A dual-mode automatic casting machine for rotating a 90° cast aluminum piston blank and its usage method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a dual-mode automatic casting machine for rotating a 90° cast aluminum piston blank and a method for using the same, belonging to the technical field of piston casting. The device includes a pouring system, a workpiece picking manipulator, a joint pouring robot, a hydraulic system, an electrical operating system, and a quenching and cooling tank. Among them, the pouring system is arranged on the ground. The workpiece picking manipulator is arranged on the ground on one side of the pouring system. The joint pouring robot is arranged on the opposite side of the pouring system. The joint pouring robot extracts molten aluminum and pours it into the pouring system. The quenching and cooling tank is arranged on one side of the workpiece picking manipulator. The workpiece picking manipulator clamps the piston blank poured out of the pouring system and transports it to the quenching and cooling tank. The pouring system is connected to the hydraulic system. The hydraulic system, the workpiece picking manipulator, and the joint pouring robot are all connected to the electrical operating system. The overall operation of the present invention is automated, improving production efficiency and the mechanical properties and heat-resistant fatigue properties of the piston blank.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a dual-mode automatic casting machine for rotating 90° to pour aluminum piston blanks and a using method thereof, belonging to the technical field of piston casting. Background Art

[0002] As the explosion pressure of the engine exceeds 20 MPa and the gas temperature exceeds 400 °C, the high-temperature and high-pressure working environment poses more stringent requirements on internal combustion engines. The improvement of the overall performance of internal combustion engines mainly depends on the improvement of key components. As the heart part of the internal combustion engine, the piston plays a crucial role in the entire engine working process and exhaust emissions.

[0003] At present, the piston casting machines on the market mainly include a machine body, an electrical system, a hydraulic system, and a cooling system. The pouring mode is that the operator manually pours molten aluminum, manually takes the piston blank for quenching and cooling, and then takes out the piston blank from the quenching tank and places it in a frame. The frequent operations result in high labor intensity of workers, low production efficiency, and low product yield. Moreover, the central area of the top surface of the head of the cast piston blank, that is, the combustion chamber area, is thick and large, which makes the cooling of the piston blank head slow, the formed crystal grain structure coarse, and the metallographic structure poor, affecting the mechanical properties and heat-resistant fatigue properties of the piston.

[0004] Chinese patent document CN109332668B discloses a piston automatic casting process, including steps of installing a filter screen, pressing a salt core, installing an insert ring, closing the mold for casting, and taking out the part. Each step is completed by a piston automatic casting device. This process can only pour out one piston blank at a time, with low production efficiency, and cannot solve the technical problems of slow cooling of the piston blank head, coarse formed crystal grain structure, and poor metallographic structure. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a dual-mode automatic casting machine for rotating 90° to pour aluminum piston blanks, with overall automated operation, which improves production efficiency. After tilting 90°, the piston blank is poured, enabling the molten aluminum to be poured by inertia under the action of gravity. The molten aluminum fills the pouring cavity from bottom to top, avoiding the influence of air gaps in plane pouring and preventing the generation of pores. At the same time, the feeding position of the piston blank is adjusted to the side, avoiding affecting the performance of the piston combustion chamber, making the crystal grain structure of the cast piston blank fine, the metallographic structure good, avoiding the appearance of pores and sand holes, and improving the mechanical properties and heat-resistant fatigue properties of the piston blank.

[0006] The present invention also provides a using method of the above-mentioned dual-mode automatic casting machine for rotating 90° to pour aluminum piston blanks.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0008] A double-mode automatic casting machine for rotating a 90° cast aluminum piston blank, comprising a pouring system, a workpiece picking manipulator, a joint pouring robot, a hydraulic system, an electrical operating system, and a quenching and cooling tank. Among them,

[0009] The pouring system is arranged on the ground. The workpiece picking manipulator is arranged on the ground on one side of the pouring system, and the joint pouring robot is arranged on the opposite side of the pouring system. The joint pouring robot extracts molten aluminum and pours it into the pouring system. The quenching and cooling tank is arranged on one side of the workpiece picking manipulator. The workpiece picking manipulator clamps the piston blank poured out by the pouring system and transports it to the quenching and cooling tank. The pouring system is connected to the hydraulic system, and the hydraulic system, the workpiece picking manipulator, and the joint pouring robot are all connected to the electrical operating system.

