An adjustable multi-polarization multi-beam feed system and antenna

Abstract

An adjustable multi-polarization multi-beam feed system and antenna are disclosed. The adjustable multi-polarization multi-beam feed system includes a feed, multiple polarization adjustment units, multiple transmission lines, multiple radiating elements, and a control unit. One end of each polarization adjustment unit is connected to the feed to input multiple signals. The multiple transmission lines are connected one-to-one to the other end of each polarization adjustment unit to transmit multiple signals. The multiple radiating elements are connected to the transmission lines. The control unit is connected to the feed, transmission lines, and radiating elements to adjust the on / off states of the multiple polarization adjustment units and the multiple radiating elements, thereby achieving multi-polarization adjustability of the feed system to meet user requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of communication antennas, and in particular to an adjustable multi-polarization multi-beam feed system and an antenna. Background Art

[0002] An antenna is a device used to receive signals. With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, low-cost, low-power beam steering antennas have become the focus of research and development for many manufacturers.

[0003] The antenna includes a beam steering antenna. The beam steering antenna has advantages such as high transmission efficiency and obvious sidelobe suppression, and is therefore widely used in the field of beamforming antennas.

[0004] Among them, in the traditional beam steering antenna composed of a lens and a feed system, the lens only regularly adjusts the phase of the feed spherical wave, and cannot change the polarization mode of the feed itself. Today, with the increasing demand for variable polarization, the traditional beam steering antenna is relatively complex to control, and the hardware and control system are too large, which also seriously limits the polarization mode of the beam steering antenna.

[0005] Therefore, how to solve the problem of multi-polarization adjustment of beam steering antennas has become an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the invention

[0006] (I) Purpose of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an adjustable multi-polarization multi-beam feed system and antenna, which can solve the problem of difficulty in adjusting the polarization of the antenna.

[0008] (II) Technical solution

[0009] To solve the above problems, according to one aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides an adjustable multi-polarization multi-beam feed system, the adjustable multi-polarization multi-beam feed system comprising a feed, a plurality of polarization adjustment units, a plurality of transmission lines, a plurality of radiating units and a control unit, one end of the plurality of polarization adjustment units is connected to the feed to input multi-channel signals into the feed. A plurality of transmission lines are respectively connected to the other ends of the plurality of polarization adjustment units in a one-to-one correspondence to transmit multi-channel signals. A plurality of radiating units are all connected to the transmission lines. The control unit is connected to the feed, the transmission lines and the radiating units to adjust the on / off state of the polarization adjustment units and the on / off state of the radiating units.

[0010] Furthermore, the control unit includes a first control module and a plurality of second control modules. The first control module is connected to the feed source, and each of the plurality of second control modules is correspondingly connected to each of the transmission lines. The first control module and the second control module jointly control the on-off state of the polarization adjustment unit.

[0011] Furthermore, the first control module includes a first impedance transmission line and a first impedance RF grounding structure. The first impedance transmission line is connected to the feed source, the first impedance RF grounding structure is connected to the first impedance transmission line, and the first impedance RF grounding structure is spaced a certain distance from the feed source, and the distance satisfies the conditional formula: (1 / 4+n)*W, where n represents a parameter, n=0,1,2…n+1, and W represents the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave in the medium.

[0012] Further, the second control module includes a second impedance transmission line and a second impedance RF grounding structure. The second impedance transmission line is connected to the transmission line, the second impedance RF grounding structure is connected to the second impedance transmission line, and the second impedance RF grounding structure is spaced a certain distance from the transmission line, n represents a parameter, n=0,1,2…n+1, W represents the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave in the medium, wherein n represents a parameter, n=0,1,2…n+1, W represents the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave in the medium.

[0013] Furthermore, the radiation unit includes a radiation sheet and a control switch. The radiation sheet is connected to the transmission line through an electromagnetic induction element, one end of the control switch is connected to the radiation sheet, and the other end of the control switch is connected to a capacitor. The control unit further includes a third control module, the third control module is connected to the control switch, and the third control module and the second control module jointly control the on-off state of the control switch.

