A microcosm experimental device for simulating soil pollution remediation

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of soil microcosm simulation, and specifically to a microcosm experimental device for simulating the remediation of soil pollution. The microcosm experimental device includes a parallel sampling device, a temperature control box, a parameter monitoring system, a soil column experimental device and a drainage structure. The parallel sampling device is arranged at the upper end of the temperature control box, and is externally connected to a sampling pump and a sampling tube. The parallel sampling device adds the experimental materials to the soil column experimental device synchronously. The soil column experimental device is located at the bottom of the temperature control box, with experimental soil samples arranged in the middle, and sampling holes at different heights are provided. The drainage structure and parameter monitoring system are used to remove waste liquid from the device and monitor parameters. The microcosm experimental device can flexibly control the ambient temperature of the microcosm system, and can perform sampling tests at any time. Through multiple continuous sampling tests, the continuous process of soil remediation can be understood, which has basically no effect on the remediation process itself, and has good practicality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of soil microcosm simulation, and in particular to a microcosm experimental device for simulating and repairing soil pollution. Background Art

[0002] Microcosm is a simulation experimental method that can extrapolate a single experimental result to a complex natural ecosystem and conduct in-depth analysis of the ecosystem in the laboratory. With the advancement of science and technology, microcosm experiments have been applied in various disciplines, especially environmental ecology. For example, Dai Wei et al. constructed an artificial microcosm system to analyze the predation of myxobacteria on prey bacteria in the microenvironment; Cui Song et al. found that the change in vertical stratification temperature of soil was significantly positively correlated with the migration and diffusion flux coefficient of α-HCH. Microcosm experiments have the advantages of being real, easy to operate, non-environmentally harmful, highly repeatable, and highly efficient. While understanding the fate process of pollutants in the soil, they have the role of predicting the effect and promoting the implementation of microbial remediation technology, so they have important practical significance.

[0003] In the prior art, a device for simulating soil pollution and repairing the pollution experimental process is proposed in the patent document with publication number CN104991594A, which relates to a simulation experimental device, the device includes a box, a negative pressure generator, a simulated saturated water flow rate device, a water tank, a peristaltic pump, and a PLC control cabinet; one side of the box is a transparent glass, and the other three sides of the box are non-transparent box boards, wherein the box boards opposite to the transparent glass are provided with several rows of small holes; the box is provided with a detachable upper cover, and the upper cover and the box are connected by several buckles; a temperature control device is provided on the bottom plate of the inner cavity of the box; the device uses sensors to measure the temperature, humidity and conductivity of the soil, and uses a measuring instrument to complete the measurement of the soil pH value and redox potential. The temperature of the soil used in the experiment is controlled, and it has the functions of adjusting the oxygen content in the soil and completing the extraction of soil samples.

[0004] Another example is an experimental device and an experimental method for simulating soil pollutant migration and soil remediation proposed in the patent document with publication number CN105445438A. The device includes a box, a liquid input device, a vertical sampling device, and a horizontal sampling device. The vertical sampling device is a sampling tube distributed on the outer wall of the box and extending through the box into the interior thereof, and the sampling ports of the sampling tubes are located at different vertical heights in the box; the horizontal sampling device is a plurality of water extraction casings; the experimental device and the experimental method of the invention can realize the comprehensive simulation of horizontal flow and vertical flow soil pollution leaching experiments. In addition, the simulation of soil pollutant migration and soil remediation can be realized on one experimental device.

[0005] In the experimental environment, temperature has a huge impact on the migration of pollutants and environmental microorganisms. Cui Song and others studied the soil during the freeze-thaw period and found that the change in the vertical stratification temperature of the soil was significantly positively correlated with the migration and diffusion flux coefficient of α-HCH. Qin Lu and others found that the number of soil microorganisms was low during the freezing period, and the number of different types of microorganisms was restricted by different soil physical and chemical factors in different freeze-thaw stages. In the existing technology, the microcosm systems and devices that simulate soil pollution remediation under specific temperature and humidity environments are generally complex in structure, high in cost and low in reliability, and lack a low-cost device with strong reliability and practicality. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present application provides a microcosm experimental device for simulating the remediation of soil pollution, the microcosm device comprising a parallel sampling device, a temperature control box, a parameter monitoring system, a soil column experimental device and a drainage structure; the parallel sampling device is arranged above the temperature control box, and a plurality of sampling holes are arranged at the bottom thereof, and a sampling tube and a sampling pump are connected to the side or the top thereof; a plurality of soil column experimental devices are arranged below the interior of the temperature control box and below the sampling holes of the parallel sampling device, the soil column experimental device is a tubular body, wherein the hollow interior thereof is used for arranging experimental soil samples, and a plurality of sampling holes at different heights are arranged on the side thereof; the drainage structure is connected to the bottom of the soil column experimental device and the outside of the temperature control box; the parameter monitoring system at least comprises a monitoring device for monitoring the temperature and humidity of the experimental soil samples; the temperature control box controls the internal temperature.

