A welding deformation control device for railway freight car corner column

Abstract

The present invention discloses a welding deformation control device for a railway freight car corner column. It comprises a workbench, a middle flip positioning mechanism is arranged in the middle of the workbench, and a group of end flip positioning mechanisms and a group of oil cylinder clamping mechanisms are respectively arranged at both ends of the workbench; the middle flip positioning mechanism and the two groups of end flip positioning mechanisms have the same flip positioning components, and each flip positioning component is connected by a flip horizontal base plate arranged along the length direction of the workbench; the flip positioning components are arranged on the flip horizontal base plate through a deflection insert, and a plurality of groups of spring-type transport rollers are arranged at intervals on the flip horizontal base plate. The device of the present invention can pre-fabricate the deflection and anti-deformation of the welding component in advance, and offset the deformation stress of the component itself during the welding process; the provision of the flip device, the deflection insert and the spring-type conveying roller can reduce the labor intensity in the conveying and automatically pre-fabricate the deflection and anti-deformation, and each system fusion group is combined into an integrated structure on the workbench, thereby improving the work efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical equipment design, in particular to the technical field of railway vehicle component processing equipment design, and relates to a welding deformation control device for a railway freight car corner column component. Background Art

[0002] The corner column assembly is one of the important parts in railway freight car models, including the corner column of the rectangular cross-section square steel structure and the corner column plate welded along one side of the square steel. During the preparation and assembly welding process, the corner column assembly will produce 6-10mm welding lateral bending deformation in both the front and side directions along the length direction, and the lateral bending deformation of the corner column needs to be straightened on a special straightening device. Affected by the straightening machine equipment, the deformation in two directions cannot be straightened at the same time; the processing process is cumbersome, the number of pounding and transportation is large, the labor intensity is high, the labor time consumption is high, and the product quality is unstable. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention discloses a device for controlling welding deformation of a railway freight car corner column assembly in view of the deficiencies of the prior art. The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a semi-flipping device for automatic welding without adjustment of a corner column assembly, so as to realize the integration of assembly and welding, so that the processed corner column assembly has no welding lateral bending deformation, and the adjustment process is eliminated, thereby improving production efficiency.

[0004] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] The welding deformation control device for the corner column of a railway freight car comprises a steel structure and a workbench arranged along the length direction of the corner column, and is characterized in that: a middle turning positioning mechanism is arranged in the middle of the workbench, and a group of end turning positioning mechanisms and a group of oil cylinder pressing mechanisms are respectively arranged at both ends of the workbench; the middle turning positioning mechanism and the two groups of end turning positioning mechanisms have the same turning positioning components, and each turning positioning component is connected by a turning horizontal base plate arranged along the length direction of the workbench;

[0006] The end flipping and positioning mechanism is an active flipping mechanism, which is driven by the flipping cylinder to rotate the flipping horizontal substrate; the middle flipping and positioning mechanism is a passive flipping mechanism, which is driven by the flipping horizontal substrate to rotate;

[0007] The cylinder clamping mechanism includes a clamping cylinder suspended on the semi-gantry suspension beam at the rear of the workbench, which is used to extend the clamping head under the drive of the clamping cylinder to fix the corner columns into a welding combination;

[0008] Each flip positioning component is arranged on the flip horizontal base plate through a deflection insert, and the flip positioning component includes: a positioning module having a corner column positioning groove and a corner column plate positioning groove and a clamping fixture for clamping the corner column component welding combination; wherein the deflection insert is fixed on the flip horizontal base plate, the positioning module is fixed on one side of the deflection insert, and the clamping fixture is fixed on the upper end surface of the positioning module;

[0009] A plurality of groups of spring-type transport rollers are arranged at intervals on the flip horizontal base plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the corner column positioning groove of the positioning module is a side limit groove, which is used for the close positioning of the corner column assembly; the corner column plate positioning groove of the positioning module is a groove of a certain depth set according to the welding positioning of the corner column plate, the groove width is greater than the corner column plate thickness, and the bottom surface of the groove and the upper surface of the corner column after close positioning are located on the same plane.

