Multi-frequency array antenna and base station

Abstract

The disclosed embodiments relate to a multi-frequency array antenna and base station, which are achieved by arranging N broadband radiation units and M high-frequency radiation units coaxially on a straight line; configuring the N broadband radiation units to be arranged at equal intervals at a first set value, and at least one group of two adjacent broadband radiation units having the high-frequency radiation unit arranged between them; the distance between two high-frequency radiation units arranged in sequence, and the distance between a high-frequency radiation unit and a broadband radiation unit arranged in sequence are less than the first set value; the low-frequency ports of K combiners and the remaining broadband radiation units not connected to the combiners are connected to a corresponding low-frequency feeding network to form a low-frequency array antenna; the high-frequency ports of K combiners and the M high-frequency radiation units are connected to a corresponding high-frequency feeding network to form a high-frequency array antenna, thereby improving the performance of the multi-frequency array antenna.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present disclosure relate to the field of communication technology, and in particular, to a multi-frequency array antenna and a base station. Background Art

[0002] Related technology In order to realize dual-band or multi-band antennas in a single-column array antenna, the general solution is to design a broadband radiating unit that can cover multiple required frequency bands. Multiple broadband radiating units are evenly arranged to form an antenna array. Each broadband radiating unit in the antenna array is connected to a combiner, and the signals of each frequency band are separated by the combiner and transmitted to the corresponding feeding network.

[0003] However, since the broadband radiating units in the antenna array can cover multiple frequency bands and the broadband radiating units are evenly arranged, this is equivalent to the antenna spacing of antenna arrays in different frequency bands being the same. However, in actual situations, the antenna spacing required for antennas in different frequency bands to achieve optimal performance is different. The array antenna provided by the relevant technology cannot take into account the antenna distance requirements of antennas in different frequency bands, and the antenna cannot achieve optimal performance. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems or at least partially solve the above technical problems, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a multi-frequency array antenna and a base station.

[0005] A first aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a multi-frequency array antenna, the multi-frequency array antenna comprising:

[0006] N broadband radiation units, M high-frequency radiation units and K combiners, wherein one combiner is connected to one broadband radiation unit, and N is greater than or equal to K; the N broadband radiation units and the M high-frequency radiation units are coaxially arranged in a straight line; the N broadband radiation units are arranged at equal intervals at a first set value, and there is at least one group of two adjacent broadband radiation units with a high-frequency radiation unit arranged between them; the distance between two high-frequency radiation units arranged in sequence, and the distance between a high-frequency radiation unit and a broadband radiation unit arranged in sequence are less than the first set value; the low-frequency ports of the K combiners and the remaining broadband radiation units not connected to the combiners are connected to the corresponding low-frequency feeding network to form a low-frequency array antenna; the high-frequency ports of the K combiners and the M high-frequency radiation units are connected to the corresponding high-frequency feeding network to form a high-frequency array antenna; wherein the broadband radiation unit covers all working frequency bands of the multi-frequency array antenna, and N, M, and K are positive integers.

[0007] In one embodiment, the distance between two high-frequency radiation units arranged in sequence on the multi-frequency array antenna, and the distance between a high-frequency radiation unit and a wide-band radiation unit arranged in sequence are configured as a second set value, and the second set value is smaller than the first set value.

[0008] In one implementation, the number N of broadband radiation units may be configured to be greater than the number M of high-frequency radiation units.

[0009] In one implementation, a broadband radiation unit may be arranged between every two high-frequency radiation units.

[0010] In one implementation, the number N of broadband radiation units may be configured to be smaller than the number M of high-frequency radiation units.

[0011] In one embodiment, the broadband radiation unit may cover two or more high frequency bands.

[0012] In one implementation, the M high-frequency radiation units may operate in two or more high-frequency frequency bands.

[0013] In one implementation, the K combiners may be multi-frequency combiners.