[0007] Optionally, the temperature control box is made of stainless steel and is coated with an insulation layer on the outside; a groove matching the shape and size of the bottom of the soil column experimental device is provided at the bottom of the temperature control box; and the soil column experimental device is arranged in the groove.

[0008] Optionally, a movable cover is provided on the upper part of the parallel loading device, and a buffer sleeve is provided on the cover at a position in contact with the parallel loading device; and the parallel loading device is externally coated with a heat preservation layer.

[0009] Optionally, the insulation layer is a polymer insulation material, glass wool, or a blanket.

[0010] Optionally, the sampling hole at the bottom of the parallel sampling device is arranged directly above the soil column experimental device, and no sampling holes are arranged at other positions.

[0011] Optionally, the parallel sample loading device is provided with a plurality of sample loading areas, and adjacent sample loading areas are separated by partitions; different sample loading areas are independently connected to sample loading tubes and sample loading pumps.

[0012] Optionally, the soil column experimental device is a hollow cylinder made of stainless steel, and is provided with two left and right main bodies along the axial section. The soil column experimental device is composed of two main bodies connected by hinges.

[0013] Optionally, the upper portion of the drainage structure is a drainage funnel, the size and shape of its port matches the bottom of the soil column experimental device; the lower portion of the drainage structure is a drainage pipe.

[0014] Optionally, the monitoring device includes a detection head equipped with a sensor and a terminal device for displaying data, and the detection head is connected to the terminal device by wire; a plurality of detection holes are provided on the side wall of the temperature control box; the detection head of the monitoring device enters the interior of the temperature control box through the detection hole, and at this time, the detection hole is closed by a sealing material.

[0015] The present application provides a microcosm experimental device for simulating the soil pollution remediation process, and the microcosm experimental device includes a parallel sampling device, a temperature control box, a parameter monitoring system, a soil column experimental device and a drainage structure. The temperature control box is the main structure and provides a stable constant temperature environment for the experimental process. The parallel sampling device is arranged at the upper end of the temperature control box, and is externally connected to a sampling pump and a sampling tube. The parallel sampling device adds each experimental material to each soil column experimental device synchronously by simulating a rainy environment. The soil column experimental device is located at the bottom of the temperature control box, and an experimental soil sample is arranged in the middle, and sampling holes at different heights are provided to facilitate the extraction of soil samples for testing at any time. The drainage structure and parameter monitoring system are used to remove waste liquid from the device and monitor parameters. Through the above settings, the microcosm experimental device can flexibly control the ambient temperature of the microcosm system, and can perform sampling tests without destroying the experimental process, which has good practicality. Therefore, we can understand the continuous process of soil remediation through multiple continuous sampling tests, while minimizing the impact on the remediation process itself.

[0016] The microcosm experimental device described in this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1) The overall structure is relatively simple, the cost is significantly reduced, and by setting different temperature control boxes, the soil pollution remediation process under low temperature, normal temperature or high temperature conditions can be simulated, which is highly practical;

[0018] 2) Through the setting of parallel sample addition devices and multiple soil column experimental devices, we can conduct multiple groups of experiments simultaneously, and each experimental group has highly consistent feeding conditions, which can reduce the influence of feeding factors and improve the accuracy of the experiment;

[0019] 3) By sampling and testing experimental soil samples at sampling holes at different heights at any time, the restoration status of soil at different depths at any time during the soil restoration process can be understood. Through continuous sampling and testing, a dynamic restoration process can be formed, which has a high reference value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the micro-universe experimental device;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the soil column experimental device.

