Stator with pins for an electric machine

Abstract

A stator for an electric machine, comprising: a plurality of pins arranged on concentric circles at different distances from a stator center within slots in the stator, and each concentric circle forming a layer; wherein in each case six pins in different layers are connected in series with one another and form a winding; a first pin of the winding is located in a first slot in a 6n-1 layer, wherein n is an integer; a second pin of the winding is located in a second slot of a 6n layer, wherein the second slot is at a first radial distance from the first slot in a first circumferential direction of the stator; a third pin of the winding is located in a third slot in a 6n-2 layer; a fourth pin of the winding is located in a fourth slot in a 6n-3 layer; a fifth pin is located in a first slot in a 6n-5 layer; a sixth pin of the winding is located in a second slot in a 6n-4 layer.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The invention relates to a stator with pins for an electric machine, in particular an electric motor. BACKGROUND

[0002] Electric machines are known and are increasingly used as electric motors for driving vehicles. An electric machine consists of a stator and a rotor.

[0003] The stator comprises a plurality of slots in which windings are guided. The windings can be formed by insulated copper bars, so-called "pins". The rotor is located in the stator and is connected to a rotor shaft.

[0004] Such pins, U-shaped pins or hairpin electric motors are known, for example, from US 9136738 B2. SUMMARY

[0005] It is an object of the invention to provide a stator with windings made of pins which is easy to manufacture.

[0006] According to the invention, a stator for an electric machine comprises a plurality of pins which are arranged on concentric circles at different distances from the center of the stator within slots of the stator and each of which forms a layer, wherein in each case six pins in different layers are connected to one another in series and form a winding, a first pin of the winding being located in a first slot of the 6n-1 layer, wherein n is an integer, a second pin of the winding being located in a second slot of the 6n layer, wherein the second slot is at a first radial distance from the first slot in a first circumferential direction of the stator, a third pin of the winding being located in a third slot of the 6n-2 layer, a fourth pin of the winding being located in a fourth slot of the 6n-3 layer, a fifth pin being located in a first slot of the 6n-5 layer, and a sixth pin of the winding being located in a second slot of the 6n-4 layer.

[0007] The winding can thus be wound repeatedly around the stator teeth. The layers can be numbered in ascending order with respect to the center of the stator from the outside inwards. The number 0 does not belong to the above-mentioned integer.

[0008] The stator with the winding according to the invention can be easily manufactured and produces an effective electromagnetic field. The connection type establishes an electrically conductive connection between the pins in the slots. The connection type can be a soldering of the conductor to the pin, or the pin can already be designed as a double pin, so-called U-shaped pin, so that the connection is already formed when the pin is inserted into the stator. Furthermore, the engagement of the pin ends bent towards one another also represents the connection type.

[0009] The third slot can preferably be at a first distance from the fourth slot, the first distance being equal to the first distance between the second slot and the first slot.

[0010] The rotating magnetic field generated by this winding has fewer disturbing harmonics, thus has less torque pulsation and smaller torque fluctuation, and has better NVH characteristics.

[0011] In addition, the third slot can preferably be adjacent to the first slot in the circumferential direction and located on the adjacent side thereof, and the fourth slot is located on the same adjacent side of the second slot.

[0012] In one embodiment of the application, the stator can have first and second end faces, and the first pin and the second pin can be connected to each other on the second end face by a first connection type, the second pin and the third pin can be connected to each other on the first end face by a second connection type, the third pin and the fourth pin can be connected to each other on the second end face by a third connection type, the fourth pin and the fifth pin can be connected to each other on the first end face by a fourth connection type, and the fifth pin and the sixth pin can be connected to each other on the second end face by a fifth connection type, wherein the first, second, third, fourth and fifth connection types are different from each other.

[0013] The different connection types enable improvements in manufacturing. The alternating positioning of the connection types on different end faces enables efficient formation of the winding around the stator teeth between the slots.

[0014] The connection types can also be different on the same end face of the stator, due to the different bending directions of the pin legs towards the inside or outside of the stator.