[0014] A second aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a base station, which includes the multi-frequency array antenna of the first aspect.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure has the following advantages:

[0016] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, N broadband radiation units, M high-frequency radiation units and K combiners are configured, a combiner is connected to a broadband radiation unit, and the N broadband radiation units and the M high-frequency radiation units are coaxially arranged in a straight line, so that the N broadband radiation units are arranged at equal intervals at a first set value, and a high-frequency radiation unit is arranged between at least one group of two adjacent broadband radiation units, and the distance between two high-frequency radiation units arranged in sequence and the distance between the high-frequency radiation unit and the broadband radiation unit arranged in sequence are less than the first set value, and a low-frequency array antenna is formed by connecting the low-frequency ports of K combiners and the remaining broadband radiation units not connected to the combiner to the corresponding low-frequency feeding network, and the high-frequency ports of K combiners and the M high-frequency radiation units are connected to the corresponding high-frequency feeding network to form a high-frequency array antenna, and the low-frequency array antenna and the high-frequency array antenna constitute a multi-frequency array antenna. Since a high-frequency radiation unit is separately configured in the embodiment of the present disclosure, and a high-frequency radiation unit is arranged between at least one group of two adjacent wide-band radiation units, the distance between two high-frequency radiation units arranged in sequence, and the distance between a high-frequency radiation unit and a wide-band radiation unit arranged in sequence are both smaller than the distance between the wide-band radiation units. This ensures that the antenna is miniaturized while taking into account the different requirements of the high-frequency antenna and the low-frequency antenna for the antenna spacing, thereby significantly improving the performance of the low-frequency array antenna and the high-frequency array antenna in the multi-frequency array antenna, thereby improving the performance of the multi-frequency array antenna. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure.

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0019] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a multi-frequency array antenna provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0020] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an antenna spacing of a multi-frequency array antenna provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0021] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of another multi-frequency array antenna provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0022] Figure 4It is a structural schematic diagram of another multi-frequency array antenna provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of the present disclosure, the scheme of the present disclosure will be further described below. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present disclosure and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0024] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present disclosure, but the present disclosure may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein; it is obvious that the embodiments in the specification are only part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0025] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-frequency array antenna provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, such as Figure 1 As shown, the multi-frequency array antenna provided in this embodiment may include at least: N broadband radiation units 11, M high-frequency radiation units 12 and K combiners 13, where N, M and K are all positive integers.

[0026] The broadband radiation unit 11 can cover all operating frequency bands of the multi-frequency array antenna, which may include a low-frequency operating frequency band and a high-frequency operating frequency band. The M high-frequency radiation units 12 can all operate on one high-frequency frequency band, or they can operate on two or more high-frequency frequency bands. All operating frequency bands of the M high-frequency radiation units 12 are covered by the broadband radiation unit 11.

[0027] The combiner 13 can be a dual-frequency combiner or a multi-frequency combiner, which is used to separate the signals of multiple frequency bands on the broadband radiation unit 11 and transmit the signals to the corresponding high-frequency feeding network 14 or low-frequency feeding network 15 through the corresponding high-frequency port or low-frequency port, and the high-frequency feeding network outputs the high-frequency signal, and the low-frequency feeding network outputs the low-frequency signal.

