A highly efficient device for removing vascular calcified tissue and its working method

Abstract

The present invention relates to an efficient device for removing vascular calcified tissue and a working method thereof, comprising an ellipsoidal removal grinding wheel and an elastic filter screen arranged at the front side of the removal grinding wheel, the removal grinding wheel and the elastic filter screen are driven to rotate by a power mechanism, the power mechanism comprises a transmission shaft, the front end of the transmission shaft is fixedly connected to the middle part of the removal grinding wheel; the elastic filter screen is a cylindrical structure with an open rear end, a guide wire is fixedly passed through the middle part of the elastic filter screen, the rear end of the guide wire is fixedly connected to the middle part of the removal grinding wheel, and the elastic filter screen is opened into a cone shape with a small front end and a large rear end under the action of centrifugal force when the guide wire rotates; the removal grinding wheel comprises a cutting part, a grinding part and a smooth part arranged in sequence from front to back. By arranging two cutting methods for the front half of the removal grinding wheel, the efficiency of removing calcified tissue is improved; at the same time, an elastic filter screen is installed on the guide wire, and the elastic filter screen is opened by centrifugal force during operation to intercept oversized grinding chips, thereby preventing the grinding chips from clogging capillaries.

Description

Technical field:

[0002] The invention belongs to the technical field of vascular calcified tissue removal, and in particular relates to a device for efficiently removing vascular calcified tissue and a working method thereof. Background technology:

[0004] Calcified tissue is a substance harmful to the human body caused by the deposition of fat, thrombus, connective tissue and calcium carbonate on the inner wall of arteries. Its production can cause the narrowing of the blood vessel lumen and poor blood flow. In severe cases, it can even block the blood vessels, causing arterial rupture and massive bleeding. Therefore, it is necessary to remove the calcified tissue.

[0005] In the prior art, the devices used to remove calcified tissue have the disadvantages of low removal efficiency and long removal time. At the same time, the heat generated during the removal process is large, which will cause thermal damage to the tissues around the removal site. In addition, excessive grinding debris can cause blood vessel blockage and cause other surgical complications. The prior art does not consider the problem of recycling excessively large grinding debris. Summary of the invention:

[0007] The present invention aims to improve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. That is, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a highly efficient device for removing vascular calcified tissue and a working method thereof, which not only has a reasonable design and improves the removal efficiency, but also facilitates the collection of the removed grinding chips.

[0008] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a highly efficient device for removing vascular calcified tissue, comprising a removal grinding wheel and an elastic filter coaxially arranged on the front side of the removal grinding wheel, the removal grinding wheel and the elastic filter being driven to rotate by a power mechanism, the removal grinding wheel comprising a cutting portion, a grinding portion and a smoothing portion arranged in sequence from front to back; the elastic filter is a cylindrical structure with an open rear end.

[0009] Furthermore, the power mechanism includes a transmission shaft coaxially arranged with the removal grinding wheel, the front end of the transmission shaft is fixedly connected to the middle of the removal grinding wheel; a guide wire is fixedly passed through the middle of the elastic filter, and the rear end of the guide wire is fixedly connected to the middle of the removal grinding wheel.

[0010] Furthermore, the power mechanism also includes a high-pressure gas tank and an air turbine. The high-pressure gas tank is connected to the air turbine through a high-pressure pipe, and the air turbine is fixedly connected to the transmission shaft to drive the transmission shaft to rotate.

[0011] Furthermore, the cutting portion includes a plurality of cutting edges uniformly distributed around the axis of the grinding wheel, the cutting edges are in an arc shape with the arc opening facing the axis of the grinding wheel, the front ends of the plurality of cutting edges are fixed together, and the rear ends are respectively fixedly connected to the front end surface of the grinding portion.

[0012] Furthermore, the grinding part and the smoothing part are both rotating body structures, and the outer peripheral surface of the grinding part is embedded with diamond abrasive grains.

[0013] Furthermore, the removal grinding wheel is in an ellipsoidal shape; when the guide wire rotates, the elastic filter is opened into a cone shape with a small front diameter and a large rear diameter under the action of centrifugal force.