[0014] Furthermore, the feed source, the multiple polarization adjustment units and the multiple transmission lines together constitute a radial structure, the feed source is the center of the radial structure, the multiple transmission lines are arranged circumferentially around the feed source, and the multiple radiation units are distributed on both sides of the transmission lines.

[0015] Furthermore, a plurality of the radiation units are arranged at intervals on one side of the transmission line, and a plurality of the radiation units are arranged at intervals on the other side of the transmission line, and the radiation units on the one side are symmetrical to those on the other side.

[0016] Furthermore, the polarization adjustment unit and the control switch are one of a PIN diode, a variable capacitance diode, a CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor), a MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical System) and a liquid crystal holographic structure with voltage-controlled capacitance characteristics or switching characteristics.

[0017] Furthermore, the feed source is a circular, square or polygonal metal sheet.

[0018] According to a second aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides an antenna, comprising the above-mentioned adjustable multi-polarization multi-beam feed system, and also comprising a metal layer and a dielectric layer laid on the surface of the metal layer, wherein the adjustable multi-polarization multi-beam feed system is arranged on the surface of the dielectric layer. The antenna also comprises a lens, which is arranged in the direction of travel of the beam of the adjustable multi-polarization multi-beam feed system and is used to shape the beam.

[0019] (III) Beneficial effects

[0020] The above-mentioned technical scheme of the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects: Based on an adjustable multi-polarization multi-beam feed system of the embodiment of the present application, the adjustable multi-polarization multi-beam feed system includes a feed, multiple polarization adjustment units, multiple transmission lines, multiple radiating units and a control unit, one end of the multiple polarization adjustment units is connected to the feed to input multi-channel signals into the feed. Multiple transmission lines are respectively connected to the other ends of the multiple polarization adjustment units in a one-to-one correspondence to transmit multi-channel signals. Multiple radiating units are all connected to the transmission lines. The control unit is connected to the feed, the transmission lines and the radiating units, and is used to adjust the on-off state of the polarization adjustment unit and the on-off state of the radiating unit to realize the multi-polarization adjustment of the feed system to meet the user's usage requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the adjustable multi-polarization multi-beam feed system provided by the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the structure diagram of the adjustable multi-polarization multi-beam feed system provided by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the antenna provided by the present invention.

[0024] Reference numerals:

[0025] 100-adjustable multi-polarization multi-beam feed system, 110-feed, 120-polarization adjustment unit, 130-transmission line, 140-radiation unit, 141-radiation plate, 142-electromagnetic induction element, 143-control switch, 144-capacitor, 150-first control module, 151-first impedance transmission line, 152-first impedance RF grounding structure, 160-second control module, 161-second impedance transmission line, 162-second impedance RF grounding structure, 170-third control module, 200-metal layer, 300-dielectric layer, 400-lens. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these descriptions are only exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, in the following description, the description of well-known structures and technologies is omitted to avoid unnecessary confusion of the concept of the present invention.

[0027] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0028] In one embodiment, if Figure 1-2 As shown, the present invention provides an adjustable multi-polarization multi-beam feed system 100, which includes a feed 110, a plurality of polarization adjustment units 120, a plurality of transmission lines 130, a plurality of radiation units 140 and a control unit, wherein one end of each of the plurality of polarization adjustment units 120 is connected to the feed 110 to input multiple signals into the feed 110. The plurality of transmission lines 130 are respectively connected to the other ends of the plurality of polarization adjustment units 120 in a one-to-one correspondence to transmit multiple signals, which can be understood as signals transmitted by a plurality of different transmission lines 130. The plurality of radiation units 140 are all connected to the transmission lines 130, and it should be noted that each transmission line 130 can be provided with a plurality of radiation units 140. The control unit is connected to the feed source 110, the transmission line 130 and the radiation unit 140, and is used to adjust the on-off state of the polarization adjustment unit 120 and the on-off state of the radiation unit 140. The radiation unit 140 is used to transmit an electromagnetic wave beam into space.

[0029] In an embodiment of the present application, the feed source 110 and the transmission line 130 are connected through a polarization adjustment component 120. The control unit selects one or more transmission lines 130 through which the signal source enters by controlling the on-off state of the polarization adjustment component 120, so as to realize the multi-polarization adjustment of the feed system and meet the user's usage requirements.

