A positioning guide plate for extracting impacted supernumerary teeth and a manufacturing method thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to an impacted supernumerary tooth extraction positioning guide plate and a manufacturing method thereof, comprising a retaining device (1) and a positioning device (2) mounted on the retaining device (1), wherein the retaining device (1) is sleeved on the teeth adjacent to the supernumerary tooth growth area, and the bottom of the positioning device (2) is in contact with the bone wall of the tooth extraction area. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the advantages of simple structure, simple manufacturing process, easy operation by doctors, high precision, and can effectively reduce the surgical error caused by the large gap between the surgical guide window and the bone wall after flap opening, thereby ensuring the safety of the surgery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of oral medical instruments, and in particular to an impacted supernumerary tooth extraction positioning guide plate and a manufacturing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Impacted supernumerary teeth in children are usually found in hospitals during the mixed dentition period between the ages of 6 and 12 due to malocclusion or abnormal replacement of deciduous and permanent teeth. It is a common disease in pediatric dentistry and oral surgery clinics. If not extracted in time, it can cause root resorption of adjacent teeth and pulp necrosis, and can also cause odontogenic cysts and tumors, which have serious adverse effects on children's oral health. At present, surgical extraction is the main method used in clinical treatment of impacted supernumerary teeth in children. Due to the young age of children in the dentition replacement period and their low degree of cooperation, the diagnosis and identification of coexisting deciduous teeth, permanent teeth and supernumerary teeth on imaging films are more complicated, which makes many clinicians reluctant to extract supernumerary teeth in children.

[0003] The traditional method of extracting impacted supernumerary teeth is to use bone chisels to remove the bone, which is very traumatic and can easily damage adjacent teeth. In recent years, minimally invasive tooth extraction with precise positioning has been widely reported and recognized. The more common types are mucosa-supported and bone-supported digital positioning guides. The disadvantage of the mucosa-supported type is that after the surgical flap is opened, a relatively large gap will be generated between the surgical guide window and the bone wall, and the surgical direction and range will have a large error. Faced with the limited scope and field of view of children's oral surgery, this error can easily lead to damage to adjacent teeth and permanent tooth germs. Although the bone-supported guide has high precision, it is complex to design and manufacture, and requires professionals to use professional software to perform three-dimensional modeling of CBCT data. This modeling software is not only expensive, but also has high requirements for the shooting quality of CBCT. Therefore, it is difficult to popularize it in general medical institutions.

[0004] Invention patent CN111494034A discloses a positioning guide plate and a manufacturing method for the extraction of impacted supernumerary teeth in the anterior teeth area. By making the mucosal positioning guide plate and the bone removal positioning piece detachable, they can be used more conveniently. A positioning ring for guiding the route of the bone removal device is provided on the inner side of the bone removal positioning piece. The inner side of the positioning ring is a bone removal guide surface. The bone removal guide surface is set with a predetermined bone removal direction and the height of the positioning ring is used to guide the bone removal depth of the bur. The invention can accurately cut and position the impacted supernumerary teeth. At the same time, through the setting of the device, the bone removal area, depth and angle are accurately guided, and the bone is removed in a small range to avoid damage to important permanent teeth and normal teeth due to positioning errors, and the supernumerary teeth are exposed smoothly. However, the invention is between the mucosal-supported and bone-supported positioning guide plates. Although the positioning device can reduce the gap between the bone wall caused by flap opening, it cannot be completely fitted with the bone wall. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an impacted supernumerary tooth extraction positioning guide plate and a manufacturing method thereof, which can effectively reduce the gap between the surgical guide window and the bone wall after flap opening.

[0006] The objective of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical scheme: a positioning guide plate for extraction of impacted supernumerary teeth, comprising a retaining device and a positioning device installed on the retaining device, wherein the retaining device is sleeved on the teeth adjacent to the supernumerary tooth growth area, and the bottom of the positioning device is in contact with the bone wall of the tooth extraction area.

[0007] Furthermore, the positioning device is connected with a lifting accessory, and the retaining device is provided with a lifting accessory guide groove matching the lifting accessory, and the positioning device and the retaining device are detachably connected via the lifting accessory and the lifting accessory guide groove.

[0008] Furthermore, the lifting height of the lifting attachment is the same as the projection distance between the oral mucosa and the bone wall in the tooth extraction area, and the inclination direction of the inner wall of the lifting attachment guide groove is consistent with the supernumerary tooth extraction direction.