[0015] In one embodiment of the application, one pin of the winding can be a first, sixth, seventh or twelfth end pin, and can be designed as a single pin, for example, an I-shaped pin.

[0016] The stator can preferably have at least two windings, and at least the sixth pin in the second slot can be connected to the seventh pin in the 6n-1 layer in the third slot by a sixth connection type.

[0017] Combinations of the aforementioned connection types can also be provided on different end faces or on the same end face of the stator. Due to the presence of the same connection type on the same end face of the stator and the presence of different connection types on different end faces, simple and fast manufacturing can be carried out. For example, the connection is formed by the type of pre-bent pins on one end face, so-called double pins or U-shaped pins, and the individual pins are welded to each other, or in each case one side of the double pin is welded to the other end face of the stator. The welding points can contact the leg portions of the pins or double pins.

[0018] In addition, preferably, the stator can have a plurality of windings which extend over the entire circumferential extent of the stator, thereby forming sub-coils.

[0019] The winding thus has symmetry, thereby generating a uniform rotating magnetic field.

[0020] In another embodiment, a pin from each of the three sub-coils can be connected to each other via a seventh connection type or an eighth connection type to form a coil. These pins can be so-called end pins, as they mark the ends of the sub-coils.

[0021] The sub-coils can preferably be formed into six coils, and these coils can be assigned to three phases such that in each case, two coils assigned to the same phase can be located in four adjacent slots.

[0022] Alternatively, it is preferable to connect one input of the end pins of the two coils to each other via a ninth connection type.

[0023] The ninth connection type can be formed by applying a conductor to the pin or by using a conductive ring.

[0024] The two coils can be connected in parallel and can also be powered by the same phase. The parallel connection can be achieved by connecting the first and seventh terminal pins in pairs or by connecting the sixth and twelfth terminal pins in pairs.

[0025] Two coils in the same slot can be connected in parallel and switched and powered by one phase, so that the stator eventually has windings for a three-phase motor.

[0026] Furthermore, since the two phases can each have approximately the same current and voltage curves, a six-phase inverter can control only a three-phase motor. In inverters using this configuration, current splitting can be performed on the switching elements.

[0027] According to the present invention, the vehicle has a motor with a stator according to one of the preferred embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 Stator is displayed.

[0029] Figure 2 The display shows a stator with eight slots and six layers.

[0030] Figure 3 This shows the winding scheme for the first sub-coil.

[0031] Figure 4 This shows the winding scheme for the second sub-coil.

[0032] Figure 5 This shows the winding scheme for the third sub-coil.

[0033] Figure 6 The display shows a stator with three sub-coils, which are interconnected, and the first coil.

[0034] Figure 7 This shows the winding scheme for the other first sub-coil.

[0035] Figure 8 This shows the winding scheme for the second sub-coil.

[0036] Figure 9 This shows the winding scheme for the third sub-coil.

[0037] Figure 10 The stator is shown to have three additional sub-coils, which are interconnected, and a second coil.

[0038] Figure 11 The stator is shown to have two coils, each consisting of three sub-coils.

[0039] Figure 12 The stator is shown with two additional coils.

[0040] Figure 13 The stator is shown with two additional coils.

[0041] Figure 14 The stator is shown to have six coils.

[0042] Figure 15 This shows the winding scheme for the first coil.

[0043] Figure 16 This shows the winding scheme for the second coil.

[0044] Figure 17 This describes vehicles equipped with motors, especially electric motors with stators. Detailed Implementation

[0045] Figure 1 The stator 1 is shown to have multiple slots 5, in which pins 2 and 3 are guided. The stator 1 has a first end face 7 and a second end face 9 arranged opposite each other. Of course, the operation of the motor also requires a rotor.

[0046] Figure 2 The stator 1 is shown with slots and pins on six layers, but only eight slots 51-58 are depicted. For example, pins 21, 22, 25, 26, 27, and 28 are arranged in the slots. These slots are arranged adjacent to each other in a single slot. Figure 2 In the example, a slot contains space for six adjacent pins. Therefore, the six pins within a slot are arranged on different concentric circles L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6 around the stator center M, thus forming layers. A first distance 11 is provided between two corresponding slots, and... Figure 2 The first distance 11 is the same between all the slots shown.