[0022] Description of labels:

[0023] 100-microcosm experimental device, 1-cover, 2-buffer sleeve, 3-parallel sampling device, 4-sampling hole, 5-sampling tube, 6-monitoring device, 7-detection hole, 8-soil column experimental device, 9-drain pipe, 10-groove, 11-drainage funnel, 12-sampling pump, 13-experimental soil sample, 15-sampling hole, 16-temperature control box. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present application provides a microcosm experimental device 100 for simulating the remediation of soil pollution. The microcosm device is designed for soil pollution remediation experiments, and specifically designs remediation conditions for simulating environments at various temperatures, which can make up for the shortcomings of existing microcosm simulation experimental devices.

[0025] The microcosm experimental device 100 described in the present application at least includes a parallel sampling device 3, a temperature control box 16, a parameter monitoring system, a soil column experimental device 8 and a drainage structure. The temperature control box 16 is the main structure of the microcosm experimental device 100, providing support and connection for other structures. The temperature control box 16 controls its internal temperature to simulate the soil pollution remediation at various temperatures. The parallel sampling device 3 is arranged above the temperature control box 16, and a plurality of sampling holes 4 are arranged at the bottom thereof, and the sampling holes 4 simulate rainfall to add the experimental materials to the experimental soil sample 13. That is, the parallel sampling device 3 is a device for adding experimental materials such as pollutants, water, nutrient solution, bacterial solution, etc. A sampling tube 5 and a sampling pump 12 are connected to the side or top of the parallel sampling device 3. Under the power of the sampling pump 12, the experimental material is transported to the parallel sampling device 3 through the sampling tube 5; and then added to the soil column experimental device 8 through the sampling hole 4 at the bottom of the parallel sampling device 3.

[0026] A plurality of soil column experimental devices 8 are provided below the interior of the temperature control box 16 and below the sampling hole 4 of the parallel sampling device 3. The soil column experimental device 8 is a tubular body, that is, it is a hollow cylinder or other column structure. The soil column experimental device 8 is mainly used as a container for holding experimental soil samples 13. The parallel sampling device 3 drips the experimental material into the experimental soil sample 13 in the soil column experimental device 8 through the sampling hole 4. To facilitate sampling, a plurality of sampling holes 15 are provided on the side of the parallel sampling device 3. Furthermore, in order to analyze the soil remediation process at different soil depths, we set the sampling holes 15 to be provided in plurality and located at different heights on the side of the soil column experimental device 8.

[0027] In addition, the drainage structure is mainly used to discharge the waste liquid inside the soil column experimental device 8, that is, it is connected to the bottom of the soil column experimental device 8 and the outside of the temperature control box 16. Taking into account the general experimental elements of the simulated soil remediation process, we set the parameter monitoring system to at least include a monitoring device 6 for monitoring the temperature and humidity of the experimental soil sample 13. Of course, considering different experimental design requirements, we can also directly set up monitoring devices for monitoring other parameters. It should be noted that although the settings such as drainage structures and parameter monitoring systems are not specifically described here, ordinary technicians in this field should know their specific implementation methods in combination with common knowledge. In particular, after referring to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, it should be easy to implement them according to the implementation situation. In other words, although it is not specifically described here, it should belong to the technical features that can be directly implemented by ordinary technicians in this field, that is, the entire technical solution is clear and complete.

[0028] The temperature control box 16 can adopt the common temperature control box structure on the market, or be assembled with a temperature control system and a box. On the basis of the above, considering the need for the temperature control box 16 to serve as a supporting body, as an optional implementation, the temperature control box 16 is made of stainless steel. In order to reduce energy consumption and keep the temperature inside the temperature control box 16 as stable as possible, the temperature control box 16 is coated with an insulation layer on the outside, and the insulation layer can be made of common insulation materials such as polymer insulation materials, blankets, and glass wool. In addition, in order to stabilize and position the soil column experimental device 8 inside the temperature control box 16, a groove 10 matching the shape and size of the bottom of the soil column experimental device 8 is provided at the bottom of the temperature control box 16; the soil column experimental device 8 is arranged in the groove 10. On the basis of the above, fasteners and other connecting structures can also be provided to further maintain the stability of the soil column experimental device 8.

