Electric vehicle speed change transmission device

Abstract

The invention discloses a speed transmission device for electric vehicles, comprising an input shaft, an output shaft, and a transmission housing, wherein an input transmission part, a planetary gear part, and an output transmission part are arranged in sequence in the transmission housing; the input transmission part is fixedly connected to the planetary gear part; a second gear pair and a third gear pair are meshed and transmitted between the two output ends of the planetary gear part and the output transmission part, and a locking device is arranged on the two output end shafts of the planetary gear part; the output transmission part comprises a first output transmission part and a second output transmission part, a fourth gear pair is meshed and transmitted between the first output transmission part and the output shaft, a fifth gear pair and a sixth gear pair are meshed and transmitted between the second output transmission part and the output shaft, and a first clutch and a second clutch are arranged on the first output transmission part and the second output transmission part, respectively. The speed transmission device of the invention has a compact and simple structure, smooth gear shifting, and can simply and quickly achieve the purpose of gear shifting and speed change of electric vehicles.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of speed change of new energy vehicles, and in particular to a speed change transmission device of an electric vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Pure electric vehicles are the main direction of automobile development in my country. As the main part of the transmission system of pure electric vehicles, the importance of transmission is self-evident. At present, the research on the automatic transmission of pure electric vehicles mainly includes single clutch structure, dual clutch structure, planetary gear structure, and electronic control mechanical structure. The existing pure electric vehicle two-speed automatic transmission planetary gear technology structure and control system are more complex, the gear shifting is not smooth, disassembly and maintenance are inconvenient, and the cost is high. At present, the technology of planetary gear structure is still being improved and has great potential. Therefore, it is necessary to design an electric vehicle speed transmission device to solve the problems existing in the existing technology. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an electric vehicle speed transmission device to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. The speed transmission device of the present invention has a compact and simple structure and smooth gear shifting, and can simply and quickly achieve the purpose of gear shifting and speed change of the electric vehicle.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solution: a speed change transmission device for an electric vehicle, comprising an input shaft, an output shaft, and a transmission housing, wherein an input transmission part, a planetary gear part, and an output transmission part are arranged in sequence in the transmission housing;

[0005] The input transmission part is fixedly connected to the planetary gear part;

[0006] A second gear pair and a third gear pair are meshed and transmitted between the two output ends of the planetary gear unit and the output transmission unit, and a locking device is arranged on the two output end shafts of the planetary gear unit;

[0007] The output transmission part comprises a first output transmission part and a second output transmission part, a fourth gear pair is meshed and transmitted between the first output transmission part and the output shaft, a fifth gear pair and a sixth gear pair are meshed and transmitted between the second output transmission part and the output shaft, and a first clutch and a second clutch are respectively arranged on the first output transmission part and the second output transmission part;

[0008] The end of the output shaft is connected with a differential.

[0009] Preferably, the input transmission part comprises a first gear pair, the first gear pair comprises a first gear and a second gear meshing with the first gear, and the first gear is fixedly connected to the input shaft.

[0010] Preferably, the planetary gear unit includes a gear frame, two planetary gears fixed to the gear frame, a left half-shaft gear and a right half-shaft gear meshing with the two planetary gears, and the second gear is fixedly connected to the gear frame.

[0011] Preferably, a through hole is opened in the center of the second gear and the gear frame, and the shaft of the left half-shaft gear passes through the through hole and penetrates the second gear and the gear frame, and the inner diameter of the through hole is larger than the outer diameter of the left half-shaft gear shaft.

[0012] Preferably, the second gear pair includes a third gear and a fourth gear, the third gear is fixedly connected to the end of the left half-shaft gear shaft, the third gear pair includes a fifth gear and a sixth gear, the fifth gear is fixedly connected to the end of the right half-shaft gear shaft, and the third gear is symmetrically arranged with the fifth gear.

[0013] Preferably, the first output transmission part includes a transmission shaft I and a transmission shaft II, the first clutch is arranged between the transmission shaft I and the transmission shaft II, the active end of the first clutch is rigidly connected to the transmission shaft I, and the driven end of the first clutch is rigidly connected to the transmission shaft II, the second output transmission part includes a transmission shaft III and a transmission shaft IV, a ninth gear is fixedly connected to the end of the transmission shaft IV, the second clutch is arranged between the transmission shaft III and the transmission shaft IV, the active end of the second clutch is rigidly connected to the transmission shaft III, and the driven end of the second clutch is rigidly connected to the transmission shaft IV.

