Spherical template and manufacturing method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a spherical template and a manufacturing method thereof. The spherical template comprises a plurality of groups of conical arc plates, wherein the conical arc plates comprise a bottom plate, the upper end of the bottom plate is connected to a vertical ring belt template, the upper end surface of the vertical ring belt template is connected to a curved surface ring belt template, the curved surface ring belt template is composed of a plurality of groups of inclined surface ring belt templates, the upper end of the curved surface ring belt template is connected to a top plate, and the interior of the conical arc plate is connected to a rib plate; the spherical template has a simple structure and is easy to install. The pre-processing method is adopted, which greatly reduces the preparation time of the spherical template and improves the efficiency of completing the construction project.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of building construction, and in particular relates to a spherical template and a manufacturing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In some construction projects, combustion furnaces are used. The fireproof concrete on the top of the combustion furnace is hollow spherical (hemispherical) inside. At this time, a hollow spherical formwork is generally required to facilitate the pouring of the concrete structure. This formwork is a spherical formwork. Since the surface of the sphere is a non-developable curved surface, it is not conducive to the construction of wooden formworks. People usually use brick materials to build a sphere instead of wooden formworks. The specific method is: before pouring the hollow spherical concrete, first set up a platform at the required height in the combustion furnace, and use bricks on the platform to build a shape similar to a hemispherical body. Then use the plastering method to plaster the surface of the brick body into a hemispherical shape, forming a spherical brick formwork, and then take demoulding measures to pour concrete. After the concrete reaches the strength, remove the brick formwork inside the hollow ball piece by piece.

[0003] This construction method has the following disadvantages: 1. Long preparation time: Since brick formwork cannot be prefabricated in advance, the ball formwork must be built piece by piece after the construction reaches a certain height, and the surface needs to be plastered and rounded. The preparation process is slow, which affects the construction progress; 2. The demoulding of the brick formwork is difficult: it is very difficult to demould in a hollow ball like this. Even if demoulding measures are adopted, it is difficult to demould smoothly, especially the bricks that are close to the inner surface of the concrete cavity. They may need to be chiseled off piece by piece, and the surface inside the hollow ball needs to be polished, which will also affect the construction progress. 3. There are safety risks: There is a high safety risk when the brick hollow spherical formwork is dismantled. The working platform needs to be lowered before dismantling. At this time, the bricks as the spherical formwork may fall down, which poses a safety risk. The operator needs to wait until the bricks stop falling before entering the hollow ball to carefully chisel off the remaining bricks. When chiseling off the remaining bricks, there is still a risk of falling and injuring people. In summary, the traditional construction method not only affects the progress of the project, but also makes it difficult to meet the requirements of the specifications. There are also safety risks, which are not convenient for use in the industry. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a spherical template with simple structure and reasonable design in order to solve the above problems.

[0005] The present invention achieves the above-mentioned purpose through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A spherical template includes several groups of conical arc plates, wherein the conical arc plates include a bottom plate, the upper end of the bottom plate is connected to a vertical ring band template, the upper end surface of the vertical ring band template is connected to a curved surface ring band template, the curved surface ring band template is composed of several groups of inclined ring band templates, the upper end of the curved surface ring band template is connected to a top plate, and the interior of the conical arc plate is connected to a vertical rib plate.

[0007] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, the inclined ring belt template includes a No. 1 ring belt template, a No. 2 ring belt template, a No. 3 ring belt template and a No. 4 ring belt template.

[0008] As a further optimization solution of the present invention, the vertical rib plate includes a side vertical rib plate, the side vertical rib plate is connected to both sides of the conical arc plate, and the side vertical rib plate is connected to the adjacent conical arc plate through the side vertical rib plate.

[0009] As a further optimization solution of the present invention, the vertical rib plates include short vertical rib plates, and the number of the short vertical rib plates is four groups, which are evenly distributed on the inner surface of the conical arc plate.

[0010] As a further optimization solution of the present invention, the vertical rib plates also include secondary short vertical rib plates, and the number of the secondary short vertical rib plates is two groups, and the two groups of the secondary short vertical rib plates are located between the two groups of the short vertical rib plates.

[0011] As a further optimization solution of the present invention, the vertical rib plate also includes a long vertical rib plate, and the long vertical rib plate is located in the middle of the conical arc plate.

