A high-temperature crushing and drying device for kitchen waste

Abstract

The present invention discloses a high-temperature crushing and drying integrated device for kitchen waste, which relates to the technical field of kitchen waste treatment, and comprises a cylinder, a crushing device and a hot air furnace that provides hot air to the cylinder; the two ends of the cylinder are respectively provided with a feed port and a discharge port, and one end of the feed port of the cylinder is also provided with an air inlet; the crushing device comprises a rotating shaft and a plurality of crushing knives that are evenly connected to the rotating shaft and rotate with the rotating shaft; the rotating shaft is coaxially arranged with the cylinder, and the length of the crushing knives is less than the distance between the rotating shaft and the inner wall of the cylinder; the rotating shaft is connected with a driving motor that drives the rotating shaft to rotate; the air outlet of the hot air furnace is connected with the air inlet, and hot air is blown into the cylinder. The present invention adopts hot air to dry kitchen waste particles at high temperature during the kitchen waste crushing process, so that the kitchen waste particles are quickly dried and discharged with the hot air, so as to realize the rapid crushing and drying of the kitchen waste particles, reduce the equipment footprint, improve the processing efficiency, shorten the processing time, and increase the kitchen waste processing capacity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of garbage disposal equipment, and in particular to a high-temperature crushing and drying integrated device for kitchen garbage. Background Art

[0002] Kitchen waste refers to food leftovers from restaurants, hotels, company canteens, etc., as well as waste from the processing of fruits, vegetables, meat, oil, pastries, etc. in the back kitchen. It also includes household kitchen waste. Therefore, it is rich in starch, cellulose, protein, fat and inorganic salts. After drying, it can be prepared into solid fuel with a high calorific value, thereby realizing the recycling and reuse of kitchen waste and reducing environmental pollution.

[0003] Existing methods of preparing solid fuel from food waste usually involve crushing the waste into pulp, followed by gradual drying and solidification to prepare it into solid fuel. The equipment occupies a large area, takes a long time to process, has a small processing volume, and has a high unit processing cost, making it difficult to meet the requirements for urban food waste processing. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to overcome the problems in the prior art of preparing food waste into solid waste, such as large equipment footprint, long processing time and small processing volume, and to provide a high-temperature crushing and drying integrated device for food waste. In the process of crushing the food waste, hot air is used to dry the food waste particles at high temperature, so that the food waste particles are quickly dried and discharged with the hot air, thereby realizing rapid crushing and drying of the food waste particles, reducing the equipment footprint, improving processing efficiency, shortening processing time, and increasing the processing volume of food waste.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned invention objectives, the present application provides the following technical solutions: a high-temperature integrated device for crushing and drying food waste, comprising a cylinder, a crushing device and a hot air furnace for providing hot air to the cylinder; a feed port and a discharge port are respectively provided at both ends of the cylinder, and an air inlet is also provided at one end of the feed port of the cylinder; the crushing device comprises a rotating shaft and a plurality of crushing knives evenly connected to the rotating shaft and rotating with the rotating shaft; the rotating shaft is coaxially arranged with the cylinder, and the length of the crushing knife is less than the distance between the rotating shaft and the inner wall of the cylinder; the rotating shaft is connected to a driving motor for driving the rotating shaft to rotate; the air outlet of the hot air furnace is connected to the air inlet to blow hot air into the cylinder.

[0006] In the above technical scheme, the high-temperature crushing and drying integrated device maintains negative pressure in the cylinder during use. The high-temperature crushing and drying integrated device uses hot air to blow into the cylinder, and quickly dries the food waste at high temperature during the crushing process, and blows it out of the cylinder, without the need to set up a transmission device; at the same time, under the flow of hot air and the cutting action of the crushing knife, the food waste is quickly dried, avoiding the food waste from adhering to the cylinder, while improving the drying efficiency, achieving the crushing and drying of the food waste, and obtaining food waste particles. The technical scheme equipment occupies a small area, has a short processing time, high processing efficiency, and a large processing volume per unit time. In addition, in the high-temperature crushing and drying integrated device, since the food waste is dried under the flow of hot air and moves toward the discharge port with the blowing of the hot air, it will inevitably be cut by the crushing knife. At the same time, in the process of being cut by the crushing knife, due to its particle refinement, its drying effect will be improved, so there is no need to rotate the cylinder or set up a turning and transmission device for the food waste to achieve the crushing, drying and transmission of the food waste.

