Helicopter rotor head and helicopter

Abstract

The present invention provides a helicopter rotor head and a helicopter. The helicopter rotor head comprises a main shaft, a flight assembly, a cross plate assembly and a connecting rod. The flight assembly comprises a propeller and a propeller clamp. The propeller is connected to the main shaft through the propeller clamp. The cross plate assembly comprises an inner ring and an outer ring. The main shaft passes through the inner ring and is rotationally driven and connected to the inner ring. The main shaft is rotationally driven and connected to the inner ring. The inner ring is arranged in the outer ring. The outer surface of the inner ring is a spherical surface. A track is arranged on the outer surface of the inner ring. The track extends in an arc shape along the axial direction of the main shaft. An arc-shaped protrusion is arranged on the side wall of the outer ring facing the inner ring. The arc-shaped protrusion moves in the track along the extension direction of the track. The connecting rod is hinged between the propeller clamp and the outer ring. By adopting the above structure, the center of gravity position of the rotor head can be controlled by controlling the length of the connecting rod. When the propeller swings, the arc-shaped protrusion of the outer ring moves in the track, so that the circular motion and the tilting motion of the outer ring do not interfere with each other, thereby reducing the influence of the swinging of the propeller on the motion of the outer ring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of flying devices, in particular to a helicopter rotor head and a helicopter. Background Art

[0002] A helicopter is an aircraft that can take off and land vertically in a small area. It can fly at low altitude, low speed and with the nose unchanged. These features make it have broad uses and development prospects. The rotor head in a helicopter is used to control the flight characteristics of the helicopter. By controlling the rotor head, the flight direction and speed of the helicopter can be controlled.

[0003] See also Figure 1 The existing helicopter rotor head includes a main shaft 1, a central coupling 2, a cross disk assembly 3 and a flight assembly 4. The flight assembly 4 includes a propeller clamp 41 and a propeller. The main shaft 1 and the flight assembly 4 are respectively connected to the central coupling 2. The rotation of the main shaft 1 drives the flight assembly 4 to rotate around the axial direction of the main shaft 1. The cross disk assembly 3 includes a connecting rod 31, a cross disk 32 and a synchronizer 33. The cross disk 32 is hingedly connected to the central coupling 2 through the synchronizer 33. A hinge point 331 is arranged in the middle of the synchronizer 33. The connection parts of the synchronizer 33 with the central coupling 2 and the cross disk 32 rotate around the hinge point 331 respectively, so as to realize the folding and unfolding of the synchronizer 33. The synchronizer 33 is used to realize the synchronous rotation movement of the flight assembly 4 and the cross disk assembly 3. The central coupling 2 drives the cross disk 32 to rotate around the axial direction of the main shaft 2. The cross plate 32 and the blade clamp 41 are respectively hingedly connected to the connecting rod 31 through the joint bearing 5. The inclination of the cross plate 32 drives the blade clamp 41 to incline through the connecting rod 31, thereby driving the propeller blades to incline, thereby adjusting the direction of the helicopter.

[0004] However, in the above-mentioned rotor head structure, since the synchronizer 33 connecting the central coupling 2 and the cross plate 32 folds or unfolds as the cross plate 32 tilts, the distance between the blade clamp 41 and the cross plate 32 is large, and the volume of the rotor head is large, and the rotor head cannot achieve a low center of gravity structure.

[0005] To solve the above problems, see Figure 2 In the existing rotor head structure, the synchronizer 33 and the connecting rod 31 are combined into one, and the flight assembly 4 and the cross plate assembly 3 are connected through the connecting rod integrated arm 6. The blade clamp 41 and the cross plate 32 are respectively connected to the connecting rod integrated arm 6, and the cross plate 32 is hingedly connected to the connecting rod integrated arm 6. Figure 2The connecting rod integrated arm 6 in the rotor head cannot be folded or unfolded by itself, so that the distance between the propeller clamp 41 and the cross plate 32 becomes smaller, thereby achieving a low center of gravity of the rotor head. However, when the propeller of the helicopter swings during flight, according to the lever principle, the swinging of the propeller clamp 41 drives the connecting rod integrated arm 6 to swing, thereby affecting the circular motion of the cross plate 32 around the axial direction of the main shaft 1, affecting the tilting motion of the propeller. Summary of the invention

[0006] The first object of the present invention is to provide a helicopter rotor head with a low center of gravity and a built-in synchronizer that reduces the interference of the circular motion of the cross plate.

[0007] A second object of the present invention is to provide a helicopter comprising the above-mentioned rotor head.