[0047] Figure 3 show Figure 2The stator is located in the center. The pins are still arranged in concentric circles and layers, where the concentric circles are not marked for clarity. Figure 3 Pins connected in series are depicted. A first pin 21 is located in a first slot 51 in layer L5. This first pin 21 is connected to a second pin 22 in a second slot 52 via a first connection type 61 depicted as a solid line. The second pin 22 is located in layer L6. A connection is provided between the first slot 51 and the second slot 52. Figure 2 The first distance 11 is equal to the distance 11 in the middle.

[0048] The second pin 22 is connected to the third pin 23 in the third slot 71 via a second connection type 62 depicted as a dashed line. The third pin 23 is located in layer L4. The third slot 71 is directly adjacent to the first slot 51. A fourth distance 17 is provided between the third slot 71 and the second slot 52, which is one slot longer than the first distance 11. The third pin 23 is connected to the fourth pin 24 via a third connection type 63 depicted as a dense dashed line. The fourth pin 24 is located in the fourth slot 72. The fourth pin 24 is located in layer L3. The fourth slot 72 is directly adjacent to the second slot 52. A second distance 13 is provided between the fourth slot 72 and the first slot 51, which is one slot shorter than the first distance 11 and two slots shorter than the fourth distance 17.

[0049] The fourth pin 24 is connected to the fifth pin 25 in the first slot 51 via a fourth connection type 64 depicted as a loose dashed line. The fifth pin 25 is located in the first slot 51, and therefore in the same slot as the first pin 21. The fifth pin 25 is located in layer L1. Therefore, there is space for three more pins in layers L2-L4 between the first pin 21 and the fifth pin 25 in the first slot 51. In addition, there is space in the first slot 51 for another pin in layer L6. The fifth pin 25 is connected to the sixth pin 26 via a fifth connection type 65 depicted as a loose dashed line. The sixth pin 26 is located in the second slot 52, and therefore in the same slot as the second pin 22. The sixth pin 26 is located in layer L2. Therefore, there is space for three more pins in layers L3-L5 between the second pin 22 and the sixth pin 26 in the second slot 52. In addition, there is space in the second slot 52 for another pin in layer L1.

[0050] The connection of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, and sixth pins forms the first winding 41. The first pin 21 is also the first end pin. This end pin has an input 101 for connection to an energy source such as an inverter. Therefore, the first end pin 21 is connected to only one other pin, thereby connecting to the second pin 22. Thus, the first end pin 21 can be configured as a so-called single pin or I-shaped pin.

[0051] The sixth pin 26 is connected to the seventh pin 27 in layer L2 of the first slot 53 via a sixth connection type 66 depicted as a dashed line. At the seventh pin 27, the continuous pins in the stator described earlier begin to connect in series again, with the seventh pin 27 similar to the first pin 21, but with the slot offset by 90 degrees. Unlike the first pin 21, the seventh pin 27 is not an end pin, as it connects to two other pins, thus connecting to the sixth pin 26 and another pin in slot 54 of layer L6.

[0052] The seventh pin 27 is connected in series with the other pins in the other three slots 54, 73 and 74 to form the second winding 42. The first, second, third, fourth and fifth connection types 61-65 between these pins are the same as the respective first, second, third, fourth and fifth connection types 61-65 of the pins of the first winding 41.

[0053] Two windings 41 and 42 are connected by a sixth connection type 66. A third winding 43 is formed in four additional slots 55, 56, 75, and 76 through continued series connection. Windings 41, 42, and 43 are each connected using a sixth connection type 66. Therefore, the sixth connection type 66 between each winding is the same. The first, second, third, fourth, and fifth connection types 61-65 between the pins of the third winding 43 are also the same as the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth connection types 61-65 of the first and second windings 41 and 42.

