A centering measuring mechanism and automatic wheel measuring machine thereof

Abstract

The present invention provides a centering and measuring mechanism, comprising a moving mechanism, a rotating mechanism, a centering mechanism and a detection mechanism, wherein the rotating mechanism, the centering mechanism and the detection mechanism are all arranged on a lifting slide plate of the moving mechanism, the moving mechanism drives the rotating mechanism, the centering mechanism and the detection mechanism to move up and down, the rotating mechanism drives the centering mechanism and the detection mechanism to rotate, the centering mechanism and the detection mechanism cooperate to detect the inner diameter of the wheel hub hole of the wheel, the present invention can lift the wheel through the lifting mechanism to separate the wheel from the roller conveyor, center the wheel through the centering mechanism, and finally automatically detect the wheel through the centering and measuring mechanism, the detection accuracy is high, and the present invention is suitable for wheels of different specifications.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of geometrical quantity detection of railway locomotive and vehicle wheels, and in particular to a centering measurement mechanism and an automatic wheel measuring machine thereof. Background Art

[0002] Wheels are the main components that support vehicle operation and are also one of the important interchangeable parts in vehicle maintenance. Their technical parameter status directly affects the safe and smooth operation of the vehicle. They must be precisely measured and the test results must be provided in a timely and accurate manner.

[0003] The existing wheel hub aperture detection mainly adopts the manual detection method of general measuring tools, which is inefficient, has large errors, and human factors interfere with the detection results. At the same time, multiple specifications of wheels have different hub apertures, which also brings difficulties to the realization of high-precision, automatic, intelligent, contact-type relative measurement and multi-specification detection. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a centering measurement mechanism and an automatic wheel measuring machine thereof.

[0005] The object of the present invention is achieved in the following manner:

[0006] A centering and measuring mechanism comprises a moving mechanism, a rotating mechanism, a centering mechanism and a detecting mechanism, wherein the rotating mechanism, the centering mechanism and the detecting mechanism are all arranged on a lifting slide plate of the moving mechanism, the moving mechanism drives the rotating mechanism, the centering mechanism and the detecting mechanism to move up and down, the rotating mechanism drives the centering mechanism and the detecting mechanism to rotate, and the centering mechanism and the detecting mechanism are used together to detect the inner diameter of the hub hole of the wheel.

[0007] The moving mechanism includes a lifting cylinder and a lifting slide for controlling lifting. The lifting cylinder and the lifting slide are fixed in the middle of the gantry frame. The lifting cylinder is slidably connected to the lifting slide through a lifting slide. A lifting slide is provided under the lifting slide. Lifting slide rails are provided on both sides of the lifting slide. The lifting slide rails are slidably connected to the lifting slide.

[0008] A rotary swing table connected to a rotary mechanism is fixedly disposed below the lifting slide, a bidirectional floating mechanism is disposed below the rotary swing table, and the rotary swing table is a rotary cylinder.

[0009] The two-way floating mechanism comprises an upper connecting plate and a lower connecting plate, the upper end of the upper connecting plate is fixedly connected to the rotary swing table, a partition is arranged between the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate, the lower end of the upper connecting plate is connected to the upper end of the partition via an upper slider, an upper slide rail is arranged above the partition, the upper slider is connected to the upper slide rail slider, an upper return tension spring is arranged in the middle of the lower end of the upper connecting plate, one end of the upper return tension spring is connected to the upper end of the partition, and the other end of the upper return tension spring is fixedly connected to the upper connecting plate;

[0010] The upper part of the lower connecting plate is connected to the lower part of the partition through the lower slide rail. A lower slider is provided under the partition, and the lower slider is connected to the lower slide rail slider. A lower return spring is provided in the middle of the lower end of the partition. One end of the lower return spring is connected to the lower part of the partition, and the other end of the lower return spring is fixedly connected to the upper part of the lower connecting plate.

[0011] The detection mechanism includes a detection vertical plate, which is fixed on both sides of the lower connecting plate below the detection vertical plate, and is fixedly connected to a mounting plate below the detection vertical plate. Detection mounting holes are provided on both sides of the mounting plate, and a detection slide rail is provided on the upper end of the mounting plate. Both ends of the detection slide rail are provided with symmetrically arranged detection rods, which pass through the detection mounting holes, and the detection rods are connected to the detection slide rails through detection sliders. The detection slider includes a front slider and a rear slider. A detection cylinder is provided above the detection slider, and the detection cylinder pushes the detection slider for relative movement. The working end of the detection cylinder is fixedly connected to the rear slider, and the other end of the detection cylinder is fixedly connected to the front slider. A detection sensor is also provided on the detection slider, and the detection sensor is fixed on the upper end of the rear slider. A block used in conjunction with the detection sensor is provided on the front slider.

