body attached, the second bone block of the posterior corner of the body attached, and the ligament connector extending from the edge of the body.

[0018] Disinfection and safety testing of lateral knee meniscus grafts were performed.

[0019] The implementation of the human knee joint lateral meniscus transplant and the preparation method thereof of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the present invention adopts a method in which the anterior and posterior corners have bone blocks separated from each other, and the fixing position of the anterior and posterior corners of the meniscus can be adjusted as necessary according to the variation of the meniscus; the method in which the first bone block and the second bone block are separated makes the transplant suitable for all three current surgical methods of lateral meniscus transplantation, and each surgical method is easier to achieve the reconstruction and fixation of the anatomical position of the meniscus, and can better adapt to the personalized differences in the position and size of the meniscus of different patients; and the present invention uses a ligament connector naturally connected to the lateral meniscus body to connect and fix the transplanted meniscus to the upper part of the patient's tibia, which can achieve the fixing effect of the connection method between the natural meniscus and the tibia. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a diagram of the human knee bones;

[0021] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a lateral meniscus implant of a knee joint according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of transplantation of a lateral meniscus transplant of a knee joint according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a lateral meniscus graft of a knee joint according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention that can be applied to a bone groove fixation transplantation method;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a transplantation method in which a lateral meniscus graft of a knee joint according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is applicable to the braided fixation of the anterior and posterior corners of a meniscus body without bone blocks.

[0025] In the figure: 1. lateral meniscus body; 11. anterior horn; 12. posterior horn; 13. free edge; 14. synovial edge; 21. first bone block; 22. second bone block; 3. ligament connector; 31. anterior ligament connector; 32. posterior ligament connector; 4. tibia; 41. section; 42. bone channel; 43. bone groove; 44. braided wire; 5. femur; 6. patella; 7. patellar ligament. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] See also Figure 2 , is a schematic diagram of a lateral meniscus implant of a knee joint according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 As shown, the lateral meniscus graft of the knee joint comprises a lateral meniscus body 1, a first bone block 21, a second bone block 22 and a ligament connector 3. The lateral meniscus body 1 is O-shaped and the lower bottom surface is a plane. The two ends of the lateral meniscus body 1 are respectively anterior horns 11 and posterior horns 12, and the first bone block 21 and the second bone block 22 are respectively made of tibial bone tissue parts connected by the anterior horns 11 and the posterior horns 12. The ligament connector 3 is coated on the outside of the lateral meniscus body 1 and extends downward.

[0028] Please refer to Figure 3 , is a transplantation schematic diagram of a lateral meniscus graft of a knee joint according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. A cut surface 41 is provided on the tibia 4 of the patient to be implanted with the meniscus, and two bone tunnels 42 are provided at the anterior and posterior corners of the lateral meniscus of the tibia 4, respectively, penetrating the cut surface 41. During implantation, the lower bottom surface of the lateral meniscus body 1 fits with the lateral tibial plateau surface 41, the first bone block 21 and the second bone block 22 are respectively inserted into the two bone tunnels 42 in the tibia 4, and the ligament connector 3 is connected to the outer lower edge of the lateral meniscus body 1 and the outer upper edge bone structure of the lateral plateau of the patient's tibia 4.

[0029] On the one hand, the present invention adopts a method of fixing the first bone block 21 and the second bone block 22 with separated anterior and posterior angles, which can fully adjust the fixed position of the anterior and posterior angles according to the variation of the meniscus, making it easier to achieve anatomical reconstruction of the meniscus and more suitable for the personalized differences in the position and size of the meniscus of different patients; the first bone block 21 and the second bone block 22 of the present invention are separated and present a square, cylindrical or rectangular shape, which can make the graft of the present invention suitable for the fixation of the anterior and posterior angles of the meniscus body in all three commonly used lateral meniscus transplant operations. On the other hand, the present invention is conducive to fixing the graft to the upper part of the patient's tibia 4 through the ligament connector 3 naturally connected to the lateral meniscus body 1, which can make the graft more effectively fixed and achieve the reconstruction of the anatomical stability of the graft.