[0014] Preferably, the fourth gear pair includes a seventh gear and an eighth gear, the seventh gear is fixedly connected to the transmission shaft II, the eighth gear is fixedly connected to the output shaft, the fifth gear pair includes a tenth gear and an eleventh gear, the eleventh gear is fixedly connected to the output shaft, the tenth gear is respectively meshed with the eleventh gear and the ninth gear for transmission, the number of teeth of the eighth gear is greater than the number of teeth of the eleventh gear, the tooth number ratio of the seventh gear to the eighth gear is less than 1, and the tooth number ratio of the tenth gear to the eleventh gear is greater than 1.

[0015] Preferably, the planetary gear, the left half-shaft gear, the right half-shaft gear, the third gear, the fourth gear, the fifth gear and the sixth gear are all bevel gears.

[0016] Preferably, the first clutch, the second clutch and the locking device are electrically connected to a controller respectively, the input end of the controller is electrically connected to a vehicle speed sensor, and the vehicle speed sensor is arranged on the wheel.

[0017] Preferably, the locking device includes a shell, a hydraulic chamber is provided in the shell, a braking part is symmetrically arranged in the hydraulic chamber, the braking part includes a spring, one end of the spring is fixed to the shell, and the other end of the spring is fixed to a brake block, the brake block passes through the shell and is slidably connected to the shell, an oil inlet is provided on the shell, and the end of the brake block away from the spring is an arc-shaped structure.

[0018] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0019] The present invention realizes continuous and stable transmission of power by providing an input transmission part, a planetary gear part and an output transmission part, and connecting the input transmission part, the planetary gear part and the output transmission part through a first gear pair, a second gear pair, a third gear pair, a fourth gear pair and a fifth gear pair;

[0020] By setting a planetary gear unit, the left output half shaft and the right output half shaft of the planetary gear unit are locked by a locker respectively, and the power is transmitted separately from the first output transmission unit and the second output transmission unit by opening and closing the first clutch and the second clutch, and the speed change function is realized by the different gear ratios of the fourth gear pair and the fifth gear pair;

[0021] The present invention can simply and quickly achieve the purpose of shifting gears of an electric vehicle through the design and coordination of a planetary gear portion, a locking device, and a first clutch and a second clutch. The present invention can automatically sense changes in vehicle speed through a vehicle speed sensor, and automatically selectively lock the left output half shaft and the right output half shaft of the planetary gear through a controller, thereby achieving speed shifting of the overall device. The overall device has a simple and compact structure and saves space. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the electric vehicle speed change transmission device of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the locking device structure;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of Embodiment 2;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the gear rack, planetary gears and beam structure of Example 3.

[0027] Among them, 1 is the transmission housing, 2 is the input shaft, 3 is the first gear, 4 is the second gear, 5 is the gear carrier, 6 is the third gear, 7 is the fourth gear, 8 is the fifth gear, 9 is the sixth gear, 10 is the left half shaft gear, 11 is the right half shaft gear, 12 is the transmission shaft I, 13 is the first clutch, 14 is the transmission shaft II, 15 is the transmission shaft III, 16 is the second clutch, 17 is the transmission shaft IV, 18 is the seventh gear, 19 is the eighth gear, 20 is the ninth gear, 21 is the tenth gear, 22 is the eleventh gear, 24 is the output shaft, 25 is the lock, 26 is the differential, 27 is the planetary gear, 28 is the beam, 29 is the slide, 30 is the drive device, 25.1 is the housing, 25.2 is the spring, 25.3 is the brake block, 25.4 is the oil inlet, and 25.5 is the hydraulic chamber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0030] Reference Figure 1-2 The present invention provides a speed transmission device for an electric vehicle, comprising an input shaft 2, an output shaft 24, and a transmission housing 1, wherein an input transmission part, a planetary gear part, and an output transmission part are arranged in sequence in the transmission housing 1;

[0031] The input transmission part is fixedly connected to the planetary gear part;

[0032] The two output ends of the planetary gear unit are meshed with the output transmission unit to form a second gear pair 4 and a third gear pair 6. The two output end shafts of the planetary gear unit are provided with a locking device 25.

[0033] The output transmission part includes a first output transmission part and a second output transmission part. A fourth gear 7 pair is meshed and transmitted between the first output transmission part and the output shaft 24. A fifth gear 8 pair and a sixth gear 9 pair are meshed and transmitted between the second output transmission part and the output shaft 24. A first clutch 13 and a second clutch 16 are respectively arranged on the first output transmission part and the second output transmission part. The first clutch 13 and the second clutch 16 are electromagnetic clutches. The outer sides of the first clutch 13 and the second clutch 16 are covered with a protective sleeve (not shown in the figure). The protective sleeve is used to prevent the lubricating oil in the transmission housing from entering the clutch.