[0014] Another technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a working method of a highly efficient device for removing calcified tissue in blood vessels, when working, the removal device enters the human artery through the femoral artery and moves to the affected part in the blood vessel, then the power mechanism drives the removal grinding wheel to rotate through the transmission shaft, the cutting edge at the front end of the removal grinding wheel first contacts the calcified tissue, quickly removes the more protruding part of the calcified tissue, and then the diamond particles on the outer peripheral surface of the grinding part slowly grind and remove the calcified tissue, so that the surface of the calcified tissue is smoother; during the removal process, the elastic filter screen is opened by the centrifugal force when the guide wire rotates, and the grinding chips generated by the removal are intercepted by the elastic filter screen, so as to avoid the grinding chips blocking the capillaries and causing other surgical complications.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following effects: the present invention is reasonably designed, and the efficiency of removing calcified tissue is improved by arranging two cutting methods for removing the front half of the grinding wheel; at the same time, an elastic filter is installed on the guide wire, and the elastic filter is opened by centrifugal force during operation to intercept oversized grinding chips, thereby preventing the grinding chips from clogging the capillaries. Description of the drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the main structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the medium elastic filter when it is opened;

[0019] Figure 3 1 is a schematic diagram of the right side structure of removing the grinding wheel in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the side view structure of the elastic filter in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cutting edge in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the state before working in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the working state of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] In the figure:

[0025] 1-removal grinding wheel; 2-elastic filter; 201-mesh; 3-transmission shaft; 4-guide wire; 5-cutting part; 6-grinding part; 7-smoothing part; 8-cutting edge; 9-diamond abrasive grains; 10-vascular calcified tissue; 11-grinding debris. Specific implementation method:

[0027] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0028] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicating orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0029] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the present invention provides an efficient device for removing vascular calcified tissue, comprising an ellipsoidal removal grinding wheel 1 and an elastic filter 2 coaxially arranged at the front side of the removal grinding wheel 1, wherein the removal grinding wheel 1 and the elastic filter 2 are driven to rotate by a power mechanism, wherein the power mechanism comprises a transmission shaft 3 coaxially arranged with the removal grinding wheel 1, wherein the front end of the transmission shaft 3 is fixedly connected to the middle part of the removal grinding wheel 1; wherein the elastic filter 2 is a cylindrical structure with an open rear end, wherein a guide wire 4 is fixedly passed through the middle part of the elastic filter 2, wherein the rear end of the guide wire 4 is fixedly connected to the middle part of the removal grinding wheel 1, wherein the elastic filter 2 is opened into a cone shape with a small front diameter and a large rear diameter under the action of centrifugal force when the guide wire 4 rotates; wherein the removal grinding wheel 1 comprises a cutting portion 5, a grinding portion 6 and a smooth portion 7 arranged in sequence from front to back. By arranging two cutting modes for the front half of the removal grinding wheel, the efficiency of removing calcified tissue is improved; and at the same time, an elastic filter is installed on the guide wire, wherein the elastic filter is opened under the centrifugal force during operation to intercept oversized grinding debris, thereby preventing the grinding debris from clogging the capillaries.

[0030] In this embodiment, the power mechanism further includes a high-pressure gas tank and an air turbine (neither the high-pressure gas nor the air turbine is shown in the figure), the high-pressure gas tank is connected to the air turbine via a high-pressure pipe, and the air turbine is fixedly connected to the transmission shaft. The gas in the high-pressure gas tank drives the air turbine in the propeller to convert the power of the high-pressure gas into the rotation of the transmission shaft, thereby driving the grinding wheel to rotate.

[0031] In this embodiment, the grinding part 6 and the smoothing part 7 are both of a rotating body structure; the cutting part 5 includes four cutting edges 8 uniformly distributed around the axis of the removal grinding wheel 1, and the cutting edges 8 are in an arc shape with the arc mouth facing the axis of the removal grinding wheel. The front ends of the four cutting edges 8 intersect and are fixed together, and the rear ends are respectively welded and fixed to the front end surface of the grinding part 6. The four cutting edges 8 cut the calcified tissue to improve the removal efficiency. In order to prevent the cutting edge from damaging the inner wall of the blood vessel, the outer peripheral surface of the grinding part 6 is embedded with diamond abrasives 9, and diamond abrasives are used for grinding, so that the calcified tissue removal process is transformed from cutting to grinding, reducing the cutting force, and thus protecting the inner wall of the blood vessel. Preferably, the diamond abrasives are tiny.

[0032] In this embodiment, the elastic filter 2 is made of a material with good elasticity. Before the removal device reaches the calcified tissue, the elastic filter 2 is in a closed state (a convergent state). Figure 1 As shown, it is not working. At this time, the cross-sectional area of ​​the elastic filter is small. It can be deformed when it encounters external force, so that the entire removal device can smoothly pass through the narrower blood vessels to reach the affected area without causing damage to the blood vessels; when the elastic filter is in a closed state, its diameter is slightly smaller than the short axis length of the removal grinding wheel, ensuring that the elastic filter 2 and the removal grinding wheel 1 can smoothly reach the working position. When the removal grinding wheel 1 starts to work, that is, it starts to rotate under the action of the power mechanism, the elastic filter 2 is opened by the large centrifugal force when rotating with the guide wire, so that it opens into an umbrella shape, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown, the grinding chips removed by the grinding wheel 1 are collected through the opening at the rear end of the elastic filter 2 to prevent large grinding chips from flowing through the capillaries and causing blockage, resulting in slow blood flow or no reflow. At the same time, it can also prevent large grinding chips or blood clots from entering organs such as the heart and lungs, thereby avoiding other surgical complications such as myocardial infarction and vasospasm.

