A containment simulation device for aerosol testing

Abstract

The present invention belongs to reactor technology, specifically a containment simulation device for aerosol testing, including a stainless steel body, an upper head and a lower head. The stainless steel body is provided with a manhole, and the side wall is a double-layer jacket structure composed of an inner wall and an outer wall. Between the inner wall and the outer wall, a number of circular baffles are evenly arranged in the vertical direction along the horizontal direction. The baffles divide the fluid medium space into several layers in the vertical direction. The device realizes the simulation of the AP1000 passive containment cooling system, and conducts a detailed simulation of the test conditions of aerosol behavior under severe accident conditions. The double-layer jacket structure designed on the outside of the stainless steel body, the internal medium space is passed through the fluid medium, and the original overall fluid space is improved. The horizontal baffles and the bottom plate of each layer of space are all horizontal, which can ensure that the temperature distribution inside the container is evenly layered in the vertical direction, and can simulate the actual working conditions more intuitively.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to reactor technology, and in particular relates to a containment simulation device for an aerosol test. Background Art

[0002] In traditional second-generation pressurized water reactors, dry sealed containment is generally used. The containment is made of reinforced concrete and is specially equipped with a containment spray system to reduce the pressure and temperature inside the containment under accident conditions. A passive containment cooling system is installed in the third-generation large advanced pressurized water reactor AP1000. The system consists of a water storage tank integrated with the containment shielding structure, a pipeline that transports water from the water tank to the containment shell through a flow distribution device, and related instruments, pipelines and valves.

[0003] In the event of a serious accident at a nuclear power plant, radioactive substances are released in the form of gas, vapor, and aerosol. Aerosols are solid or liquid particles suspended in gas, and are the main carriers of radioactive substances. Their diffusion, distribution, and deposition in space have received special attention in the field of reactor safety in serious accidents.

[0004] In the containment of the second-generation pressurized water reactor, the deposition mechanism of aerosol particles is mainly gravity sedimentation, while the three deposition mechanisms of thermophoresis, diffusiophoresis and Brownian diffusion are relatively minor. In the third-generation advanced pressurized water reactor AP1000, since the passive containment cooling system can reduce the temperature of the steel containment, the relatively lowered temperature of the containment forms a cold wall, which enhances the temperature gradient between the solid surface and the air space, and at the same time enhances the steam condensation in the containment, affecting the thermophoresis and diffusiophoresis deposition of the aerosol, and further affecting the deposition of the aerosol in the containment.

[0005] In order to analyze the passive containment cooling system of the third-generation nuclear power plant, a containment simulation device that can simulate actual working conditions is needed. Summary of the invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a containment simulation device for aerosol testing, which can simulate the working conditions of the containment under accident conditions.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0008] A containment simulation device for aerosol testing comprises a cylindrical stainless steel body, an upper head arranged at the upper end of the stainless steel body and a lower head arranged at the lower end of the stainless steel body, a manhole is arranged at the lower end of one side of the stainless steel body, the side wall of the stainless steel body is a double-layer jacket structure composed of an inner wall and an outer wall, a fluid medium space is between the inner wall and the outer wall, a plurality of annular partitions are evenly arranged along the horizontal direction between the inner wall and the outer wall in the vertical direction, and the partitions evenly divide the fluid medium space into a plurality of layers in the vertical direction; a fluid medium inlet and a fluid medium outlet are processed on the outer wall, so that the fluid medium can enter and exit between the fluid medium space and the external connection.

[0009] A plurality of guide ribs are arranged on the side of the inner wall facing the fluid medium space. The guide ribs are distributed on the inner wall in a threaded shape, and the ascending direction of the thread is along the flow direction of the fluid medium.

[0010] The surface of one side of the inner wall facing the fluid medium space is processed with a wave structure.

[0011] The top end of the upper head is provided with a flange structure, and the flange structure is provided with an upper end manhole and an instrument hole.

[0012] The flange structure is a multi-layer flange structure, which includes a flange base fixed at the top opening of the upper head and a layer of orifice plate fixed on the flange base, wherein the layer of orifice plate is provided with an instrument hole and an upper manhole.

[0013] The instrument hole is provided with an instrument hole cover plate, and the upper end manhole is provided with a manhole cover plate.

[0014] An instrument pipe is arranged on the manhole cover plate.

[0015] The bottom of the lower head is provided with an air supply and water removal device, which includes a cylinder fixedly arranged at the bottom opening of the lower head, an air supply hole is arranged on the side wall of the cylinder, and a water discharge port is arranged at the lower end of the cylinder.

[0016] A support seat is fixedly provided below the lower head.

[0017] A peep window is installed on the side of the stainless steel body, and the peep window penetrates the outer wall, the fluid medium space and the inner wall.

