Positive pressure air delivery high speed precision seed metering device

Abstract

The positive pressure air delivery high-speed precision seed metering device belongs to agricultural machinery; a positive pressure air inlet and a seed inlet are opened on the right shell body, an adjusting baffle, a seed metering tube, a driving shaft, an arc-shaped seed return plate, an inoculation tube and a seed holding slot plate are installed on the right shell body, a seed filling and discharging disk with a seed filling and discharging through hole and a seed stirring slot is fixedly installed on the driving shaft through a driving seat, a seed cleaning wheel is equipped on the right shell body through a main shaft A, B and an active frame with active racks A, B and a secondary shaft A, B and a driven frame with driven racks A, B and a connecting plate, a pressure relief wheel and a rod-type seed top wheel are installed on the left shell body provided with an exhaust port, and the left shell body and the right shell body are fixedly installed as a whole; the device adopts a positive pressure airflow to complete the structure of positive pressure forced seed filling, positive pressure airflow forced stirring of seed pile and positive pressure airflow forced seed delivery, which solves the technical problems of negative pressure air suction seed metering devices, has a novel, unique and reasonable structure, low power consumption, high seed filling rate, low missed seeding and hole rate, good seeding uniformity and precise grain spacing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to agricultural machinery, and mainly relates to a positive pressure air delivery type seed metering device. Background Art

[0002] At present, negative pressure air suction type seed metering devices that use the negative pressure air suction principle for seed filling and seed discharge operations have been widely used in agricultural sowing machines and have become an important operating component currently equipped on various large-scale sowing machines. Since the negative pressure air suction type seed metering device is based on the negative pressure air suction principle as the basic theory for research and design, the structure must also adapt to and meet the requirements of this basic theory. However, in the production operation practice, it is found that: ①, the negative pressure air suction type seed metering device requires a large negative pressure suction force when negative pressure seeds are sucked, and the power consumption of the large negative pressure suction force is large, which wastes energy; ②, because the negative pressure airflow is located outside the seed cavity, it has no stirring function for the seeds in the seed cavity, and the seed fluidity is poor, which affects and reduces the negative pressure seed absorption rate, and increases the missed seeding and hole rate; ③, after the negative pressure air suction force is blocked, the seeds adsorbed on the seed suction disc only rely on their own gravity to detach from the seed suction disc, and complete the seed discharge operation in a free fall manner through the seed discharge tube, without the airflow forced seed delivery function, the seed discharge uniformity is poor, and the qualified rate of plant spacing is low. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to address the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, combine with the actual needs of mechanized sowing operations in agricultural production, and study and design a positive pressure air-delivered high-speed precision seeding device. By using positive pressure airflow to fill, stir and transport seeds, the power consumption of seed filling can be reduced, the quality and rate of seed filling can be guaranteed, and the uniformity of seeding and the qualified rate of plant spacing can be improved.

[0004] The purpose of the invention is achieved in this way: a drive shaft is rotatably installed on the center part of the right shell end wall, and a fixed seed filling and discharging disk is axially, circumferentially and radially positioned by a drive seat and a locking nut on the drive shaft and located inside the right shell cavity. A plurality of seed filling and discharging through holes are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction at the same rotation radius of the seed filling and discharging disk, and a plurality of seed stirring grooves having the same number as the plurality of seed filling and discharging through holes are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction and are arranged on the inner side of the seed filling and discharging disk corresponding to the seed filling and discharging through holes one by one. A seed holding groove plate, an arc seed return plate and a receiving plate are respectively installed in the right shell cavity. A seed tube is provided with a positive pressure air inlet and a seed inlet on the right shell end wall, located above the seed slot plate side, respectively; a main shaft A, a main shaft B, a secondary shaft A and a secondary shaft B are rotatably mounted on the right shell end wall, located above the positive pressure air inlet; a driving gear A, a driving gear B, a driven gear A and a driven gear B are fixed on the main shaft A, the main shaft B, the secondary shaft A and the secondary shaft B, respectively; the driving gear A is meshed with the driving gear B, the driven gear A is meshed with the driven gear B, and a gear with a driving rack A and a driving rack B is mounted on the outside of the driving gear A and the driving gear B. The active frame, the active gear A and the active gear B are meshed with the active rack A and the active rack B respectively, and a driven frame with a driven rack A and a driven rack is mounted on the outside of the driven gear A and the driven gear B, and the driven gear A and the driven gear B are meshed with the driven rack A and the driven rack B respectively. The two ends of the connecting plate are respectively fixed to the active frame and the driven frame, and a plurality of seed cleaning wheels are installed on the connecting plate, and the seed cleaning wheels cooperate with the seed filling and discharging through hole ports on the inner side of the seed filling and discharging disk, and a seed cleaning adjustment knob is fixed on the outer end of the main shaft A, and a seed cleaning adjustment knob is fixed on the main shaft A. An adjustable baffle is movably inserted on the outer wall surface of the right shell end wall, located on the outer side of the seed inlet, and the seed discharge tube fixedly mounted on the outer wall surface of the right shell end wall is connected to the inoculation tube; an exhaust port is opened on the left shell end wall, and a rod-type seed pusher and a pressure relief wheel are respectively installed on the inner wall surface of the left shell end wall. The left shell and the right shell are relatively fixed as a whole, and the pressure relief wheel and the seed filling and discharge through hole ports on the outer side surface of the seed filling and discharge disk are contacted and closed with each other in turn, and the push rod on the rod-type seed pusher wheel is inserted into the seed filling and discharge through hole on the seed filling and discharge disk in turn, thereby forming a positive pressure air-conveying high-speed precision seeding device.