[0029] The parallel sampling device 3 adds pollutants, water, nutrient solution, and bacterial solution experimental materials to the soil column experimental device 8. Therefore, generally speaking, we only need to set the sampling hole 4 directly above the soil column experimental device 8, and there is no need to set the sampling hole 4 at other positions. On the basis of the above, considering the possibility of using the same microcosm experimental device 100 to conduct multiple groups of control experiments at the same time, as a preferred embodiment, we set up a number of sampling areas in the parallel sampling device 3, and adjacent sampling areas are separated by partitions. In addition, different sampling areas are independently connected to the sampling tube 5 and the sampling pump 12. Through this setting, we can set up multiple groups of soil pollution simulation remediation experiments with different material conditions, and each comparison group can conduct experiments simultaneously under the same environment, which can ensure the consistency of the remediation environment of each group of control experiments. Through this setting, the practicality of the microcosm experimental device 100 can be increased and the accuracy of the experimental results can be improved.

[0030] The method of using the microcosm experimental device 100 described in the present application is: first, the soil column experimental device 8 is placed in the groove 10 below the sampling hole 4 of the parallel sampling device 3 at the bottom of the temperature control box 16; then, the experimental soil sample 13 is added to the soil column experimental device 8 and compacted, and then the parallel sampling device 3 is placed in the temperature control box 16 so that the entire microcosm experimental device 100 is basically closed, and the temperature control box 16 is adjusted to make the ambient temperature reach a preset temperature and remain stable; then the monitoring device 6 is inserted into the experimental soil sample 13 and / or the environment for data monitoring; finally, the pollutants, water, nutrient solution, bacterial solution and other experimental materials are delivered to the parallel sampling device 3 through the sampling pump 12 and the sampling tube 5 in batches, and then added to the soil column experimental device 8 through the sampling hole 4. In this process, the temperature and humidity balance of the soil column experimental device 8 and the surrounding environment should be maintained as much as possible. After adding one material, the system parameters should be stabilized before adding another material.

[0031] With reference to the above description, the present application provides a microcosm experimental device 100 for simulating the soil pollution remediation process, wherein the microcosm experimental device 100 includes a parallel sample addition device 3, a temperature control box 16, a parameter monitoring system, a soil column experimental device 8, and a drainage structure. The temperature control box 16 is the main structure and provides a stable constant temperature environment for the experimental process. The parallel sample addition device 3 is arranged at the upper end of the temperature control box 16, and is externally connected to a sample addition pump 12 and a sample addition tube 5. The parallel sample addition device 3 adds each experimental material to each soil column experimental device 8 synchronously by simulating a rainy environment. The soil column experimental device 8 is located at the bottom of the temperature control box 16, with an experimental soil sample 13 arranged in the middle, and sampling holes 15 at different heights are provided, so as to facilitate the extraction of soil samples for testing at any time. The drainage structure and the parameter monitoring system are used to remove the waste liquid from the device and monitor the parameters. Through the above arrangement, the microcosm experimental device 100 can flexibly control the ambient temperature of the microcosm system, and can perform sampling tests without destroying the experimental process, and has good practicality. Therefore, through multiple consecutive sampling tests, we can understand the continuous process of soil remediation while minimizing the impact on the remediation process itself.

[0032] In order to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the technical solution described in the present application is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0033] Example

[0034] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment specifically provides a microcosm experimental device 100 for simulating soil pollution remediation, which is used to test the remediation performance of microorganisms in degrading soil pollution. The microcosm experimental device 100 includes a parallel sample adding device 3, a temperature control box 16, a parameter monitoring system, a soil column experimental device 8 and a drainage structure.

[0035] The temperature control box 16 is a conventional controllable temperature box structure, made of stainless steel, and has a temperature control range of -30°C-40°C. The bottom thickness of the temperature control box 16 is 50mm, and the side wall thickness is 10mm. The bottom of the temperature control box 16 is provided with three rows of evenly arranged grooves 10; the grooves 10 are cylindrical structures with an inner diameter of 100mm and a height of 30mm. A drainage structure is provided at the bottom of the grooves 10, and the upper part of the drainage structure is a drainage funnel 11, and the size and shape of its port match the bottom of the soil column experimental device 8; the lower part of the drainage structure is a drainage pipe 9. Through this arrangement, the drainage structure connects the bottom of the soil column experimental device 8 with the outside of the temperature control box 16, that is, it removes the waste liquid seeping out of the soil column experimental device 8.