[0011] Furthermore, the clamping clamp is a four-link lever structure at the dead point of motion, consisting of a clamp pressure head, a clamp pressure arm, a clamp lower link, a handle and a clamp upper link; the clamp pressure head is fixed on the clamp pressure arm, and the clamp pressure arm has two rotation centers, one rotation center is hinged to the positioning module, and the other rotation center is hinged to the clamp upper link, the other end of the clamp upper link is hinged to the clamp lower link and connected to the handle drive, and the other end of the clamp lower link is hinged to the positioning module.

[0012] Each set of spring-type transport rollers described in the present invention is composed of a tension spring, a sliding spring seat, and a roller. An inclined slide groove is arranged in the sliding spring seat, and both ends of the roller can slide along the slide groove; when the tension spring is in a free state, the height of the roller is consistent with the highest point of the deflection insert, which is used for transportation during the loading process; after being pressed, the roller slides to the bottom along the slide groove, and forms an overall deflection with the deflection insert to realize the anti-deformation pressing of the corner column.

[0013] The flip positioning component of the middle flip positioning mechanism is connected and fixed by a flip horizontal base plate and a flip support arm support; the flip support arm is hinged to a fixed support arranged on the work table; and a front end surface of the fixed support is provided with an arc surface for the flip positioning component to rotate.

[0014] The flip positioning component of the end flip positioning mechanism is connected and fixed by a flip horizontal base plate and a flip support arm, the flip support arm is hinged to a flip support arranged on the work table, and at the same time, the flip support arm is also driven and connected to the flip drive arm, and the other end of the flip drive arm is driven and connected to a flip cylinder arranged under the work table.

[0015] Two groups of flip support arms are arranged under the end flip horizontal base plate of each group of end flip positioning mechanism and are hinged to the flip support arranged on the work table. A rotating connecting rod is driven and connected between the rotation centers of the two groups of flip support arms, and the middle part of the rotating connecting rod is rotationally driven and connected to the flip driving arm.

[0016] At least two groups of the spring-type transport rollers are arranged on the flip horizontal base plate and are located on both sides of the middle flip positioning mechanism.

[0017] A discharging roller for moving the corner column assembly is arranged at the front end of the workbench.

[0018] The deflection insert and the spring-type transport roller form an overall arc-shaped deflection along the length direction of the corner column component, wherein the highest deflection point of the deflection insert located in the middle flip positioning mechanism is located at the center of the length direction of the corner column component, and decreases from the middle to both sides.

[0019] The usefulness of the invention: The invention solves the problem of large welding deformation of long welds similar to those formed by the combination of steel plates in the railway freight car industry. The invention prefabricates the deflection and anti-deformation of the welding parts in advance to offset the deformation stress of the parts themselves during the welding process. At the same time, a semi-flipping device and a spring-type conveying roller are designed and invented to reduce the labor intensity of the parts during the conveying process; and the assembly welding station of the parts is integrated to improve work efficiency. When solving the deformation of similar parts, the present invention comprehensively improves work efficiency and reduces labor intensity. The overall structure of the device is simple, easy to process and operate, and has good replicability and scalability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the device of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the flip positioning mechanism in the middle of the device of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the flip positioning component of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the end flip positioning mechanism of the device of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the end flipping and positioning mechanism of the device of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the side flipping state of the end flipping positioning mechanism of the device of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the spring type transport roller of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the spring-type transport roller of the present invention;

[0028] Fig. 9 is the cross section of the spring-type transport roller of the present invention, that is, Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the AA section.