[0005] The invention adopts positive pressure airflow positive blowing pressure to complete positive pressure forced filling of seeds on the seed filling and discharging tray, forced stirring of seeds in the seed trough plate, and forced delivery of seeds discharged from the seed discharging pipe, thereby solving the technical problems existing in the existing negative pressure air suction type seed metering device, and having the characteristics of novel, unique and reasonable structure, low operation power consumption, high seed filling rate, low missed seeding rate and hole rate, good seed discharging uniformity and precise grain spacing, and providing a model with a new mechanism and new structure for the pneumatic seed metering device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0006] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of the overall structure of a positive pressure air-conveying high-speed precision seed metering device;

[0007] Figure 2 It is a two-dimensional view of a positive pressure air-conveying high-speed precision seed metering device;

[0008] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A-A sectional view;

[0009] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 B-B sectional view;

[0010] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 Left view of

[0011] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 C-C section view;

[0012] Figure 7 yes Figure 3 D-D section view;

[0013] Figure 8 yes Figure 3 E-E sectional view;

[0014] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the seed filling and discharging tray;

[0015] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the seed cleaning wheel assembly structure.

[0016] Description of part numbers in the figure:

[0017] 1. Exhaust port, 2. Rod-type top seed wheel, 3. Pressure relief wheel, 4. Seed filling and discharging plate, 5. Drive seat, 6. Inoculation tube, 7. Drive shaft, 8. Arc seed return plate, 9. Right housing, 10. Driven gear A, 11. Positive pressure air inlet, 12. Adjustment baffle, 13. Seed cleaning adjustment knob, 14. Driving gear A, 15. Seed inlet, 16. Seed cleaning wheel, 17. Locking nut, 18. Left housing, 1 9. Seed tube, 20. Seed trough plate, 21. Driven frame, 22. Seed filling hole, 23. Active frame, 24. Connecting plate, 25. Active gear B, 26. Driven gear B, 27. Seed stirring trough, 28. Main shaft A, 29. Main shaft B, 30. Sub-shaft A, 31. Sub-shaft B, 32. Active rack A, 33. Active rack B, 34. Driven rack A, 35. Driven rack B. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following is a detailed description of the implementation scheme of the invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. A positive pressure air delivery high-speed precision seed metering device, a drive shaft 7 is rotatably installed on the center of the right shell 9 end wall, a fixed seed filling and discharging disk 4 is axially, circumferentially and radially positioned on the drive shaft 7 and located inside the right shell 9 cavity by a drive seat 5 and a locking nut 17, a plurality of seed filling and discharging through holes 22 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction on the same rotation radius of the seed filling and discharging disk 4, a plurality of seed stirring grooves 27 with the same number as the plurality of seed filling and discharging through holes 22 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction and are arranged on the inner side of the seed filling and discharging disk 4 corresponding to the seed filling and discharging through holes 22 one by one, a seed holding groove plate 20, an arc seed return plate 8 and an inoculation tube 6 are respectively installed in the right shell 9 cavity, and a seed filling and discharging disk 4 is fixed on the right shell 9 end wall. A positive pressure air inlet 11 and a seed inlet 15 are respectively provided on the upper part of the seed trough plate 20, and a main shaft A28, a main shaft B29, a secondary shaft A30 and a secondary shaft B31 are rotatably installed on the end wall of the right housing 9 and located above the positive pressure air inlet 11. A driving gear A14, a driving gear B25, a driven gear A10 and a driven gear B26 are respectively fixed on the main shaft A28, the main shaft B29, the secondary shaft A30 and the secondary shaft B31. The driving gear A14 is meshed with the driving gear B25, and the driven gear A10 is meshed with the driven gear B26. A driving rack A32, a driving rack B33 and a driving rack B34 are mounted on the outside of the driving gear A14 and the driving gear B25. The driving frame 23 of the driving rack B33, the driving gear A14 and the driving gear B25 are respectively meshed with the driving rack A32 and the driving rack B33, and the driven frame 21 with the driven rack A34 and the driven rack 35 is mounted on the outside of the driven gear A10 and the driven gear B26, and the driven gear A10 and the driven gear B26 are respectively meshed with the driven rack A34 and the driven rack B35, and the two ends of the connecting plate 24 are respectively fixed to the driving frame 23 and the driven frame 21, and a plurality of seed cleaning