[0033] In this embodiment, the mesh size of the side wall of the elastic filter 2 is set to the size of the largest red blood cells that can pass through the capillaries, so as to block oversized grinding debris and avoid clogging the capillaries and causing other surgical complications.

[0034] Specific implementation process: the removal device is inserted into the human artery through the femoral artery or radial artery and moves to the affected part in the blood vessel. Then the power mechanism drives the removal grinding wheel 1 to rotate through the transmission shaft 3. The cutting edge 8 at the front end of the removal grinding wheel 1 first contacts the calcified tissue and quickly removes the more protruding part of the calcified tissue, so as to facilitate the implementation of subsequent stent implantation treatment and the entry of other surgical instruments; then the diamond particles 9 on the outer peripheral surface of the grinding part 6 slowly grind and remove the calcified tissue to make the surface of the calcified tissue smoother, so as to facilitate the implementation of subsequent stent implantation treatment. Before the removal device is started, the elastic filter 2 is in a convergent state with a small cross-sectional area. It can be deformed when it encounters external force compression, so that the device can smoothly pass through the narrower blood vessels to reach the affected part without causing damage to the blood vessels. During the removal process, the elastic filter 2, which was originally in a convergent state, opens under the action of centrifugal force when rotating with the guide wire 4, and the grinding debris generated by the removal is intercepted by the elastic filter 2, so as to avoid the grinding debris blocking the capillaries and causing other surgical complications.

[0035] The advantages of the present invention are as follows: two cutting processes (cutting and grinding) are arranged on the removal grinding wheel, which can improve the removal efficiency, speed up the removal speed, and effectively avoid the generation of excessive heat and thus thermal damage to the tissues around the removal site; at the same time, the elastic filter screen opened by the centrifugal force during the removal process is used to intercept the tiny grinding chips generated by the removal, effectively avoiding the grinding chips from clogging the capillaries and causing other surgical complications.

[0036] If the present invention discloses or involves components or structures that are fixedly connected to each other, then, unless otherwise stated, the fixed connection can be understood as: a detachable fixed connection (for example, connection using bolts or screws), and can also be understood as: a non-detachable fixed connection (for example, riveting, welding). Of course, the mutual fixed connection can also be replaced by an integrated structure (for example, manufactured by integrated molding using a casting process) (except when it is obviously impossible to use an integrated molding process).

[0037] In addition, unless otherwise stated, the terms used to indicate positional relationships or shapes in any of the technical solutions disclosed in the present invention include states or shapes that are approximate, similar, or close to them.

[0038] Any component provided by the present invention may be assembled from a plurality of separate components, or may be a separate component manufactured by an integral forming process.

[0039] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, ordinary technicians in the field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or some technical features can be replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit of the technical solution of the present invention, which should be included in the scope of the technical solution for protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A highly efficient device for removing vascular calcified tissue, characterized in that: It comprises a removal grinding wheel and an elastic filter screen coaxially arranged on the front side of the removal grinding wheel, the removal grinding wheel and the elastic filter screen are driven to rotate by a power mechanism, the removal grinding wheel comprises a cutting part, a grinding part and a smoothing part arranged in sequence from front to back; the elastic filter screen is a cylindrical structure with an open rear end; the cutting part comprises a plurality of cutting edges uniformly distributed in a circle around the axis of the removal grinding wheel, the cutting edges are in an arc shape with the arc opening facing the axis of the removal grinding wheel, the front ends of the plurality of cutting edges are fixed together, and the rear ends are respectively connected to the front end surface of the grinding part; the grinding part and the smoothing part are both rotating body structures, and the outer peripheral surface of the grinding part is embedded with diamond abrasive grains; the removal grinding wheel is in an ellipsoidal shape; when the guide wire rotates, the elastic filter screen is opened into a cone shape with a small front end diameter and a large rear end diameter under the action of centrifugal force.

2. The device for efficiently removing vascular calcified tissue according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power mechanism includes a transmission shaft coaxially arranged with the removal grinding wheel, the front end of the transmission shaft is fixedly connected to the middle of the removal grinding wheel; a guide wire is fixedly passed through the middle of the elastic filter, and the rear end of the guide wire is fixedly connected to the middle of the removal grinding wheel.

3. The device for efficiently removing vascular calcified tissue according to claim 2, characterized in that: The power mechanism also includes a high-pressure gas tank and an air turbine. The high-pressure gas tank is connected to the air turbine through a high-pressure pipe, and the air turbine is fixedly connected to the transmission shaft to drive the transmission shaft to rotate.

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