[0018] The remarkable effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0019] This device simulates the AP1000 passive containment cooling system and simulates the test conditions of aerosol behavior under severe accident conditions in detail. The double-layer jacket structure designed on the outside of the stainless steel body, the internal medium space is filled with fluid medium, and the original overall fluid space is improved. The horizontal partitions and the bottom plate of each layer of space are horizontal, which can ensure that the temperature distribution inside the container is evenly layered in the vertical direction, and can simulate the actual working conditions more intuitively.

[0020] The fluid medium space is evenly divided in the vertical direction. Since it is divided into independent fluid medium flow spaces, the temperature of each layer of the space can be controlled individually.

[0021] In addition, after the fluid medium space is evenly and independently divided by partitions, different fluid media can be introduced into each layer. Since different fluid media have different heat transfer capabilities, more complex inner wall temperature distribution conditions can be simulated in the same vertical direction.

[0022] The guide ribs or wave structures are arranged in the space along the flow direction of the fluid, so that the fluid can flow more fully and be fully arranged in every corner of the flow space, and the temperature control is more sufficient.

[0023] The flange structure of the upper head design is convenient for inserting related instruments into the upper head while sealing.

[0024] The air supply and water removal device designed at the bottom of the lower head is mainly used to provide the steam required for the test to the inside of the container and to remove the condensed water formed by the condensation of steam. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the containment simulation device used for aerosol testing;

[0026] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of

[0027] Figure 3 This is a top view of the containment simulation device used for aerosol testing;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the multi-layer flange structure;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the air supply and water removal device;

[0030] In the figure: 1. Stainless steel body; 2. Upper end cap; 3. Lower end cap; 4. Air supply and drainage device; 5. Multi-layer flange structure; 6. Inner wall; 7. Outer wall; 8. Partition plate; 9. Fluid medium space; 10. Peep window; 11. Fluid medium inlet A; 12. Fluid medium inlet B; 13. Fluid medium inlet C; 14. Fluid medium outlet A; 15. Fluid medium outlet B; 16. Fluid medium outlet C; 17. Lower end manhole; 18. Support seat;

[0031] 501. Flange base; 502. One layer of orifice plate; 503. Instrument hole; 504. Upper manhole; 505. Instrument hole cover plate; 506. Manhole cover plate; 507. Instrument pipe;

[0032] 401. Cylinder body; 402. Air supply hole; 403. Drainage hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present invention will be further described below through the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0034] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, an upper end cap 2 is installed at the upper end of the stainless steel body 1, and a lower end cap 3 is installed at the lower end of the stainless steel body 1. A lower end manhole 17 is installed at the lower end of the stainless steel body 1 to connect the inside and outside of the stainless steel body 1. An air supply and water removal device 4 is installed at the bottom of the lower end cap 3, and a multi-layer flange structure 5 is installed at the top of the upper end cap 2.

[0035] The stainless steel body 1 is cylindrical. Its side wall is a double-layer jacket structure composed of an inner wall 6 and an outer wall 7, and there is a fluid medium space 9 between the inner wall 6 and the outer wall 7. In order to regulate the flow of the fluid in the vertical direction and thus control the temperature of the inner wall 6 in contact with the fluid, a number of circular ring-shaped baffles 8 are evenly installed in the vertical direction between the inner wall 6 and the outer wall 7. In this way, the baffles 8 divide the fluid medium space 9 into several layers evenly in the vertical direction. In this embodiment, 4 baffles 8 are provided, and the number of layers is 3. Among them, 3 baffles 8 are located above the horizontal position of the manhole 17, and the remaining baffle 8 is located below the horizontal position of the manhole 17, so the part that is not a complete circular ring is connected to the outer wall of the manhole 17.

[0036] The outer wall 7 of each layer is processed with a fluid medium inlet and a fluid medium outlet, which are marked as fluid medium inlet A11, fluid medium inlet B12, fluid medium inlet C13, and corresponding fluid medium outlet A14, fluid medium outlet B15, fluid medium outlet C16.

[0037] The fluid in the fluid medium space 9 flows in the layer in which it is located around the inner wall 6 of the stainless steel body 1 along the circumferential direction of the cylindrical cross section circle.

[0038] The fluid medium space 9 between the outer wall 7 and the inner wall 6 is divided into a multi-layer structure by a partition. Compared with the original integral fluid medium space processed outside the inner wall 6, the space is evenly divided in the vertical direction. Since it is divided into independent fluid medium flow spaces, the temperature of each layer of space can be controlled separately. In addition, the installation method of the partition 8 in the horizontal direction is adopted, and the bottom plate of each layer of space is horizontal, which can ensure that the temperature distribution inside the container is evenly layered in the vertical direction, and can more intuitively simulate the actual working conditions.

[0039] In addition, after the fluid medium space 9 is evenly and independently divided by the partition 8, different fluid media can be introduced into each layer. Since different fluid media have different heat transfer capabilities, more complex inner wall temperature distribution conditions can be simulated in the same vertical direction.