[0007] Furthermore, each of the crushing knives is hinged to the rotating shaft, and the high-speed rotating shaft drives the crushing knives to rotate under the action of centrifugal force and inertia, thereby crushing the food waste and saving energy.

[0008] Furthermore, the crushing knives are arranged on the rotating shaft in a spiral shape to improve the crushing effect; at the same time, as the crushing knives rotate, the hot air forms a number of vortices in the cylinder, which plays a better drying role.

[0009] Furthermore, the length of the crushing knife is 1 to 5 mm smaller than the distance from the rotating shaft to the inner wall of the cylinder.

[0010] Furthermore, a hot air duct for transmitting hot air is provided between the air outlet and the air inlet of the hot blast furnace, and the length of the hot air duct is at least 3m. Hot blast furnaces mostly use fuel combustion to heat air to form hot air, so there are mostly flames at the air outlet of the hot blast furnace, which directly contact the food waste and cause carbonization and coking of the food waste. A hot air duct is provided between the air outlet and the air inlet of the hot blast furnace to prevent the flames in the hot blast furnace from entering the cylinder and reduce the coking of the food waste.

[0011] Furthermore, there are multiple air inlets, and the multiple air inlets are arranged in a circular array along the axis of the cylinder; an annular air distribution pipe connected to the hot air duct is provided between the hot air duct and the air inlet, and the annular air distribution pipe is connected to each of the air inlets through a branch pipe, so that hot air enters the cylinder from the multiple air inlets, and the hot air enters the cylinder evenly, so that the food waste is heated evenly.

[0012] Furthermore, the integrated crushing and drying device further comprises a gas-solid cyclone separator arranged at the discharge port. The gas-solid cyclone separator is connected to the discharge port to separate hot air from the food waste particles, thereby collecting the food waste particles.

[0013] Furthermore, an ascending pipe is provided between the discharge port and the gas-solid cyclone separator, one end of the ascending pipe is connected to the discharge port, and the other end is connected to the inlet of the gas-solid cyclone separator. After being crushed and dried in the cylinder, the food waste particles enter the ascending pipe from the discharge port, continue to be dried in the ascending pipe, and then enter the gas-solid cyclone separator for gas-solid separation.

[0014] Furthermore, the ascending pipe is a funnel-shaped structure that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom, so that the pressure of the hot air drops and the speed decreases, while maintaining a negative pressure in the cylinder to improve the drying effect.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] The present application discloses a high-temperature crushing and drying integrated device for kitchen waste, which uses flowing high-temperature hot air to blow into a cylinder to dry the kitchen waste, and uses a crushing device to crush the kitchen waste during the drying process, so as to obtain crushed and dried kitchen waste particles in one step, thereby reducing the crushing and drying process and required equipment of the kitchen waste, improving the processing efficiency of the kitchen waste and increasing the processing volume. At the same time, flowing high-temperature hot air is used to carry the kitchen waste particles, reducing the transmission equipment of the kitchen waste; the crushing device not only plays the role of crushing the kitchen waste, but also plays the role of stirring the kitchen waste, thereby improving the drying effect and shortening the time required for drying the kitchen waste.

[0017] The high-temperature integrated kitchen waste crushing and drying device disclosed in the present application adopts a crushing knife that is not fixedly connected. The crushing knife rotates at high speed through a high-speed rotating shaft, and cuts and crushes the kitchen waste, so that the power of the motor driving the rotating shaft can be reduced by 50%, which is energy-saving, environmentally friendly and cost-saving. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a high-temperature pulverizing and drying device for kitchen waste in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a cylinder in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 The present invention Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the annular air distribution pipe is installed at the air inlet in the present invention;

[0022] Among them, 1-cylinder, 11-feed hopper, 12-discharge port, 13-air inlet, 2-crushing device, 21-rotating shaft, 211-clamping ring, 22-crushing knife, 221-connecting ring, 23-driving motor, 3-hot air furnace, 31-hot air pipeline, 4-annular air distribution pipe, 5-gas-solid cyclone separator, 6-rising pipeline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with test examples and specific implementation methods. However, this should not be understood as the scope of the above subject matter of the present invention being limited to the following embodiments, and all technologies realized based on the content of the present invention belong to the scope of the present invention.

