Plastic lined fiber reinforced composite high pressure hydrogen storage cylinder

Abstract

The invention discloses a plastic lined fiber reinforced composite material high pressure hydrogen storage cylinder. It comprises a plastic liner, an open end of a metal cylinder and a tail end of a metal cylinder; the open end of the plastic liner wrapped with a prestressed fiber reinforced layer is bonded to the lower end surface of the open end of the metal cylinder with an adhesive, the lower end of the plastic liner is fitted with the tail end of the metal cylinder, the fiber reinforced layer at the upper end of the cylinder is fitted with the axial upper end surface of the open end of the metal cylinder, the fiber reinforced layer at the lower end of the cylinder is fitted with the axial lower end surface of the tail end of the metal cylinder, a glass fiber protective layer is wrapped around the outer side of the fiber reinforced layer, and a cylinder head anti-collision layer is provided on the outer side of the end caps at both ends. An O-ring and an anti-loosening gasket are provided between the open end of the plastic liner and the axial lower end surface of the open end of the metal cylinder, and are pressed tightly with a nut and a spring gasket. The invention adopts triple sealing of O-ring sealing, gluing sealing and plastic liner self-tightening sealing. When the pressure in the cylinder is higher, the plastic liner and the open end of the metal cylinder are pressed more tightly, and the gas leakage is more difficult.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a high-pressure hydrogen storage device, in particular to a plastic-lined fiber-reinforced composite material high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinder. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of new energy vehicles, hydrogen energy has been used more and more widely as a clean and efficient renewable energy. High-pressure hydrogen storage is still a major hydrogen storage method. The lining of the most commonly used gas cylinders is mostly metal lining, with carbon fiber and glass fiber wrapped on the outer layer. With the increase in the requirements for hydrogen storage density per unit mass, plastic-lined composite hydrogen storage cylinders have been developed.

[0003] There are many patents related to the structure of Type IV gas cylinders, such as the US patent US7648042B2 of Korea Composite Research Co., Ltd. "A metal gas cylinder port design for composite high-pressure gas cylinders", the US patent US20170276294A1 of Worsington Industries, "High gas-tightened metallic nozzle-boss for a high-pressure composite vessel", US20170276294A1 "Boss and liner interface for a pressure vessel", Toyota JP2006060484 "High-pressure gas cylinder seal", Toyota Motor Corporation's international patent PCT / JP2009 / 060067 "Gas storage tank and gas storage tank manufacturing method", Sinoma Technology (Chengdu) Co., Ltd.'s utility model patent CN201721786654.7 "Bottle mouth and tail structure of high-pressure gas cylinders with plastic liner outer diameter greater than 200mm", etc. These patents have made relevant designs for the structure and sealing method of gas cylinders, with various structural forms, and can achieve sealing during the use of gas storage. However, these structures are complex to manufacture, require high processing precision, and are relatively expensive. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the problems existing in the background technical field, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a plastic lined fiber reinforced composite high pressure hydrogen storage cylinder with simple structure, manufacturing and reliable sealing.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] The present invention comprises: a plastic liner, an open end of a metal gas cylinder and a tail end of a metal gas cylinder; a prestressed fiber reinforcement layer is wound around the outer side of the plastic liner, the open end of the plastic liner and the axial lower end surface of the open end of the metal gas cylinder are bonded by an adhesive, the lower end of the plastic liner is fitted with the upper end surface of the tail end of the metal gas cylinder, the fiber reinforcement layer at the upper end of the plastic liner is fitted with the axial upper end surface of the open end of the metal gas cylinder, the fiber reinforcement layer at the lower end of the plastic liner is fitted with the axial lower end surface of the tail end of the metal gas cylinder, a glass fiber protective layer is wound around the outer side of the fiber reinforcement layer, and a gas cylinder head anti-collision layer is arranged on the outer side of the glass fiber protective layer of the ends of the metal gas cylinder at both ends;

[0007] An O-ring is arranged between the open end of the plastic liner and the axial lower end surface of the open end of the metal gas cylinder. The O-ring, the inner retaining ring on the inside and the outer retaining ring on the outside are placed in the O-ring groove on the axial lower end surface of the open end of the metal gas cylinder. The O-ring is tightened with the thread of the lower end of the open end of the metal gas cylinder by a compression nut through the plastic liner, the anti-loosening gasket and the spring gasket in sequence. The anti-loosening gasket has multiple metal sheets evenly distributed along the outer circumference. A groove is opened on the outer side of the thread at the lower end of the open end of the metal gas cylinder, and the width of the groove is greater than the width of the metal sheet on the anti-loosening gasket.