[0012] The detection rod is composed of an upper detection rod provided with an upper contact and a lower detection rod provided with a lower contact;

[0013] The front slider and the rear slider each include a left slider and a right slider, the detection sensor includes a left sensor and a right sensor, the upper contact is fixedly connected to the right slider via an upper detection rod, and the lower contact is fixedly connected to the left slider via a lower detection rod; the left sensor is arranged at the upper end of the left slider, and the right sensor is arranged at the upper end of the right slider;

[0014] The detection cylinder comprises a left cylinder and a right cylinder, wherein the left cylinder is arranged above the left sliding block, and the right cylinder is arranged above the right cylinder.

[0015] The middle part of the mounting plate is also provided with an installation centering hole used in conjunction with the centering mechanism. The centering mechanism includes a centering cylinder, a centering pad and a centering sleeve. A centering pad is arranged at the lower end of the centering cylinder. The centering pad is fixedly arranged above the installation centering hole. The centering sleeve is fixed below the installation centering hole. A plurality of positioning pins are arranged at the lower end of the centering sleeve. There are at least three positioning pins. A positioning pin hole used in conjunction with the positioning pin is arranged at the lower end of the centering sleeve. The positioning pins are evenly arranged below the centering sleeve. The positioning pin shaft is interlaced with the positioning pin hole, and a positioning pin is provided on the positioning pin shaft. The positioning pin is connected to the centering sleeve through a positioning spring, and a positioning long hole used in conjunction with the positioning pin is also provided at the lower end of the centering sleeve. The working end of the centering cylinder is fixedly connected to the tightening block, and the end surface of the tightening block gradually decreases from top to bottom. The tightening block is used in conjunction with the positioning pin shaft through a rotating roller, and a centering contact is provided at the end of the positioning pin shaft away from the tightening block, and the other end of the positioning pin shaft is hinged to the rotating roller, and a protective cover is provided on the surrounding side of the mounting plate.

[0016] There are at least three positioning pins.

[0017] A wheel automatic measuring machine uses the centering measuring mechanism described above.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can lift the wheel through the lifting mechanism to disengage the wheel from the roller conveyor, center the wheel through the centering mechanism, and finally automatically detect the wheel through the centering measuring mechanism. The detection accuracy is high and it is suitable for wheels of different specifications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a top view of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the centering measuring mechanism.

[0022] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the detection mechanism.

[0023] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Top view of the .

[0024] Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of the centering mechanism.

[0025] Figure 7 It is a top view of the centering mechanism.

[0026] Figure 8 It is a structural diagram of a bidirectional floating mechanism.

[0027] Fig. 9 This is a top view of the centering structure.

[0028] Fig.10 It is a cross-sectional view of the centering structure.

[0029] Fig.11 It is a structural diagram of the lifting mechanism.

[0030] Fig.12 It is a structural diagram of the calibration mechanism.

[0031] Fig.13 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the centering measurement mechanism.

[0032] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of the centering mechanism and the detection mechanism.

[0033] Among them, 1. Gantry frame, 101. Crossbeam, 102. Base, 103. Column, 2. Centering and measuring mechanism, 201. Lifting cylinder, 202. Lifting slide plate, 203. Lifting slide seat, 204. Bidirectional floating mechanism, 2040. Upper connecting plate, 2041. Partition plate, 2042. Lower connecting plate, 2043. Upper slider, 2044. Upper slide rail, 2045. Upper return spring, 2046. Lower return spring, 2047. Lower slide rail , 2048. Lower slider, 205. Detection mechanism, 2051. Detection plate, 2052. Detection rail, 2053. Mounting plate, 2054. Upper contact, 2055. Lower contact, 2056. Detection cylinder, 2057. Right sensor, 2058. Left sensor, 2059. Left slider, 2060. Right slider, 2061. Stopper, 2062. Front slider, 2063. Rear slider, 2064. Centering sleeve, 20 65. Positioning pin, 2066. Positioning spring, 2067. Tightening block, 2068. Positioning pin shaft, 2069. Centering contact, 2070. Centering pad, 2071. Install centering hole, 2072. Rotating roller, 2073. Centering cylinder, 206. Centering mechanism, 207. Shield, 3. Lifting mechanism, 301. Guide rail mounting seat, 302. Cylinder seat, 303. Lifting cylinder, 304. Bracket support seat, 305. Sliding Block mounting seat, 306. Lifting bracket, 307. Support roller support, 308. Calibration cylinder, 309. Guide rail fixing seat, 310. Calibration piece, 4. Centering mechanism, 401. Centering bracket, 402. Left centering block, 403. Right centering block, 404. Left-handed screw, 405. Left centering nut, 406. Right centering nut, 407. Right-handed screw, 408. Intermediate shaft, 409. Transmission gear, 5 roller conveyor, A represents the wheel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] As attached Figures 1 to 14As shown, a wheel automatic measuring machine includes a gantry frame 1 with a crossbeam 101 at the top and a base 102 at the bottom, and a roller conveyor 5 arranged above the base 102, a lifting mechanism 3 for lifting the wheel is arranged below the roller conveyor 5, the lifting mechanism 3 is fixed to the middle of the base 102, a centering mechanism 4 for centering and positioning the wheel is arranged in the middle of the gantry frame 1, the lifting mechanism 3 is arranged below the centering mechanism 4, the lower end of the lifting mechanism 3 is fixedly connected to the base 102, a centering measuring mechanism 2 is arranged above the centering mechanism 4, and the centering measuring mechanism 2 is connected to the crossbeam 101 of the gantry frame 1. The beam 101 is fixedly connected, and the gantry bracket also includes columns 103 on both sides. The columns 103 connect the upper crossbeam 101 and the lower base 102. The roller conveyor 5 is a prior art and is used to transport wheels, so that the wheels are automatically transported to the top of the lifting mechanism 3, and the wheels are lifted to the centering mechanism 4 through the lifting mechanism 3, so that the wheels are separated from the roller conveyor. It is worth noting that when the lifting mechanism 3 is working, the roller conveyor 5 is stopped, and the wheel adjusts its position through the centering mechanism 4. Finally, the size inside the wheel is detected through the centering measuring mechanism 2, thereby realizing fully automated detection with high detection accuracy, which is suitable for wheels of different specifications.