[0028] Specifically, in this embodiment, N broadband radiation units 11 and M high-frequency radiation units 12 are coaxially arranged on a straight line. The N broadband radiation units 11 are arranged at equal intervals at a first set value, and at least one group of two adjacent broadband radiation units 11 is provided with a high-frequency radiation unit 12. Figure 1 The first broadband radiation unit and the second broadband radiation unit are two adjacent broadband radiation units, the second broadband radiation unit and the third broadband radiation unit are two adjacent broadband radiation units, and so on, the N-1th broadband radiation unit and the Nth broadband radiation unit are two adjacent broadband radiation units. In this embodiment, the distance between the two adjacent broadband radiation units is the first set value, and Figure 1A high-frequency radiation unit is arranged at least between the first broadband radiation unit and the second broadband radiation unit, and between the second broadband radiation unit and the third broadband radiation unit. By arranging the high-frequency radiation unit between two adjacent broadband radiation units, the space between the broadband radiation units can be effectively utilized, so that the antenna is miniaturized. Moreover, the distance between the high-frequency radiation unit arranged between two adjacent broadband radiation units and the broadband radiation unit arranged in sequence or another high-frequency radiation unit arranged in sequence must be smaller than the distance between the two adjacent broadband radiation units. In this way, the antenna spacing of the small low-frequency antenna array formed by the two adjacent broadband radiation units must be larger than the antenna spacing of the small high-frequency antenna array formed by the two broadband radiation units and the middle high-frequency radiation unit, thereby improving the local antenna performance of the multi-frequency array antenna. Of course, although Figure 1 Only two high-frequency radiation units are arranged between adjacent broadband radiation units, but it is understandable that this is not the only arrangement. In fact, in other embodiments, the number of high-frequency radiation units arranged between adjacent broadband radiation units can be set arbitrarily as needed.

[0029] Furthermore, the combiner 13 in this embodiment is configured to be connected to the broadband radiation unit 11 in a one-to-one manner, that is, one combiner 13 is connected to one broadband radiation unit 11. The number N of broadband radiation units 11 can be configured to be greater than or equal to the number K of combiners. The high-frequency ports of the K combiners and the M high-frequency radiation units in this embodiment are connected to the high-frequency feeding network to form a high-frequency array antenna, and the low-frequency ports of the K combiners and the remaining broadband radiation units not connected to the combiner 13 are connected to the low-frequency feeding network to form a low-frequency array antenna.

[0030] Furthermore, considering that the antenna spacing required for the high-frequency antenna to obtain the best antenna performance is smaller than the antenna spacing required for the low-frequency antenna to obtain the best antenna performance, in this embodiment, the distance between two high-frequency radiation units arranged in sequence (such as the distance between the second high-frequency radiation unit and the third high-frequency radiation unit) and the distance between the high-frequency radiation unit and the broadband radiation unit arranged in sequence (such as the distance between the first high-frequency radiation unit and the first broadband radiation unit) can be set to be smaller than the first set value. In this way, the spacing between two adjacent antennas in the high-frequency array antenna can be smaller than the antenna spacing of the low-frequency array antenna, thereby taking into account the requirements of the high-frequency array antenna and the low-frequency array antenna for the antenna spacing, so that the high-frequency array antenna can obtain a higher gain while the low-frequency array antenna will not cause signal coupling due to the close antenna distance.

[0031] Furthermore, in a feasible implementation manner, the distance between two high-frequency radiation units arranged in sequence in the multi-frequency array antenna provided in this embodiment, and the distance between a high-frequency radiation unit and a wideband radiation unit arranged in sequence can be configured to be the same second set value that is smaller than the first set value.

[0032] For example, Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the antenna spacing of a multi-frequency array antenna provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, such as Figure 2 As shown, in Figure 1 Based on the antenna structure shown, when Figure 1 When the M high-frequency radiating units in the multi-frequency array antenna shown all work in the same high-frequency band, considering that the same high-frequency band has the same requirements for antenna distance, the distance between two high-frequency radiating units arranged in sequence in the multi-frequency array antenna and the distance between the high-frequency radiating units and the broadband radiating units arranged in sequence in the multi-frequency array antenna can be set to one-third of the first set value, that is, assuming that the distance between two adjacent broadband radiating units is L, then the distance between two high-frequency radiating units arranged in sequence in the multi-frequency array antenna and the distance between the high-frequency radiating units and the broadband radiating units arranged in sequence in the multi-frequency array antenna can be configured as (1 / 3)L, so that the antenna spacing of the high-frequency array antenna formed by the high-frequency ports of the K combiners and the M high-frequency radiating units connected to the high-frequency feeding network is (1 / 3)L, and the antenna spacing of the low-frequency array antenna formed by the low-frequency ports of the K combiners and the remaining broadband radiating units not connected to the combiner are connected to the low-frequency feeding network is L, thereby taking into account the miniaturization of the antenna while achieving the difference in antenna spacing between the high-frequency array antenna and the low-frequency array antenna, so that both the high-frequency array antenna and the low-frequency array antenna can obtain better antenna performance.