[0054] As the series connections continue, a fourth winding 44 is formed in four additional slots 57, 58, 77, and 78. Windings 41, 42, 43, and 44 are each connected using a sixth connection type 66. Therefore, the sixth connection type 66 is the same for all windings. The first, second, third, fourth, and fifth connection types 61-65 between the pins of the fourth winding 44 are also the same as those for the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth connection types 61-65 of the first, second, and third windings 41, 42, and 43.

[0055] Four windings 41, 42, 43, and 44 are connected by a circuit to form a first sub-coil counterclockwise around the stator 1. The first pin 21 also has an input 81 for connection to a power source. Therefore, the first pin 21 of winding 41 represents the first end pin. The end of this sub-coil is the pin 28 of the fourth winding 44. Therefore, the last pin 28 of the fourth winding 44 represents the second end pin. However, unlike the first end pin 21, the second end pin 28 is connected to two other pins, such as... Figure 6 shown.

[0056] Figure 4 show Figure 3 Stator 1 in the middle, which shows another 8 slots 81-88, which are related to Figure 3 Slots 71-78 are directly adjacent. The lengths of the distances from 11, 13, and 17 are...Figure 3 The lengths in both are the same.

[0057] The connection method of pins 21a–28a and Figure 3 The connection method of pins 21–28 is the same. Even the connection type is the same. Figure 3 The same, and clearly indicated by the same reference numerals. The formation of windings 41a, 42a, 43a, and 44a is the same as... Figure 3 They are connected in the same way and are connected to each other counterclockwise via the sixth connection type 66.

[0058] Four windings 41a, 42a, 43a, and 44a form a second sub-coil around stator 1 via a circuit. This sub-coil begins at pin 21a, which is the third terminal pin. However, unlike the first terminal pin 21a, the third terminal pin 21a is connected to the other two pins, as shown below. Figure 6 As shown. The end of this sub-coil is pin 28a of winding 44a. Therefore, the last pin 28a of winding 44a represents the fourth end pin.

[0059] Figure 5 show Figure 3 and Figure 4 The stator 1 in the middle also shows eight other slots 91-98, which are related to... Figure 4 Slots 81-88 are directly adjacent. The lengths at distances of 11, 13, and 17 are... Figure 3 The lengths in both are the same.

[0060] The connection method of pins 21b–28b and Figure 3 Pins 21–28 and Figure 4 The connection method of pins 21a–28a is the same. Even the connection type is the same. Figure 3 and Figure 4 The same, and clearly indicated by the same reference numerals. The formation of windings 41b, 42b, 43b, and 44b is the same as... Figure 3 and Figure 4 They are connected in the same way and are connected to each other counterclockwise via the sixth connection type 66.

[0061] Four windings 41b, 42b, 43b, and 44b form a third sub-coil around stator 1 via a circuit. This sub-coil begins at pin 21b, which is the fifth terminal pin. However, unlike the first terminal pin 21, the fifth terminal pin 21b is connected to the other two pins, as shown below. Figure 6 As shown. The end of this sub-coil is pin 28b of winding 44b. Therefore, the last pin 28b of winding 44b represents the sixth end pin. The sixth end pin 28b is further designed similarly to the first end pin, and thus, for example, designed as a single pin or an I-shaped pin, and has an output 103 for connection to a power source.

[0062] Figure 6 show Figure 3 , 4 The pin assignments for the first, second, and third sub-coils in Figure 5 are indicated by black squares. The same reference numerals in the figure denote the same pins, slots, and connections.

[0063] The second end pin 28 of the winding 44 of the first sub-coil in slot 58 of layer L2 and the third end pin 21a of the first winding 41a of the second sub-coil in slot 71 of layer L5 are connected by a seventh connection type 67. This seventh connection type spans a second distance 13. The fourth end pin 28a of the winding 44a of the second sub-coil in slot 78 of layer L2 and the fifth end pin 21b of the first winding 41b of the third sub-coil in slot 81 of layer L5 are connected by a seventh connection type 67. This seventh connection type spans a second distance 13.