[0010] Preferably, the pouring system includes a frame and a workbench. Two workbenches are hydraulically installed on the frame through rotating shafts respectively. A first mold and a second mold are arranged on the two workbenches respectively. The two sides of the first mold are respectively connected to the outer mold cylinders through brackets. The lower side of the first mold is connected to the core telescopic cylinder through a cylindrical guide rail. The two sides of the second mold are respectively connected to the outer mold cylinders through brackets. The lower side of the second mold is connected to the core telescopic cylinder through a cylindrical guide rail. A top mold clamping device is arranged on the upper sides of the first mold and the second mold.

[0011] Further preferably, the first mold includes an upper mold, a lower mold, a left mold, and a right mold. The left mold and the right mold are respectively connected to the outer mold cylinders through brackets. An upper mold is arranged on the upper sides of the left mold and the right mold. A pressing cylinder is arranged on the bracket. The pressing cylinder is connected to a compression column through a positioning plate. The telescopic movement of the pressing cylinder drives the compression column to protrude, and the upper mold is fixed by pressing the upper mold with the compression column. The lower mold is connected to the core telescopic cylinder through a cylindrical guide rail. The shape of the pouring cavity after the upper mold, the lower mold, the left mold, and the right mold are closed is the shape of the piston. The second mold has the same structure as the first mold and is symmetrically arranged. During use, the two workbenches are symmetrically flipped, saving occupied space.

[0012] Preferably, cooling water channels are respectively arranged in the first mold and the second mold, and cooling water is introduced to cool down, accelerating the cooling of the blank. Cooling water channels are arranged in the brackets to prevent heat from being conducted to the frame and the cylinders, affecting the service life. Flow sensors and solenoid valves are arranged in the external pipelines of the cooling water channels to control the flow and time of the introduced cooling water, ensuring uniform cooling of each part.

[0013] Preferably, linear guide rails are respectively arranged on the workbenches on both sides of the left mold and the right mold, and L-shaped pressing plates are arranged on the linear guide rails to limit the left mold and the right mold, enabling them to reciprocate along the linear guide rails.

[0014] Preferably, a gate is provided on one side of the upper mold. The gate is connected to the casting cavity through a vertical runner and a horizontal runner. The horizontal runner extends through the upper mold to the left mold. A feeding gate is provided on one side inside the casting cavity. The feeding gate is symmetrically arranged with the inlet where the molten aluminum enters the casting cavity, making the casting more stable. The solidification position of the piston after casting is at the contact surfaces of the horizontal runner and the feeding gate with the piston, rather than in the combustion chamber at the top of the piston, accelerating the cooling rate at the top of the piston, making the grain structure fine and the metallographic structure good.

[0015] Preferably, salt core support rods are provided on the lower mold to support the salt core through the salt core support rods, preventing the salt core from shifting during the movement with the gating system.

[0016] Preferably, a suction device is provided on the frame. The suction device is connected to the salt core support rod to absorb the gas generated by the heating of the salt core through the suction device, reducing the porosity of the piston blank.

[0017] Preferably, a groove is provided at the connection of the top surfaces of the left mold and the right mold, and an iron ring is provided in the groove.

[0018] Preferably, the top mold clamping device includes a bracket, a cylindrical guide rail for the up-and-down movement of the top mold, a carriage, an up-and-down oil cylinder for the top mold, a cylindrical guide rail for the forward-and-back movement of the top mold, a forward-and-back oil cylinder for the top mold, a fixed seat, and a pneumatic finger A. A cylindrical guide rail for the forward-and-back movement of the top mold is provided on the upper side of the bracket. One side of the cylindrical guide rail for the forward-and-back movement of the top mold is connected to the forward-and-back oil cylinder for the top mold, and the other side is connected to the carriage. A cylindrical guide rail for the up-and-down movement of the top mold is provided on the carriage. One end of the cylindrical guide rail for the up-and-down movement of the top mold is connected to the up-and-down oil cylinder for the top mold. A sliding plate is provided on the cylindrical guide rail for the up-and-down movement of the top mold. The sliding plate is driven to move up and down through the cylindrical guide rail for the up-and-down movement of the top mold. A fixed seat is provided on the sliding plate. The lower side of the fixed seat is connected to the pneumatic finger A through a sliding pin shaft, and a compression spring is sleeved on the sliding pin shaft. The upper mold is clamped by the pneumatic finger A.