[0008] The open end of the metal gas cylinder is an axially symmetrical cylindrical structure with small ends and a large middle part, and a through hole is opened in the center of the open end of the metal gas cylinder; the outer side of the upper end of the open end of the metal gas cylinder has a raised stop to prevent the fiber from overflowing when it is entangled, and the inner side of the upper end hole has a thread.

[0009] The anti-loosening gasket is a metal ring, the inner side of the anti-loosening gasket has a radial protrusion, and the outer circumference of the anti-loosening gasket has a plurality of protrusions that can be bent.

[0010] The clamping nut is a cylindrical metal with a cylindrical large end and a hexagonal nut at the small end. A groove is opened on the outer circumference of the cylindrical large end of the clamping nut. The groove width is greater than the protrusion width on the annular outer circumference of the anti-loosening gasket, and the groove depth is 3-5mm.

[0011] The tail end of the metal gas cylinder is placed between the plastic liner and the fiber-reinforced resin-based composite material layer, and a concave hole that does not penetrate the thickness direction of the gas cylinder is provided at the lower end of the center axis of the tail end of the metal gas cylinder.

[0012] The fiber is carbon fiber, boron fiber, Kevlar fiber or glass fiber.

[0013] The fiber reinforced layer matrix is ​​epoxy resin, phenolic resin or bismaleimide resin.

[0014] The opening end and the tail end of the metal gas cylinder are made of aluminum alloy or stainless steel.

[0015] The plastic lining material is nylon 6 or nylon 66.

[0016] The O-ring material is nitrile rubber or silicone rubber.

[0017] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1) Lightweight and high gas storage density: The present invention uses nylon 6, nylon 66, etc. to make the gas cylinder liner. The liner is made by injection molding and then welding. Compared with other processes such as blow molding, the liner obtained by injection molding has high precision, good density, and low porosity. Compared with the metal-lined Type III gas cylinder, it is lighter.

[0019] 2) The metal cylinder opening end is sealed on the axial end face, which has good sealing performance. Multiple seals are used between the axial end face of the metal cylinder opening end and the contact surface of the plastic liner to ensure reliable sealing. The first layer of sealing uses an O-ring seal on the axial end face of the metal cylinder opening end. The O-ring is restrained by an inner and outer retaining ring to prevent extrusion damage. The plastic liner in contact with the O-ring is tightened with anti-loosening washers, spring washers and compression nuts, and the compression nuts are locked with anti-loosening washers to prevent loosening during operation, effectively ensuring air tightness. The second layer of sealing uses a special adhesive between the axial end face of the metal cylinder opening end and the contact surface of the plastic liner to bond the metal cylinder opening end to the plastic liner, further enhancing the sealing effect and effectively avoiding the problem of excessive deformation and sealing failure due to different materials. The third level of seal adopts a self-tightening seal design. The higher the pressure in the gas cylinder, the greater the force of the gas pressure on the plastic lining, the tighter the pressure between the plastic lining and the open end of the metal gas cylinder, and the more difficult it is for the gas to leak through the gap between the plastic lining and the open end of the metal gas cylinder. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a structural cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a front cross-sectional view of the open end of a metal gas cylinder.

[0023] Figure 4 It is a top view of the anti-loosening gasket.

[0024] Figure 5 It is a top view of the locking nut.

[0025] In the figure: 1. anti-collision layer of the gas cylinder head, 2. glass fiber protective layer, 3. fiber reinforcement layer, 4. opening end of the metal gas cylinder, 5. inner retaining ring, 6. outer retaining ring, 7. plastic lining, 8. O-ring, 9. anti-loosening gasket, 10. spring gasket, 11. tightening nut, 12. tail end of the metal gas cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0027] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the present invention includes a plastic liner 7, an open end 4 of a metal gas cylinder and a tail end 12 of a metal gas cylinder; a prestressed fiber reinforced layer 3 is wound around the outside of the plastic liner 7, the open end of the plastic liner 7 is bonded to the axial lower end surface of the open end 4 of the metal gas cylinder by an adhesive, the lower end of the plastic liner 7 is fitted with the upper end surface of the tail end 12 of the metal gas cylinder, the fiber reinforced layer 3 at the upper end of the plastic liner 7 is fitted with the axial upper end surface of the open end 4 of the metal gas cylinder, the fiber reinforced layer 3 at the lower end of the plastic liner 7 is fitted with the axial lower end surface of the tail end 12 of the metal gas cylinder, a glass fiber protective layer 2 is wound around the outside of the fiber reinforced layer 3, and a gas cylinder head anti-collision layer 1 is provided on the outside of the glass fiber protective layer 2 of the ends of the metal gas cylinder.