[0034] A differential 26 is connected to the end of the output shaft 24 .

[0035] In a further preferred solution, the input transmission part includes a first gear pair 3 , the first gear pair 3 includes a first gear 3 and a second gear 4 meshing with the first gear 3 , and the first gear 3 is fixedly connected to the input shaft 2 .

[0036] In a further preferred embodiment, the planetary gear unit includes a gear frame 5 , two planetary gears fixedly connected to the gear frame 5 , a left half-shaft gear 10 and a right half-shaft gear 11 meshing with the two planetary gears, and the second gear 4 is fixedly connected to the gear frame 5 .

[0037] In a further preferred embodiment, a through hole is opened in the center of the second gear 4 and the gear frame 5, and the shaft of the left half-shaft gear 10 passes through the through hole and penetrates the second gear 4 and the gear frame 5, and the inner diameter of the through hole is larger than the outer diameter of the shaft of the left half-shaft gear 10.

[0038] A further preferred solution is that the second gear 4 pair includes a third gear 6 and a fourth gear 7, the third gear 6 is fixedly connected to the end of the left half-shaft gear 10 shaft, the third gear 6 pair includes a fifth gear 8 and a sixth gear 9, the fifth gear 8 is fixedly connected to the end of the right half-shaft gear 11 shaft, and the third gear 6 and the fifth gear 8 are symmetrically arranged.

[0039] A further preferred solution is that the first output transmission portion includes a transmission shaft I12 and a transmission shaft II14, a first clutch 13 is arranged between the transmission shaft I12 and the transmission shaft II14, an active end of the first clutch 13 is rigidly connected to the transmission shaft I12, and a driven end of the first clutch 13 is rigidly connected to the transmission shaft II14, the second output transmission portion includes a transmission shaft III15 and a transmission shaft IV17, a ninth gear 20 is fixedly connected to the end of the transmission shaft IV17, a second clutch 16 is arranged between the transmission shaft III15 and the transmission shaft IV17, an active end of the second clutch 16 is rigidly connected to the transmission shaft III15, and a driven end of the second clutch 16 is rigidly connected to the transmission shaft IV17.

[0040] In a further preferred embodiment, the fourth gear pair 7 includes a seventh gear 18 and an eighth gear 19, the seventh gear 18 is fixedly connected to the transmission shaft II, the eighth gear 19 is fixedly connected to the output shaft 24, the fifth gear pair 8 includes a tenth gear 21 and an eleventh gear 22, the eleventh gear 22 is fixedly connected to the output shaft 24, the tenth gear 21 is respectively meshed with the eleventh gear 22 and the ninth gear 20 for transmission, the number of teeth of the eighth gear 19 is greater than the number of teeth of the eleventh gear 22, the tooth ratio of the seventh gear 18 to the eighth gear 19 is less than 1, and the tooth ratio of the tenth gear 21 to the eleventh gear 22 is greater than 1.

[0041] In a further preferred embodiment, the planetary gear, the left half-shaft gear 10, the right half-shaft gear 11, the third gear 6, the fourth gear 7, the fifth gear 8 and the sixth gear 9 are all bevel gears.

[0042] In a further preferred embodiment, the first clutch 13, the second clutch 16 and the locking device 25 are electrically connected to a controller (not shown in the figure), and the input end of the controller is electrically connected to a vehicle speed sensor (not shown in the figure), and the vehicle speed sensor is arranged on the wheel.

[0043] A further preferred embodiment is that the lock 25 includes a shell 25.1, a hydraulic chamber 25.5 is provided in the shell 25.1, a braking part is symmetrically arranged in the hydraulic chamber 25.5, and the braking part includes a spring 25.2, one end of the spring 25.2 is fixedly connected to the shell 25.1, and the other end of the spring 25.2 is fixedly connected to a brake block 25.3, the brake block 25.3 passes through the shell 25.1 and is slidably connected to the shell 25.1, an oil inlet 25.4 is provided on the shell 25.1, and the end of the brake block 25.3 away from the spring 25.2 is an arc-shaped structure.