[0012] A method for making a spherical template comprises the following steps: step S1, dividing the spherical template into a plurality of groups of conical arc plates according to the size of the template installation;

[0013] Step S2, determining the spherical circle lofting radius r and the spherical outer skin annular belt template width w, thereby determining the length of each annular belt template;

[0014] Step S3, preparing the top plate, the curved ring belt formwork, the vertical ring belt formwork and each rib plate;

[0015] Step S4, after marking the position of each rib plate on the surface of the bottom plate, install each rib plate, then install the top plate and the vertical ring belt template, and then assemble each inclined ring belt template to complete the installation of the conical arc plate;

[0016] Step S5, pre-assemble a plurality of conical arc plates, and after assembly, check and correct the dimensions of the hollow sphere of the concrete structure in time and wait for formal installation on the top of the combustion furnace.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention is provided with a short rib plate, a second short rib plate and a long rib plate, and through the installation of each rib plate, the support force of the spherical template can be better provided, so that the entire spherical template is more stable, and the assembly and use of the spherical template is convenient. Each inclined ring belt template in the curved ring belt template is prepared by multi-layer plywood, and a thinner plywood is selected for a template with a smaller ball diameter, and a slightly thicker plywood is selected for a template with a larger ball diameter, so as to improve the service life of the spherical template. The entire spherical template has a simple structure and is easy to install. The pre-processing method is adopted, which greatly reduces the preparation time of the spherical template and improves the efficiency of completing the construction project. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 The present invention Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of AA;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the plane structure of the conical arc plate of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the elevation structure of the conical arc plate of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the method for lofting of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the expansion of the conical arc plate of the present invention.

[0024] In the figure: 1. bottom plate; 2. side vertical rib plate; 3. short vertical rib plate; 4. second short vertical rib plate; 5. long vertical rib plate; 6. top plate; 7. No. 1 ring belt formwork; 8. No. 2 ring belt formwork; 9. No. 3 ring belt formwork; 10. No. 4 ring belt formwork; 11. vertical ring belt formwork. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is necessary to point out here that the following specific implementation methods are only used to further illustrate the present application and cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. Technical personnel in this field can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application based on the above application content.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] like Figure 1-6As shown, a spherical template includes several groups of conical arc plates, the conical arc plates include a bottom plate 1, the upper end of the bottom plate 1 is connected to a vertical ring band template 11, the upper end surface of the vertical ring band template 11 is connected to a curved surface ring band template, the curved surface ring band template is composed of several groups of inclined ring band templates, the upper end of the curved surface ring band template is connected to a top plate 6, and the inside of the conical arc plate is connected to a vertical rib plate.

[0028] The inclined ring belt template includes a No. 1 ring belt template 7, a No. 2 ring belt template 8, a No. 3 ring belt template 9 and a No. 4 ring belt template 10. The vertical rib plate includes a side vertical rib plate 2, and the side vertical rib plate 2 is connected to both sides of the conical arc plate. The side vertical rib plate 2 is connected to the adjacent conical arc plate through the side vertical rib plate 2. The vertical rib plate includes short vertical rib plates 3, and the number of the short vertical rib plates 3 is four groups, which are evenly distributed on the inner surface of the conical arc plate. The vertical rib plate also includes a second short vertical rib plate 4, and the number of the second short vertical rib plates 4 is two groups, and the two groups of the second short vertical rib plates 4 are located between the two groups of the short vertical rib plates 3. The vertical rib plate also includes a long vertical rib plate 5, and the long vertical rib plate 5 is located in the middle of the conical arc plate.

[0029] The spherical template is provided with a short rib plate, a second short rib plate and a long rib plate. Through the installation of each rib plate, the support force of the spherical template can be better provided, making the entire spherical template more stable and convenient for the assembly and use of the spherical template. Each inclined ring belt template in the curved ring belt template is prepared by multi-layer plywood. The template with a smaller ball diameter selects a thinner plywood, and the template with a larger ball diameter selects a slightly thicker plywood, which is convenient for improving the service life of the spherical template. The entire spherical template structure is simple and easy to install. The pre-processing method is adopted, which greatly reduces the preparation time of the spherical template and improves the efficiency of the completion of the construction project.

[0030] A method for making a spherical template comprises the following steps: step S1, dividing the spherical template into a plurality of groups of conical arc plates according to the size of the template installation;

[0031] Step S2, determining the spherical circle lofting radius r and the spherical outer skin annular belt template width w, thereby determining the length of each annular belt template;

[0032] Step S3, preparing the top plate, the curved ring belt formwork, the vertical ring belt formwork and each rib plate;

[0033] Step S4, after marking the position of each rib plate on the surface of the bottom plate 1, each rib plate is installed, and then the top plate 6 and the vertical ring belt template 11 are installed, and then each inclined ring belt template is assembled to complete the installation of the conical arc plate;

[0034] Step S5, pre-assemble a plurality of conical arc plates, and after assembly, check and correct the dimensions of the hollow sphere of the concrete structure in time and wait for formal installation on the top of the combustion furnace.

[0035] It should be noted that in the method for making the spherical formwork, the spherical circle lofting radius r is equal to the hollow sphere radius R in the concrete structure minus the formwork thickness t, that is, r = R - t (see Figure 5 ), in order to facilitate the layout and production, the spherical circle can be evenly divided and laid out so that the width w of each ring plate is equal. In order to make the template close to the real sphere, the narrower the width w of the spherical template ring, the better. The control standard is mainly based on the distance h value from the edge of each ring plate (i.e., the intersection points of A, B, C, D, and E) to the spherical surface of the layout circle (radius = r), the smaller the better. The distance h < 3mm is appropriate. See Figure 5 h in the figure. The width of each ring plate w is calculated by the formula w = 2 × √ [(r + h) 2 - r 2], so that both the width w of each ring plate must be equal and the distance h from the edge of the ring plate (the intersection of A, B, C, D, E) to the spherical surface must be less than 3 mm. The ring plate of this time divides the entire spherical circle (radius = r) into 20 equal parts and the hemispherical circle into 10 equal parts, that is, w divides the hemispherical circle into 10 equal parts, see Figure 5 .

