Compressor structure and compressor with good lubrication effect

Abstract

The present invention provides a compressor structure and a compressor with good lubrication effect. The compressor structure includes a sealing structure, a first bearing cavity is formed between the motor cavity and the compression cavity, the first bearing cavity is connected to an external lubrication circulation mechanism, and a first communication gap is formed between the first bearing cavity and the motor cavity, and the sealing structure is arranged in the first communication gap. The compressor structure and the compressor with good lubrication effect provided by the present invention seal the bearing cavity by using the sealing structure and the pressure of the compression cavity, thereby increasing the pressure in the bearing cavity, and further increasing the boiling point of the refrigerant used for lubrication in the bearing cavity, effectively avoiding the vaporization of the refrigerant and destroying the lubricating liquid film, ensuring the liquid lubrication of the bearing, and at the same time, the sealing structure can prevent the refrigerant in the bearing cavity from leaking into the motor cavity, further ensuring the pressure in the bearing cavity, thereby ensuring the lubrication effect of the bearing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of compression equipment, in particular to a compressor structure and a compressor with good lubrication effect. Background Art

[0002] The rotor system of a centrifugal compressor usually consists of a rotating shaft, an impeller and its fasteners, and a bearing. The rotor is connected to the motor, driving the impeller to rotate at high speed to generate centrifugal force to work on the refrigerant and achieve the function of compressing the refrigerant. The rotating shaft needs to be supported by reliable bearings. The existing compression mechanism uses refrigerant to lubricate the bearings, which greatly simplifies the structural complexity of the compressor. However, the boiling point of the refrigerant is low, and it is easy to vaporize during the lubrication process, resulting in poor bearing lubrication effect. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the technical problem that the refrigerant in the existing compressor has a low boiling point and poor lubrication effect, a compressor structure and a compressor with good lubrication effect are provided, which utilize a sealing mechanism to increase the pressure in the bearing cavity to increase the boiling point of the refrigerant to avoid refrigerant vaporization.

[0004] A compressor structure comprises a shell, a compression chamber and a motor chamber are formed in the shell, the compressor structure also comprises a sealing structure, a first bearing chamber is formed between the motor chamber and the compression chamber, the first bearing chamber is connected to an external lubrication circulation mechanism, and a first connecting gap is formed between the first bearing chamber and the motor chamber, and the sealing structure is arranged in the first connecting gap.

[0005] A labyrinth sealing mechanism is arranged in the first communication gap, and the labyrinth sealing mechanism constitutes the sealing structure.

[0006] A bearing is arranged in the first bearing cavity, and a liquid seal cavity is arranged at one end of the labyrinth seal mechanism away from the bearing. The external lubrication circulation mechanism is communicated with the liquid seal cavity. The liquid seal cavity and the labyrinth seal mechanism together constitute the sealing structure.

[0007] The labyrinth sealing mechanism comprises a first labyrinth sealing mechanism and a second labyrinth sealing mechanism arranged in parallel, and a spiral sealing mechanism is arranged between the first labyrinth sealing mechanism and the second labyrinth sealing mechanism. The first labyrinth sealing mechanism, the second labyrinth sealing mechanism and the spiral sealing mechanism together constitute the sealing structure.

[0008] A second communication gap is formed between the first bearing cavity and the compression cavity, and the sealing structure is arranged in the second communication gap.

[0009] The compressor structure comprises two rolling bearings, and the two rolling bearings are both arranged in the first bearing cavity.

[0010] The shell is provided with an exhaust port and an air intake port, the exhaust port is connected to the condenser, the air intake port is connected to the evaporator, the lubrication outlet of the condenser and the lubrication inlet of the evaporator are both connected to the first bearing cavity, and the condenser and the evaporator constitute the external lubrication circulation mechanism.

[0011] A first balancing pipeline is arranged between the evaporator and the first bearing chamber, and a first pressure regulating mechanism is arranged on the first balancing pipeline.

[0012] A second bearing cavity is formed on the side of the motor cavity away from the compression cavity. The second bearing cavity is connected to the external lubrication circulation mechanism, and a third connecting gap is formed between the second bearing cavity and the motor cavity. The sealing structure is arranged in the third connecting gap.