[0036] In order to reduce power consumption and maintain the temperature inside the temperature control box 16 to be stable, the temperature control box 16 is wrapped with an insulation layer on the outside, and the insulation layer is a 50 mm thick glass wool insulation board.

[0037] The parallel loading device 3 is made of stainless steel, and the shape and size of its bottom surface match the temperature control box 16 and is arranged on the upper part of the temperature control box 16. The height of the parallel loading device 3 is 20 mm, and a plurality of loading holes 4 are arranged at the bottom of the parallel loading device 3. The loading holes 4 are all arranged directly above the soil column experimental device 8, and no loading holes 4 are arranged at other positions. In order to facilitate the cleaning of the parallel loading device 3, a movable cover 1 is provided on the upper part of the parallel loading device 3, that is, the cover 1 can be opened or closed; the cover 1 is provided with a buffer sleeve 2 at the contact position with the parallel loading device 3, and the buffer sleeve 2 is made of rubber material. Since the parallel loading device 3 and the temperature control box 16 constitute a complete closed structure, we arrange that the outside of the parallel loading device 3 is also covered with a thermal insulation layer. Similarly, the thermal insulation layer is a 50 mm thick glass wool thermal insulation board.

[0038] Taking into account the need for conducting comparative experiments simultaneously, we set up three sample addition areas in the parallel sample addition device 3, and adjacent sample addition areas are separated by partitions, wherein the thickness of the partition is 5 mm, and the partition can be movable or fixed and integrated. Different sample addition areas are independently connected to the sample addition tube 5 and the sample addition pump 12, that is, each sample addition area can freely set the type or amount of experimental materials added, thereby forming multiple groups of comparisons. Through this setting, we can set up up to 3 groups of comparative experiments, and each group of comparative experiments has 3 experimental samples, which can not only conduct 3 groups of synchronous comparative experiments at the same time, but also reduce the contingency, that is, improve the true accuracy of the simulation.

[0039] It should be noted that the number of the grooves 10, the sample adding holes 4 or the soil column experimental devices 8 can be arbitrarily set according to actual conditions, and the parallel sample adding device 3 can be correspondingly provided with a plurality of sample adding areas according to different numbers of soil column experimental devices 8, and is not limited to the above-mentioned implementation. A person of ordinary skill in the art should understand and know the specific implementation after referring to the above description.

[0040] The soil column experimental device 8 is a tubular body with an inner diameter of 80 mm, a height of 300 mm, and a wall thickness of 10 mm, wherein the hollow interior is used to set the experimental soil sample 13. The side of the soil column experimental device 8 is provided with a plurality of sampling holes 15 of three different heights. Among them, the sampling holes 15 are circular holes with a diameter of 30 mm, and the intervals between the sampling holes 15 are 45 mm. In order to facilitate the placement and the overall removal of the experimental soil sample 13 after the experiment is completed, we set the soil column experimental device 8 to be a hollow cylinder made of stainless steel, and two left and right main bodies are respectively provided along the axial section. The soil column experimental device 8 is composed of two main bodies connected by hinges, that is, the soil column experimental device 8 can be directly opened from the side, so that the experimental soil sample 13 can be conveniently and completely removed.

[0041] The parameter monitoring system includes a monitoring device 6 for monitoring the temperature, DO, moisture content, and humidity of the experimental soil sample 13. The monitoring device includes a detection head provided with a sensor and a terminal device for displaying data. Considering the shielding effect of the metal cavity, we set the detection head and the terminal device to be connected by wire. In order to facilitate the setting of the monitoring device 6, we set a plurality of detection holes 7 on the side wall of the temperature control box 16; the detection head of the monitoring device 6 enters the interior of the temperature control box 16 through the detection hole 7, and at this time, the detection hole 7 is closed by a sealing material.