[0019] Preferably, positioning disks are respectively provided on the workbenches at the middle positions of the left mold and the right mold. Positioning pins are respectively provided on the inner and outer sides of the positioning disks. The inner positioning pins are matched to fix the lower mold, and the outer positioning pins are matched to fix the left mold and the right mold. Positioning columns are respectively provided on both sides of the lower end surface of the upper mold. Positioning holes corresponding to the positions of the positioning columns are provided on the left mold and the right mold. The upper mold is positioned through the positioning columns. The positions of the upper mold, the lower mold, the left mold, and the right mold are corrected through the positioning disks to ensure accurate positions and improve the product quality.

[0020] Preferably, the workpiece taking manipulator includes a workpiece taking base. A guide rail is provided inside the workpiece taking base. The guide rail passes through the workpiece taking base upward and is connected to a lifting platform. A feeding oil cylinder is provided at the upper end of the workpiece taking base. The feeding oil cylinder is connected to the lifting platform. A rotating arm A is provided on the lifting platform. The rotating arm A is connected to a motor. A pneumatic finger B is provided on the rotating arm A. The pneumatic finger B is connected to a gripper. The gripper is driven by the pneumatic finger B to clamp the piston blank.

[0021] Preferably, the joint pouring robot includes a pouring base, a rotating base is arranged on the pouring base, a rotating arm B is arranged on the rotating base, two ladles are connected to the rotating arm B, the rotating arm B bends to extract molten aluminum and then the rotating base rotates, moving the ladles above the gates of the first mold and the second mold, and the rotating arm B tilts to pour the molten aluminum into the first mold and the second mold.

[0022] Further preferably, a temperature detection rod and a liquid level detection rod are respectively arranged on the rotating arm B between the two ladles. The temperature detection rod detects the temperature of the molten aluminum in the molten aluminum furnace. If the temperature is too high or too low, the robot stops working to avoid affecting the quality of the piston blank. The liquid level detection rod is used to detect the relative height of the liquid level of the molten aluminum in the molten aluminum furnace. As the blanks are continuously poured, the liquid level height of the molten aluminum in the molten aluminum furnace drops, and the height of the rotating arm B extending into the molten aluminum furnace is adjusted to ensure that the weight of the molten aluminum extracted by each ladle is equal.

[0023] Preferably, the quenching and cooling tank includes a quenching support, a water tank, a lifting cylinder and a quenching support plate. The water tank is arranged on the quenching support, lifting cylinders are arranged on both sides of the water tank, and the quenching support plate is arranged in the water tank. The quenching support plate is a Z-shaped plate, one side is arranged in the water tank for placing the piston blank, and the other side is closely attached to the water tank and arranged above the lifting cylinder, so that it is convenient to observe and extract the piston blank through the lifting cylinder and the support plate.

[0024] The usage method of the above-mentioned double-mode automatic casting machine for rotating 90° to pour aluminum piston blanks is as follows:

[0025] (1) Start the electrical operating system and the hydraulic system, close the first mold and the second mold. A salt core and an iron ring are respectively arranged in the first mold and the second mold, and then the two workbenches are symmetrically tilted 90° to make the gates face upward.

[0026] (2) The joint pouring robot inserts the ladles into the molten aluminum furnace through the rotating arm B. The rotating arm B drives the ladles to rotate and extract the molten aluminum, and then the ladles pour the molten aluminum into the pouring cavities of the first mold and the second mold respectively.

[0027] (3) After pouring, water is passed through the first mold and the second mold for cooling. Then the picking manipulator takes out the piston blank, tilts the piston blank 90° so that the head of the piston blank is upward and the skirt is downward, and places it in the quenching and cooling tank for cooling. After quenching treatment, the piston blank is placed in the blank frame to complete the casting of the piston blank.