[0008] In order to achieve the above-mentioned first purpose, the helicopter rotor head provided by the present invention includes a main shaft, a flight assembly, a cross disk assembly and a connecting rod. The flight assembly includes a propeller and a propeller clamp. The propeller is connected to the main shaft through the propeller clamp. The cross disk assembly includes an inner ring and an outer ring. The main shaft passes through the inner ring and is connected to the inner ring for rotation. The inner ring is arranged in the outer ring. The outer surface of the inner ring is a spherical surface. A track is arranged on the outer surface of the inner ring. The track extends in an arc shape along the axial direction of the main shaft. An arc-shaped protrusion is arranged on the side wall of the outer ring facing the inner ring, and the arc-shaped protrusion moves in the track along the extension direction of the track; the connecting rod is hinged between the propeller clamp and the outer ring.

[0009] It can be seen from the above scheme that the inner ring is connected to the main shaft rotation drive, the rotation of the main shaft drives the rotation of the inner ring, and the arc-shaped protrusion of the outer ring is located in the track of the inner ring. At this time, the arc-shaped protrusion acts as a synchronizer, and the rotation of the inner ring drives the rotation of the outer ring, so that the rotation of the outer ring of the cross plate is synchronized with the rotation of the propeller. When the outer ring tilts, the arc-shaped protrusion moves in the arc-shaped track and can adapt to the tilt of the outer ring at any angle. The tilt of the outer ring drives the tilt of the propeller through the connecting rod to realize the change of the flight state of the helicopter. In this rotor head structure, the center of gravity position of the rotor head can be controlled by controlling the length of the connecting rod. When the propeller swings, the arc-shaped protrusion of the outer ring is driven to move in the track through transmission, so that the circular motion and tilting motion of the outer ring do not interfere with each other, thereby reducing the influence of the swinging of the propeller on the motion of the outer ring.

[0010] A further solution is that the cross plate assembly includes a ball and a push rod, the push rod is fixed on the outer ring, an inner groove is provided at one end of the push rod facing the inner ring, one end of the ball is located in the inner groove, the ball is located in the track, and the arc-shaped protrusion is located on the ball.

[0011] It can be seen that the ball rolls freely in the inner groove of the push rod and can better adapt to the tilt angle of the outer ring.

[0012] A further solution is that the axial direction of the push rod is parallel to the radial direction of the outer ring.

[0013] It can be seen that the axial direction of the push rod is parallel to the radial direction of the outer ring, so that the length of the push rod part on the inner wall of the outer ring is optimal, so that the ball can move in the track within the maximum range to better adapt to the inclination of the outer ring.

[0014] A further solution is that a thread is provided on the radial outer side wall of the push rod, the push rod penetrates the outer ring in the radial direction of the outer ring, and the push rod is fixedly connected to the outer ring via the thread.

[0015] It can be seen that the connection between the push rod and the outer ring is achieved through the thread, which makes it easy to adjust the length of the push rod in the inner circle of the outer ring so that the ball is better located in the track.

[0016] A further solution is that two arc-shaped protrusions are arranged on the inner surface of the outer ring, and two tracks are arranged on the inner ring, one arc-shaped protrusion is arranged in one track, and the two arc-shaped protrusions are arranged symmetrically along the axis of the main axis.

[0017] It can be seen that the outer ring and the inner ring are connected to the track through the arc-shaped protrusions, and the connection between the outer ring and the inner ring is more stable through the two sets of symmetrically arranged connection structures.

[0018] A further solution is that spherical bearings are respectively provided at both axial ends of the connecting rod, and the propeller clamp and the outer ring are respectively connected to the spherical bearings in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0019] It can be seen that due to the tilting of the outer ring, the connection between the connecting rod and the outer ring is connected through the spherical bearing, which can better utilize the outer ring to tilt at any angle.

[0020] A further solution is that a connecting rod is provided on the radial outer side wall of the outer ring along the radial direction of the outer ring, the connecting rod is connected to the inner ball of the spherical bearing, and the connecting rod is connected to the outer ball of the spherical bearing.

[0021] A further solution is that the number of propellers, propeller clamps and connecting rods is two respectively, the two connecting rods are symmetrically arranged along the axial direction of the main shaft, the two propeller clamps are symmetrically arranged along the axial direction of the main shaft, and the two propellers are symmetrically arranged along the axial direction of the main shaft.

[0022] A further solution is that the radial cross section of the main shaft is polygonal, and the main shaft is transitionally matched with the inner ring side wall of the inner ring.