[0030] Preferably, the lower bottom surface of the lateral meniscus body 1 of the present invention is processed into a plane so as to better fit the cut surface 41 and improve the stability of the transplantation. The lateral meniscus implant of the knee joint of the present invention can be of different sizes. The value range of the anterior-posterior diameter of the lateral meniscus body 1 is preferably but not limited to 20mm to 70mm, and the value range of the left-right diameter is preferably but not limited to 20mm to 50mm. In other words, the anterior-posterior diameter of the lateral meniscus body 1 is at least 20mm and at most 70mm, and the left-right diameter is at least 20mm and at most 50mm, which can adapt to the size of the meniscus of the general public, realize one-to-one precise transplantation, and ensure that the meniscus has excellent adaptability. The inner and outer edges of the anterior angle 11 and the posterior angle 12 are the free edge 13 and the synovial edge 14, respectively. The thickness of the free edge 13 is between 1 and 2mm, and the thickness of the synovial edge 14 is between 4 and 20mm. The thickness gradually increases from the thinnest to the thickest.

[0031] Combination Figure 2 , Figure 3 The first bone block 21 and the second bone block 22 are composed of cartilage, subchondral bone and bone. During the bone plug fixation, a cut surface 41 is opened on the top of the tibia 4, and two cylindrical bone channels 42 are drilled on the cut surface 41. The first bone block 21 and the second bone block 22 are trimmed into a square or cylindrical shape and inserted into the two bone channels 42 for fixation. The two bone blocks are trimmed into cylindrical bone plugs with the same diameter and inserted into the two cylindrical bone channels 42, making the implant structure more stable.

[0032] like Figure 4 As shown, during the Key-Hole bone bridge fixation, a rectangular bone groove 43 is opened at the lateral intercondylar ridge of the tibial plateau 4, and the first bone block 21 and the second bone block 22 are trimmed into a rectangle and inserted into the bone groove 42 for fixation.

[0033] like Figure 5 As shown, during the boneless fixation, a braided wire 44 is pulled inside the anterior corner 11 and the posterior corner 12, and both ends of the braided wire 44 are embedded in the tibia 4 for internal fixation. The braided wire 44 is woven and sutured in an "8" shape, and the braided wire 44 can be fixed on the tibia 4 to complete the fixation of the meniscus transplant.

[0034] Preferably, the ligament connector 3 includes an anterior ligament connector 31 and a posterior ligament connector 32, wherein the anterior ligament connector 31 includes the anterior meniscus tibial ligament and the middle meniscus tibial ligament, and the length of the anterior ligament connector 31 accounts for two-thirds of the length of the outer edge of the lateral meniscus, so that the stability of the lateral meniscus body 1 after surgery can be restored to a normal state; the posterior ligament connector 32 is composed of the posterior meniscus tibial ligament alone, wherein the anterior meniscus tibial ligament, the middle meniscus tibial ligament and the posterior meniscus tibial ligament are separated; the posterior ligament connector 32 extends from the edge of the lateral meniscus body 1 and its length accounts for one-quarter of the length of the outer edge of the lateral meniscus, so in some other implementation schemes, there may be a gap between the posterior ligament connector 32 and the anterior ligament connector 31.