[0033] For example, in some implementations, the arrangement of the broadband radiation units and the high-frequency radiation units can be determined according to the number of broadband radiation units and the high-frequency radiation units in the multi-frequency array antenna, so as to minimize the multi-frequency array antenna as much as possible. Figure 1 When the number N of the broadband radiation units 11 is less than the number M of the high-frequency radiation units 12, two or more high-frequency radiation units can be arranged between at least one group of two adjacent broadband radiation units, so that the high-frequency radiation unit is arranged between two adjacent broadband radiation units as much as possible, and the space between two adjacent broadband radiation units is fully utilized, so that the volume of the multi-frequency array antenna is miniaturized. For another example, Figure 3 is a structural diagram of another multi-frequency array antenna provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, such as Figure 3As shown, when the number N of broadband radiation units is greater than the number M of high-frequency radiation units, a broadband radiation unit 32 can be arranged between every two high-frequency radiation units 31, so that the distance between two adjacent broadband radiation units 32 is D, and the distance between the broadband radiation unit and the high-frequency radiation unit arranged in sequence is (1 / 2)D. By arranging the high-frequency radiation unit and the broadband radiation unit coaxially in a straight line with K broadband radiation units to form a high-frequency array antenna, the cross-sectional size of the antenna is minimized to the maximum extent, and the antenna is miniaturized. The number of antenna units can be flexibly set, so that the gain and vertical beam width of the antenna in each frequency band can be flexibly adjusted to meet the application requirements of different scenarios. And because the high-frequency radiating unit only needs to be designed for the high-frequency working frequency band, the size of the radiating unit is relatively small, so it can effectively reduce the mutual coupling effect of the array antenna; and the antenna spacing of the low-frequency array antenna is D, and the antenna spacing of the high-frequency array antenna is D / 2. This array method can effectively suppress the vertical grating lobe of the high-frequency array antenna. By making a reasonable choice of the antenna spacing, it is easy to achieve the optimal design of each frequency band.

[0034] For example, in some embodiments, the broadband radiation unit may cover two or more high-frequency bands or two or more low-frequency bands. Figure 4 is a structural diagram of another multi-frequency array antenna provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, such as Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 All high-frequency radiation units 41 in the system operate in the same high-frequency band. All broadband radiation units 42 cover the frequency band of the high-frequency radiation unit 41, as well as two different low-frequency bands, which are temporarily referred to as low-frequency band 1 and low-frequency band 2. In this case, the high-frequency ports of all combiners 43 and all high-frequency radiation units 41 can be connected to the high-frequency feeding network 44, and the high-frequency feeding network 44 outputs the high-frequency signal. The low-frequency ports 1 of all combiners 43 are connected to the first low-frequency feeding network 45, and the low-frequency ports 1 of the combiners 43 output the signal on the low-frequency band 1. The first low-frequency feeding network 45 outputs the low-frequency signal 1 according to the signal input from all low-frequency ports 1. The low-frequency ports 2 of all combiners 43 are connected to the second low-frequency feeding network 46, and the low-frequency ports 2 of the combiners 43 output the signal on the low-frequency band 2. The second low-frequency feeding network 46 outputs the low-frequency signal 2 according to the signal input from all low-frequency ports 2. Similarly, when the broadband radiating unit covers two or more high-frequency bands or two or more low-frequency bands, the antenna structure of the multi-frequency array antenna can refer to Figure 4 The structure of the embodiment is configured and will not be described in detail here.