[0028] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0029] 1. The overall automated operation of the present invention improves production efficiency. After tilting 90°, the piston blank is poured, enabling the molten aluminum to be poured by inertia under the action of gravity. The molten aluminum fills the pouring cavity from bottom to top, avoiding the influence of air gaps in flat pouring and preventing the generation of pores. At the same time, the feeding position of the piston blank is adjusted to the side, avoiding affecting the performance of the piston combustion chamber, making the crystal grain structure of the cast piston blank fine and the metallographic structure good, avoiding the appearance of pores and sand holes, and improving the mechanical properties and heat-resistant fatigue properties of the piston blank.

[0030] 2. The present invention is provided with an air suction device, which is connected to the salt core support rod. The gas generated by the salt core when heated is absorbed through the air suction device, reducing the porosity of the piston blank.

[0031] 3. The present invention is provided with a temperature detection rod and a liquid level detection rod. The temperature detection rod detects the temperature of the molten aluminum in the molten aluminum furnace. If the temperature is too high or too low, the robot stops working to avoid affecting the quality of the piston blank. The liquid level detection rod is used to detect the relative height of the liquid level of the molten aluminum in the molten aluminum furnace. As the blank is continuously poured, the liquid level height of the molten aluminum in the molten aluminum furnace decreases, and the height of the rotating arm extending into the molten aluminum furnace is adjusted to ensure that the weight of the molten aluminum extracted by each ladle is equal. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 is a top view of the structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the pouring system of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the pouring state of the pouring system of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the opened pouring system of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the workbench of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the top die clamping device of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the middle core telescopic oil cylinder of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the picking manipulator of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 10 is a schematic structural diagram of the articulated pouring robot of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 11 Schematic structural diagram of the quenching and cooling box of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 12 Schematic structural diagram of the first mold of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 13 Schematic partial structural diagram of the first mold of the present invention;

[0045] Wherein: 1, pouring system; 2, quenching and cooling box; 3, electrical operating system; 4, piston blank; 5, workpiece taking manipulator; 6, articulated pouring robot; 7, hydraulic system; 8, frame; 9, workbench; 10, first mold; 11, second mold; 12, bracket; 13, outer mold oil cylinder; 14, core telescopic oil cylinder; 15, upper mold; 16, lower mold; 17, left mold; 18, right mold; 19, pressing oil cylinder; 20, positioning plate; 21, compression column; 22, linear guide rail; 23, pressing plate; 24, gate; 25, vertical runner; 26, horizontal runner; 27, feeding gate; 28, salt core support rod; 29, suction device; 30, groove; 31, top mold clamping device; 32, support; 33, cylindrical guide rail for top mold up and down movement; 34, carriage; 35, top mold up and down oil cylinder; 36, cylindrical guide rail for top mold in and out movement; 37, top mold in and out oil cylinder; 38, fixed seat; 39, pneumatic finger A; 40, slide plate; 41, sliding pin shaft; 42, compression spring; 43, positioning disk; 44, positioning pin; 45, positioning column; 46, positioning hole; 47, workpiece taking base; 48, guide rail; 49, lifting platform; 50, feeding oil cylinder; 51, swing arm A; 52, motor; 53, pneumatic finger B; 54, gripper; 55, pouring base; 56, rotating base; 57, swing arm B; 58, ladle; 59, quenching support; 60, water tank; 61, lifting cylinder; 62, quenching pallet; 63, hydraulic motor; 64, slag removal tank; 65, holding furnace; 66, aluminizing furnace; 67, blank frame. Specific embodiments

[0046] The present invention will be further described below by way of examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but is not limited thereto.

[0047] Example 1:

[0048] As Figures 1-13 shown, this embodiment provides a double-mode automatic casting machine for pouring aluminum piston blanks by rotating 90°, including a pouring system 1, a workpiece taking manipulator 5, an articulated pouring robot 6, a hydraulic system 7, an electrical operating system 3 and a quenching and cooling box 2, wherein,

[0049] The pouring system 1 is set on the ground. A workpiece taking manipulator 5 is set on the ground on one side of the pouring system 1, and a joint pouring robot 6 is set on the opposite side of the pouring system 1. The joint pouring robot 6 extracts molten aluminum and pours it into the pouring system. A quenching and cooling tank 2 is set on one side of the workpiece taking manipulator 5. The workpiece taking manipulator 5 clamps the piston blank poured out by the pouring system and moves it to the quenching and cooling tank. The pouring system 1 is connected to a hydraulic system 7, and the hydraulic system, the workpiece taking manipulator, and the joint pouring robot are all connected to an electrical operating system.