[0035] The lifting mechanism 3 includes a guide rail mounting seat 301 and a lifting cylinder 303. The guide rail mounting seat 301 is installed on both sides of the lifting cylinder 303. A bracket support seat 304 is connected to the working end of the lifting cylinder 303. The upper end of the bracket support seat 304 is fixedly connected to a lifting bracket 306. Slider mounting seats 305 are provided on both sides of the lifting bracket 306. The slider mounting seat 305 is slidably connected to the guide rail mounting seat 301. A lifting slide rail is provided on the guide rail mounting seat 301. The slider mounting seat 305 is connected to the lifting slide rail of the guide rail mounting seat 301 through a guide rail slider. Wheel supports 307 for lifting wheels are provided on both sides above the bracket support seat 304. The lower end of the guide rail mounting seat 301 is fixedly connected to the base 102. The lower end of the lifting cylinder 303 is connected to the base 102 through the guide rail slider. The cylinder seat 302 is connected to the base 102, and the lifting cylinder 303 is hinged to the cylinder seat 302. It is worth noting that the thickness of the roller support 307 is less than the spacing between two adjacent rollers on the roller conveyor 5. The roller support 307 is inserted and connected to the roller conveyor 5. When the roller conveyor 5 transports the wheel to the top of the lifting mechanism 3, it stops working and the lifting cylinder 303 is started. The working end of the lifting cylinder 303 pushes the bracket support seat 304 to push the lifting bracket 306 up, and the slider mounting seats 305 on both sides of the lifting bracket 306 slide along the guide rail mounting seat 301, and then the roller support 307 above the lifting bracket 306 will lift the wheel to separate the wheel from the roller conveyor 5. Under the push of the roller support 307, the wheel enters the centering mechanism 4.

[0036] A calibration mechanism is provided between the wheel supports 307, and the calibration mechanism includes a calibration cylinder 308. The calibration cylinder 308 is arranged in the bracket support seat 304, and the working end of the calibration cylinder 308 extends above the lifting bracket 306. Guide rail fixing seats 309 are provided on both sides of the calibration cylinder 308, and calibration guide rails are provided on the guide rail fixing seats 309. A calibration piece 310 is fixedly connected to the working end of the calibration cylinder 308, and the calibration piece 310 is slidably connected to the calibration guide rail through a slider connecting seat. The calibration piece 310 lifts the middle part of the wheel, and the calibration piece 310 is pushed by the calibration cylinder 308. The guide rail fixing seats 309 on both sides of the calibration piece 310 move along the calibration guide rail. The cylinder body of the calibration cylinder 308 is arranged in the bracket support seat 304, and the working end of the calibration cylinder 308 extends out of the lifting bracket 306.

[0037] The centering mechanism 4 includes a symmetrically arranged left centering device and a right centering device, and a centering bracket 401 fixed to the middle of the gantry frame 1. The left centering device and the right centering device are arranged above the centering bracket 401.