[0013] A fourth communication gap is formed between the second bearing cavity and the interior of the housing, and the sealing structure is disposed on the fourth communication gap.

[0014] The shell is provided with an exhaust port and an air intake port, the exhaust port is connected to the condenser, the air intake port is connected to the evaporator, and the lubrication outlet of the condenser and the lubrication inlet of the evaporator are both connected to the second bearing cavity, and the condenser and the evaporator constitute the external lubrication circulation mechanism.

[0015] A second balancing pipeline is arranged between the evaporator and the second bearing chamber, and a second pressure regulating mechanism is arranged on the second balancing pipeline.

[0016] A third balancing pipeline is arranged between the first bearing cavity and the motor cavity, and a third pressure regulating mechanism is arranged on the third balancing pipeline; or a fourth balancing pipeline is arranged between the second bearing cavity and the motor cavity, and a fourth pressure regulating mechanism is arranged on the fourth balancing pipeline; or a third balancing pipeline is arranged between the first bearing cavity and the motor cavity, and a third pressure regulating mechanism is arranged on the third balancing pipeline, and a fourth balancing pipeline is arranged between the second bearing cavity and the motor cavity, and a fourth pressure regulating mechanism is arranged on the fourth balancing pipeline.

[0017] The compressor structure also includes a rotating shaft and an impeller. The rotating shaft sequentially passes through the motor cavity, the first bearing cavity and the compression cavity. The impeller is arranged on the rotating shaft and is located in the compression cavity.

[0018] There are multiple impellers, and all the impellers are arranged in parallel along the length direction of the rotating shaft.

[0019] A compressor comprises the above compressor structure.

[0020] The compressor structure and compressor with good lubrication effect provided by the present invention seal the bearing cavity by utilizing a sealing structure and the pressure of the compression cavity, thereby increasing the pressure in the bearing cavity, and further increasing the boiling point of the refrigerant used for lubrication in the bearing cavity, effectively preventing the refrigerant from vaporizing and destroying the lubricating liquid film, thereby ensuring liquid lubrication of the bearing. At the same time, the sealing structure can prevent the refrigerant in the bearing cavity from leaking into the motor cavity, further ensuring the pressure in the bearing cavity, thereby ensuring the lubrication effect of the bearing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the compressor with good lubrication effect provided by the present invention and the compressor structure of the embodiment of the compressor is not shown;

[0022] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a compressor structure with good lubrication effect and a sealing structure of an embodiment of the compressor provided by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a compressor structure with good lubrication effect and a first bearing cavity and a sealing structure of an embodiment of the compressor provided by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a compressor having a good lubrication effect and a second bearing cavity and a sealing structure of an embodiment of the compressor provided by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a compressor having a good lubrication effect and a first balancing pipeline of an embodiment of the compressor provided by the present invention;

[0026] In the figure:

[0027] 1. Compression chamber; 2. Motor chamber; 3. Rotating shaft; 4. First connecting gap; 5. Labyrinth sealing mechanism; 6. First bearing chamber; 7. Liquid seal chamber; 8. Spiral sealing mechanism; 9. Second connecting gap; 10. First balancing pipeline; 11. Condenser; 12. Evaporator; 13. Second bearing chamber; 14. Third connecting gap; 15. Fourth connecting gap; 16. Impeller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0029] like Figures 1 to 5The compressor structure shown includes a shell, in which a compression chamber 1 and a motor chamber 2 are formed. In order to ensure that the rotating shaft 3 in the compressor structure can rotate normally, a certain gap needs to be set between the shell and the rotating shaft 3, such as the first connecting gap 4 between the bearing chamber and the motor chamber 2. Moreover, because the compression chamber 1 is a high-pressure chamber and the motor chamber 2 is a low-pressure chamber, there is a pressure difference between the lubricant (refrigerant) entering the bearing chamber by the external lubrication circulation mechanism and the low pressure in the motor chamber 2. The lubricant will leak into the motor chamber 2 due to the pressure, causing the pressure in the bearing chamber to decrease. Because the lubricant is a refrigerant, when the pressure decreases, the boiling point of the refrigerant will also decrease, so that when the liquid refrigerant lubricates the bearing, the lubricating liquid film will be destroyed due to the problem of vaporization. , resulting in poor bearing lubrication effect. Therefore, the compressor structure of the present application also includes a sealing structure. A first bearing cavity 6 is formed between the motor cavity 2 and the compression cavity 1. The first bearing cavity 6 is connected to an external lubrication circulation mechanism, and a first connecting gap 4 is formed between the first bearing cavity 6 and the motor cavity 2. The sealing structure is arranged in the first connecting gap 4. The first connecting gap 4 is sealed by the sealing structure to prevent the refrigerant in the first bearing cavity 6 from leaking into the motor cavity 2. At the same time, because the compressor is in a high-pressure environment, the refrigerant in the first bearing cavity 6 will not or basically cannot leak into the compression cavity 1, thereby ensuring the reliability of the pressure in the first bearing cavity 6, and then ensuring the lubrication effect of the liquid refrigerant on the bearing.

