A method for recovering hydrothermal barite in tailings

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for recovering hydrothermal barite from tailings, belonging to the technical field of non-metallic ore separation, and relates to the situation where tailings of other metals are rich in hydrothermal barite. The method includes a process of classification - gravity separation of coarse materials - flotation of fine particles, specifically including a pulp concentration and classification system, a gravity separation system for coarse particle size (particle size > 0.074 mm), and a flotation system for fine particle size (particle size ≤ 0.074 mm). The tailings are classified, and the coarse particle size > 0.075 mm and the fine particle size ≤ 0.075 mm enter different separation processes respectively, solving the problem that the mixture of coarse and fine particles enters the flotation process, where the coarse barite is prone to sink in the tank and the recovery rate of barite is not high. The selected barite concentrate is mainly used as fine barite aggregate and barite powder in radiation-proof concrete. The process of classification first and then separation obtains two barite products with different particle sizes, expanding the application range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of non-metallic ore separation, and relates to the situation where hydrothermal barite is rich in tailings for separating other metals, and particularly relates to a method for recovering hydrothermal barite from tailings. Background Art

[0002] Barite is insoluble in water and acid, non-toxic, non-magnetic, and can absorb X-rays and γ-rays. It is mainly used in fields such as petroleum, chemical industry, coatings, fillers, etc., especially as a circulating mud weighting agent in rotary drilling of oil and gas wells.

[0003] Due to different application fields, different quality requirements for barite products. According to the genesis of the deposit, barite ore can be divided into three types: residual type, sedimentary type, and hydrothermal type. Residual type barite has high grade and is easy to separate. It is generally associated with fluorite, calcite, and quartz, and usually adopts the process of "washing - desliming - screening - jigging - shaking table" for separation; Sedimentary type barite has massive, striped or bean-like structures, and is generally associated with clay minerals, pyrite, siderite, and specularite, and usually adopts the process of "magnetic separation - flotation" for separation; Hydrothermal type barite is generally associated with chalcopyrite, galena, and sphalerite. Since metal elements such as copper, lead, and zinc have high value, barite in this type of ore is generally stored as tailings without being recovered, resulting in waste of resources. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a process and equipment for recovering hydrothermal barite from tailings. One of the purposes is to make full use of mineral resources, and the other purpose is to provide a reasonable and reliable method for recovering hydrothermal barite.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a process of "classification - gravity separation of coarse materials - flotation of fine particles", including a pulp thickening and classification system, a gravity separation system for coarse particles (particle size > 0.074mm), and a flotation system for fine particles (particle size ≤ 0.074mm). The specific steps are as follows:

[0006] Classification - gravity separation of coarse materials - flotation of fine particles, specifically referring to a pulp thickening and classification system, a gravity separation system for coarse particles, and a flotation system for fine particles. The pulp thickening and classification system includes that the tailing pulp enters an inclined plate thickener for thickening. The thickened underflow is fed into a hydrocyclone by a P1 slurry pump, and the overflow water of the thickener is recycled. One end of the overflow output of the hydrocyclone enters the conditioning and stirring tank of the flotation system for fine particles, and the other end of the underflow output of the hydrocyclone enters the N2 pulp tank of the gravity separation system for coarse particles.

[0007] Further, the flotation system for fine particles (particle size ≤ 0.074mm) includes the following steps:

[0008] Step 1: The overflow (fine pulp) of the hydrocyclone enters the pulp conditioning and agitation tank, where 1600 - 2400 g / t of sodium carbonate, 300 - 600 g / t of sodium silicate, and 100 - 200 g / t of sodium oleate are added.

[0009] Step 2: The pulp in the agitation tank flows by gravity to the roughing I flotation machine. The roughing concentrate enters the cleaning I flotation machine, where 100 - 300 g / t of sodium silicate is added. The roughing tailings enter the scavenging I flotation machine, where 100 - 200 g / t of sodium silicate and 50 - 100 g / t of sodium oleate are added. The cleaning I tailings and the scavenging I concentrate are combined and returned to the roughing process.

[0010] Step 3: The cleaning I concentrate flows by gravity to the cleaning II flotation machine, where 50 - 150 g / t of sodium silicate is added. The cleaning II concentrate flows by gravity to the cleaning III flotation machine, and the cleaning II tailings are returned to the cleaning I flotation machine.