[0036] The lower ring belt EF (i.e. vertical ring belt template 11) belongs to the vertical section, and its width is 1 / 2w. The truncated cone section has 4 ring belt plates, namely AB, BC, CD, DE (i.e. plates 7, 8, 9, and 10), and their widths are all w. The top is a circular plate (i.e. plate 6), and its radius is 1 / 2w. Figure 5 .

[0037] The lower ring belt EF (i.e., the vertical ring belt template 11) belongs to the vertical section. It is a rectangle after being unfolded. The length of each large template EF section ring belt plate can be directly cut according to the formula (r+1 / 2t)×2π / 5. The top is a circular plate (i.e., the top plate 6), which can be directly cut according to the radius of 1 / 2w. Each large template takes 1 / 5 of the circular plate. Figure 6 The top plate 6.

[0038] Specifically, although the plate width w of each cone section of each inclined surface is equal, their other dimensions after expansion are different, so further expansion is required. Take the expansion of section DE (i.e. plate No. 10) as an example to explain as follows: Figure 5 , Figure 6 .

[0039] 1. In Figure 5 Draw the neutral line z of segment DE (i.e. plate No. 10) on the top, intersecting the lower end line of plate No. 10 at point e, and extending in the direction of perpendicular bisector o o1 to intersect with perpendicular bisector o o1 at o1;

[0040] 2. In Figure 6 Draw a straight line o9 E1 on the top, making the length of o9 E1 equal to Figure 5o1e length, draw an arc on the o9 E1 line with o9 as the center and o1e length as the radius, take E1 E2 arc length equal to o8e×2π÷5 on the arc, get the intersection point E2, and connect o9 E2. Figure 5 , Figure 6 ;

[0041] 3. The length of D1E1 measured on the o9 E1 line is equal to the width w of the ring plate, and the intersection point D1 is obtained;

[0042] 4. Draw an arc on line o9 E1 with o9 as the center and the length of o9D1 as the radius, which intersects line o9 E2 at point D2, i.e. D1D2E1E2 is a No. 10 sector ring plate.

[0043] 5. The No. 1 ring belt template 7, the No. 2 ring belt template 8 and the No. 3 ring belt template 9 can all be laid out and expanded according to the above method, that is, A1A2B3B4 is the No. 1 ring belt template 7, B1B2C3C4 is the No. 2 ring belt template 8, and C1C2D3D4 is the No. 3 ring belt template 9.

[0044] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A spherical template, characterized in that: The conical arc plate comprises a plurality of groups of conical arc plates, wherein the conical arc plate comprises a bottom plate, the upper end of the bottom plate is connected to a vertical ring belt template, the upper end surface of the vertical ring belt template is connected to a curved ring belt template, the curved ring belt template is composed of a plurality of groups of inclined ring belt templates, the upper end of the curved ring belt template is connected to a top plate, the interior of the conical arc plate is connected to a vertical rib plate, and each inclined ring belt template in the curved ring belt template is made of multi-layer plywood; The inclined ring belt template includes a first ring belt template, a second ring belt template, a third ring belt template and a fourth ring belt template; The rib plate includes a side rib plate, the side rib plate is connected to both sides of the conical arc plate, and the conical arc plate is connected to adjacent conical arc plates through the side rib plate; The vertical rib plate also includes short vertical rib plates, and the number of the short vertical rib plates is four groups, which are evenly distributed on the inner surface of the conical arc plate; The vertical rib plate also includes a secondary short vertical rib plate, and the number of the secondary short vertical rib plates is two groups, and the two groups of the secondary short vertical rib plates are located between the two groups of the short vertical rib plates; The vertical rib plate also includes a long vertical rib plate, and the long vertical rib plate is located in the middle of the conical arc plate.

2. A method for making a spherical template as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1, dividing the spherical template into a plurality of groups of conical arc plates according to the size of the template installation; Step S2, determining the spherical circle lofting radius r and the spherical outer skin annular belt template width w, thereby determining the length of each annular belt template; Step S3, preparing the top plate, the curved ring belt formwork, the vertical ring belt formwork and each rib plate; Step S4, after marking the position of each rib plate on the surface of the bottom plate, install each rib plate, then install the top plate and the vertical ring belt template, and then assemble each inclined ring belt template to complete the installation of the conical arc plate; Step S5, pre-assemble a plurality of conical arc plates, and after assembly, check and correct the dimensions of the hollow sphere of the concrete structure in time and wait for formal installation on the top of the combustion furnace.

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