[0030] A labyrinth sealing mechanism 5 is arranged in the first connecting gap 4, and the labyrinth sealing mechanism 5 constitutes the sealing structure. The labyrinth sealing structure refers to a plurality of annular sealing teeth arranged in sequence on the shell around the rotating shaft 3, and a series of intercepting gaps and expansion cavities are formed between the teeth. When the refrigerant passes through the gaps of the tortuous labyrinth, a throttling effect is generated to achieve the purpose of preventing leakage.

[0031] A bearing is arranged in the first bearing cavity 6, and a liquid seal cavity 7 is arranged at one end of the labyrinth sealing mechanism 5 away from the bearing. The external lubrication circulation mechanism is connected with the liquid seal cavity 7. The liquid seal cavity 7 and the labyrinth sealing mechanism 5 together constitute the sealing structure. The external lubrication circulation mechanism delivers liquid refrigerant into the liquid seal cavity 7, thereby forming a certain wind effect in the liquid seal cavity 7, and utilizing the liquid seal effect to further increase the sealing effect of the sealing structure.

[0032] The labyrinth sealing mechanism 5 includes a first labyrinth sealing mechanism and a second labyrinth sealing mechanism arranged in parallel, and a spiral sealing mechanism 8 is arranged between the first labyrinth sealing mechanism and the second labyrinth sealing mechanism. The first labyrinth sealing mechanism, the second labyrinth sealing mechanism and the spiral sealing mechanism 8 together constitute the sealing structure, and the spiral sealing mechanism 8 is used to further increase the sealing effect of the sealing structure.

[0033] A second connecting gap 9 is formed between the first bearing chamber 6 and the compression chamber 1. The sealing structure is arranged in the second connecting gap 9 to further increase the sealing effect of the first bearing chamber 6. It can also prevent the pressure in the first bearing chamber 6 from being greater than the pressure in the compression chamber 1, causing the refrigerant in the first bearing chamber 6 to leak into the compression chamber 1. At the same time, it can prevent the pressure in the first bearing chamber 6 from being too low, causing the refrigerant in the compression chamber 1 to leak into the first bearing chamber 6.

[0034] The compressor structure includes two rolling bearings, and the two rolling bearings are both arranged in the first bearing cavity 6.

[0035] The shell is provided with an exhaust port and an air intake port, the exhaust port is connected to the condenser 11, and the air intake port is connected to the evaporator 12. The lubrication outlet of the condenser 11 and the lubrication inlet of the evaporator 12 are both connected to the first bearing cavity 6, and the condenser 11 and the evaporator 12 constitute the external lubrication circulation mechanism. The refrigerant discharged from the exhaust port of the compression chamber 1 enters the condenser 11 to form a high-pressure liquid refrigerant. The high-pressure liquid refrigerant enters the first bearing cavity 6 from the lubrication outlet of the condenser 11 to lubricate the bearings in the first bearing cavity 6, and enters the evaporator 12 from the lubrication inlet after lubrication to complete the refrigerant lubrication cycle.

[0036] A first balancing pipeline 10 is arranged between the evaporator 12 and the first bearing cavity 6. A first pressure regulating mechanism is arranged on the first balancing pipeline 10. The first balancing pipeline 10 is used to regulate the pressure in the first bearing cavity 6 to avoid excessive pressure in the first bearing cavity 6 caused by vaporization of the refrigerant.