[0028] An O-ring 8 is provided between the open end of the plastic liner 7 and the axial lower end surface of the open end 4 of the metal gas cylinder. The O-ring 8, the inner retaining ring 5 on the inside and the outer retaining ring 6 on the outside are placed in the O-ring groove on the axial lower end surface of the open end 4 of the metal gas cylinder; the O-ring 8 is tightened with the thread of the lower end of the open end 4 of the metal gas cylinder by a compression nut 11 through the plastic liner 7, the anti-loosening gasket 9 and the spring gasket 10 in sequence; the anti-loosening gasket 9 has a plurality of metal sheets evenly distributed along the outer circumference; a groove is provided on the outer side of the thread at the lower end of the open end 4 of the metal gas cylinder, and the width of the groove is greater than the width of the metal sheet on the anti-loosening gasket 9 by more than 1 mm.

[0029] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the open end 4 of the metal gas cylinder is an axially symmetrical cylindrical structure with small ends and a large middle part, and a through hole is opened in the center of the open end 4 of the metal gas cylinder; the outer side of the upper port of the open end 4 of the metal gas cylinder has a raised stop to prevent the fiber from overflowing when it is entangled, and the inner side of the upper end hole has a thread; the axial lower end surface of the open end 4 of the metal gas cylinder is provided with an O-ring groove on the surface where the plastic liner 7 is in contact.

[0030] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 As shown, the anti-loosening gasket 9 is a metal ring, the inner side of the anti-loosening gasket 9 has a protruding metal sheet radially, and the outer circumference of the anti-loosening gasket 9 has multiple (3-8) bendable protruding metal sheets.

[0031] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5As shown, the large end of the clamping nut 11 is cylindrical and the small end is a cylindrical metal hexagonal nut. A groove is opened on the outer circumference of the cylindrical large end of the clamping nut 11. The width of the groove is more than 1mm larger than the width of the protrusion on the annular outer circumference of the anti-loosening gasket 9, and the depth of the groove is 3-5mm.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, the tail end 12 of the metal gas cylinder is placed between the plastic liner 7 and the fiber reinforced resin-based composite material layer 3, and a concave hole that does not penetrate the thickness direction of the gas cylinder is provided at the lower end of the axial center of the tail end 12 of the metal gas cylinder to reduce weight.

[0033] The fiber is carbon fiber, boron fiber, Kevlar fiber or glass fiber.

[0034] The fiber reinforced layer matrix is ​​epoxy resin, phenolic resin or bismaleimide resin.

[0035] The metal gas cylinder opening end 4 and the metal gas cylinder tail end 12 are made of aluminum alloy or other stainless steel or high-strength steel.

[0036] The plastic lining 7 is made of high molecular polymer materials such as nylon 6, nylon 66, or polypropylene.

[0037] The material of the O-ring 8 is a sealing material resistant to hydrogen corrosion, such as nitrile rubber, silicone rubber, or fluororubber.

[0038] The manufacturing process of plastic lined fiber reinforced composite high pressure hydrogen storage cylinder is as follows:

[0039] 1) The structure of the plastic liner 7 is divided into two halves, each half is processed by injection molding, and then welded together to form a complete plastic liner.

[0040] 2) Place the inner retaining ring 5, O-ring 8 and outer retaining ring 6 in the O-ring groove on the axial lower end surface of the open end 4 of the metal gas cylinder in sequence, press the end of the open end 4 of the metal gas cylinder equipped with the O-ring into the open end of the plastic liner 7, and the axial lower end surface of the open end 4 of the metal gas cylinder is tightly attached to the outer edge of the plastic liner 7 and then glued together.

[0041] 3) Place the anti-loosening gasket 9 and the spring gasket 10 in turn on the lower cylindrical thread of the open end 4 of the metal gas cylinder, tighten the cylindrical end opening of the clamping nut 11 onto the lower cylindrical thread of the open end 4 of the metal gas cylinder, so that the O-ring 8 and the plastic liner 7 are pressed and sealed, and then bend the metal sheet on the outer circumference of the anti-loosening gasket 9 and embed it into the outer groove of the clamping nut 11.