[0011] Step 4: 25 - 75 g / t of sodium silicate is added to the cleaning III flotation machine. The cleaning III concentrate flows by gravity to the N1 pulp tank and is pumped to the thickener by the P2 slurry pump. The cleaning III tailings are returned to the cleaning II flotation machine.

[0012] Step 5: The overflow water of the thickener is returned to the agitation tank for recycling. The underflow of the thickener is pumped to the filter press by the P3 slurry pump, and fine barite products are obtained after filtration.

[0013] Step 6: The tailings of the scavenging I flotation machine flow by gravity to the scavenging II flotation machine, where 50 - 100 g / t of sodium silicate and 25 - 75 g / t of sodium oleate are added. The scavenging II concentrate is returned to the scavenging I flotation machine, and the scavenging II tailings are the final tailings and enter the fine tailings pond.

[0014] Furthermore, 2000 g / t of sodium carbonate, 450 g / t of sodium silicate, and 150 g / t of sodium oleate are added to the pulp conditioning and agitation tank; 200 g / t of sodium silicate is added to the cleaning I flotation machine, 150 g / t of sodium silicate and 75 g / t of sodium oleate are added to the scavenging I flotation machine, 50 g / t of sodium silicate is added to the cleaning III flotation machine, and 75 g / t of sodium silicate and 50 g / t of sodium oleate are added to the scavenging II flotation machine.

[0015] Furthermore, the gravity separation system for coarse particles (particle size > 0.074 mm) includes the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: The sand (coarse pulp) of the hydrocyclone enters the N2 pulp tank and is pumped to the gravity separation roughing ore splitter by the P4 slurry pump, and then flows by gravity to the spiral chute group for gravity separation roughing.

[0017] Step 2: The concentrate of the spiral chute group flows by gravity to the N3 pulp tank, and is pumped to the re-election concentration I sub-mining box by a P5 slurry pump, and then flows by gravity to the re-election concentration I spiral chute group for the first re-election concentration;

[0018] Step 3: The middlings of the re-election concentration I spiral chute group and the tailings of the re-election concentration I spiral chute group flow by gravity to the N4 pulp tank, are fed into the re-election scavenging sub-mining box by a P6 slurry pump, and then flow by gravity to the re-election scavenging spiral chute group for re-election scavenging;

[0019] Step 4: The concentrate of the re-election concentration I spiral chute group and the concentrate of the re-election scavenging spiral chute group flow by gravity to the N5 pulp tank, and are pumped to the shaking table group by a P7 slurry pump for the second re-election concentration;

[0020] Step 5: The concentrate of the shaking table group flows by gravity to the N6 pulp tank, is pumped to the filtration stirring tank by a P8 slurry pump, and then flows by gravity to the ceramic filter. After filtration, the final coarse-grained barite is obtained and stored in the coarse-grained barite product bin;

[0021] Step 6: The tailings of the re-election roughing, the middlings and tailings of the re-election scavenging, and the tailings of the second re-election concentration are the final coarse-grained tailings and enter the coarse-grained tailings pond.

[0022] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0023] 1. In the present invention, the tailings are concentrated by an inclined plate thickener in this process, which can eliminate the fluctuation of the front-end tailings concentration and ensure the classification efficiency of the hydrocyclone.

[0024] 2. In the present invention, the tailings are classified, and the coarse-grained fraction with a particle size > 0.075 mm and the fine-grained fraction with a particle size ≤ 0.075 mm enter different separation processes respectively, solving the problem that the coarse and fine grains are mixed into the flotation process, the coarse-grained barite is easy to sink in the tank, and the barite recovery rate is not high.

[0025] 3. In the present invention, the process of classifying first and then separating replaces the traditional "regrinding - flotation" process, cancels the grinding process, has a simple process flow, and reduces the production cost.

[0026] 4. In the present invention, through the design of adding the glass water, it plays the role of an inhibitor, further improving the recovery efficiency of barite.