[0035] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, N broadband radiation units, M high-frequency radiation units and K combiners are configured, a combiner is connected to a broadband radiation unit, and the N broadband radiation units and the M high-frequency radiation units are coaxially arranged in a straight line, so that the N broadband radiation units are arranged at equal intervals at a first set value, and a high-frequency radiation unit is arranged between at least one group of two adjacent broadband radiation units, and the distance between two high-frequency radiation units arranged in sequence and the distance between the high-frequency radiation unit and the broadband radiation unit arranged in sequence are less than the first set value, and a low-frequency array antenna is formed by connecting the low-frequency ports of K combiners and the remaining broadband radiation units not connected to the combiner to the corresponding low-frequency feeding network, and the high-frequency ports of K combiners and the M high-frequency radiation units are connected to the corresponding high-frequency feeding network to form a high-frequency array antenna, and the low-frequency array antenna and the high-frequency array antenna constitute a multi-frequency array antenna. Since a high-frequency radiation unit is separately configured in the embodiment of the present disclosure, and a high-frequency radiation unit is arranged between at least one group of two adjacent wide-band radiation units, the distance between two high-frequency radiation units arranged in sequence, and the distance between a high-frequency radiation unit and a wide-band radiation unit arranged in sequence are both smaller than the distance between the wide-band radiation units. This ensures that the antenna is miniaturized while taking into account the different requirements of the high-frequency antenna and the low-frequency antenna for the antenna spacing, thereby significantly improving the performance of the low-frequency array antenna and the high-frequency array antenna in the multi-frequency array antenna, thereby improving the performance of the multi-frequency array antenna.

[0036] In addition, the embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a base station, which includes the multi-frequency array antenna mentioned in the above embodiment. Its beneficial effects are similar to those of the above embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0037] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0038] The above description is only a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, so that those skilled in the art can understand or implement the present disclosure. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure will not be limited to the embodiments described herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A multi-frequency array antenna, characterized in that: include: N broadband radiation units, M high-frequency radiation units and K combiners, wherein one combiner is connected to one broadband radiation unit, and N is greater than or equal to K; The N wideband radiation units and the M high-frequency radiation units are coaxially arranged in a straight line; The N broadband radiation units are arranged at equal intervals at a first set value, and the high-frequency radiation unit is arranged between at least two adjacent broadband radiation units; The distance between two high-frequency radiation units arranged in sequence, and the distance between a high-frequency radiation unit and a broadband radiation unit arranged in sequence are smaller than the first set value; The low-frequency ports of the K combiners and the remaining broadband radiation units not connected to the combiners are connected to the corresponding low-frequency feeding network to form a low-frequency array antenna; The high-frequency ports of the K combiners and the M high-frequency radiating units are connected to corresponding high-frequency feeding networks to form a high-frequency array antenna; The broadband radiation unit covers all operating frequency bands of the multi-frequency array antenna, and N, M, and K are positive integers.

2. The multi-frequency array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between two high-frequency radiation units arranged in sequence on the multi-frequency array antenna, and the distance between a high-frequency radiation unit and a broadband radiation unit arranged in sequence are both configured as a second set value, and the second set value is smaller than the first set value.

3. The multi-frequency array antenna according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The number N of the broadband radiation units is greater than the number M of the high-frequency radiation units.

4. The multi-frequency array antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: A broadband radiation unit is arranged between every two high-frequency radiation units.

5. The multi-frequency array antenna according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The number N of the broadband radiation units is smaller than the number M of the high-frequency radiation units.

6. The multi-frequency array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The broadband radiation unit covers two or more high-frequency bands.

7. The multi-frequency array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The M high-frequency radiation units operate in two or more high-frequency frequency bands.

8. A base station, characterized in that: It comprises a multi-frequency array antenna as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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