[0064] Therefore, the seventh connection type 67 connects two sub-coils respectively, wherein the three sub-coils form a first coil 201 with input 101 and output 103 after three radial circuits rotating counterclockwise around the stator. The third distance 15 shown in the figure is three slots shorter than the first distance 11 in the aforementioned figure. The blocks of four adjacent slots are occupied by coil pins, which are separated from each other by the third distance in each case.

[0065] Figure 7 show Figure 2 Stator 1. The pins are still arranged in concentric circles and layers, so the concentric circles are not marked for clarity. It depicts those pins, depicted as black squares on a white background, connected in series to form the first sub-coil of the second coil 202.

[0066] The first end pin 31 is located in the first slot 51 of layer L6. The first pin 31 is also the seventh end pin 31. This end pin 31 has an input 105 for connecting to an energy source such as an inverter. Therefore, the seventh end pin 31 is connected to only one other pin, thereby connecting to the seventh pin 37. Thus, the seventh end pin 31 can be configured as a so-called single pin or I-shaped pin. The first pin 31 is connected to the seventh pin 37 in slot 58 via a first connection type 61 depicted as a solid line. The seventh pin 37 is located in layer L5. A first distance 11 is provided between the first slot 51 and slot 58, the first distance 11 being equal to Figure 2 The distance in the middle is 11.

[0067] The seventh pin 37 is connected to the sixth pin 36 in slot 57 via a sixth connection type 66 depicted as a dashed line. The sixth pin 36 is located in layer L2. The sixth pin 36 is connected to the fifth pin 35 in slot 56 via a fifth connection type 65 depicted as a loose dashed line. The fifth pin 35 is located in layer L1. The fifth pin 35 is connected to the fourth pin 34 in slot 77 via a fourth connection type 64 depicted as a loose dashed line. A second distance 13 is provided between slot 77 and slot 56.

[0068] The fourth pin 34 is connected to the third pin 33 via a third connection type 63 depicted as densely dashed lines. The third pin 33 is located in slot 76. The third pin 33 is located in layer L4. Slot 76 is directly adjacent to slot 56. The third pin 33 is connected to the second pin 32 in slot 57 via a second connection type 62 depicted as short dashed lines. The second pin 32 is located in layer L6. The second pin 32 is located in slot 57, and therefore in the same slot as the sixth pin 36. The sixth pin 36 is located in layer L2. Therefore, there is space in layers L3–L5 between the second pin 32 and the sixth pin 36 in slot 57 for three additional pins. In addition, there is space in slot 57 for another pin in layer L1.

[0069] The second pin 32 is connected to the ninth pin 39 in slot 56 via a first connection type 61 depicted as a solid line. The ninth pin 39 is located in layer L4. The ninth pin 39 is further located in slot 56, and therefore in the same slot as the fifth pin 35. The fifth pin 35 is located in layer L1. Therefore, there is space in layers L2–L4 between the ninth pin 39 and the fifth pin 35 in slot 56 for three additional pins. Additionally, there is space in slot 56 for another pin in layer L6.

[0070] The connection of the second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth and ninth pins forms the fifth winding 45.

[0071] The ninth pin 39 is connected to the tenth pin 36 (2) via the sixth connection type 66, which is depicted as a dense dashed line. The tenth pin 36 (2) is located in the slot 55 in layer L2. At the tenth pin 36 (2), the continuous pins in the stator described earlier begin to connect in series again, where the tenth pin 36 (2) is similar to the sixth pin 36, with the slot offset by 90 degrees.

[0072] The tenth pin 36 (2) is connected in series with the other pins in the other three slots 54, 75 and 74 to form the sixth winding 46. The first, second, third, fourth and fifth connection types 61-65 between these pins are the same as the first, second, third, fourth and fifth connection types 61-65 of the pins of the first to fifth windings 41-45.

[0073] Two windings 45 and 46 are connected by a sixth connection type 66. A seventh winding 47 is formed in four additional slots 53, 52, 73, and 72 through continued series connection. Windings 45-47 are each connected using a sixth connection type 66. Therefore, the sixth connection type 66 between each winding is the same. The first, second, third, fourth, and fifth connection types 61-65 between the pins of the seventh winding 47 are also the same as the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth connection types 61-65 of the aforementioned windings 41-46.