[0037] When the bearings of the compressor structure are respectively arranged on both sides of the motor cavity 2, a second bearing cavity 13 is formed on the side of the motor cavity 2 away from the compression cavity 1, the second bearing cavity 13 is connected to the external lubrication circulation mechanism, and a third connecting gap 14 is formed between the second bearing cavity 13 and the motor cavity 2, the sealing structure is arranged in the third connecting gap 14, and the sealing structure is used to seal the third connecting gap 14 to prevent refrigerant from leaking into the motor cavity 2.

[0038] When the rotating shaft 3 passes through the second bearing cavity 13, there will be gaps at the part of the second bearing cavity 13 close to the motor cavity 2 and the part away from the motor cavity 2, that is, a fourth connecting gap 15 is formed between the second bearing cavity 13 and the interior of the shell, and the sealing structure is provided on the fourth connecting gap 15, so as to ensure the reliable sealing of the second bearing cavity 13.

[0039] The shell is provided with an exhaust port and an air intake port, the exhaust port is connected to the condenser 11, the air intake port is connected to the evaporator 12, and the lubrication outlet of the condenser 11 and the lubrication inlet of the evaporator 12 are both connected to the second bearing cavity 13, and the condenser 11 and the evaporator 12 constitute the external lubrication circulation mechanism, the refrigerant discharged from the exhaust port of the compression chamber 1 enters the condenser 11 to form a high-pressure liquid refrigerant, and the high-pressure liquid refrigerant enters the second bearing cavity 13 from the lubrication outlet of the condenser 11 to lubricate the bearings in the second bearing cavity 13, and after the lubrication is completed, enters the evaporator 12 from the lubrication inlet to complete the refrigerant lubrication cycle.

[0040] A second balancing pipeline is arranged between the evaporator 12 and the second bearing cavity 13 , and a second pressure regulating mechanism is arranged on the second balancing pipeline. The second balancing pipeline is used to regulate the pressure in the second bearing cavity 13 to avoid the problem of excessive pressure in the second bearing cavity 13 caused by vaporization of the refrigerant.

[0041] A third balancing pipeline is arranged between the first bearing cavity 6 and the motor cavity 2, and a third pressure regulating mechanism is arranged on the third balancing pipeline; or a fourth balancing pipeline is arranged between the second bearing cavity 13 and the motor cavity 2, and a fourth pressure regulating mechanism is arranged on the fourth balancing pipeline; or a third balancing pipeline is arranged between the first bearing cavity 6 and the motor cavity 2, and a third pressure regulating mechanism is arranged on the third balancing pipeline, and a fourth balancing pipeline is arranged between the second bearing cavity 13 and the motor cavity 2, and a fourth pressure regulating mechanism is arranged on the fourth balancing pipeline. As needed, the pressure in the first bearing cavity 6 and / or the second bearing cavity 13 can be led to the motor cavity 2, so as to avoid the problem of excessive pressure in the first bearing cavity 6 or the second bearing cavity 13.

[0042] The compressor structure also includes a rotating shaft 3 and an impeller 16. The rotating shaft 3 sequentially passes through the motor cavity 2, the first bearing cavity 6 and the compression cavity 1. The impeller 16 is arranged on the rotating shaft 3, and the impeller 16 is located in the compression cavity 1. The rotation of the rotating shaft 3 drives the impeller 16 to rotate, thereby compressing the refrigerant entering the compression cavity 1 to achieve the purpose of compression.

[0043] There are multiple impellers 16, and all the impellers 16 are arranged in parallel along the length direction of the rotating shaft 3, that is, the compressor structure forms a multi-stage compression structure.

[0044] A compressor comprises the above compressor structure.