[0027] 5. In the present invention, the process of classifying first and then separating obtains two different particle size barite products, expanding the application range. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 is the overall structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0029] Reference numerals: 1 - inclined plate thickener, 2 - P1 slurry pump, 3 - hydrocyclone, 4 - pulp mixing and stirring tank, 5 - roughing I flotation machine, 6 - cleaning I flotation machine, 7 - cleaning II flotation machine, 8 - cleaning III flotation machine, 9 - N1 pulp tank, 10 - P2 slurry pump, 11 - thickener, 12 - P3 slurry pump, 13 - filter press, 14 - fine-grained barite bin, 15 - scavenging I flotation machine, 16 - scavenging II flotation machine, 17 - fine-grained tailing pond, 18 - N2 pulp tank, 19 - P4 slurry pump, 20 - gravity separation roughing ore separation box, 21 - spiral chute group, 22 - N3 pulp tank, 23 - P5 slurry pump, 24 - gravity separation cleaning I ore separation box, 25 - gravity separation cleaning I spiral chute group, 26 - N4 pulp tank, 27 - P6 slurry pump, 28 - gravity separation scavenging ore separation box, 29 - gravity separation scavenging spiral chute group, 30 - N5 pulp tank, 31 - P7 slurry pump, 32 - shaking table group, 33 - N6 pulp tank, 34 - P8 slurry pump, 35 - filtration stirring tank, 36 - ceramic filter press, 37 - coarse-grained barite product bin, 38 - coarse-grained tailing pond. Detailed implementation mode

[0030] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0031] Embodiment 1

[0032] As Figure 1 shown, a method for recovering hydrothermal barite from tailings includes the following steps: classification - gravity separation of coarse materials - flotation of fine particles, specifically a pulp concentration and classification system, a gravity separation system for coarse particle size, and a flotation system for fine particle size. The pulp concentration and classification system includes that the tailing pulp enters the inclined plate thickener 1 for concentration, the concentrated underflow is fed into the hydrocyclone 3 by the P1 slurry pump 2, and the concentrated overflow water is recycled. One end of the overflow output of the hydrocyclone 3 enters the pulp mixing and stirring tank 4 of the fine particle size flotation system, and the other end of the sand deposit output of the hydrocyclone 3 enters the N2 pulp tank 18 of the gravity separation system for coarse particle size.

[0033] The flotation system for fine particle size (particle size ≤ 0.074mm) includes the following steps:

[0034] Step 1: The overflow 3 (fine particle pulp) of the hydrocyclone enters the pulp mixing and stirring tank 4, and 1600 g / t of sodium carbonate, 300 g / t of water glass, and 100 g / t of sodium oleate are added to the pulp mixing and stirring tank 4;

[0035] Step 2: The pulp in the pulp mixing and stirring tank 4 flows by gravity to the roughing I flotation machine 5. The roughing concentrate enters the cleaning I flotation machine 6, and 100 g / t of water glass is added to the cleaning I flotation machine 6. The roughing tailings enter the scavenging I flotation machine 15, and 100 g / t of water glass and 50 g / t of sodium oleate are added to the scavenging I flotation machine 15. The cleaning I tailings and the scavenging I concentrate are combined and returned to the roughing process;

[0036] Step 3: The cleaning I concentrate flows by gravity to the cleaning II flotation machine 7, and 50 g / t of water glass is added to the cleaning II flotation machine 7. The cleaning II concentrate flows by gravity to the cleaning III flotation machine 8, and the cleaning II tailings are returned to the cleaning I flotation machine 6;

[0037] Step 4: 25 g / t of water glass is added to the cleaning III flotation machine 8. The cleaning III concentrate flows by gravity to the N1 pulp tank 9 and is transported to the thickener 11 by the P2 slurry pump 10. The cleaning III tailings are returned to the cleaning II flotation machine 7;

[0038] Step 5: The overflow water of the thickener 11 is returned to the pulp mixing and stirring tank 4 for recycling. The underflow of the thickener 11 is transported to the filter press 13 by the P3 slurry pump 12. After filtration, fine-grained barite products are obtained and enter the fine-grained barite bin 14;

[0039] Step 6: The tailings of the scavenging I flotation machine 15 flow by gravity to the scavenging II flotation machine 16, and 50 g / t of water glass and 25 g / t of sodium oleate are added to the scavenging II flotation machine 16. The scavenging II concentrate is returned to the scavenging I flotation machine 15, and the scavenging II tailings are the final tailings and enter the fine-grained tailings pond 17.