[0074] As the series connections continue, an eighth winding is formed in four additional slots 51, 58, 71, and 78. Windings 45, 46, 47, and 48 are each connected using a sixth connection type. Therefore, the sixth connection type 66 between the windings is the same. The first, third, fourth, and fifth connection types 61, 63-65 between the pins of the eighth winding 48 are also the same as those of the aforementioned windings 41-47. Furthermore, the eighth winding 48 has two end pins 31 and 38.

[0075] Four windings 45-48 are wound clockwise around stator 1 through a circuit to form the first sub-coil. The end of the first sub-coil of the second coil 202 is the eighth terminal pin 38.

[0076] Figure 8 show Figure 7 Stator 1 in the middle, which shows with Figure 7 The other eight slots 81-88 are directly adjacent to slots 71-78 in the diagram above. The distances of 11, 13, and 17 are the same as those in the diagram above.

[0077] Connection method of pins 31a–38a and Figure 7 The connection method of pins 31–38 is the same. Even the connection type is the same as in the above figures, and is clearly indicated by the same reference numerals. The formation method of windings 45a, 46a, 47a, and 46a is the same as... Figure 7 The method is the same, and they are connected clockwise via the sixth connection type 66.

[0078] Four windings 45a, 46a, 47a, and 48a form a second sub-coil around stator 1 via a circuit. This sub-coil begins at pin 31a, which is the ninth terminal pin. However, unlike the seventh terminal pin 31, the ninth terminal pin 31a is connected to two other pins, such as... Figure 10 As shown. The end of this sub-coil is pin 38a of winding 48a. Therefore, pin 38a of winding 48a represents the tenth end pin 38a. In addition, the eighth winding 48a has two end pins 31a and 38a.

[0079] Figure 9 show Figure 7 and Figure 8 Stator 1 in the middle, which shows with Figure 7 The other eight slots 91-98 are directly adjacent to slots 81-88. The distances of 11, 13, and 17 are the same as those in the diagram above.

[0080] Connection method of pins 31b–38b and Figure 7 Pins 31–38 and Figure 8The connection method of pins 31a–38a is the same. Even the connection type is the same as the connection type in the above figure, and is clearly indicated by the same reference numerals. The formation method of windings 45b, 46b, 47b, and 48b is the same as... Figure 7 and Figure 8 The methods described are the same, and they are connected to each other clockwise via a sixth connection type 66.

[0081] Four windings 45b, 46b, 47b, and 48b form a third sub-coil around stator 1 via a circuit. This sub-coil begins at pin 31b, which is the eleventh terminal pin. However, unlike the seventh terminal pin 31, the eleventh terminal pin 31b is connected to two other pins, such as... Figure 10 As shown. The end of this sub-coil is pin 38b of winding 48b. Therefore, pin 38b of winding 48b represents the twelfth end pin. The twelfth end pin 38b is further designed to be similar to the seventh end pin, and thus, for example, designed as a single pin or an I-shaped pin, and has an output 107 for connection to a power source.

[0082] Figure 10 show Figure 7 , 8 The pin assignments of the first, second, and third sub-coils of the second coil 202 in Figure 9 are indicated by black squares on a white background. The same reference numerals in the figure denote the same pins, slots, and connections.

[0083] The eighth pin 38 of the eighth winding 48 of the first sub-coil in slot 78 of layer L4 and the ninth pin 31a of the fifth winding 45a of the second sub-coil in slot 71 of layer L6 are connected by an eighth connection type 68. This eighth connection type spans a first distance 11. The tenth pin 38a of the fifth winding 45a of the second sub-coil in slot 88 of layer L2 and the eleventh pin 31b of the fifth winding 45b of the third sub-coil in slot 81 of layer L6 are connected by an eighth connection type 68. This eighth connection type spans a first distance 11.