[0038] The left centering device comprises a left centering block 402, which is slidably connected to the centering bracket 401 through a left centering guide rail, and a left centering nut 405 is provided below the left centering block 402, and the left centering nut 405 is fixedly connected to the left centering block 402, and the left centering nut 405 is connected to a left-handed screw 404 through a thread, and both ends of the left-handed screw 404 are hinged at the lower end of the centering bracket 401, and the end of the left-handed screw 404 away from the left centering block 402 is fixedly connected to a hydraulic motor through a coupling, and the hydraulic motor is fixedly connected to the centering bracket 401;

[0039] The right centering device includes a right centering block 403, which is slidably connected to the centering bracket 401 through a right centering guide rail, and a right centering nut 406 is provided below the right centering block 403, and the right centering nut 406 is fixedly connected to the left centering block 402, and the right centering nut 406 is connected to a right-hand screw 407 through a thread, and both ends of the right-hand screw 407 are hinged at the lower end of the centering bracket 401;

[0040] The left-hand screw 404 and the right-hand screw 407 are connected by an intermediate shaft 408, and transmission gears 409 are provided at both ends of the intermediate shaft 408. The intermediate shaft 408 is gear-connected with the left-hand screw 404 and the right-hand screw 407 through the transmission gear 409. The intermediate shaft 408 is hinged on the lower side of the centering bracket 401. The left centering block 402 and the right centering block 403 are both V-shaped blocks. When the wheel is lifted between the left centering block 402 and the right centering block 403 by the supporting wheel support 307, the lifting cylinder 303 stops working, and the hydraulic motor of the centering mechanism 4 starts working. The hydraulic motor is connected to the left-hand screw through a coupling, and the left-hand screw 404 rotates to drive the left centering nut 405. Because the left centering nut 405 is fixedly connected to the left centering block 402, the left centering block 402 is connected to the left centering slide rail. The connecting bracket, i.e., the left-handed screw 404 and the left centering nut 405, is a ball screw substructure, i.e., the rotation of the left-handed screw 404 drives the left centering nut 405 to move right, i.e., drives the left centering block 402 to move right, the left-handed screw 404 is connected to the right-handed screw 407 through the intermediate shaft 408, and the two ends of the intermediate shaft 408 are connected to the left-handed screw 404 and the right-handed screw 407 through gears, i.e., when the left-handed screw 404 rotates, it drives the right-handed screw 407 to rotate synchronously, the right-handed screw 407 and the right centering nut 406 form a ball screw substructure, the right-handed screw 407 drives the right centering block 403 to move left, and the hydraulic motor synchronously drives the left centering block 402 and the right centering block 403 to do relative motion, so that the left centering block 402 and the right centering block 403 clamp the wheel, and the wheel is in the middle of the centering mechanism 4.

[0041] The centering and measuring mechanism 2 includes a moving mechanism, a rotating mechanism, a centering mechanism 206 and a detection mechanism 205. The rotating mechanism, the centering mechanism 206 and the detection mechanism 205 are all arranged on the lifting slide 202 of the moving mechanism. The moving mechanism drives the rotating mechanism, the centering mechanism 206 and the detection mechanism 205 to move up and down, and the rotating mechanism drives the centering mechanism 206 and the detection mechanism 205 to rotate. The centering mechanism 206 and the detection mechanism 205 are used together to detect the inner diameter of the wheel.

[0042] The moving mechanism includes a lifting cylinder 201 and a lifting slide 202 for controlling lifting. The lifting cylinder 201 and the lifting slide 202 are fixed in the middle of the gantry frame 1. The lifting cylinder 201 is slidably connected to the lifting slide 202 through a lifting slide 203. A lifting slider is provided below the lifting slide 203. Lifting rails are provided on both sides of the lifting slide 202. The lifting rails are slidably connected to the lifting slider;

[0043] A rotary swing table of a rotary mechanism is fixedly connected below the lifting slide 203. The rotary swing table is a rotary cylinder, and a bidirectional floating mechanism 204 is provided below the rotary swing table.

[0044] The bidirectional floating mechanism 204 comprises an upper connecting plate 2040 and a lower connecting plate 2042, wherein the upper end of the upper connecting plate 2040 is fixedly connected to the rotary swing table, a partition plate 2041 is arranged between the upper connecting plate 2040 and the lower connecting plate 2042, the lower end of the upper connecting plate 2040 is connected to the upper end of the partition plate 2041 via an upper slider 2043, an upper slide rail 2044 is arranged above the partition plate 2041, the upper slider 2043 is connected to the slider of the upper slide rail 2044, an upper return tension spring 2045 is arranged in the middle part of the lower end of the upper connecting plate 2040, one end of the upper return tension spring 2045 is connected to the upper end of the partition plate 2041, and the other end of the upper return tension spring 2045 is fixedly connected to the upper connecting plate 2040;

[0045] The top of the lower connecting plate 2042 is connected to the bottom of the partition 2041 through the lower slide rail 2047. A lower slider 2048 is provided below the partition 2041. The lower slider 2048 is connected to the slider of the lower slide rail 2047. A lower return spring 2046 is provided in the middle of the lower end of the partition 2041. One end of the lower return spring 2046 is connected to the bottom of the partition 2041, and the other end of the lower return spring 2046 is fixedly connected to the top of the lower connecting plate 2042.