[0045] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the patent of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A compressor structure, comprising a housing, wherein a compression chamber (1) and a motor chamber (2) are formed in the housing, characterized in that: The compressor structure further comprises a sealing structure, wherein a first bearing cavity (6) is formed between the motor cavity (2) and the compression cavity (1), the first bearing cavity (6) is communicated with an external lubrication circulation mechanism, and a first communication gap (4) is formed between the first bearing cavity (6) and the motor cavity (2), and the sealing structure is arranged in the first communication gap (4); a labyrinth sealing mechanism (5) is arranged in the first communication gap (4), and the labyrinth sealing mechanism (5) constitutes the sealing structure; a bearing is arranged in the first bearing cavity (6), and a liquid seal cavity (7) is arranged at one end of the labyrinth sealing mechanism (5) away from the bearing, the external lubrication circulation mechanism is communicated with the liquid seal cavity (7), and the liquid seal cavity (7) and the labyrinth sealing mechanism (5) together constitute the sealing structure.

2. The compressor structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The labyrinth sealing mechanism (5) comprises a first labyrinth sealing mechanism and a second labyrinth sealing mechanism arranged in parallel, and a spiral sealing mechanism (8) is arranged between the first labyrinth sealing mechanism and the second labyrinth sealing mechanism, and the first labyrinth sealing mechanism, the second labyrinth sealing mechanism and the spiral sealing mechanism (8) together constitute the sealing structure.

3. The compressor structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second connecting gap (9) is formed between the first bearing cavity (6) and the compression cavity (1), and the sealing structure is arranged in the second connecting gap (9).

4. The compressor structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compressor structure comprises two rolling bearings, and the two rolling bearings are both arranged in the first bearing cavity (6).

5. The compressor structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: An exhaust port and an air intake port are provided on the shell, the exhaust port is communicated with the condenser (11), the air intake port is communicated with the evaporator (12), the lubrication outlet of the condenser (11) and the lubrication inlet of the evaporator (12) are both communicated with the first bearing cavity (6), and the condenser (11) and the evaporator (12) constitute the external lubrication circulation mechanism.

6. The compressor structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: A first balancing pipeline (10) is provided between the evaporator (12) and the first bearing chamber (6), and a first pressure regulating mechanism is provided on the first balancing pipeline (10).

7. The compressor structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second bearing cavity (13) is formed on a side of the motor cavity (2) away from the compression cavity (1); the second bearing cavity (13) is connected to the external lubrication circulation mechanism; and a third communication gap (14) is formed between the second bearing cavity (13) and the motor cavity (2); the sealing structure is arranged in the third communication gap (14).

8. The compressor structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: A fourth communication gap (15) is formed between the second bearing cavity (13) and the interior of the housing, and the sealing structure is provided on the fourth communication gap (15).

9. The compressor structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: An exhaust port and an air intake port are provided on the shell, the exhaust port is communicated with the condenser (11), the air intake port is communicated with the evaporator (12), and the lubrication outlet of the condenser (11) and the lubrication inlet of the evaporator (12) are both communicated with the second bearing cavity (13), and the condenser (11) and the evaporator (12) constitute the external lubrication circulation mechanism.

10. The compressor structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: A second balancing pipeline is provided between the evaporator (12) and the second bearing chamber (13), and a second pressure regulating mechanism is provided on the second balancing pipeline.

11. The compressor structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: A third balancing pipeline is provided between the first bearing cavity (6) and the motor cavity (2), and a third pressure regulating mechanism is provided on the third balancing pipeline; or a fourth balancing pipeline is provided between the second bearing cavity (13) and the motor cavity (2), and a fourth pressure regulating mechanism is provided on the fourth balancing pipeline; or a third balancing pipeline is provided between the first bearing cavity (6) and the motor cavity (2), and a third pressure regulating mechanism is provided on the third balancing pipeline, and a fourth balancing pipeline is provided between the second bearing cavity (13) and the motor cavity (2), and a fourth pressure regulating mechanism is provided on the fourth balancing pipeline.

12. The compressor structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compressor structure further comprises a rotating shaft (3) and an impeller (16); the rotating shaft (3) sequentially passes through the motor cavity (2), the first bearing cavity (6) and the compression cavity (1); the impeller (16) is arranged on the rotating shaft (3), and the impeller (16) is located in the compression cavity (1).

13. The compressor structure according to claim 12, characterized in that: There are a plurality of impellers (16), and all of the impellers (16) are arranged in parallel along the length direction of the rotating shaft (3).

14. A compressor, characterized in that: A compressor structure comprising any one of claims 1 to 13.

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