[0050] The pouring system includes a frame 8 and a workbench 9. The two workbenches 9 are respectively installed on the frame 8 through a rotating shaft and a hydraulic motor 63. The rotating shaft is driven to rotate by the hydraulic motor 63, and then the workbench is driven to rotate. A first mold 10 and a second mold 11 are respectively set on the two workbenches 9. Both sides of the first mold 10 are respectively connected to an outer mold oil cylinder 13 through a bracket 12. The lower side of the first mold 10 is connected to a core telescopic oil cylinder 14 through a cylindrical guide rail. Both sides of the second mold 11 are respectively connected to an outer mold oil cylinder through a bracket. The lower side of the second mold is connected to a core telescopic oil cylinder through a cylindrical guide rail. A top mold clamping device is set on the upper sides of the first mold and the second mold.

[0051] The first mold 10 includes an upper mold 15, a lower mold 16, a left mold 17, and a right mold 18. The left mold 17 and the right mold 18 are respectively connected to the outer mold oil cylinder 13 through a bracket 12. The upper mold 15 is set on the upper sides of the left mold 17 and the right mold 18. A pressing oil cylinder 19 is set on the bracket. The pressing oil cylinder 19 is connected to a compression column 21 through a positioning plate 20. The pressing oil cylinder 19 extends and retracts to drive the compression column 21 to protrude, and the upper mold is fixed by pressing the upper mold with the compression column 21. The lower mold 16 is connected to the core telescopic oil cylinder 14 through a cylindrical guide rail. The shape of the pouring cavity after the upper mold, the lower mold, the left mold, and the right mold are closed is the outer shape of the piston. The second mold has the same structure as the first mold and is symmetrically set. When in use, the two workbenches are symmetrically flipped, saving occupied space.

[0052] Cooling water channels are respectively set in the first mold 10 and the second mold 11, and the temperature is reduced by introducing cooling water to accelerate the cooling of the blank. Cooling water channels are set in the bracket to prevent heat from being conducted to the frame and the oil cylinder, affecting the service life. A flow sensor and a solenoid valve are set in the external pipeline of the cooling water channel to control the flow rate and time of the introduced cooling water, ensuring uniform cooling of each part.

[0053] Linear guide rails 22 are respectively set on the workbenches on both sides of the left mold 17 and the right mold 18. An L-shaped pressing plate 23 is set on the linear guide rail 22 to limit the left mold 17 and the right mold 18, so that they reciprocate along the linear guide rail.

[0054] A gate 24 is set on one side of the upper mold 15. The gate 24 is connected to the pouring cavity through a vertical runner 25 and a horizontal runner 26. Figures 12-13The gate extension part is omitted. The horizontal runner extends to the left mold through the upper mold. A riser 27 is arranged on one side of the pouring cavity. The riser 27 is symmetrically arranged with the inlet where the molten aluminum enters the pouring cavity, making the pouring more stable. The solidification position of the piston after pouring is at the contact surface between the horizontal runner and the riser and the piston, and will not appear in the combustion chamber at the top of the piston, accelerating the cooling rate at the top of the piston, making the grain structure fine and the metallographic structure good.

[0055] A salt core support rod 28 is arranged on the lower mold 16. The salt core is supported by the salt core support rod 28 to prevent the salt core from shifting during the movement along with the gating system.

[0056] A groove 30 is arranged at the connection of the top surfaces of the left mold 17 and the right mold 18. An iron ring is arranged in the groove 30 to fix the salt core and the piston blank through the iron ring.

[0057] Positioning disks 43 are respectively arranged on the workbenches at the middle positions of the left mold 17 and the right mold 18. Positioning pins 44 are respectively arranged on the inner and outer sides of the positioning disks 43. The inner positioning pins are matched and fixed to the lower mold, and the outer positioning pins are matched and fixed to the left mold and the right mold. Positioning columns 45 are respectively arranged on both sides of the lower end surface of the upper mold. Positioning holes 46 corresponding to the positions of the positioning columns 45 are arranged on the left mold and the right mold. The upper mold is positioned through the positioning columns 45. The positions of the upper mold, the lower mold, the left mold and the right mold are corrected through the positioning disks to ensure accurate positions and improve the product quality.