[0046] The detection mechanism 205 includes a detection vertical plate 2051, which is fixed on both sides below the lower connecting plate 2042. A mounting plate 2053 is fixedly connected below the detection vertical plate 2051. Detection mounting holes are provided on both sides of the mounting plate 2053. A detection slide rail 2052 is provided on the upper end of the mounting plate 2053. Both ends of the detection slide rail 2052 are provided with symmetrical detection rods. The detection rods are inserted into the detection mounting holes. The detection rods are connected to the detection slide rail 2052 through a detection slider. The slider includes a front slider 2062 and a rear slider 2063. A detection cylinder 2056 is provided above the detection slider. The detection cylinder 2056 pushes the detection slider to move relative to each other. The working end of the detection cylinder 2056 is fixedly connected to the rear slider 2063, and the other end of the detection cylinder 2056 is fixedly connected to the front slider 2062. A detection sensor is also provided on the detection slider. The detection sensor is fixed on the upper end of the rear slider 2063. A stopper 2061 used in conjunction with the detection sensor is provided on the front slider 2062.

[0047] The detection rod is composed of an upper detection rod provided with an upper contact 2054 and a lower detection rod provided with a lower contact 2055; the front slider 2062 and the rear slider 2063 have the same structure, and the front slider 2062 and the rear slider 2063 both include a left slider 2059 and a right slider 2060, and the detection sensor includes a left sensor 2058 and a right sensor 2057, the upper contact 2054 is fixedly connected to the right slider 2060 through the upper detection rod, and the lower contact 2055 is fixedly connected to the left slider 2059 through the lower detection rod, the left sensor 2058 is arranged at the upper end of the left slider 2059, and the right sensor 2057 is arranged at the upper end of the right slider 2060;

[0048] The detection cylinder 2056 includes a left cylinder and a right cylinder, wherein the left cylinder is arranged above the left slider 2059, and the right cylinder is arranged above the right slider 2060. The cylinder body of the left cylinder is fixed on one left slider 2059, and the working end of the left cylinder is fixed on the other left slider 2059. The two left sliders 2059 are moved synchronously by the left cylinder, and the principle of the right cylinder is the same as above.