[0023] It can be seen that the polygonal main shaft is connected to the inner ring, which can realize the synchronous rotation movement of the main shaft and the inner ring, and achieve the purpose of changing the collective pitch when the inner ring slides along the axial direction of the main shaft.

[0024] To achieve the second objective, the helicopter provided by the present invention includes the helicopter rotor head as described above. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1It is a structural diagram of a first embodiment of a conventional helicopter rotor head in the background technology.

[0026] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of a second embodiment of a conventional helicopter rotor head in the background technology.

[0027] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of an embodiment of a helicopter rotor head of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 is along Figure 3 Section view taken along line AA.

[0029] Figure 5 It is a stereoscopic view of a cross plate assembly in an embodiment of a helicopter rotor head of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 6 It is an exploded view of the cross plate assembly in the helicopter rotor head embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] See also Figure 3 and Figure 4 The helicopter rotor head includes a main shaft 1, a central coupling 2, a flight assembly 4, a cross plate assembly 7 and a connecting rod 8. In this embodiment, the main shaft 1 extends in a vertical direction, and the central coupling 2 and the cross plate assembly 7 are respectively connected to the main shaft 1. The main shaft 1 is connected to the power system of the helicopter, and the rotation of the main shaft 1 drives the flight assembly 4 to rotate, driving the helicopter to fly.

[0033] The flight assembly 4 includes two propellers and two propeller clamps 41 , one propeller and one propeller clamp 41 are connected correspondingly, the two propellers are symmetrically arranged along the axial direction of the main shaft 1 , and the propellers extend radially outward along the main shaft 1 . The two propeller clamps 41 are symmetrically arranged along the axial direction of the main shaft 1 .

[0034] See also Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 The cross plate assembly 7 includes an inner ring 71, an outer ring 72, a ball 73, a push rod 74 and a base 75. The outer ring 72 is arranged on the base 75. The length of the base 75 in the radial direction of the outer ring 72 is greater than the radial length of the outer ring 72. The base 75 is connected to the control system of the helicopter. The control system drives the base 75 to tilt, thereby driving the outer ring 72 to tilt.

[0035] The inner ring 71 is arranged inside the outer ring 72, and the ball 73 and the push rod 74 are arranged on the outer ring 72. The main shaft 1 passes through the inner ring 710 of the inner ring 71, and the main shaft 1 is connected to the inner ring 71 for rotational driving. In this embodiment, the radial cross section of the main shaft 1 is hexagonal, and the main shaft 1 is transitionally matched with the side wall of the inner ring 710 of the inner ring 71. The outer surface of the inner ring 71 is a spherical surface, and a track 711 is arranged on the outer surface of the inner ring 71, and the track 711 extends in an arc shape along the axial direction of the main shaft 1. The outer ring 72 is provided with an arc-shaped protrusion 731 protruding on the side wall facing the inner ring 71, and the arc-shaped protrusion 731 moves in the track 711 along the extension direction of the track 711, and the arc-shaped protrusion 731 is formed on the ball 73. In this embodiment, the axial direction of the push rod 74 is parallel to the radial direction of the outer ring 72, and the push rod 74 passes through the outer ring 72 in the radial direction of the outer ring 72. The radial outer side wall of the push rod 74 is provided with a thread, and the push rod 74 is locked on the outer ring 72 through the thread, and the length of the push rod 74 set on the outer ring 72 is convenient to adjust. The axial first end of the push rod 74 is located between the outer ring 72 and the inner ring 71, and the axial second end of the push rod 74 is located outside the outer ring 72. The axial first end of the push rod 74 is provided with an inner groove, one end of the ball 73 is located in the inner groove, and the ball 73 is located in the track 711.

[0036] In this embodiment, the cross plate assembly 7 includes two balls 73 and two push rods 74. Two tracks 711 are arranged on the outer surface of the inner ring 71. One ball 73 is arranged in one track 711 in a one-to-one correspondence. Two arc-shaped protrusions 731 are symmetrically arranged along the axial direction of the main shaft 1. The outer ring 72 and the inner ring 71 are connected through the arc-shaped protrusions 731 and the tracks 711. The connection between the outer ring 72 and the inner ring 71 is more stable through the two sets of the above-mentioned connection structures that are symmetrically arranged.