[0009] Preferably, the lifting accessory comprises a head, a neck and a connection part which are arranged in sequence, the head is clamped in the lifting accessory guide groove, the connection part is connected to the positioning device, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the neck is smaller than the head and the connection part. The arrangement of the neck allows the lifting accessory to be lifted up and down along the lifting accessory guide groove without being easily separated to cause danger.

[0010] Preferably, the neck is located at the opening of the lifting accessory guide slot, and the connecting portion is fitted with the retaining device. This structural setting can further improve the overall structural stability after the lifting accessory is inserted into the lifting accessory guide slot, is easy for doctors to operate, has high precision, can avoid surgical errors, and ensure surgical safety.

[0011] Preferably, the maximum distance of the head moving up and down in the guide groove of the lifting attachment is the same as the projection distance between the oral mucosa and the bone wall in the tooth extraction area. This ensures that after the surgical flap is opened, when the lifting attachment is pressed to snap into the guide groove of the lifting attachment, the positioning device connected thereto can be closely attached to the bone wall in the tooth extraction area, thereby reducing surgical errors and improving accuracy.

[0012] The angle between the lifting attachment and the positioning device is an obtuse angle. The lifting attachment is slightly tilted upwards, which is convenient for operation and facilitates the positioning device to fit the bone wall.

[0013] The shape of the positioning device matches the shape of the projection of the supernumerary tooth on the body surface in the extraction direction; the retaining device is provided with an inner cavity that matches the teeth adjacent to the supernumerary tooth growth area. The positioning device can assist in determining the surgical scope, and the inner cavity of the retaining device can ensure the stability of the positioning guide plate on the tooth.

[0014] Furthermore, the positioning device is provided with a guide window, and the inclination direction of the side wall of the guide window is consistent with the extraction direction of the supernumerary teeth. The guide window can guide the surgical entry angle to improve the accuracy and safety of the operation.

[0015] A method for manufacturing the above-mentioned impacted supernumerary tooth extraction positioning guide plate comprises the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: Perform intraoral scanning or impression scanning to obtain the oral surface morphology of the patient, including the crown and mucosa, and convert it into a three-dimensional oral surface model digital information;

[0017] Step 2: Take oral CBCT to extract the characteristics of oral hard structures including teeth and alveolar bones and convert them into three-dimensional oral hard structure model digital information;

[0018] Step 3: Overlap and match the three-dimensional oral surface model digital information obtained in step 1 with the three-dimensional oral hard structure model digital information obtained in step 2 through the natural teeth in the mouth to form a complete oral model;

[0019] Step 4: derive the surface projection of the supernumerary teeth buried in the bone on the mucosa through the complete oral model obtained in step 3;

[0020] Step 5: Design the impacted supernumerary tooth extraction positioning guide plate based on the complete oral model prepared in step 3 and the body surface projection map obtained in step 4, specifically: design the retention device of the positioning guide plate based on the intraoral digital model information of the supernumerary tooth adjacent to the natural tooth, design the positioning device based on the body surface projection map, design the lifting attachment based on the projection distance between the oral mucosa and the bone wall in the tooth extraction area, and design the lifting attachment guide groove based on the projection of the lifting attachment and the supernumerary tooth extraction position on the body surface;

[0021] Step 6: Using resin as raw material, utilize 3D printing technology to print the impacted supernumerary tooth extraction positioning guide.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0023] 1. The present invention uses the design of the positioning device to make its bottom fit the bone wall of the tooth extraction area, thereby reducing the error of the surgical direction and range, reducing the damage caused by the error, and ensuring the safety of the operation;

[0024] 2. The present invention accurately controls the lifting height of the positioning device through the design of the lifting attachment and the lifting attachment guide groove, ensuring that the bottom of the positioning device fits the bone wall of the tooth extraction area, thereby improving the accuracy. The detachable connection between the two allows the positioning device to be flexibly disassembled, thereby improving the convenience of operation.