Claims

1. A plastic lined fiber reinforced composite high pressure hydrogen storage cylinder, characterized in that: It includes a plastic liner (7), an open end of a metal gas cylinder (4) and a tail end of a metal gas cylinder (12); A prestressed fiber reinforcement layer (3) is wound around the outside of the plastic liner (7); the open end of the plastic liner (7) is bonded to the axial lower end surface of the open end (4) of the metal gas cylinder by an adhesive; the lower end of the plastic liner (7) is bonded to the upper end surface of the tail end (12) of the metal gas cylinder; the fiber reinforcement layer (3) at the upper end of the plastic liner (7) is bonded to the axial upper end surface of the open end (4) of the metal gas cylinder; the fiber reinforcement layer (3) at the lower end of the plastic liner (7) is bonded to the axial lower end surface of the tail end (12) of the metal gas cylinder; a glass fiber protective layer (2) is wound around the outside of the fiber reinforcement layer (3); and a gas cylinder head anti-collision layer (1) is provided on the outside of the glass fiber protective layer (2) at both ends of the metal gas cylinder; An O-ring (8) is provided between the open end of the plastic liner (7) and the axial lower end surface of the open end (4) of the metal gas cylinder. The O-ring (8), the inner retaining ring (5) inside the O-ring (8) and the outer retaining ring (6) outside the O-ring (8) are placed in the O-ring groove on the axial lower end surface of the open end (4) of the metal gas cylinder. The O-ring (8) is tightened with the thread of the lower end of the open end (4) of the metal gas cylinder by a compression nut (11) through the plastic liner (7), the anti-loosening gasket (9) and the spring gasket (10) in sequence. The anti-loosening gasket (9) has a plurality of metal sheets evenly distributed along the outer circumference. A groove is provided on the outer side of the thread at the lower end of the open end (4) of the metal gas cylinder, and the width of the groove is greater than the width of the metal sheet on the anti-loosening gasket (9). The anti-loosening gasket (9) is a metal ring, the anti-loosening gasket (9) has a protrusion radially on the inner side of the ring, and the anti-loosening gasket (9) has a plurality of bendable protrusions on the outer circumference of the ring.

2. A plastic lined fiber reinforced composite material high pressure hydrogen storage cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal gas cylinder opening end (4) is an axially symmetrical cylindrical structure with small ends and a large middle portion, and a through hole is provided at the center of the metal gas cylinder opening end (4); a raised stop is provided on the outer side of the upper end of the metal gas cylinder opening end (4) to prevent the fibers from overflowing when being entangled, and a thread is provided on the inner side of the upper end hole.

3. The plastic lined fiber reinforced composite high pressure hydrogen storage cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The large end of the clamping nut (11) is cylindrical and the small end is a cylindrical metal hexagonal nut. A groove is formed on the outer circumference of the large cylindrical end of the clamping nut (11). The width of the groove is greater than the width of the protrusion on the annular outer circumference of the anti-loosening gasket (9). The depth of the groove is 3-5 mm.

4. The plastic lined fiber reinforced composite high pressure hydrogen storage cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tail end (12) of the metal gas cylinder is placed between the plastic liner (7) and the fiber reinforcement layer (3), and a concave hole that does not penetrate the thickness direction of the gas cylinder is provided at the lower end of the axial center of the tail end (12) of the metal gas cylinder.

5. The plastic lined fiber reinforced composite material high pressure hydrogen storage cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fiber is carbon fiber, boron fiber, Kevlar fiber or glass fiber.

6. The plastic lined fiber reinforced composite high pressure hydrogen storage cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The matrix of the fiber-reinforced layer (3) is epoxy resin, phenolic resin or bismaleimide resin.

7. The plastic lined fiber reinforced composite high pressure hydrogen storage cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal gas cylinder opening end (4) and the metal gas cylinder tail end (12) are made of aluminum alloy or stainless steel.

8. The plastic lined fiber reinforced composite high pressure hydrogen storage cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the plastic lining (7) is nylon 6 or nylon 66.

9. The plastic lined fiber reinforced composite material high pressure hydrogen storage cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the O-ring (8) is nitrile rubber or silicone rubber.

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