[0024] In recent years, the preparation of food waste into solid fuel has become an important way to treat food waste. However, the existing process of preparing food waste into solid fuel is usually to crush the food waste into slurry, and then dry and shape it into solid fuel. The process takes a long time, the equipment occupies a large area, and the environment during the process is bad, which is not conducive to promotion and utilization.

[0025] In order to solve the above technical problems, the inventors proposed a high-temperature pulverizing and drying device for kitchen waste in this application. Figure 1 and Figure 2 , comprising a cylinder 1, a crushing device 2 and a hot air furnace 3 that provides hot air to the cylinder 1; a feed port and a discharge port 12 are respectively provided at both ends of the cylinder 1, and an air inlet 13 is also provided at one end of the feed port of the cylinder 1; the crushing device 2 comprises a rotating shaft 21 and a plurality of crushing knives 22 that are evenly connected to the rotating shaft 21 and rotate with the rotating shaft 21; the rotating shaft 21 extends along the axis of the cylinder 1, and the length of the crushing knives 22 is less than the distance between the rotating shaft 21 and the inner wall of the cylinder 1; the rotating shaft 21 is connected to a driving motor 23 that drives the rotating shaft 21 to rotate; the air outlet of the hot air furnace 3 is connected to the air inlet 13, and hot air is blown into the cylinder 1.

[0026] It should be noted that in the above technical solution, the cylinder 1 is arranged horizontally or slightly inclined toward the discharge port 12, the hot air temperature provided by the hot air furnace 3 is at least 1000°C, and negative pressure is maintained in the cylinder 1 to achieve high-temperature drying of the food waste. The drive motor 23 can be a commercially available motor or a reduction motor.

[0027] It should be noted that the feed port is arranged on the side wall of the cylinder 1 near the air inlet 13, and a feed hopper 11 is installed on the feed port, and the food waste is fed through the feed hopper 11. It should be noted that the food waste fed into the cylinder 1 in the present application document is the processed food waste with a moisture content of no more than 50% and a particle size of no more than 5 mm after pre-treatment such as coarse crushing, dehydration and degreasing.

[0028] Preferably, the processed food waste is transported to the first feed hopper 11 through a screw feeder, so that the processed food waste is fed into the cylinder 1 continuously and at a uniform speed.

[0029] In some embodiments, each of the crushing knives 22 is hinged to the rotating shaft 21, and the high-speed rotating shaft 21 drives the crushing knives 22 to rotate under the action of centrifugal force and inertia to crush the food waste and save energy.

[0030] It should be noted that the crushing knife 22 has a single edge or double edges; the hinge connection of the rotating shaft 21 of the crushing knife 22 can be achieved through the following structure:

[0031] See also Figure 3 A connecting ring 221 is provided at one end of the crushing knife 22, and a clamping ring 211 is provided on the rotating shaft 21. The crushing knife 22 is detachably hinged to the clamping ring 211 through the connecting ring 221, so as to realize the hinge connection between the crushing knife 22 and the rotating shaft 21.

[0032] In some embodiments, the crushing blades 22 are arranged in a spiral shape on the rotating shaft 21 to improve the crushing effect; at the same time, as the crushing blades 22 rotate, the hot air forms a number of vortices in the cylinder 1, which has a better drying effect.

[0033] In some embodiments, the length of the crushing blade 22 is 1-5 mm shorter than the distance from the rotating shaft 21 to the inner wall of the cylinder 1 .