[0035] In some embodiments of the present invention, the lateral meniscus implant of the knee joint can be made of tissue engineering materials, including natural biomaterials and artificial synthetic biomaterials, such as polyvinyl alcohol-hydrogel (PVA-H), gelatin sponge, collagen, alginate, polyglycolic acid (PGA), polylactic acid (PLA), fibrin gel, etc. For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, the lateral meniscus body 1, the first bone plug 21 and the second bone plug 22 can all be made of 3D printed polylactic acid-polycaprolactone copolymer P (LLA-CL) scaffold material. The ligament connector 3 can be made of biomaterials that are well known to basic technicians in this field and can be applied to biomimetic ligaments. The lateral meniscus implant of the knee joint can also be further subjected to in vitro cell culture on the above-mentioned tissue engineering scaffold material to obtain corresponding biomimetic tissue.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lateral meniscus graft of the knee joint is made of allogeneic tissue, that is, the lateral meniscus body 1, the first bone block 21 and the second bone block 22, the anterior ligament connector 31, and the posterior ligament connector 32 are all made of allogeneic tissue. More preferably, the above-mentioned parts are taken from the same individual. Among them, the lateral meniscus body 1 is made of an allogeneic lateral meniscus, the first bone block 21 and the second bone block 22 are taken from the tibial part naturally connected to the lateral meniscus, and the removed first bone block 21 and the second bone block 22 are still naturally connected to the lateral meniscus body 1. The anterior ligament connector 31 and the posterior ligament connector 32 are taken from the meniscus-tibial ligaments naturally connected to the lateral meniscus. In the existing transplantation operation, usually only the meniscus body and the front and rear corners are taken out for transplantation. For patients who have removed the edge of the meniscus, the operator will suture and fix the meniscus graft on the joint capsule. This is not the place where the meniscus is connected, so the normal position and function of the meniscus cannot be reconstructed. The reason why the meniscus tibia ligament is not taken out is that the producer of the meniscus graft and the doctor using it all assume in advance that the outer edge of the meniscus body after the meniscus removal of the patient still retains a body of 2-32mm, so that the ligament connector 3 connected to the outer edge and the tibia will also exist, and the ligament connector 3 is not needed. However, the actual situation is that the outer edge of the meniscus body 1 and the ligament connector 3 of most patients with total meniscus removal are all removed. The present invention takes out the meniscus tibia ligament as the anterior ligament connector 31 and the posterior ligament connector 32, which can make the body of the meniscus graft more effectively transplanted and fixed in this case, and achieve the reconstruction of anatomical stability and anatomical normal structure. Moreover, in case of patients with the outer edge of the meniscus body and the ligament connector 3, the ligament connector of the present invention can be removed and the patient's own ligament connector can be used. Therefore, the present invention can be suitable for all patient needs.

[0037] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a lateral meniscus implant of a knee joint, comprising the following steps:

[0038] (1) Take the allogeneic lateral meniscus and the part of the tibia bone cartilage block at the anterior and posterior corners of the lateral meniscus and the complete structure of the menisco-tibial ligament to make a lateral meniscus transplant of the knee joint. Among them, the lateral meniscus is O-shaped and the lower bottom surface is a natural plane; the tibia part is cut into a first bone block 21 and a second bone block 22 that are naturally connected to the anterior corner and the posterior corner of the lower bottom surface of the lateral meniscus body (1). The menisco-tibial ligament naturally connected to the lateral meniscus constitutes the anterior ligament connector 31 and the posterior ligament connector 32. The lateral meniscus, tibial cartilage and menisco-tibial ligament used in the transplant of the present invention must be taken from healthy donors aged 18 to 44 within 12 hours of death to ensure that the physiological structure of the meniscus used for transplantation is excellent and to ensure excellent post-transplantation effects.

[0039] (2) The lateral meniscus graft of the knee joint is disinfected and tested for safety to obtain the final product. The lateral meniscus body removed from a healthy donor should be white or slightly yellow, in a healthy state with a shiny surface without tears, and the bone block should be red or slightly yellow. The graft is sterilized by 25kGy radiation to ensure that the lateral meniscus body 1 to be transplanted is healthy without loss, while killing possible pathogenic microorganisms or contaminants to avoid disease transmission to the patient. Before transplantation, the lateral meniscus body 1, the anterior ligament connector 31 and the posterior ligament connector 32 have been quality controlled for cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, sensitization, pyrogen and hemolysis in accordance with the requirements of passive implants of Class III medical devices, so that the meniscus used for transplantation has extremely high safety and avoids adverse reactions in patients.