[0040] The heavy separation system for coarse particles (particle size > 0.074 mm) includes the following steps:

[0041] Step 1: The sand (coarse pulp) of the hydrocyclone 3 enters the N2 pulp tank 18 and is transported to the heavy separation roughing ore separation box 20 by the P4 slurry pump 19, and then flows by gravity to the spiral chute group 21 for heavy separation roughing;

[0042] Step 2: The concentrate of the spiral chute group 21 flows by gravity to the N3 pulp tank 22 and is transported to the heavy separation cleaning I ore separation box 24 by the P5 slurry pump 23, and then flows by gravity to the heavy separation cleaning I spiral chute group 25 for the first heavy separation cleaning;

[0043] Step 3: The middlings of the heavy separation cleaning I spiral chute group 25 and the tailings of the heavy separation cleaning I spiral chute group 25 flow by gravity to the N4 pulp tank 26, are fed into the heavy separation scavenging ore separation box 28 by the P6 slurry pump 27, and then flow by gravity to the heavy separation scavenging spiral chute group 29 for heavy separation scavenging;

[0044] Step 4: The concentrates of the spiral chute group 25 of the first roughing and cleaning and the concentrates of the scavenging spiral chute group 29 flow by gravity to the N5 pulp tank 30 and are sent to the shaking table group 32 by the P7 slurry pump 31 for the second roughing and cleaning;

[0045] Step 5: The concentrates of the shaking table group 32 flow by gravity to the N6 pulp tank 33, are sent to the filtration stirring tank 35 by the P8 slurry pump 34, then flow by gravity to the ceramic filter 36, and the final coarse barite is obtained after filtration and stored in the coarse barite product bin 37;

[0046] Step 6: The tailings of the first roughing, the middlings and tailings of the scavenging, and the tailings of the second roughing and cleaning are the final coarse tailings and enter the coarse tailings pond 38.

[0047] The finally obtained fine barite aggregate contains 90.85% BaSO4, and the BaSO4 recovery rate of the barite powder is 87.63%.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] The same description as in Example 1 will not be elaborated here. Among them, 2000 g / t of sodium carbonate, 450 g / t of water glass, and 150 g / t of sodium oleate are added to the pulp mixing and stirring tank; 200 g / t of water glass is added to the first cleaning flotation machine, 150 g / t of water glass and 75 g / t of sodium oleate are added to the first scavenging flotation machine, 50 g / t of water glass is added to the third cleaning flotation machine, and 75 g / t of water glass and 50 g / t of sodium oleate are added to the second scavenging flotation machine.

[0050] The finally obtained fine barite aggregate contains 96.13% BaSO4, and the BaSO4 recovery rate of the barite powder is 89.45%.

[0051] Example 3

[0052] The same description as in Example 1 will not be elaborated here. Among them, 2400 g / t of sodium carbonate, 600 g / t of water glass, and 200 g / t of sodium oleate are added to the pulp mixing and stirring tank; 300 g / t of water glass is added to the first cleaning flotation machine, 200 g / t of water glass and 100 g / t of sodium oleate are added to the first scavenging flotation machine, 75 g / t of water glass is added to the third cleaning flotation machine, and 100 g / t of water glass and 75 g / t of sodium oleate are added to the second scavenging flotation machine.

[0053] The finally obtained fine barite aggregate contains 91.25% BaSO4, and the BaSO4 recovery rate of the barite powder is 85.37%.

[0054] The above are the embodiments of the present invention. The above embodiments and the specific parameters in the embodiments are only for clearly expressing the verification process of the invention, and are not used to limit the patent protection scope of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention still takes its claims as the criterion. Any equivalent structural changes made by using the content of the specification and drawings of the present invention should also be included in the protection scope of the present invention by the same token.