[0049] The middle part of the installation plate 2053 is also provided with an installation centering hole 2071 used in conjunction with the centering mechanism 206. The centering mechanism 206 includes a centering cylinder 2073, a centering pad 2070 and a centering sleeve 2064. The centering pad 2070 is arranged at the lower end of the centering cylinder 2073. The centering pad 2070 is fixedly arranged above the installation centering hole 2071. The centering sleeve 2064 is fixedly connected to the centering pad 2070. A plurality of positioning pins 2068 are arranged at the lower end of the centering sleeve 2064. There are at least three positioning pins 2068. A positioning pin 2065 hole used in conjunction with the positioning pin 2068 is arranged at the lower end of the centering sleeve 2064. The positioning pin The shaft 2068 is evenly arranged below the centering sleeve 2064, the positioning pin shaft 2068 is connected with the positioning pin 2065 hole through the insertion, and a positioning pin 2065 is provided on the positioning pin shaft 2068. The positioning pin 2065 is connected to the centering sleeve 2064 through a positioning spring 2066. A positioning long hole used in conjunction with the positioning pin 2065 is also provided at the lower end of the centering sleeve 2064. The working end of the centering cylinder 2073 is fixedly connected to the tightening block 2067, and the end surface of the tightening block 2067 gradually decreases from top to bottom. The tightening block 2067 is used in conjunction with the positioning pin shaft 2068 by rotating the roller 2072. A centering contact 2069 is provided at one end of the positioning pin shaft 2068 away from the tightening block 2067, and the other end of the positioning pin shaft 2068 is hinged and rotated Roller 2072 is provided with a shield 207 on the side of the mounting plate 2053. After the centering mechanism 4 has clamped the wheel, the lifting cylinder 201 of the centering and measuring mechanism 2 starts to work. The lifting cylinder 201 pushes the lifting slide 203 to move along the lifting slide 202, and then the rotary mechanism, the centering mechanism 206 and the detection mechanism 205 are moved downward as a whole, so that the shield 207 of the detection mechanism 205 is inserted into the middle inner diameter of the wheel, and the centering cylinder 2073 of the centering mechanism 206 is started. The centering cylinder 2073 pushes the tightening block 2067 downward, and the tightening block 2067 hits the positioning pin 2068, so that the positioning pin 2068 moves outward until the centering contact 2069 at the outer end of the positioning pin 2068 is completely pressed against the inner wall of the wheel. It is worth noting that It should be noted that the extension amount of the locating pin 2068 is the same. If the center of the centering mechanism 206 does not coincide with the center of the inner diameter of the wheel, when the locating pin 2068 of the centering mechanism 206 is extended and retracted, it will not be able to be centered due to the asynchronous contact with the inner wall of the wheel. At this time, the two-way floating mechanism 204 starts to work, and the lower connecting plate 2042 and the partition 2041 of the two-way floating mechanism 204 will work passively. The passive work is to receive the reaction force of the locating pin 2068 and the inner wall of the wheel. Under the action of the reaction force, the lower connecting plate 2042 and the partition 2041 move forward, backward, left and right until the center of the centering mechanism 206 completely coincides with the wheel mechanism, driving the centering mechanism 206 and the detection mechanism 205 to move, thereby avoiding measurement errors and improving accuracy.After the centering mechanism 206 is centered with the wheel, the detection mechanism 205 starts to work, and the detection cylinder 2056 works to push the front slider 2062 and the rear slider 2063 of the detection slider to move relative to each other, and the front slider 2062 and the rear slider 2063 gradually move away from each other, that is, the detection cylinder 2056 pushes the left slider 2059 and the right slider 2060 to move at the same time, and the left slider 2059 and the right slider 2060 move along the detection slide rail 2052, and the left slider 2059 drives the lower contact 2055 fixedly connected thereto to move outward, and the right slider 2055 drives the lower contact 2055 fixedly connected thereto to move outward. The slider 2060 drives the upper contact 2054 fixedly connected thereto to move outward, that is, to move out of the shield 207, until the upper contact 2054 and the lower contact 2055 at both ends contact the inner wall of the wheel. The upper contact 2054 is pressed against the inner wall of the wheel under the action of the right cylinder. The right sensor detects the distance between the upper contact 2054 and the stopper 2061, and transmits the information to the external control system. The control system calculates the diameter of the inner upper end surface of the wheel. The lower contact 2055 is pressed against the inner wall of the wheel under the action of the left cylinder. The left sensor 205 8 detects the distance between the upper contact 2054 and the lower contact 2055 at both ends, and transmits the information to the external control system, which calculates the diameter of the lower end surface of the wheel. The above process takes about 3 or 4 seconds. The thrust of the detection cylinder is a fixed value. The thrust is small and will not damage the upper detection rod and the lower detection rod. Because at the beginning, the distance between the upper contact 2054 and the lower contact 2055 at both ends is a fixed value, the distance between the detection sensor and the stopper 2061 is a fixed value, and the distance moved by the upper contact 2054 and the lower contact 2055 is That is, twice the distance between the detection sensor and the stopper 2061, that is, the diameter inside the wheel can be calculated, and then the rotary cylinder rotates 90° to make the upper contact 2054 and the lower contact 2055 measure the diameter in the vertical direction. The external control system is the existing technology, and this manual will not explain it in detail, such as PLC controller, etc. The above-mentioned detection sensor, left sensor 2058 and right sensor 2057 are all displacement sensors, and the upper contact 2054 and the lower contact 2055 are made of bearing steel.

[0050] A pneumatic assembly box and an electrical assembly box are provided on both sides of the gantry frame 1 , and the pneumatic assembly box and the electrical assembly box are connected to the roller conveyor 5 , the lifting mechanism 3 , the centering mechanism 4 and the centering and measuring mechanism 2 .