wheels 16 are installed on the connecting plate 24, and the seed cleaning wheels 16 cooperate with the ports of the seed filling and discharging through holes 22 on the inner side of the seed filling and discharging disk 4. A seed clearing adjustment knob 13 is fixedly mounted on the outer end portion of the shaft A28, and an adjustment baffle 12 is movably inserted and pulled out on the outer wall surface of the end wall of the right shell body 9, located at the outer side of the seed inlet 15, and the seed discharge tube 19 fixedly mounted on the outer wall surface of the end wall of the right shell body 9 is connected with the inoculation tube 6; an exhaust port 1 is provided on the end wall of the left shell body 18, and a rod-type seeding wheel 2 and a pressure relief wheel 3 are respectively mounted on the inner wall surface of the end wall of the left shell body 18, and the left shell body 18 and the right shell body 9 are fixedly mounted relatively as a whole, and the pressure relief wheel 3 and the seed charging and discharging through hole 22 ports on the outer side surface of the seed charging and discharging disk 4 are contacted and closed with each other in turn, and the top rod on the rod-type seeding wheel 2 is inserted and matched with the seed charging and discharging through hole 22 on the seed charging and discharging disk 4 in turn.

[0019] During the seed filling and discharging operation, the seeds are filled into the seed holding slot plate 20 from the seed inlet 15 on the right shell body 9, and the positive pressure airflow is input into the chamber formed by the left shell body 18 and the right shell body 9 from the positive pressure air inlet 11. The positive pressure airflow blows and disturbs the seeds in the seed holding slot plate 20, and blows the seeds to the inner ports of some seed filling and discharging holes 22 on the seed filling and discharging disk 4. Part of the positive pressure airflow passes through the seed filling and discharging holes 22 that are not filled with seeds and is discharged into the atmosphere through the exhaust port 1 on the left shell body 18. At this time, negative air pressure is formed in the shell cavity on the outer side of the seed filling and discharging disk 4. The negative air pressure generates negative pressure suction on the seeds filled on the inner ends of the seed filling and discharging holes 22 on the seed filling and discharging disk 4. The dual effects of positive pressure thrust and negative pressure suction are achieved. The filling of seeds is more stable and the filling efficiency is higher. At the same time, the driving shaft 7 driven by the external power drives the seed filling and discharging disk 4 to rotate clockwise through the driving seat 5. After the excess seeds are removed by the seed cleaning wheel 16, the pressure relief wheel 3 cuts off the airflow channel from the outer port of the seed filling and discharging through hole 22 on the seed filling and discharging disk 4, and closes the seed filling and discharging through hole 22. After the pressure of the seeds is relieved, the seeds enter the seed discharging tube 19 through the inoculation tube 6 under the action of their own weight. The seeds are quickly and evenly discharged to the land in sequence under the forced blowing of the partial positive pressure airflow entering the seed discharging tube 19, reducing and avoiding the collision and friction between the seeds and the inner wall of the seed discharging tube 19 during the seed discharging process, and completing high-quality and efficient seed filling and discharging operations. The rod-type seed ejecting wheel 2 inserted into the seed filling and discharging through hole 22 can smoothly and reliably eject the seeds clamped in the seed filling and discharging through hole 22, avoiding the occurrence of seed jamming, and eliminating leakage and holes. The arc seed return plate 8 can accurately return the excess seeds removed by the seed cleaning wheel 16 to the inside of the seed filling slot plate 20. Pulling and adjusting the baffle plate 12 on the right shell 9 can change the opening size of the seed inlet 15 to adjust the seed feeding amount. Turn the seed cleaning adjustment knob 13 by hand, and under the drive of the active gear A14, the active gear B25, the active rack A32, the active rack B33 and the driven rack A34, the driven rack B35, the driven gear A10, and the driven gear B26, the active frame 23 and the driven frame 21 are synchronously moved in the same direction on the inner wall of the right shell 9, and the seed cleaning wheel 16 on it is driven to move through the connecting plate 24, and the relative position of the seed cleaning wheel 16 and the seed filling and discharging through hole 22 is adjusted to adapt to the use needs of different seed cleaning operations. The seed stirring groove 27 on the seed filling and discharging disk 4 can mechanically stir the seeds in the seed filling slot plate 20, assist the positive pressure airflow to improve the fluidity of the seeds, so as to achieve the effect of improving and ensuring the seed filling rate.