[0044] The working principle of the electric vehicle speed change transmission device of the present invention is as follows:

[0045] The input shaft 2 is driven by the motor, the end of the input shaft 2 is fixedly connected to the first gear 3, and the first gear 3 is meshed with the second gear 4, and the second gear 4 transmits power to the planetary gear carrier 5. The planetary gears are driven by the planetary gear carrier 5 to transmit power to the left half-shaft gear 10 and the right half-shaft gear 11. If there is no lock 25, the power will be evenly distributed to the left half-shaft gear 10 and the right half-shaft gear 11. The vehicle speed sensor senses the change in vehicle speed. If the vehicle speed sensor senses that the vehicle speed changes from fast to slow, the controller locks the right half-shaft. The left half shaft is locked by the input shaft 1 and the right half shaft gear shaft is locked by the input shaft 25 signal, and the right half shaft gear shaft is locked by the input shaft 13 and the second clutch 16 signal. At the same time, the first clutch 13 is engaged and the second clutch 16 is disengaged. At this time, the power transmitted from the input shaft 1 to the planetary gear part will be transmitted to the left half shaft, and the power will be transmitted to the output shaft 24 under the action of the transmission shaft I12, the transmission shaft II14 and the fourth gear pair. Since the gear ratio of the seventh gear 18 and the eighth gear 19 in the fourth gear pair is less than 1, the deceleration and torque increase effect is achieved. Similarly, if the vehicle speed sensor When the controller senses that the vehicle speed changes from slow to fast, the controller sends a signal to the left half-shaft lock device and locks the left half-shaft gear shaft, and sends signals to the first clutch 13 and the second clutch 16 to disconnect the first clutch 13 and engage the second clutch 16. At this time, the power transmitted from the input shaft 2 to the planetary gear part will be transmitted to the right half-shaft, and the power will be transmitted to the output shaft under the action of the transmission shaft III 15, the transmission shaft IV 17 and the fifth gear pair. Since the gear ratio of the tenth gear 21 and the eleventh gear 22 in the fifth gear pair is greater than 1, the effect of accelerating and reducing the torque is achieved. The seventh gear 18 and the ninth gear 20 have opposite directions. The addition of the tenth gear 21 can achieve the same direction of the torque transmitted to the output shaft 24 by the left half-shaft gear 10 and the torque transmitted to the output shaft 24 by the right half-shaft gear 11. After the power is transmitted to the output shaft 24, the end of the output shaft 24 cooperates with the differential 26, so that the wheels on both sides run at the same speed when the subsequent vehicle turns. The specific structure of the differential 26 is common knowledge known to those skilled in the art and will not be repeated here.

[0046] When the lock 25 is in normal state, the two brake blocks 25.3 do not contact the two output end shafts of the planetary gear unit. After the lock 25 receives the locking signal, the oil inlet 25.4 will replenish the hydraulic oil. Under the push of the oil pressure, the two symmetrical brake blocks 25.3 are brought together, thereby locking the left output half shaft or the right output half shaft of the planetary gear unit to achieve the locking function. After the locking signal is released, the brake block 25.3 returns to its original position under the action of the spring 25.2.

[0047] Embodiment 2

[0048] Reference Figure 3The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the left and right output half shafts of the planetary gear unit extend to the outside of the transmission housing 1, and the lock 25 is arranged at the ends of the left and right output half shafts of the planetary gear unit. This arrangement can make the installation, disassembly and maintenance of the lock 25 more convenient, and the action of the lock 25 and the transmission inside the transmission housing 1 do not affect each other.

[0049] Embodiment 3

[0050] Reference Figure 4 The difference between this embodiment and the second embodiment is that a slide groove 29 is symmetrically opened on the gear frame 5, and a driving device 30 is fixed in the slide groove 29. The driving device 30 can be a push rod motor or a cylinder. In this embodiment, a push rod motor is preferably used. The end of the beam 28 away from the planetary gear 27 is fixed to the end of the output shaft of the push rod motor and is slidably connected in the slide groove 29. That is, the planetary gear 27 can be driven by the beam 28 to slide radially along the gear frame 5 through the push rod motor, thereby realizing the relative separation of the planetary gear 27 and the left half-shaft gear 10 and the right half-shaft gear 11, and finally achieving the purpose of shifting the speed of the car to neutral.