[0037] The two paddle clamps 41 are respectively connected with paddle clamp connectors 42, one end of which is connected to the paddle clamp 41, and the paddle clamp connectors 42 are located in the radial direction of the main shaft 1. The connecting rod 8 is hinged between the paddle clamp connector 42 and the outer ring 72; in this embodiment, the first axial end of the connecting rod 8 is provided with a first joint bearing 81, the second axial end of the connecting rod 8 is provided with a second joint bearing 82, the paddle clamp connector 42 is connected to the first joint bearing 81, and the outer ring 72 is connected to the second joint bearing 82. The paddle clamp connector 42 is connected to the inner ball 811 of the first joint bearing 81, and the first axial end of the connecting rod 8 is connected to the outer ball 812 of the first joint bearing 81. A connecting rod 721 is provided on the radial outer wall of the outer ring 72 along the radial direction of the outer ring 72, the connecting rod 721 is connected to the inner ball 821 of the second joint bearing 82, and the second axial end of the connecting rod 8 is connected to the outer ball 822 of the second joint bearing 82.

[0038] The inner ring 71 is connected to the main shaft 1 for rotation. The rotation of the main shaft 1 drives the inner ring 71 to rotate. The arc-shaped protrusion 731 of the outer ring 72 is located in the track 711 of the inner ring 71. The rotation of the inner ring 71 drives the rotation of the outer ring 72, so that the rotation of the outer ring 72 of the cross plate assembly 7 is synchronized with the rotation of the propeller. When the outer ring 72 tilts, the arc-shaped protrusion 731 moves in the arc-shaped track 711 to adapt to the tilt of the outer ring 72 at any angle. The tilt of the outer ring 72 drives the propeller 711 through the connecting rod 8. The propeller is tilted to achieve the change of the flight state of the helicopter. In this rotor head structure, the center of gravity of the rotor head can be controlled by controlling the length of the connecting rod 8. When the propeller swings, the rotational motion generated by the swinging of the propeller clamp 41 is released in the inner ball 811 and the outer ball 812 through the movable connection between the inner ball 811 and the outer ball 812, and will not be transmitted to the outer ring 72, so that the circular motion and the tilting motion of the outer ring 72 do not interfere with each other, thereby reducing the influence of the swinging of the propeller on the movement of the outer ring 72.

[0039] Finally, it should be emphasized that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various changes and modifications. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A helicopter rotor head, characterized in that: include: A main shaft, a flight assembly, a cross plate assembly and a connecting rod, wherein the flight assembly comprises a propeller and a propeller clamp, wherein the propeller is connected to the main shaft through the propeller clamp, wherein the cross plate assembly comprises an inner ring and an outer ring, wherein the main shaft passes through the inner ring and is rotationally drivenly connected to the inner ring, wherein the inner ring is arranged inside the outer ring, wherein the outer surface of the inner ring is a spherical surface, wherein a track is arranged on the outer surface of the inner ring, wherein the track extends in an arc shape along the axial direction of the main shaft, wherein an arc-shaped protrusion is arranged on the side wall of the outer ring facing the inner ring, wherein the arc-shaped protrusion moves in the track along the extension direction of the track; wherein the connecting rod is hinged between the propeller clamp and the outer ring; The cross plate assembly includes a ball and a push rod, the push rod is fixedly arranged on the outer ring, an inner groove is arranged at one end of the push rod facing the inner ring, one end of the ball is located in the inner groove, the ball is located in the track, and the arc-shaped protrusion is located on the ball; The axial direction of the push rod is parallel to the radial direction of the outer ring; A thread is arranged on the radial outer side wall of the push rod, the push rod penetrates the outer ring in the radial direction of the outer ring, and the push rod is fixedly connected to the outer ring through the thread.

2. The helicopter rotor head according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two arc-shaped protrusions are arranged on the inner surface of the outer ring, and two tracks are arranged on the inner ring. One arc-shaped protrusion is arranged in one track, and the two arc-shaped protrusions are symmetrically arranged along the axis of the main axis.

3. The helicopter rotor head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two axial ends of the connecting rod are respectively provided with joint bearings, and the propeller clamp and the outer ring are respectively connected to the joint bearings in a one-to-one correspondence.

4. The helicopter rotor head according to claim 3, characterized in that: A connecting rod is provided on the radial outer side wall of the outer ring along the radial direction of the outer ring, the connecting rod is connected to the inner ball of the spherical bearing, and the connecting rod is connected to the outer ball of the spherical bearing.

5. The helicopter rotor head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the propellers, the propeller clamps and the connecting rods are two respectively, the two connecting rods are symmetrically arranged along the axial direction of the main shaft, the two propeller clamps are symmetrically arranged along the axial direction of the main shaft, and the two propellers are symmetrically arranged along the axial direction of the main shaft.

6. The helicopter rotor head according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The radial cross section of the main shaft is polygonal, and the main shaft is transitionally matched with the side wall of the inner ring.

7. A helicopter, characterized in that Comprising a helicopter rotor head as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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