[0058] The picking manipulator 5 includes a picking base 47. A guide rail 48 is arranged in the picking base 47. The guide rail 48 passes through the picking base upward and is connected to a lifting platform 49. A feed oil cylinder 50 is arranged at the upper end of the picking base 47. The feed oil cylinder 50 is connected to the lifting platform. A rotating arm A 51 is arranged on the lifting platform 49. The rotating arm A 51 is connected to a motor 52. A pneumatic finger B 53 is arranged on the rotating arm A 51. The pneumatic finger B 53 is connected to a gripper 54. The gripper is driven by the pneumatic finger B 53 to clamp the piston blank 4. The rotating arm A and the pneumatic finger B are commercially available and commonly used products.

[0059] The articulated pouring robot includes a pouring base 55. A rotating base 56 is arranged on the pouring base 55. A rotating arm B 57 is arranged on the rotating base 56. Two ladles 58 are connected to the rotating arm B 57. After the rotating arm B bends to extract the molten aluminum, the rotating base rotates to move the ladle above the gates of the first mold and the second mold. The rotating arm B tilts to pour the molten aluminum into the first mold and the second mold. A slag removal box 64 is arranged on the lower side of the articulated pouring robot.

[0060] The usage method of the above double-mode automatic casting machine for casting aluminum piston blanks by rotating 90° is as follows:

[0061] (1) The electrical operating system and the hydraulic system are started, the first mold and the second mold are closed, a salt core and an iron ring are respectively arranged in the first mold and the second mold, and then the two workbenches are symmetrically tilted 90°, making the gate face upward.

[0062] (2) The articulated pouring robot inserts the ladle into the molten aluminum furnace through the rotating arm B. The rotating arm B drives the ladle to rotate and extract the molten aluminum, and then the ladle pours the molten aluminum into the pouring cavities of the first mold and the second mold respectively.

[0063] (3) After pouring, the first mold and the second mold are cooled by passing water through them. Then, the workpiece taking manipulator takes out the piston blank, tilts the piston blank 90°, making the head of the piston blank upward and the skirt downward, and places it in the quenching cooling box for cooling. After quenching treatment, the piston blank is placed in the blank frame 67 to complete the casting of the piston blank.

[0064] Example 2:

[0065] A double - mold automatic casting machine for pouring aluminum piston blanks by rotating 90° has the structure as described in Example 1. The difference is that an air suction device 29 is arranged on the frame 8. The air suction device 29 is connected to the salt core support rod to absorb the gas generated by the salt core when heated, reducing the porosity of the piston blank.

[0066] Example 3:

[0067] A double - mold automatic casting machine for pouring aluminum piston blanks by rotating 90° has the structure as described in Example 1. The difference is that the top - mold clamping device 31 includes a bracket 32, a cylindrical guide rail for the up - and - down movement of the top - mold 33, a drag plate 34, a top - mold up - and - down oil cylinder 35, a cylindrical guide rail for the forward - and - backward movement of the top - mold 36, a top - mold forward - and - backward oil cylinder 37, a fixed seat 38, and a pneumatic finger A39. A cylindrical guide rail for the forward - and - backward movement of the top - mold is arranged on the upper side of the bracket. One side of the cylindrical guide rail for the forward - and - backward movement of the top - mold is connected to the top - mold forward - and - backward oil cylinder, and the other side is connected to the drag plate. A cylindrical guide rail for the up - and - down movement of the top - mold is arranged on the drag plate. One end of the cylindrical guide rail for the up - and - down movement of the top - mold is connected to the top - mold up - and - down oil cylinder. A sliding plate 40 is arranged on the cylindrical guide rail for the up - and - down movement of the top - mold. The sliding plate 40 is driven to move up and down by the cylindrical guide rail for the up - and - down movement of the top - mold. A fixed seat is arranged on the sliding plate. The lower side of the fixed seat is connected to the pneumatic finger A39 through a sliding pin shaft 41, and a compression spring 42 is sleeved on the sliding pin shaft 41. The upper mold is clamped by the pneumatic finger A.