[0029] In the figure, 1 is the middle flip positioning mechanism, 2 is the end flip positioning mechanism, 3 is the cylinder clamping mechanism, 4 is the flip horizontal base plate, 5 is the fixed horizontal platform surface, 6 is the workbench, 7 is the clamping fixture, 8 is the flip support arm, 9 is the positioning module, 10 is the unloading roller, 11 is the fixed support, 12 is the deflection insert, 13 is the spring-type transport roller, 21 is the flip cylinder, 22 is the flip drive arm, 23 is the flip support, 31 is the clamping cylinder, 32 is the clamping head, 33 is the semi-gantry suspension beam, 71 is the clamp pressure head, 72 is the clamp pressure arm, 73 is the clamp lower link, 74 is the handle, 75 is the clamp upper link, 91 is the corner column positioning groove, 92 is the corner column plate positioning groove, 131 is the sliding spring seat, 132 is the roller, 133 is the tension spring fixing pin, 134 is the tension spring, 135 is the slide groove, A is the corner column, and B is the corner column plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific implementation methods. The specific implementation methods are further descriptions of the principles of the present invention and do not limit the present invention in any way. Technologies that are the same or similar to the present invention do not exceed the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] Combined with the attached pictures.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, the welding deformation control device of the corner column component of a railway freight car comprises a steel structure and a workbench 6 arranged along the length direction of the corner column component, a middle turning positioning mechanism 1 is arranged in the middle of the workbench 6, and a group of end turning positioning mechanisms 2 and a group of oil cylinder pressing mechanisms 3 are respectively arranged at both ends of the workbench 6; the middle turning positioning mechanism 1 and the two groups of end turning positioning mechanisms 2 have the same turning positioning components, and each turning positioning component is connected by a turning horizontal base plate 4 arranged along the length direction of the workbench 6;

[0033] The end flipping and positioning mechanism 2 is an active flipping mechanism, which is driven by the flipping cylinder 21 to rotate the flipping horizontal substrate 4; the middle flipping and positioning mechanism 1 is a passive flipping mechanism, which is driven by the flipping horizontal substrate 4 to rotate;

[0034] The cylinder clamping mechanism 3 comprises a clamping cylinder 31 suspended on a semi-gantry suspension beam 33 at the rear of the workbench 6, and is used for extending a clamping head 32 under the drive of the clamping cylinder 31 to fix the corner column into a welding assembly;

[0035] like Figure 3As shown, each flip positioning component is arranged on the flip horizontal base plate 4 through the deflection insert 12, and the flip positioning component includes: a positioning module 9 having a corner column positioning groove 91 and a corner column plate positioning groove 92 and a clamping fixture 7 for clamping the corner column component welding combination; wherein the deflection insert 12 is fixed on the flip horizontal base plate 4, the positioning module 9 is fixed on one side of the deflection insert 12, and the clamping fixture 7 is fixed on the upper end surface of the positioning module 9;

[0036] A plurality of groups of spring-type transport rollers 13 are arranged at intervals on the flip horizontal base plate 4 .

[0037] like Figure 3 As shown, the corner column positioning groove 91 of the positioning module 9 is a side limit groove, which is used for the close positioning of the corner column assembly; the corner column plate positioning groove 92 of the positioning module 9 is a groove of a certain depth set according to the welding positioning of the corner column plate, the groove width is greater than the thickness of the corner column plate B, and the bottom surface of the groove is located on the same plane as the upper surface of the corner column A after close positioning.

[0038] like Figure 3 As shown, the clamping clamp 7 is a four-link lever structure at the dead point of movement, which is composed of a clamp pressure head 71, a clamp pressure arm 72, a clamp lower link 73, a handle 74 and a clamp upper link 75; the clamp pressure head 71 is fixed on the clamp pressure arm 72, and the clamp pressure arm 72 has two rotation centers, one rotation center is hinged to the positioning module 9, and the other rotation center is hinged to the clamp upper link 75, the other end of the clamp upper link 75 is hinged to the clamp lower link 73 and is drive-connected to the handle 74, and the other end of the clamp lower link 73 is hinged to the positioning module 9.

[0039] like Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Fig. 9 As shown, each set of spring-type transport rollers 13 is composed of a tension spring 134, a sliding spring seat 131, and a roller 132. An inclined slide groove 135 is arranged in the sliding spring seat 131, and both ends of the roller 132 can slide along the slide groove 135; when the tension spring 134 is in a free state, the height of the roller 132 is consistent with the highest point of the deflection insert 12, which is used for transportation during the loading process; after being pressed, the roller 132 slides to the bottom along the slide groove 135, and forms an overall deflection with the deflection insert 12 to realize the anti-deformation pressing of the corner column composition.