[0040] In addition, a heat preservation structure and an electric heating structure may be installed on the outside of the outer wall 7, and the heat preservation structure may be made of nano heat insulation material or silicate heat insulation material.

[0041] In order to control the flow direction of each layer of fluid, achieve stable flow of the medium and facilitate control, the following structural design can be carried out.

[0042] A plurality of guide ribs are fixedly installed on the side of the inner wall 6 facing the fluid medium space 9. The guide ribs are distributed on the outer side of the inner wall 6 in a threaded shape, and the ascending direction of the thread is along the flow direction of the fluid medium.

[0043] A wave structure is processed on the surface of the inner wall 6 facing the fluid medium space 9 .

[0044] The guide ribs or wave structures are arranged in the space along the flow direction of the fluid, so that the fluid can flow more fully and be fully arranged in every corner of the flow space, and the temperature control is more sufficient.

[0045] like Figure 4 As described above, a multi-layer flange structure 5 is installed on the top of the upper head 2, which includes a flange base 501 sealed and installed at the top opening of the upper head 2, and the installation method can be welding. The multi-layer flange structure 5 also includes a layer of orifice plate 502 fixed by bolts on the flange base 501, and a plurality of instrument holes 503 and an upper manhole 504 are processed on the layer of orifice plate 502. An instrument hole cover plate 505 is installed on the instrument hole 503, and a manhole cover plate 506 is installed on the upper manhole 504. In order to facilitate the relevant instruments to extend into the upper head 2 through the manhole 504, an instrument pipe 507 is installed on the manhole cover plate 506.

[0046] like Figure 5As shown, an air supply and dewatering device 4 is installed at the bottom of the lower head 3, and the air supply and dewatering device includes a cylinder 401 welded at the bottom opening of the lower head 3, an air supply hole 402 is installed on the side wall of the cylinder 401, and a drainage port 403 is processed at the lower end of the cylinder 401.

[0047] In order to further fix the entire device, a support seat 10 is installed below the lower head 3.

[0048] like Figure 1 As shown, the pipeline structure of the lower end manhole 17 penetrates the outer wall 7 and the fluid medium space 9 and is directly welded to the outer side of the inner wall 6 of the stainless steel body 1 .

[0049] In order to better observe the test conditions inside the device, a peep window is installed on the side of the stainless steel body 1, and the peep window penetrates the outer wall 7, the fluid medium space 9 and the inner wall 6.

Claims

1. A containment simulation device for aerosol testing, comprising a cylindrical stainless steel body (1), an upper head (2) arranged at the upper end of the stainless steel body (1), and a lower head (3) arranged at the lower end of the stainless steel body, wherein a manhole (17) is arranged at the lower end of one side of the stainless steel body (1), and characterized in that: The side wall of the stainless steel body (1) is a double-layer jacket structure consisting of an inner wall (6) and an outer wall (7); a fluid medium space (9) is provided between the inner wall (6) and the outer wall (7); a plurality of circular baffles (8) are evenly arranged along the horizontal direction between the inner wall (6) and the outer wall (7) in the vertical direction; the baffles (8) evenly divide the fluid medium space (9) into a plurality of layers in the vertical direction; a fluid medium inlet and a fluid medium outlet are processed on the outer wall (7) so that the fluid medium can enter and exit between the fluid medium space (9) and the external connection; A plurality of guide ribs are provided on the side of the inner wall (6) facing the fluid medium space (9), and the guide ribs are distributed on the inner wall (6) in a threaded shape, and the ascending direction of the thread is along the direction of flow of the fluid medium; The top end of the upper head (2) is provided with a flange structure, and the flange structure is provided with an upper end manhole (504) and an instrument hole (503); The flange structure is a multi-layer flange structure (5), comprising a flange base (501) fixed to the top opening of the upper head (2) and a layer of orifice plate (502) fixed to the flange base (501), wherein the layer of orifice plate (502) is provided with an instrument hole (503) and an upper end manhole (504); The instrument hole (503) is provided with an instrument hole cover plate (505), and the upper end manhole (504) is provided with a manhole cover plate (506); The bottom of the lower head (3) is provided with an air supply and water removal device (4), which comprises a cylinder (401) fixedly arranged at the bottom opening of the lower head (3), an air supply hole (402) is arranged on the side wall of the cylinder (401), and a water discharge port (403) is arranged at the lower end of the cylinder (401).

2. A containment simulation device for aerosol testing as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: An instrument pipe (507) is provided on the manhole cover plate (506).

3. A containment simulation device for aerosol testing as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A support seat (10) is fixedly provided below the lower sealing head (3).

4. A containment simulation device for aerosol testing as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A peep window is installed on the side of the stainless steel body (1), and the peep window penetrates the outer wall (7), the fluid medium space (9) and the inner wall (6).

Images