[0068] Example 4:

[0069] A dual-mode automatic casting machine for rotating 90° to pour aluminum piston blanks, with the structure as described in Embodiment 1. The difference is that temperature detection rods and liquid level detection rods are respectively arranged on the swing arm B between the two ladles 58. The temperature detection rods detect the temperature of the molten aluminum in the molten aluminum furnace. If the temperature is too high or too low, the robot stops working to avoid affecting the quality of the piston blanks. The liquid level detection rods are used to detect the relative height of the liquid level of the molten aluminum in the molten aluminum furnace. As the blanks are continuously poured, the liquid level height of the molten aluminum in the molten aluminum furnace drops, and the height of the swing arm B extending into the molten aluminum furnace is adjusted to ensure that the weight of the molten aluminum extracted by each ladle is equal.

[0070] Embodiment 5:

[0071] A dual-mode automatic casting machine for rotating 90° to pour aluminum piston blanks, with the structure as described in Embodiment 1. The difference is that the quenching and cooling tank 2 includes a quenching support 59, a water tank 60, a lifting cylinder 61 and a quenching support plate 62. A water tank is arranged on the quenching support, lifting cylinders are arranged on both sides of the water tank, and a quenching support plate is arranged in the water tank. The quenching support plate is a Z-shaped plate, with one side arranged in the water tank for placing the piston blanks, and the other side closely attached to the water tank and arranged above the lifting cylinder, facilitating the observation and extraction of the piston blanks through the lifting cylinder and the support plate.

Claims

1. A dual-mode automatic casting machine for rotating and pouring aluminum piston blanks by 90°, characterized in that, It includes a gating system, a workpiece picking manipulator, an articulated pouring robot, a hydraulic system, an electrical operating system, and a quenching and cooling tank. Among them, the gating system is arranged on the ground. The workpiece picking manipulator is arranged on the ground on one side of the gating system, and the articulated pouring robot is arranged on the opposite side of the gating system. The articulated pouring robot extracts molten aluminum and pours it into the gating system. The quenching and cooling tank is arranged on one side of the workpiece picking manipulator. The workpiece picking manipulator clamps the piston blank poured out by the gating system and moves it to the quenching and cooling tank. The gating system is connected to the hydraulic system, and the hydraulic system, the workpiece picking manipulator, and the articulated pouring robot are all connected to the electrical operating system; the gating system includes a frame and a workbench. Two workbenches are respectively hydraulically installed on the frame through rotating shafts. A first mold and a second mold are respectively arranged on the two workbenches. The two sides of the first mold are respectively connected to the outer mold cylinders through brackets. The lower side of the first mold is connected to the core telescopic cylinder through a cylindrical guide rail. The two sides of the second mold are respectively connected to the outer mold cylinders through brackets. The lower side of the second mold is connected to the core telescopic cylinder through a cylindrical guide rail. A top mold clamping device is arranged on the upper side of the first mold and the second mold; the first mold includes an upper mold, a lower mold, a left mold, and a right mold. The left mold and the right mold are respectively connected to the outer mold cylinders through brackets. The upper mold is arranged on the upper side of the left mold and the right mold. A pressing cylinder is arranged on the bracket. The pressing cylinder is connected to the compression column through a positioning plate. The lower mold is connected to the core telescopic cylinder through a cylindrical guide rail. The shape of the pouring cavity after the upper mold, the lower mold, the left mold, and the right mold are closed is the outer shape of the piston. The structure of the second mold is the same as that of the first mold and is symmetrically arranged; cooling water channels are respectively arranged inside the first mold and the second mold, and cooling water channels are arranged inside the brackets. A flow sensor and a solenoid valve are arranged inside the external pipeline of the cooling water channels; linear guide rails are respectively arranged on the workbenches on both sides of the left mold and the right mold, and L-shaped pressing plates are arranged on the linear guide rails; a gate is arranged on one side of the upper mold. The gate is connected to the pouring cavity through a vertical runner and a horizontal runner. The horizontal runner extends to the left mold through the upper mold. A riser is arranged on one side inside the pouring cavity. The riser is symmetrically arranged with the inlet where the molten aluminum enters the pouring cavity. A salt core support rod is arranged on the lower mold; 2. The double-mode automatic casting machine for rotating and casting aluminum piston blanks by 90°, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that, an air suction device is arranged on the frame, and the air suction device is connected to the salt core support rod; a groove is arranged at the connection of the top surfaces of the left mold and the right mold, and an iron ring is arranged inside the groove; 3. The double-mode automatic casting machine for rotating and casting aluminum piston blanks by 90°, as described in claim 2, is characterized in that the top mold clamping device includes a bracket, a cylindrical guide rail for the top mold to move up and down, a drag plate, a top mold up and down cylinder, a cylindrical guide rail for the top mold to move forward and backward, a top mold forward and backward cylinder, a fixed seat, and a pneumatic finger A. The cylindrical guide rail for the top mold to move forward and backward is arranged on the upper side of the bracket. One side of the cylindrical guide rail for the top mold to move forward and backward is connected to the top mold forward and backward cylinder, and the other side is connected to the drag plate. The cylindrical guide rail for the top mold to move up and down is arranged on the drag plate. One end of the cylindrical guide rail for the top mold to move up and down is connected to the top mold up and down cylinder. A sliding plate is arranged on the cylindrical guide rail for the top mold to move up and down. A fixed seat is arranged on the sliding plate. The lower side of the fixed seat is connected to the pneumatic finger A through a sliding pin shaft, and a compression spring is sleeved on the sliding pin shaft; Positioning discs are respectively arranged on the workbench at the middle position between the left mold and the right mold. Positioning pins are respectively arranged on the inner and outer sides of the positioning discs. The inner positioning pins are matched and fixed to the lower mold, and the outer positioning pins are matched and fixed to the left mold and the right mold. Positioning columns are respectively arranged on both sides of the lower end face of the upper mold. Positioning holes corresponding to the positions of the positioning columns are arranged on the left mold and the right mold. The upper mold is positioned by the positioning columns.