Claims

1. A positive pressure air delivery high speed precision seed metering device, characterized in that A drive shaft (7) is rotatably mounted on the center of the end wall of the right housing (9); a seed filling and discharging disk (4) is fixedly mounted on the drive shaft (7) and positioned axially, circumferentially and radially at a position inside the cavity of the right housing (9) through a drive seat (5) and a locking nut (17); a plurality of seed filling and discharging through holes (22) are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction at the same rotation radius of the seed filling and discharging disk (4); and a plurality of seed stirring grooves (27) having the same number as the plurality of seed filling and discharging through holes (22) are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction and are aligned with the plurality of seed filling and discharging through holes. (22) are arranged one by one on the inner side of the seed filling and discharging disk (4); a seed holding slot plate (20), an arc-shaped seed return plate (8) and an inoculation tube (6) are respectively installed in the cavity of the right shell (9); a positive pressure air inlet (11) and a seed inlet (15) are respectively provided on the end wall of the right shell (9) at a position above the side of the seed holding slot plate (20); a main shaft A (28) and a main shaft B (29), a secondary shaft A (30) and a secondary shaft B (31) are respectively rotatably installed on the end wall of the right shell (9) at a position above the positive pressure air inlet (11); A driving gear A (14), a driving gear B (25), a driven gear A (10), and a driven gear B (26) are fixedly mounted on the countershafts A (29), the countershafts A (30), and the countershafts B (31), respectively. The driving gear A (14) is meshed with the driving gear B (25), and the driven gear A (10) is meshed with the driven gear B (26). A driving rack A (32) is mounted on the outside of the driving gear A (14) and the driving gear B (25). A driving frame (23) having a driven rack (34) and a driven rack (33), wherein the driving gear A (14) and the driving gear B (25) are respectively meshed with the driving rack A (32) and the driving rack B (33), and a driven frame (21) having a driven rack A (34) and a driven rack B (35) is mounted on the outside of the driven gear A (10) and the driven gear B (26), wherein the driven gear A (10) and the driven gear B (26) are respectively meshed with the driven rack A (32) and the driven rack B (33). The active rack A (34) and the driven rack B (35) are meshed with each other, and the two ends of the connecting plate (24) are respectively fixedly connected to the active frame (23) and the driven frame (21). A plurality of seed clearing wheels (16) are mounted on the connecting plate (24), and the seed clearing wheels (16) cooperate with the ports of the seed filling and discharging through holes (22) on the inner side of the seed filling and discharging disk (4). A seed clearing adjustment knob (13) is fixedly mounted on the outer end of the main shaft A (28), and a seed clearing adjustment knob (13) is mounted on the right housing (9). An adjusting baffle (12) is inserted and retracted on the outer wall surface of the end wall, located outside the seed inlet (15), and is connected to the inoculation tube (6) by a seed discharge tube (19) fixedly mounted on the outer wall surface of the end wall of the right shell (9). An exhaust port (1) is provided on the end wall of the left shell (18), and a rod-type seeding wheel (2) and a pressure relief wheel (3) are respectively mounted on the inner wall surface of the end wall of the left shell (18). The left shell (18) and the right shell (9) are fixedly mounted relatively to each other as a whole.The pressure relief wheel (3) and the seed filling and discharging through hole (22) on the outer side of the seed filling and discharging disk (4) are contacted and sealed in sequence, and the top rod on the rod-type seeding wheel (2) is inserted and matched with the seed filling and discharging through hole (22) on the seed filling and discharging disk (4).

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