[0040] like Figure 2 As shown, the flip positioning component of the middle flip positioning mechanism 1 is connected and fixed by a flip horizontal base plate 4 and a flip support arm 8. The flip support arm 8 is hinged to a fixed support 11 arranged on the surface of the workbench 6. The front end surface of the fixed support 11 is provided with an arc surface for rotating the flip positioning component.

[0041] like Figure 5 , Figure 6As shown, the flip positioning component of the end flip positioning mechanism 2 is supported and connected to the flip support arm 8 through the flip horizontal base plate 4. The flip support arm 8 is hinged to the flip support 23 arranged on the surface of the workbench 6. At the same time, the flip support arm 8 is also driven and connected to the flip drive arm 22. The other end of the flip drive arm 22 is driven and connected to the flip cylinder 21 arranged under the workbench 6.

[0042] Two groups of flip support arms 8 are arranged under the end flip horizontal base plate 4 of each group of end flip positioning mechanism 2 and are hinged to the flip support 23 arranged on the surface of the workbench 6. A rotating connecting rod is driven and connected between the rotation centers of the two groups of flip support arms 8, and the middle part of the rotating connecting rod is driven and hinged to the flip driving arm 22.

[0043] At least two groups of spring-type transport rollers 13 are arranged on the flip horizontal base plate 4 and are located on both sides of the middle flip positioning mechanism.

[0044] A discharge roller 10 for moving the corner column assembly is provided at the front end of the workbench 6.

[0045] The deflection insert 12 and the matching spring-type transport roller 13 form an overall arc-shaped deflection along the length direction of the corner column component, and the highest point of the deflection is located at the center of the length direction of the corner column component, and it decreases from the middle to both sides. The spring-type transport roller 13 is composed of a tension spring 134, a sliding spring seat 131, and a roller 132. When the tension spring 134 is in a free state, the height of the roller 132 is consistent with the highest point of the deflection insert 12, ensuring that the roller 132 plays a transport function during the loading process of the operator; after being pressed, the roller 132 slides to the bottom along the slide groove 135 of the sliding spring seat 131, and forms an overall deflection with the deflection insert 12, completing the anti-deformation pressing of the corner column component.

[0046] In actual application of the present invention, the operator respectively transports the corner column A and the corner column plate B from the platform of the device by the transport roller 10, and respectively makes the corner column A close to the corner column positioning groove 91 and the corner column plate B close to the corner column plate positioning groove 92; uses the clamping fixture 7 to clamp the assembled corner column component; starts the oil cylinder clamping mechanism 3 to press the two ends of the corner column component to preform the reverse deformation deflection; then the operator uses the welding gun to fix the broken welding points of the corner column component; after raising the oil cylinder clamping mechanism 3, uses the automatic welding trolley to fix the corner column component; The front weld of the column assembly is welded; when the welding is completed, the turning cylinder 21 is turned on to turn the corner column assembly together with the turning support arm 8 and the clamping clamp 7 to 90 degrees and place them above the unloading roller 10; the operator pulls the handle 74, lifts the clamp pressure head 71, and gently drops the corner column assembly to the unloading roller 10, turns the corner column assembly 90 degrees and then transfers it to the welding station of the back weld of the corner column assembly to complete the back weld welding; finally, the smoke and splashes in the welding process are polished clean and the finished products are stored.