4. The two-mode automatic casting machine for rotating and casting aluminum piston blanks by 90°, as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, The workpiece taking manipulator includes a workpiece taking base. A guide rail is arranged inside the workpiece taking base. The guide rail passes through the workpiece taking base upward and is connected to a lifting platform. A feed oil cylinder is arranged at the upper end of the workpiece taking base. The feed oil cylinder is connected to the lifting platform. A rotating arm A is arranged on the lifting platform. The rotating arm A is connected to a motor. A pneumatic finger B is arranged on the rotating arm A. The pneumatic finger B is connected to a gripper.

5. The double-mode automatic casting machine for rotating 90° to pour aluminum piston blanks as claimed in claim 4, wherein The articulated pouring robot includes a pouring base. A rotating base is arranged on the pouring base. A rotating arm B is arranged on the rotating base. Two ladles are connected to the rotating arm B. A temperature detection rod and a liquid level detection rod are respectively arranged on the rotating arm B between the two ladles.

6. The two-mode automatic casting machine for rotating 90° to pour aluminum piston blanks as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The quenching and cooling tank includes a quenching support, a water tank, a lifting cylinder and a quenching support plate. The water tank is arranged on the quenching support. Lifting cylinders are arranged on both sides of the water tank. The quenching support plate is arranged inside the water tank. The quenching support plate is a Z-shaped plate. One side is arranged inside the water tank, and the other side is closely arranged above the lifting cylinder against the water tank.

7. A method for using a two-mode automatic casting machine for rotating and casting aluminum piston blanks by 90°, characterized in that, The operation steps are as follows: (1) The electrical operating system and the hydraulic system are started. The first mold and the second mold are closed. A salt core and an iron ring are respectively arranged inside the first mold and the second mold. Then the two workbenches are symmetrically tilted 90°, making the gate upward. (2) The articulated pouring robot inserts the ladles into the aluminum liquid furnace through the rotating arm B. The rotating arm B drives the ladles to rotate to extract aluminum liquid. Then the ladles pour the aluminum liquid into the pouring cavities of the first mold and the second mold respectively. (3) After pouring, water cooling is carried out inside the first mold and the second mold. Then the workpiece taking manipulator takes out the piston blank, tilts the piston blank 90°, making the head of the piston blank upward and the skirt downward, and places it in the quenching and cooling tank for cooling. After quenching treatment, the piston blank is placed in the blank frame to complete the casting of the piston blank.

Images