[0040] The following is an introduction to the transplantation process of the lateral meniscus graft of the knee joint of the present invention, which includes the following steps:

[0041] Ⅰ. Under the guidance of the anterior cruciate ligament locator, the original anterior and posterior corners of the meniscus are used as reference points, and two bone tunnels are drilled with a guide needle and a hollow drill 42;

[0042] Ⅱ. Push the outer meniscus body 1, the first bone block 21 and the second bone block 22 into the joint cavity between the tibia 4 and the femur 5, and pull the first bone block 21 and the second bone block 22 out from the corresponding bone channels 42 on the anterior and posterior corners through the PDS line, and tighten the sutures to embed the bone blocks into the bone channels 42 of the anterior and posterior corners; if the transplantation method of fixing the anterior and posterior corners of the meniscus by braiding the anterior and posterior corners is used, the first bone block 21 and the second bone block 22 are removed, and the "8" braiding suture of the anterior and posterior corners is performed, and the anterior and posterior corners of the meniscus are fixed by sutures. If the Key-Hole bone groove is used for fixation, the first bone block 21 and the second bone block 22 are embedded end to end in the bone groove 43. Therefore, the transplant of the present invention is suitable for all current mainstream meniscus transplantation surgeries.

[0043] III. The first bone block 21 and the second bone block 22 of the anterior and posterior corners are embedded and fixed, or the bone blocks of the anterior and posterior corners are removed and sutured with an "8" braid and then fixed on the tibia with braided thread, or the first bone block 21 and the second bone block 22 of the anterior and posterior corners are embedded and fixed end to end in the bone groove 43. Then, with the outer edge of the lateral meniscus body 1 of 2mm to 32mm and the ligament connector 3, the graft is sutured to the edge of the lateral meniscus body 1. At this time, the ligament connector of the graft itself can be cleaned and removed.

[0044] IV. In most cases, the outer edge of the patient's lateral meniscus body 1 is completely or partially removed, and the ligament connector 3 of the transplant is retained and fixed to the original ligament connector stop point on the outer edge of the tibia. For patients with a partial absence of a ligament connector, the anterior ligament connector 31 or the posterior ligament connector 32 is used to reconstruct and suture the lost ligament connector according to the position of the patient's incomplete ligament connector, so that the ligament connector 3 or a part of the anterior ligament connector 31 or the posterior ligament connector 32 is restored between the lateral meniscus body 1 and the tibia 4.

[0045] In summary, the present invention provides an effective and safe lateral meniscus graft of the knee joint, which can realize reliable and effective transplantation of severe meniscus loss of the knee joint, so that its structure and function are restored and reconstructed. At the same time, it is easy to operate and suitable for clinical application in sports medicine and orthopedics. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has more anatomical characteristics in its graft, can be suitable for the surgical techniques used for all mainstream meniscus transplants, and is convenient to fix, because of the formation of the ligament connector 3, the stability of fixation is increased, and the reconstruction of the normal connection between the meniscus and the tibia of the patient whose meniscus edge and meniscus tibial ligament are removed is ensured. In addition, the graft of the present invention meets all standards of passive implants of Class III medical devices in terms of cytotoxicity, genetic toxicity, sensitization, pyrogen, and hemolysis, and has safe and effective protection.

[0046] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lateral meniscus graft of a knee joint, characterized in that: The invention comprises a lateral meniscus body (1), a first bone block (21), a second bone block (22) and a ligament connector (3); the lateral meniscus body (1) is O-shaped and has a flat bottom surface; the first bone block (21) and the second bone block (22) are respectively connected to the front corner (11) and the back corner (12) of the lateral meniscus body (1); the ligament connector (3) comprises an anterior ligament connector (31) and a posterior ligament connector (32) extending from the edge of the lateral meniscus body (1); the length of the anterior ligament connector (31) accounts for two-thirds of the length of the arc-shaped outer edge of the lateral meniscus body (1), and the length of the posterior ligament connector (32) accounts for one-quarter of the length of the arc-shaped outer edge of the lateral meniscus body (1).