Claims

1. A welding deformation control device for a railway freight car corner column assembly, comprising a steel structure and a workbench arranged along the length direction of the corner column assembly, characterized in that: A middle flip positioning mechanism is arranged in the middle of the workbench, and a group of end flip positioning mechanisms and a group of oil cylinder clamping mechanisms are arranged at both ends of the workbench respectively; the middle flip positioning mechanism and the two groups of end flip positioning mechanisms have the same flip positioning components, and each flip positioning component is connected by a flip horizontal base plate arranged along the length direction of the workbench; The end flipping and positioning mechanism is an active flipping mechanism, which is driven by the flipping cylinder to rotate the flipping horizontal substrate; the middle flipping and positioning mechanism is a passive flipping mechanism, which is driven by the flipping horizontal substrate to rotate; The oil cylinder clamping mechanism includes a clamping oil cylinder suspended on the semi-gantry suspension beam at the rear of the workbench, which is used for extending the clamping head under the drive of the clamping oil cylinder to form a welding combination and fix the corner column; Each flip positioning component is arranged on the flip horizontal base plate through a deflection insert, and the flip positioning component includes: a positioning module having a corner column positioning groove and a corner column plate positioning groove and a clamping fixture for clamping the corner column component welding combination; wherein the deflection insert is fixed on the flip horizontal base plate, the positioning module is fixed on one side of the deflection insert, and the clamping fixture is fixed on the upper end surface of the positioning module; The flip positioning component of the middle flip positioning mechanism is connected and fixed by a flip horizontal base plate and a flip support arm, the flip support arm is hinged to a fixed support arranged on the work table, and the front end surface of the fixed support is provided with an arc surface for the flip positioning component to rotate; The flip positioning component of the end flip positioning mechanism is connected and fixed by a flip horizontal base plate and a flip support arm, the flip support arm is hinged to a flip support arranged on the work table, and at the same time, the flip support arm is also driven and connected to a flip driving arm, and the other end of the flip driving arm is driven and connected to a flip oil cylinder arranged under the work table; A plurality of groups of spring-type transport rollers are arranged at intervals on the flip horizontal base plate; each group of spring-type transport rollers is composed of a tension spring, a sliding spring seat, and a roller, and an inclined slide groove is arranged in the sliding spring seat, and both ends of the roller can slide along the slide groove; when the tension spring is in a free state, the height of the roller is consistent with the highest point of the deflection insert, which is used for transportation during the loading process; after being pressed, the roller slides to the bottom along the slide groove, and forms an overall deflection with the deflection insert to realize the anti-deformation pressing of the corner column composition.

2. The device for controlling welding deformation of a railway freight car corner column according to claim 1, characterized in that: The corner column positioning groove of the positioning module is a side limit groove, which is used for the close positioning of the corner column assembly; the corner column plate positioning groove of the positioning module is a groove of a certain depth set according to the welding positioning of the corner column plate, the groove width is greater than the corner column plate thickness, and the bottom surface of the groove and the upper surface of the corner column after close positioning are located on the same plane.

3. The device for controlling welding deformation of a railway freight car corner column according to claim 2, characterized in that: The clamping clamp is a four-link lever structure at the dead point of movement, which is composed of a clamp pressure head, a clamp pressure arm, a clamp lower link, a handle and a clamp upper link; the clamp pressure head is fixed on the clamp pressure arm, and the clamp pressure arm has two rotation centers, one rotation center is hinged to the positioning module, and the other rotation center is hinged to the clamp upper link, the other end of the clamp upper link is hinged to the clamp lower link and connected to the handle drive, and the other end of the clamp lower link is hinged to the positioning module.

4. The railway freight car corner column assembly welding deformation control device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: Two groups of flip support arms are arranged under the end flip horizontal base plate of each group of end flip positioning mechanism and are hinged to the flip support arranged on the work table. A rotating connecting rod is driven and connected between the rotation centers of the two groups of flip support arms, and the middle part of the rotating connecting rod is rotationally driven and connected to the flip driving arm.

5. The railway freight car corner column assembly welding deformation control device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: At least two groups of the spring-type transport rollers are arranged on the flip horizontal base plate and are located on both sides of the middle flip positioning mechanism.

6. The railway freight car corner column assembly welding deformation control device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: A discharging roller for moving the corner column assembly is arranged at the front end of the workbench.

7. The device for controlling welding deformation of a railway freight car corner column according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: The deflection insert and the spring-type transport roller form an overall arc-shaped deflection along the length direction of the corner column component, wherein the highest deflection point of the deflection insert located in the middle flip positioning mechanism is located at the center of the length direction of the corner column component, and decreases from the middle to both sides.

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