[0042] Under the above settings, the method of using the microcosm experimental device 100 described in this embodiment is as follows: first, the parallel sampling device 3 needs to be removed, and the experimental soil sample 13 is placed in the soil column experimental device 8 and compacted; secondly, the soil column experimental device 8 is placed in the groove 10 at the bottom of the temperature control box 16 according to the predetermined orientation and fixed; then we insert the detection head of the monitoring device 6 into the experimental soil sample 13 through the detection hole 7 to prepare for measurement; after that, we set the parallel sampling device 3 at the upper end of the temperature control box 16 and cover it with the cover 1; finally, after the temperature control box 16 reaches the preset temperature and stabilizes, the experimental materials can be synchronously transported to each sampling area of ​​the parallel sampling device 3 through the sampling pump 12 and the sampling tube 5 and finally enter the experimental soil sample 13 of the soil column experimental device 8 in a manner similar to rainfall.

[0043] In the above process, we can adjust the adding time, adding amount and adding method of the experimental materials at will, and can also adjust the temperature and humidity of the experimental environment. During the experiment, the experimental soil samples 13 of different depths can be sampled and tested at any time through the sampling holes 15, and the impact on the experiment itself can be minimized in a fast and appropriate manner. Therefore, through this method, we can understand in detail the continuous process of soil pollution remediation at different depths.

[0044] It should be noted that, in this article, terms such as "comprises", "includes" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of more restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." does not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the element.

[0045] Of course, the above description is not limited to the above examples. The technical features not described in this application can be realized by or using existing technologies, which will not be described here. The above embodiments and drawings are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application and are not limitations of this application. This application is only described in detail in conjunction with and with reference to the preferred implementation methods. It should be understood by ordinary technicians in this field that changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by ordinary technicians in this technical field within the substantive scope of this application do not deviate from the purpose of this application and should also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A microcosm experimental device for simulating soil pollution remediation, characterized in that: It includes a parallel sampling device, a temperature control box, a parameter monitoring system, a soil column experimental device and a drainage structure; the parallel sampling device is arranged above the temperature control box, and a plurality of sampling holes are arranged at the bottom thereof, and a sampling tube and a sampling pump are connected to the side or the top thereof; a plurality of soil column experimental devices are arranged below the interior of the temperature control box and below the sampling holes of the parallel sampling device, and the soil column experimental device is a tubular body, wherein the hollow interior is used to set the experimental soil sample, and a plurality of sampling holes of different heights are arranged on the side thereof; the drainage structure is connected to the bottom of the soil column experimental device and the outside of the temperature control box; the parameter monitoring system at least includes a monitoring device for monitoring the temperature and humidity of the experimental soil sample; the temperature control box controls the internal temperature; The parallel sample loading device is provided with a plurality of sample loading areas, and adjacent sample loading areas are separated by partitions; different sample loading areas are independently connected to sample loading tubes and sample loading pumps; The soil column experimental device is a hollow cylinder made of stainless steel, and is provided with two main bodies on the left and right sides along the axial section. The soil column experimental device is composed of two main bodies connected by hinges. The upper part of the drainage structure is a drainage funnel, the size and shape of its port matches the bottom of the soil column experimental device; the lower part of the drainage structure is a drainage pipe; The monitoring device includes a detection head with a sensor and a terminal device for displaying data, and the detection head is connected to the terminal device by wire; a plurality of detection holes are provided on the side wall of the temperature control box; the detection head of the monitoring device enters the interior of the temperature control box through the detection holes, and at this time, the detection holes are closed by sealing materials.

2. The microcosm experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature control box is made of stainless steel and is coated with a heat-insulating layer on the outside; a groove matching the shape and size of the bottom of the soil column experimental device is provided at the bottom of the temperature control box; and the soil column experimental device is arranged in the groove.

3. The microcosm experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A movable cover is provided on the upper part of the parallel sample adding device, and a buffer sleeve is provided on the cover at a position in contact with the parallel sample adding device; and a heat preservation layer is coated on the outside of the parallel sample adding device.

4. The microcosm experimental device according to any one of claims 2 or 3, characterized in that: The thermal insulation layer is one of polymer thermal insulation material, glass wool and blanket.

5. The microcosm experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sample adding hole at the bottom of the parallel sample adding device is arranged right above the soil column experimental device, and no sample adding hole is arranged at other positions.

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