[0051] The working process of the present invention is as follows: when the roller conveyor 5 conveys the wheel to the top of the lifting mechanism 3, it stops working, and the lifting cylinder 303 is started. The working end of the lifting cylinder 303 pushes the bracket support seat 304 to move the lifting bracket 306 upward, and the slider mounting seats 305 on both sides of the lifting bracket 306 slide along the guide rail mounting seat 301, and then the roller support 307 above the lifting bracket 306 will lift the wheel to separate the wheel from the roller conveyor 5. Under the push of the roller support 307, the wheel enters the centering mechanism 4. When the wheel is lifted by the roller support 307 to between the left centering block 402 and the right centering block 403, the lifting cylinder 303 stops working, and the hydraulic motor of the centering mechanism 4 starts working. The hydraulic motor is connected to the left-hand screw through a coupling. The left-hand screw 404 rotates and drives the left centering nut 405, because the left centering nut 405 is fixedly connected to the left centering block 402, and the left centering block 402 is connected to the bracket through the centering slide rail, that is, the left-hand screw 404 and the left centering nut 405 are a ball screw substructure, that is, the rotation of the left-hand screw 404 drives the left centering nut 405 to move right, that is, drives the left centering block 402 to move right, and the left-hand screw 404 is connected to the right-hand screw 407 through the intermediate shaft 408, and the two ends of the intermediate shaft 408 are connected to the left-hand screw 404 and the right-hand screw 407 through gears, that is, when the left-hand screw 404 rotates, it drives the right-hand screw 407 to rotate synchronously, and the right-hand screw 407 and the right centering nut 406 form a ball screw substructure, and the right-hand screw 407 drives The right centering block 403 moves to the left, and the hydraulic motor synchronously drives the left centering block 402 and the right centering block 403 to make relative movement, so that the left centering block 402 and the right centering block 403 clamp the wheel, and the wheel is in the middle of the centering mechanism 4. After the centering mechanism 4 clamps the wheel, the lifting cylinder 201 of the centering and measuring mechanism 2 starts to work, and the lifting cylinder 201 pushes the lifting slide 203 to move along the lifting slide 202, and then moves the rotary mechanism, the centering mechanism 206 and the detection mechanism 205 downward as a whole, so that the shield 207 of the detection mechanism 205 is inserted into the middle inner diameter of the wheel, and the centering cylinder 2073 of the centering mechanism 206 is started, and the centering cylinder 2073 pushes the tightening block 2067 downward, and the tightening block 2067 hits the positioning pin shaft 20 68, so that the positioning pin shaft 2068 moves outward until the centering contact 2069 at the outer end of the positioning pin shaft 2068 is completely pressed against the inner wall of the wheel. It is worth noting that the extension amount of the positioning pin shaft 2068 is the same. If the center of the centering mechanism 206 does not coincide with the center of the inner diameter of the wheel, when the positioning pin shaft 2068 of the centering mechanism 206 is extended and retracted, it will not be able to be centered due to the asynchronous contact with the inner wall of the wheel. At this time, the two-way floating mechanism 204 starts to work, and the lower connecting plate 2042 and the partition 2041 of the two-way floating mechanism 204 will work passively. The passive work is to receive the reaction force of the positioning pin shaft 2068 and the inner wall of the wheel. Under the action of the reaction force, the lower connecting plate 2042 and the partition 2041 move forward, backward, left and right.Until the center of the centering mechanism 206 is completely coincident with the wheel mechanism, the centering mechanism 206 and the detection mechanism 205 are driven to move, so as to avoid measurement errors and improve accuracy. After the centering mechanism 206 is centered with the wheel, the detection mechanism 205 starts to work, and the detection cylinder 2056 works to push the front slider 2062 and the rear slider 2063 of the detection slider to move relative to each other, and the front slider 2062 and the rear slider 2063 gradually move away from each other, that is, the detection cylinder 2056 pushes the left slider 2059 and the right slider 2060 to move at the same time, and the left slider 2059 and the right slider 2060 move along the detection slide rail 2052, and the left slider 2059 drives the lower contact fixedly connected thereto to move outward, and the right slider 2060 drives the upper contact fixedly connected thereto to move outward, that is, moves out of the shield 207, until the upper contacts 2054 and the lower contacts 2055 at both ends contact the inner wall of the wheel, and the upper contacts 2054 and 2055 are moved outward. When the point contacts the inner wall of the wheel, the information is transmitted to the right sensor 2057, the right sensor 2057 detects the distance between the point and the stopper 2061, and transmits the information to the external control system, and the control system calculates the diameter of the upper end surface of the wheel. When the lower contact point contacts the inner wall of the wheel, the information is transmitted to the left sensor 2058, the left sensor 2058 detects the distance between the point and the stopper 2061, and transmits the information to the external control system, and the control system calculates the diameter of the lower end surface of the wheel. Because at the beginning, the distance between the upper and lower contacts at both ends is a fixed value, the distance between the detection sensor and the stopper 2061 is a fixed value, and the distance moved by the upper and lower contacts is twice the distance moved by the detection sensor and the stopper 2061, that is, the diameter of the wheel can be calculated. The external control system is a prior art, and this manual will not be described in detail, such as a PLC controller, etc.,