[0051] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0052] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A speed transmission device for an electric vehicle, comprising an input shaft (2), an output shaft (24), and a transmission housing (1), characterized in that: An input transmission part, a planetary gear part and an output transmission part are arranged in sequence in the transmission housing (1); The input transmission part is fixedly connected to the planetary gear part; A second gear pair and a third gear pair are meshed and transmitted between the two output ends of the planetary gear unit and the output transmission unit, and a locking device (25) is provided on the two output end shafts of the planetary gear unit; The output transmission part comprises a first output transmission part and a second output transmission part, a fourth gear pair is meshed and transmitted between the first output transmission part and the output shaft (24), a fifth gear pair and a sixth gear pair are meshed and transmitted between the second output transmission part and the output shaft (24), and a first clutch (13) and a second clutch (16) are respectively provided on the first output transmission part and the second output transmission part; The end of the output shaft (24) is connected to a differential (26); The planetary gear unit comprises a gear frame (5), two planetary gears (27) fixedly connected to the gear frame (5) via a beam (28), a left half-shaft gear (10) and a right half-shaft gear (11) meshing with the two planetary gears (27), the second gear (4) being fixedly connected to the gear frame (5), and a locking device (25) being provided on the shaft of each of the left half-shaft gear (10) and the right half-shaft gear (11); The locking device (25) comprises a housing (25.1), a hydraulic chamber (25.5) is provided in the housing (25.1), a brake part is symmetrically arranged in the hydraulic chamber (25.5), the brake part comprises a spring (25.2), one end of the spring (25.2) is fixedly connected to the housing (25.1), the other end of the spring (25.2) is fixedly connected to a brake block (25.3), the brake block (25.3) passes through the housing (25.1) and is slidably connected to the housing (25.1), an oil inlet (25.4) is provided on the housing (25.1), and the end of the brake block (25.3) away from the spring (25.2) is an arc-shaped structure; A through hole is provided at the center of the second gear (4) and the gear rack (5), and the shaft of the left half-shaft gear (10) passes through the through hole and penetrates the second gear (4) and the gear rack (5), and the inner diameter of the through hole is greater than the outer diameter of the shaft of the left half-shaft gear (10).

2. The electric vehicle speed change transmission device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first output transmission part comprises a transmission shaft I (12) and a transmission shaft II (14); the first clutch (13) is arranged between the transmission shaft I (12) and the transmission shaft II (14); the active end of the first clutch (13) is rigidly connected to the transmission shaft I (12); the driven end of the first clutch (13) is rigidly connected to the transmission shaft II (14); the second output transmission part comprises a transmission shaft III (15) and a transmission shaft IV (17); the end of the transmission shaft IV (17) is fixedly connected to a ninth gear (20); the second clutch (16) is arranged between the transmission shaft III (15) and the transmission shaft IV (17); the active end of the second clutch (16) is rigidly connected to the transmission shaft III (15); the driven end of the second clutch (16) is rigidly connected to the transmission shaft IV (17).

3. The electric vehicle speed change transmission device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The input transmission part comprises a first gear pair, the first gear pair comprises a first gear (3) and a second gear (4) meshing with the first gear (3), and the first gear (3) is fixedly connected to the input shaft (2).

4. The electric vehicle speed change transmission device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second gear pair comprises a third gear (6) and a fourth gear (7), the third gear (6) being fixedly connected to the end of the shaft of the left half-shaft gear (10), the third gear pair comprises a fifth gear (8) and a sixth gear (9), the fifth gear (8) being fixedly connected to the end of the shaft of the right half-shaft gear (11), and the third gear (6) and the fifth gear (8) being symmetrically arranged.

5. The electric vehicle speed change transmission device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fourth gear pair comprises a seventh gear (18) and an eighth gear (19), the seventh gear (18) being fixedly connected to the transmission shaft II (14), the eighth gear (19) being fixedly connected to the output shaft (24), the fifth gear pair comprising a tenth gear (21) and an eleventh gear (22), the eleventh gear (22) being fixedly connected to the output shaft (24), the tenth gear (21) being meshed with the eleventh gear (22) and the ninth gear (20) for transmission, the number of teeth of the eighth gear (19) being greater than the number of teeth of the eleventh gear (22), the gear number ratio of the seventh gear (18) to the eighth gear (19) being less than 1, and the gear number ratio of the tenth gear (21) to the eleventh gear (22) being greater than 1.

6. The electric vehicle speed change transmission device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The planetary gear (27), the left half-shaft gear (10), the right half-shaft gear (11), the third gear (6), the fourth gear (7), the fifth gear (8), and the sixth gear (9) are all bevel gears, and the gear rack (5) is a conical structure.

7. The electric vehicle speed change transmission device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first clutch (13), the second clutch (16) and the locking device (25) are respectively electrically connected to a controller, and an input end of the controller is electrically connected to a vehicle speed sensor, and the vehicle speed sensor is arranged on a wheel.

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