[0025] 3. The present invention adopts the structure of the head, neck and connection part of the lifting accessory and the design of the installation relationship between the fixing device and the lifting accessory guide groove, so that the lifting accessory can be lifted up and down along the lifting accessory guide groove without being easily separated to cause danger, and the overall structure is safe and stable;

[0026] 4. The present invention improves the convenience of operation by designing the angle between the lifting attachment and the positioning device;

[0027] 5. The present invention can guide the surgical entry angle through the design of the positioning device and the guide window thereon, thereby improving the accuracy and safety of the operation and facilitating the operation;

[0028] 6. The present invention has a simple structure, can make full use of digital design software and equipment, has a simple production process, is low in cost, and is easy to popularize. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the positioning guide plate for extracting an impacted supernumerary tooth according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the retaining device and the guide groove of the lifting accessory of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the positioning device and the lifting accessories of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the positioning guide plate for extraction of impacted supernumerary teeth in the oral cavity of the present invention;

[0033] In the figure: 1-retention device, 2-positioning device, 21-guide window, 3-lifting accessory, 31-head, 32-neck, 33-connecting part, 4-lifting accessory guide groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The following embodiments are implemented based on the technical solution of the present invention, and provide detailed implementation methods and specific operation processes, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] A positioning guide plate for extracting impacted supernumerary teeth, such as Figure 1 As shown, it comprises a retaining device 1 and a positioning device 2 detachably mounted on the retaining device 1 through a lifting attachment 3 and a lifting attachment guide groove 4. The lifting height of the lifting attachment 3 in the lifting attachment guide groove 4 is the same as the projection distance between the oral mucosa and the bone wall in the tooth extraction area. Figure 2As shown, the lifting accessory guide groove 4 is arranged on the lingual side of the retaining device 1, and the opening faces the lingual side. The inner wall of the lifting accessory guide groove 4 is inclined in the same direction as the supernumerary tooth extraction direction. The retaining device 1 is provided with an inner cavity matching 1 to 2 stable abutment teeth adjacent to the supernumerary tooth growth area. Figure 3 As shown, the lifting attachment 3 includes a head 31, a neck 32 and a connecting portion 33 arranged in sequence, the cross-sectional area of ​​the neck 32 is smaller than the head 31 and the connecting portion 33, the lifting attachment 3 and the positioning device 2 form an obtuse angle, and the lifting attachment 3 is slightly tilted upward for easy operation. A guide window 21 is provided inside the positioning device 2, and the inclination direction of the side wall of the guide window 21 is consistent with the direction of extraction of supernumerary teeth to guide the surgical process.

[0037] When doing specific operations, such as Figure 4 As shown, the retaining device 1 is stably sleeved on the teeth adjacent to the supernumerary tooth growth area through the inner cavity, the head 31 of the lifting attachment 3 is aligned with the lifting attachment guide groove 4, and the head 31 is gently pressed downward to make the positioning device 2 basically in place, and the area where the operation is required is circled, and then the lifting attachment 3 and the positioning device 2 fixedly connected thereto are removed, and the flap operation is performed. After the flap operation, the head 31 of the lifting attachment 3 is aligned with the lifting attachment guide groove 4 again, and the head 31 is pressed downward until it is completely stuck in the lifting attachment guide groove 4. At this time, the bottom of the positioning device 2 is completely in contact with the bone wall of the tooth extraction area exposed after the flap is opened, and the neck 32 is located at the opening of the lifting attachment guide groove 4, and the connecting part 33 is in contact with the retaining device 1. At this time, the overall structure of the positioning guide is stable. Under the guidance of the guide window 21, the doctor accurately controls the direction and range of the supernumerary tooth extraction operation, which is easy to operate and has high precision. It can effectively reduce the surgical error caused by the large gap between the positioning device 2 and the bone wall after the flap is opened, and ensure the safety of the operation.

[0038] The steps for preparing the impacted supernumerary tooth extraction positioning guide plate in this embodiment are as follows:

[0039] (1) Perform intraoral scanning or impression scanning to obtain the patient's oral surface morphology including the crowns and mucosa, and convert it into a three-dimensional oral surface model digital information;

[0040] (2) Taking oral CBCT images to extract the characteristics of oral hard structures including teeth and alveolar bones and converting them into digital information of a three-dimensional oral hard structure model;

[0041] (3) Overlapping and matching the three-dimensional oral surface model digital information obtained in step (1) with the three-dimensional oral hard structure model digital information obtained in step (2) through natural teeth in the mouth to form a complete oral model;

[0042] (4) deriving a surface projection image of the supernumerary teeth embedded in the bone on the mucosa using the complete oral cavity model obtained in step (3);

[0043] (5) designing a positioning guide for extraction of impacted supernumerary teeth using the complete oral model prepared in step (3) and the body surface projection map obtained in step (4), specifically: designing a retaining device 1 of the positioning guide according to the intraoral digital model information of the supernumerary teeth adjacent to the natural teeth, designing a positioning device 2 according to the body surface projection map, designing a lifting attachment 3 according to the projection distance between the oral mucosa and the bone wall in the tooth extraction area, and designing a lifting attachment guide groove 4 according to the projection of the lifting attachment 3 and the supernumerary tooth extraction position on the body surface;

[0044] (6) Using resin as raw material, the impacted supernumerary tooth extraction positioning guide is printed using 3D printing technology.