[0052] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, several changes and improvements can be made without departing from the overall concept of the present invention, which should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A centering and measuring mechanism, comprising a moving mechanism, a rotating mechanism, a centering mechanism and a detecting mechanism, characterized in that: The slewing mechanism, centering mechanism and detection mechanism are all arranged on the lifting slide plate of the moving mechanism, the moving mechanism drives the slewing mechanism, centering mechanism and detection mechanism to move up and down, the slewing mechanism drives the centering mechanism and detection mechanism to rotate, and the centering mechanism and detection mechanism cooperate to detect the inner diameter of the wheel hub hole; The moving mechanism includes a lifting cylinder and a lifting slide for controlling lifting, wherein the lifting cylinder and the lifting slide are fixed at the middle of the gantry frame, the lifting cylinder is slidably connected to the lifting slide via a lifting slide, a lifting slide is provided below the lifting slide, lifting rails are provided on both sides of the lifting slide, and the lifting rails are slidably connected to the lifting slide; A rotary swing table connected to a rotary mechanism is fixedly provided below the lifting slide, a two-way floating mechanism is provided below the rotary swing table, and the rotary swing table is a rotary cylinder; The two-way floating mechanism comprises an upper connecting plate and a lower connecting plate, the upper end of the upper connecting plate is fixedly connected to the rotary swing table, a partition is arranged between the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate, the lower end of the upper connecting plate is connected to the upper end of the partition via an upper slider, an upper slide rail is arranged above the partition, the upper slider is connected to the upper slide rail slider, an upper return tension spring is arranged in the middle of the lower end of the upper connecting plate, one end of the upper return tension spring is connected to the upper end of the partition, and the other end of the upper return tension spring is fixedly connected to the upper connecting plate; The upper part of the lower connecting plate is connected to the lower part of the partition through the lower slide rail, a lower slider is provided under the partition, the lower slider is connected to the lower slide rail slider, a lower return spring is provided in the middle of the lower end of the partition, one end of the lower return spring is connected to the lower part of the partition, and the other end of the lower return spring is fixedly connected to the upper part of the lower connecting plate; The detection mechanism includes a detection vertical plate, the detection vertical plate is fixed on both sides of the lower connecting plate, and is fixedly connected to the mounting plate under the detection vertical plate. Detection mounting holes are provided on both sides of the mounting plate, and a detection slide rail is provided on the upper end of the mounting plate. Both ends of the detection slide rail are provided with symmetrically arranged detection rods, the detection rods pass through the detection mounting holes, and the detection rods are connected to the detection slide rails through detection sliders. The detection slider includes a front slider and a rear slider. A detection cylinder is provided above the detection slider, and the detection cylinder pushes the detection slider for relative movement. The working end of the detection cylinder is fixedly connected to the rear slider, and the other end of the detection cylinder is fixedly connected to the front slider. A detection sensor is also provided on the detection slider, and the detection sensor is fixed on the upper end of the rear slider. A stopper used in conjunction with the detection sensor is provided on the front slider; The detection rod is composed of an upper detection rod provided with an upper contact and a lower detection rod provided with a lower contact; The front slider and the rear slider each include a left slider and a right slider, the detection sensor includes a left sensor and a right sensor, the upper contact is fixedly connected to the right slider via an upper detection rod, and the lower contact is fixedly connected to the left slider via a lower detection rod; the left sensor is arranged at the upper end of the left slider, and the right sensor is arranged at the upper end of the right slider; The detection cylinder includes a left cylinder and a right cylinder, wherein the left cylinder is arranged above the left slider, and the right cylinder is arranged above the right slider, the cylinder body of the left cylinder is fixed on one left slider, and the working end of the left cylinder is fixed on the other left slider, and the two left sliders are moved synchronously by the left cylinder.

2. The centering measuring mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The middle part of the mounting plate is also provided with an installation centering hole used in conjunction with the centering mechanism. The centering mechanism includes a centering cylinder, a centering pad and a centering sleeve. A centering pad is arranged at the lower end of the centering cylinder. The centering pad is fixedly arranged above the installation centering hole. The centering sleeve is fixed below the installation centering hole. A plurality of positioning pins are arranged at the lower end of the centering sleeve. There are at least three positioning pins. A positioning pin hole used in conjunction with the positioning pin is arranged at the lower end of the centering sleeve. The positioning pins are evenly arranged below the centering sleeve. The positioning pin shaft is interlaced with the positioning pin hole, and a positioning pin is provided on the positioning pin shaft. The positioning pin is connected to the centering sleeve through a positioning spring, and a positioning long hole used in conjunction with the positioning pin is also provided at the lower end of the centering sleeve. The working end of the centering cylinder is fixedly connected to the tightening block, and the end surface of the tightening block gradually decreases from top to bottom. The tightening block is used in conjunction with the positioning pin shaft through a rotating roller, and a centering contact is provided at the end of the positioning pin shaft away from the tightening block, and the other end of the positioning pin shaft is hinged to the rotating roller, and a protective cover is provided on the surrounding side of the mounting plate.

3. The centering measuring mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are at least three positioning pins.

4. A wheel automatic measuring machine, characterized in that: The centering and measuring mechanism described in any one of claims 1 to 3 is used.

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