[0030] The control unit may include a first control module 150 and a plurality of second control modules 160. The first control module 150 is connected to the feed source 110, and each of the plurality of second control modules 160 is correspondingly connected to each transmission line 130. The first control module 150 and the second control module 160 jointly control the on-off state of the polarization adjustment unit 120.

[0031] In the embodiment of the present application, the third control module 170 and the second control module 160 jointly control the on-off state of the polarization adjustment element 120 to select the radiation unit 140 located in a specific direction around the feed source 110, thereby realizing the polarization selection of the radiation of the feed system.

[0032] Further, the first control module 150 includes a first impedance transmission line 151 and a first impedance RF grounding structure 152. The first impedance transmission line 151 is connected to the feed source 110, the first impedance RF grounding structure 152 is connected to the first impedance transmission line 151, and the first impedance RF grounding structure 152 is spaced a certain distance from the feed source 110, and the distance satisfies the conditional formula: (1 / 4+n)*W. Wherein, n represents a parameter, n=0,1,2…n+1, and W represents the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave in the medium.

[0033] Similarly, the second control module 160 includes a second impedance transmission line 161 and a second impedance RF grounding structure 162. The second impedance transmission line 161 is connected to the transmission line 130, the second impedance RF grounding structure 162 is connected to the second impedance transmission line 161, and the second impedance RF grounding structure 162 is separated from the transmission line 130 by a certain distance, and the distance satisfies the conditional formula: (1 / 4+n)*W(n=0,1,2…). Among them, the distance satisfies the conditional formula: (1 / 4+n)*medium wavelength (n=0,1,2…).

[0034] In some embodiments, the number of polarization adjustment units 120, the number of transmission lines 130, and the number of second control modules can all be 8. One first control module 150 and eight second control modules 160 together constitute eight polarization control circuits. The eight polarization control circuits correspond to the eight polarization adjustment units 120 one by one. Each polarization control circuit can control the state of the corresponding polarization adjustment unit 120, and the state includes on and off. When the polarization adjustment unit 120 is in the on state, the signal can be transmitted by the transmission line 130 to one or more radiation units 140 corresponding to the transmission line 130, so that the radiation unit 140 generates polarization. When the polarization adjustment unit 120 is in the on-off state, the signal cannot be transmitted to the radiation unit 140 through the transmission line 130, and the radiation unit 140 does not generate polarization.

[0035] Among them, the control unit can control the 8 polarization control circuits separately, that is, the control unit can selectively control one or more polarization control circuits among the 8 polarization control circuits to change the on and off states of different transmission lines 130, thereby realizing the multi-polarization adjustable function of the feed system.

[0036] The radiation unit 140 includes a radiation sheet 141 and a control switch 143. The radiation sheet 141 can be connected to the transmission line 130 through an electromagnetic induction element 142, and the electromagnetic induction element 142 includes but is not limited to a high-frequency inductor. One end of the control switch 143 is connected to the radiation sheet 141, and the other end of the control switch 143 can be connected to a capacitor 144 for grounding. The capacitor 144 includes but is not limited to a grounding capacitor, which can specifically be a radio frequency interdigital capacitor.

[0037] In this embodiment, by connecting a capacitor 144 to one end of the control switch 143, clutter can be effectively filtered to ensure the quality of the feed system, and the unselected control switch 143 is in a grounded state, thereby effectively avoiding the radiation of the transmission line 130 and improving the transmission efficiency of the transmission line 130. Placing an electromagnetic induction element 142 between the transmission line 130 and the radiation sheet 141 can isolate high-frequency direct current and ensure the normal operation of the feed system.

[0038] In order to realize the multi-beam adjustable function of the feed system, the control unit also includes a third control module 170, which is connected to the control switch 143, and the third control module 170 and the second control module 160 jointly control the on-off state of the control switch 143.

[0039] Likewise, the first control module 150 , the second control module 160 , and the third control module 170 may include, but are not limited to, bias lines.

[0040] In the embodiment of the present application, the third control module 170 and the second control module 160 jointly control the on-off state of the control switch 143 to realize the multi-beam adjustable function of the feed system, thereby improving the use flexibility of the feed system and meeting the special needs of users.