[0045] The impacted supernumerary tooth extraction positioning guide plate of the present invention has a simple structure, can fully utilize digital design software and equipment, has a simple production process, has a low cost, and is easy to popularize.

[0046] The above description of the embodiments is to facilitate the understanding and use of the invention by those skilled in the art. It is obvious that those skilled in the art can easily make various modifications to these embodiments and apply the general principles described herein to other embodiments without creative work. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention should be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A positioning guide plate for extraction of impacted supernumerary teeth, characterized in that: It comprises a retaining device (1) and a positioning device (2) mounted on the retaining device (1), wherein the retaining device (1) is sleeved on the teeth adjacent to the supernumerary tooth growth area, and the bottom of the positioning device (2) is in contact with the bone wall of the tooth extraction area; The positioning device (2) is connected to a lifting accessory (3), and the retaining device (1) is provided with a lifting accessory guide groove (4) matching the lifting accessory (3), and the positioning device (2) and the retaining device (1) are detachably connected via the lifting accessory (3) and the lifting accessory guide groove (4); The lifting height of the lifting attachment (3) is the same as the projection distance between the oral mucosa and the bone wall in the tooth extraction area, and the inclination direction of the inner wall of the lifting attachment guide groove (4) is consistent with the extraction direction of the supernumerary teeth; The lifting accessory (3) comprises a head (31), a neck (32) and a connecting portion (33) which are arranged in sequence, the head (31) being clamped in the lifting accessory guide groove (4), the connecting portion (33) being connected to the positioning device (2), and the cross-sectional area of ​​the neck (32) being smaller than that of the head (31) and the connecting portion (33); The neck portion (32) is located at the opening of the lifting accessory guide slot (4), and the connecting portion (33) is in contact with the retaining device (1); The maximum distance that the head (31) moves up and down in the lifting accessory guide groove (4) is the same as the projection distance between the oral mucosa and the bone wall in the tooth extraction area.

2. The impacted supernumerary tooth extraction positioning guide according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle between the lifting attachment (3) and the positioning device (2) is an obtuse angle.

3. The impacted supernumerary tooth extraction positioning guide according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shape of the positioning device (2) matches the shape of the projection of the supernumerary tooth on the body surface in the extraction direction; the retaining device (1) is provided with an inner cavity that matches the teeth adjacent to the supernumerary tooth growth area.

4. The impacted supernumerary tooth extraction positioning guide according to claim 3, characterized in that: The positioning device (2) is provided with a guide window (21), and the inclination direction of the side wall of the guide window (21) is consistent with the direction of extraction of supernumerary teeth.

5. A method for manufacturing an impacted supernumerary tooth extraction positioning guide plate as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Perform intraoral scanning or impression scanning to obtain the oral surface morphology of the patient, including the crown and mucosa, and convert it into a three-dimensional oral surface model digital information; Step 2: Take oral CBCT to extract the characteristics of oral hard structures including teeth and alveolar bones and convert them into three-dimensional oral hard structure model digital information; Step 3: Overlap and match the three-dimensional oral surface model digital information obtained in step 1 with the three-dimensional oral hard structure model digital information obtained in step 2 through the natural teeth in the mouth to form a complete oral model; Step 4: derive the surface projection of the supernumerary teeth buried in the bone on the mucosa through the complete oral model obtained in step 3; Step 5: Designing a positioning guide for extraction of impacted supernumerary teeth using the complete oral model prepared in step 3 and the body surface projection map obtained in step 4, specifically: designing a retaining device (1) of the positioning guide based on the intraoral digital model information of the supernumerary teeth adjacent to the natural teeth, designing a positioning device (2) based on the body surface projection map, designing a lifting attachment (3) based on the projection distance between the oral mucosa and the bone wall in the tooth extraction area, and designing a lifting attachment guide groove (4) based on the lifting attachment (3) and the projection of the supernumerary tooth extraction position on the body surface; Step 6: Using resin as raw material, utilize 3D printing technology to print the impacted supernumerary tooth extraction positioning guide.

Images