Claims

1. A method for recovering hydrothermal barite from tailings, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: Classification - rough material re - selection - fine particle flotation, specifically including a pulp thickening and classification system, a coarse particle re - selection system, and a fine particle flotation system. The pulp thickening and classification system includes that the tailing pulp enters the inclined - plate thickener (1) for thickening. The thickened underflow is fed into the hydrocyclone (3) by the P1 slurry pump (2). The overflow water from the thickening is recycled. One end of the overflow output of the hydrocyclone (3) enters the conditioning and stirring tank (4) of the fine particle flotation system, and the other end of the sand sediment output of the hydrocyclone (3) enters the N2 pulp tank (18) of the coarse particle re - selection system; The fine particle flotation system is for particles with a size ≤ 0.074mm, and specifically includes the following steps: Step 1: The overflow of the hydrocyclone (3) enters the conditioning and stirring tank (4), and 1600 - 2400g / t of sodium carbonate, 300 - 600g / t of water glass, and 100 - 200g / t of sodium oleate are added to the conditioning and stirring tank (4); Step 2: The pulp in the conditioning and stirring tank (4) flows by gravity to the rougher I flotation machine (5). The rougher concentrate enters the cleaner I flotation machine (6). 100 - 300g / t of water glass is added to the cleaner I flotation machine (6). The rougher tailings enter the scavenger I flotation machine (15). 100 - 200g / t of water glass and 50 - 100g / t of sodium oleate are added to the scavenger I flotation machine (15). The cleaner I tailings and the scavenger I concentrate are combined and returned to the rougher process; Step 3: The cleaner I concentrate flows by gravity to the cleaner II flotation machine (7). 50 - 150g / t of water glass is added to the cleaner II flotation machine (7). The cleaner II concentrate flows by gravity to the cleaner III flotation machine (8). The cleaner II tailings are returned to the cleaner I flotation machine (6); Step 4: 25 - 75g / t of water glass is added to the cleaner III flotation machine (8). The cleaner III concentrate flows by gravity to the N1 pulp tank (9) and is transported to the thickener (11) by the P2 slurry pump (10). The cleaner III tailings are returned to the cleaner II flotation machine (7); Step 5: The overflow water of the thickener (11) is returned to the conditioning and stirring tank (4) for recycling. The underflow of the thickener (11) is transported to the filter press (13) by the P3 slurry pump (12). After filtration, fine - grained barite products are obtained and enter the fine - grained barite bin (14); Step 6: The tailings of the scavenger I flotation machine (15) flow by gravity to the scavenger II flotation machine (16). 50 - 100g / t of water glass and 25 - 75g / t of sodium oleate are added to the scavenger II flotation machine (16). The scavenger II concentrate is returned to the scavenger I flotation machine (15). The scavenger II tailings are the final tailings and enter the fine - particle tailing pond (17); The coarse particle re - selection system is for particles with a size > 0.074mm, and specifically includes the following steps: Step 1: The sand sediment of the hydrocyclone (3) enters the N2 pulp tank (18) and is sent to the re - selection rougher ore - separating box (20) by the P4 slurry pump (19), and then flows by gravity to the spiral chute group (21) for re - selection rougher; Step 2: The concentrate of the spiral chute group (21) flows by gravity to the N3 pulp tank (22), and is sent to the first-stage gravity concentration separation box (24) by the P5 slurry pump (23), and then flows by gravity to the first-stage gravity concentration spiral chute group (25) for the first-stage gravity concentration; Step 3: The middlings of the first-stage gravity concentration spiral chute group (25) and the tailings of the first-stage gravity concentration spiral chute group (25) flow by gravity to the N4 pulp tank (26), are fed into the gravity scavenging separation box (28) by the P6 slurry pump (27), and then flow by gravity to the gravity scavenging spiral chute group (29) for gravity scavenging; Step 4: The concentrate of the first-stage gravity concentration spiral chute group (25) and the concentrate of the gravity scavenging spiral chute group (29) flow by gravity to the N5 pulp tank (30), and are sent to the shaking table group by the P7 slurry pump (31) for the second-stage gravity concentration; Step 5: The concentrate of the shaking table group (32) flows by gravity to the N6 pulp tank (33), is sent to the filtration and stirring tank (35) by the P8 slurry pump (34), and then flows by gravity to the ceramic filter (36). After filtration, the final coarse-grained barite is obtained and stored in the coarse-grained barite product bin (37); Step 6: The tailings of the first-stage gravity concentration, the middlings and tailings of the gravity scavenging, and the tailings of the second-stage gravity concentration are the final coarse-grained tailings and enter the coarse-grained tailings pond (38).

2. The method for recovering hydrothermal barite from tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that: 2000 g / t of sodium carbonate, 450 g / t of water glass, and 150 g / t of sodium oleate are added to the pulp mixing and stirring tank (4); 200 g / t of water glass is added to the first-stage cleaning flotation machine (6), 150 g / t of water glass and 75 g / t of sodium oleate are added to the first-stage scavenging flotation machine (15), 50 g / t of water glass is added to the third-stage cleaning flotation machine (8), and 75 g / t of water glass and 50 g / t of sodium oleate are added to the second-stage scavenging flotation machine (16).

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