[0041] In some other embodiments, the plurality of radiation units 140 include a plurality of control switches 143 , the number of third control modules 170 is plural, and the plurality of third control modules 170 are connected to the plurality of control switches 143 in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0042] A second control module 160 and a plurality of third control modules 170 together constitute a plurality of beam control circuits, and the plurality of beam control circuits correspond one to one with the plurality of control switches 143, and each beam control circuit can control the state of the corresponding control switch 143, and the state includes on and off. When the control switch 143 is in the on state, the signal transmitted by the transmission line 130 can be transmitted by the control switch 143 to the radiation sheet 141 corresponding to the control switch 143, so that the radiation sheet 141 is polarized and generates an electromagnetic beam. When the control switch 143 is in the on-off state, the signal cannot be transmitted to the radiation sheet 141 through the control switch 143, and the radiation sheet 141 does not generate an electromagnetic beam.

[0043] Among them, the control unit can control multiple beam control circuits separately, that is, the control unit can selectively control one or more beam control circuits among the multiple beam control circuits to change the on-off state of different control switches 143 to realize the multi-beam adjustable function of the feed system.

[0044] In some embodiments, the feed source 110, multiple polarization adjustment units 120 and multiple transmission lines 130 together constitute a radial structure, the feed source 110 is the center of the radial structure, and the multiple transmission lines 130 are arranged circumferentially around the feed source 110. The multiple polarization adjustment units 120 include but are not limited to being arranged at equal angles in the circumference of the feed source 110, that is, among the multiple polarization adjustment units 120, the angles between two adjacent polarization adjustment units 120 are the same.

[0045] A plurality of radiation units 140 are distributed on both sides of the transmission line 130. It should be noted that the radial shape is only one feasible embodiment of the feed system illustrated in the embodiment of the present application, and the shape of the feed system includes but is not limited to the radial shape.

[0046] In order to improve the effective radiation bandwidth of the feed system, a plurality of radiation units 140 are arranged at intervals on one side of the transmission line 130, and the plurality of radiation units 140 include but are not limited to being arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the transmission line 130. A plurality of radiation units 140 are arranged at intervals on the other side of the transmission line 130, and the plurality of radiation units 140 include but are not limited to being arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the transmission line 130. The radiation units 140 on one side of the transmission line 130 and on the other side of the transmission line 130 are symmetrical one by one.

[0047] In the embodiment of the present application, the paired radiating plates 141 can effectively expand the radiation bandwidth of the feed system, and the on-off state of the control switch 143 is jointly controlled by the third control module 170 and the second control module 160 to select the radiating plates 141 located in a specific direction around the feed source 110 to achieve polarization selection of antenna radiation, and the position of the radiation source and the selection of point source and line source can be achieved by selecting one or more pairs of radiating plates 141 at different positions on both sides of a transmission line 130.

[0048] Further, the polarization adjustment unit 120 and the control switch 143 may include but are not limited to one of a PIN diode, a variable capacitance diode, a CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor), a MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical System), and a liquid crystal holographic structure with voltage-controlled capacitance characteristics or switch characteristics. And the feed source 110 includes but is not limited to a metal sheet that can be circular, square, or polygonal.

[0049] When the feed source 110 is a circular metal sheet, the polarization adjustment unit 120 includes but is not limited to being in a strip shape, the extension direction of the polarization adjustment unit 120 is parallel to the radial direction of the feed source 110 , and the length direction of the transmission line 130 is parallel to the radial direction of the feed source 110 .

[0050] According to a second aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides an antenna, such as Figure 3 As shown, the antenna includes any of the above-mentioned adjustable multi-polarization multi-beam feed systems 100, and also includes a metal layer 200 and a dielectric layer 300 laid on the surface of the metal layer 200, and the adjustable multi-polarization multi-beam feed system 100 is arranged on the surface of the dielectric layer 300. The antenna also includes a lens 400, which is arranged in the direction of the beam travel of the adjustable multi-polarization multi-beam feed system 100 for shaping the beam.