[0034] In some embodiments, a hot air duct 31 for transmitting hot air is provided between the air outlet of the hot blast furnace 3 and the air inlet 13, and the length of the hot air duct 31 is at least 3 m. The hot blast furnace 3 mostly uses fuel combustion to heat the air to form hot air, so there are mostly flames at the air outlet of the hot blast furnace 3, which directly contact the food waste and cause carbonization and coking of the food waste. The hot air duct 31 is provided between the air outlet and the air inlet 13 of the hot blast furnace 3 to prevent the flames in the hot blast furnace 3 from entering the cylinder 1 and reduce the coking of the food waste.

[0035] In some embodiments, see Figure 4 There are multiple air inlets 13, and the multiple air inlets 13 are arranged in a circular array along the axis of the cylinder 1; an annular air distribution pipe 4 connected to the hot air duct 31 is provided between the hot air duct 31 and the air inlet 13, and the annular air distribution pipe 4 is connected to each of the air inlets 13 through a branch pipe, so that hot air enters the cylinder 1 from the multiple air inlets 13, and the hot air enters the cylinder 1 evenly, so that the food waste is heated evenly.

[0036] In some embodiments, the integrated crushing and drying device further comprises a gas-solid cyclone separator 5 disposed at the discharge port 12. The gas-solid cyclone separator 5 is connected to the discharge port 12 to separate hot air from food waste particles, thereby collecting food waste particles.

[0037] In some embodiments, an ascending pipe 6 is provided between the discharge port 12 and the gas-solid cyclone separator 5, one end of the ascending pipe 6 is connected to the discharge port 12, and the other end is connected to the inlet of the gas-solid cyclone separator 5. After being crushed and dried in the cylinder 1, the food waste particles enter the ascending pipe 6 from the discharge port 12, continue to be dried in the ascending pipe 6, and then enter the gas-solid cyclone separator 5 for gas-solid separation to obtain powdered fuel and high-temperature flue gas.

[0038] In some embodiments, the rising pipe 6 is a funnel-shaped structure that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom, so that the pressure of the hot air drops and the speed decreases, while maintaining a negative pressure in the cylinder 1 to improve the drying effect.

[0039] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present invention, a variety of simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0040] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-temperature crushing and drying device for kitchen waste, characterized in that: include: A cylinder, wherein a feed port and a discharge port are respectively arranged at both ends of the cylinder, and an air inlet is also arranged at one end of the feed port of the cylinder; A pulverizing device comprises a rotating shaft and a plurality of pulverizing knives uniformly connected to the rotating shaft and rotating with the rotating shaft; the rotating shaft is coaxially arranged with the cylinder, and the length of the pulverizing knives is less than the distance between the rotating shaft and the inner wall of the cylinder, and the length of the pulverizing knives is 1 to 5 mm less than the distance between the rotating shaft and the inner wall of the cylinder; the rotating shaft is connected to a driving motor for driving the rotating shaft to rotate; and a hot air furnace, the air outlet of the hot air furnace is connected to the air inlet, and hot air is blown into the cylinder; Each of the crushing knives is hinged to the rotating shaft; It also includes a gas-solid cyclone separator arranged at the discharge port; an ascending pipe is arranged between the discharge port and the gas-solid cyclone separator, one end of the ascending pipe is connected to the discharge port, and the other end is connected to the inlet of the gas-solid cyclone separator; the ascending pipe is a funnel-shaped structure with a larger top and a smaller bottom.

2. The high-temperature crushing and drying integrated device for kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing knives are arranged on the rotating shaft in a spiral shape.

3. The high-temperature pulverizing and drying integrated device for kitchen waste according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: A hot air duct for transmitting hot air is arranged between the air outlet and the air inlet of the hot air furnace, and the length of the hot air duct is at least 3m.

4. The high-temperature crushing and drying integrated device for kitchen waste according to claim 3, characterized in that: There are multiple air inlets, and the multiple air inlets are arranged in a circular array along the axis of the cylinder; an annular air distribution pipe connected to the hot air duct is provided between the hot air duct and the air inlets, and the annular air distribution pipe is connected to each of the air inlets through a branch pipe.

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