2. A lateral meniscus implant for knee joint according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lateral meniscus body (1), the first bone block (21), the second bone block (22), and the ligament connector (3) are all made of human allogeneic tissue.

3. A lateral meniscus implant for knee joint according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lateral meniscus body (1) is made of a human allogeneic lateral meniscus, the first bone block (21) and the second bone block (22) are respectively made of tibial bone tissue parts connected to the anterior horn and the posterior horn of the lateral meniscus, the anterior ligament connector (31) is made of the anterior meniscus-tibial ligament and part of the middle meniscus-tibial ligament forming a ligament connection with the lateral meniscus and the tibia, and the posterior ligament connector (32) is made of the posterior meniscus-tibial ligament forming a bone connection with the lateral meniscus and the tibia.

4. A lateral meniscus implant for knee joint according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The first bone block (21) and the second bone block (22) are both composed of cartilage, subchondral bone and bone.

5. The lateral meniscus implant of knee joint according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first bone block (21) and the second bone block (22) are both square or rectangular in shape and are used for insertion into a rectangular bone groove (43) opened at the intercondylar ridge on the lateral side of the tibial platform (4) for internal fixation during Key-Hole bone bridge fixation.

6. The lateral meniscus implant of knee joint according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first bone block (21) and the second bone block (22) are both in a square or cylindrical shape and are used for internal fixation by inserting into two cylindrical bone channels (42) drilled on the cut surface (41) opened at the top of the tibia (4) during bone bolt fixation.

7. The lateral meniscus implant of knee joint according to claim 4, characterized in that: The front corner (11) and the rear corner (12) of the lateral meniscus body (1) are internally pulled with a braided wire (44) in the fixation without bone blocks, and are used to embed the two ends of the braided wire (44) into the tibia (4) for internal fixation.

8. A lateral meniscus implant for knee joint according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The anteroposterior diameter of the lateral meniscus body (1) ranges from 20 mm to 70 mm, and the left-right diameter of the lateral meniscus body (1) ranges from 20 mm to 50 mm; the width of the first bone block (21) and the second bone block (22) ranges from 5 mm to 20 mm, the length of the first bone block (21) and the second bone block (22) ranges from 5 mm to 35 mm, and the thickness of the first bone block (21) and the second bone block (22) ranges from 5 mm to 30 mm.

9. A lateral meniscus implant for knee joint according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The inner and outer edges of the anterior angle (11) and the posterior angle (12) are the free edge (13) and the synovial edge (14), respectively. The thickness of the free edge (13) ranges from 1 to 2 mm, and the thickness of the synovial edge (14) ranges from 4 to 20 mm.

10. A method for preparing a lateral meniscus transplant of a knee joint, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The allogeneic lateral meniscus and the tibial bone tissue connected to the anterior and posterior horns of the lateral meniscus are taken, and the meniscus-tibial ligament attached to the lateral meniscus body and connected to the tibia is taken at the same time, and the integrity of the meniscus attachment sites of the anterior, middle and posterior meniscus-tibial ligaments is maintained to make a lateral meniscus graft of the knee joint; among them, the tibial cartilage and the meniscus-tibial ligament must be taken from healthy donors aged 18 to 44 within 12 hours of death to ensure that the meniscus used for transplantation has a good physiological structure and good transplant quality After effect; the lateral meniscus is O-shaped and the lower bottom surface is cut into a plane to obtain the lateral meniscus body (1), the tibia part is cut into a first bone block (21) and a second bone block (22) respectively connected to the front corner and the rear corner of the lateral meniscus body (1), the anterior meniscus tibial ligament and part of the middle meniscus tibial ligament constitute an anterior ligament connector (31), and the posterior meniscus tibial ligament constitutes a posterior ligament connector (32) and the length of which accounts for one quarter of the length of the arc-shaped outer edge of the lateral meniscus body (1); Disinfection and safety testing of lateral knee meniscus grafts were performed.

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