[0051] In the figure, both the solid line and the dotted line represent the electromagnetic wave beam radiated by the feed system, and the figure illustrates the propagation direction of the electromagnetic wave beam and the propagation direction after passing through the lens, wherein three radiation units 140 located on the dielectric layer are specifically illustrated, and among the three radiation units 140, two radiation units 140 generate electromagnetic wave beams through the control of the control unit.

[0052] The antenna according to the embodiment of the present application has the functions of adjustable multi-polarization and adjustable multi-beam, which can meet the usage requirements of users.

[0053] Furthermore, a plurality of grounding holes are formed on the surface of the dielectric layer 300 where the capacitor 144 is disposed, and each capacitor 144 is configured to be grounded through a grounding hole. The plurality of grounding holes are arranged along the length direction of the transmission line 130, and the arrangement thereof includes but is not limited to an equidistant arrangement.

[0054] It should be understood that the above specific embodiments of the present invention are only used to illustrate or explain the principles of the present invention, and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. In addition, the appended claims of the present invention are intended to cover all changes and modifications that fall within the scope and boundaries of the appended claims, or the equivalent forms of such scope and boundaries.

Claims

1. An adjustable multi-polarization multi-beam feed system, characterized in that: include: Feeds; as well as A plurality of polarization adjustment units, one end of each of the plurality of polarization adjustment units is connected to the feed source to input multi-channel signals into the feed source; A plurality of transmission lines, wherein the plurality of transmission lines are respectively connected to the other ends of the plurality of polarization adjustment units in a one-to-one correspondence to transmit the multi-path signals; A plurality of radiation units, all connected to the transmission line; A control unit, connected to the feed source, the transmission line and the radiation unit, and used to adjust the on / off states of the plurality of polarization adjustment units and the on / off states of the plurality of radiation units; The control unit includes a first control module and a plurality of second control modules; The first control module is connected to the feed source, and each of the plurality of second control modules is connected to each transmission line correspondingly; wherein the first control module and the second control module jointly control the on-off state of the polarization adjustment unit; The first control module includes a first impedance transmission line and a first impedance radio frequency grounding structure; the first impedance transmission line is connected to a feed source, the first impedance radio frequency grounding structure is connected to the first impedance transmission line, and the first impedance radio frequency grounding structure is spaced a certain distance from the feed source; the second control module includes a second impedance transmission line and a second impedance radio frequency grounding structure; the second impedance transmission line is connected to the transmission line, the second impedance radio frequency grounding structure is connected to the second impedance transmission line, and the second impedance radio frequency grounding structure is spaced a certain distance from the transmission line; The distance satisfies the conditional formula: (1 / 4+n)*W; Wherein, n represents a parameter, n=0, 1, 2…, and W represents the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave in the medium.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The radiation unit comprises: A radiation sheet connected to the transmission line via an electromagnetic induction element; A control switch, one end of which is connected to the radiation sheet and the other end of which is connected to a capacitor; Wherein, the control unit further includes a third control module, the third control module is connected to the control switch, and the third control module and the second control module jointly control the on-off state of the control switch.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The feed source, the plurality of polarization adjustment units and the plurality of transmission lines together form a radial structure; The feed source is the center of the radial structure, and a plurality of polarization adjustment units are arranged circumferentially around the feed source; The plurality of radiation units are distributed on both sides of the transmission line.

4. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that A plurality of the radiation units are arranged at intervals on one side of the transmission line, and a plurality of the radiation units are arranged at intervals on the other side of the transmission line; The radiation units on the one side are symmetrical with those on the other side.

5. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that The polarization adjustment unit and the control switch are one of a PIN diode, a variable capacitance diode, a CMOS, a MEMS, and a liquid crystal holographic structure with voltage-controlled capacitance characteristics or switch characteristics.

6. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The feed source is a circular, square or polygonal metal sheet.

7. An antenna, characterized in that: The adjustable multi-polarization multi-beam feed system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising: A metal layer, and a dielectric layer laid on the surface of the metal layer; The adjustable multi-polarization multi-beam feed system is arranged on the surface of the dielectric layer; A lens is arranged in the direction of travel of the beam of the adjustable multi-polarization multi-beam feed system and is used to shape the beam.

Images