[0084] Therefore, the eighth connection type 68 connects two sub-coils respectively, wherein the three sub-coils form a second coil 202 with input 105 and output 107 after three radial circuits rotating clockwise around the stator. The third distance 15 depicted in the figure is three slots shorter than the first distance 11 in the aforementioned figure. The blocks of four adjacent slots are occupied by coil pins, which are separated from each other by the third distance in each case.

[0085] Figure 11 show Figure 6 The pin assignments for the first coil 201 are indicated by black squares. The same reference numerals in the figure denote the same pins, slots, and connections. Furthermore, Figure 10The second coil 202 is depicted as a black square on a white background, located in the same slot but in a different layer. The sub-coils of the two coils are connected by a seventh connection type 67 (first coil) or an eighth connection type 68 (second coil).

[0086] Figure 12 The other two coils are shown, each consisting of a pin with a black dot or a pin with a white dot, respectively. According to... Figures 3-6 The description shows that three sub-coils are formed with pins bearing white dots, wherein the slots are offset counterclockwise by 30 degrees. According to... Figures 7-10 The description shows that three sub-coils are formed with pins bearing black dots, wherein the slots are offset 30 degrees counterclockwise.

[0087] Figure 13 Two other coils are shown, each consisting of a pin with a black or white cross, respectively. According to... Figures 3-6 The description in the text describes the formation of three sub-coils with pins bearing white crosses, where the slots are offset counterclockwise by 60 degrees. According to... Figures 7-10 The description shows that three sub-coils are formed with a pin having a black cross, wherein the slot is offset 60 degrees counterclockwise.

[0088] Figure 14 show Figure 10 , 11 The pin assignment of the six coils in 12 combination forms. Specifically, it is clear from the positions of inputs 101, 105, 111, 115, 121, 125 and outputs 103, 107, 113, 117, 123, 127 that coil interconnection can be performed within 25 slots. Therefore, in a stator with seventy-two slots, as shown in the figure, the interconnection of inputs and outputs can be performed within almost one-third of the stator circumference. Individual switching can be performed within 13 slots, referring only to inputs or outputs.

[0089] Figure 15 This shows the winding scheme of the three sub-coils of the first coil 201. The consecutive "slot numbers" are not reference numerals. Reference numerals with arrows pointing to the slots are the same as those in the aforementioned figures, allowing for comparison with those figures.

[0090] Figure 16 This shows the winding scheme of the three sub-coils of the second coil 202. The consecutive "slot numbers" are not reference numerals. The reference numerals with arrows pointing to the slots are the same as those in the preceding figures, allowing for comparison with those figures.

[0091] Figure 17This is a basic schematic diagram of an exemplary embodiment of vehicle 403, such as a hybrid vehicle or electric vehicle, including a motor 401, particularly an electric motor, which has an exemplary embodiment of a stator 1 for driving vehicle 403. Furthermore, vehicle 403 may have an inverter 405 that supplies alternating current from a DC power source to motor 401.

[0092] List of reference numerals

[0093] 1 Stator 2、3、21-38b Pin 5、51-58、71-78 Slot 81–88、91–96 Slot 7 First end face 9 Second end face 11 First distance 13 Second distance 15 Third distance 21 First end pin 28 Second end pin 21a Third end pin 28a Fourth end pin 21b Fifth end pin 28b Sixth end pin 31 Seventh end pin 38 Eighth end pin 31a Ninth end pin 38a Tenth end pin 31b Eleventh end pin 38b Twelfth end pin 41-48, 41a-48a, 41b-48b Winding 61 First connection type 62 Second connection type 63 Third connection type 64 Fourth connection type 65 Fifth connection type 66 Sixth connection type 67 Seventh connection type 68 Eighth connection type 101、105、111、115、121、125 Input 103、107、113、117、123、127 Output 201 First coil 202 Second coil 401 Motor 403 Vehicle 405 Inverter L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6 Layer M Stator center

Claims

1. A stator (1) for an electric motor (100), comprising: - Multiple pins (21-27) are arranged on concentric circles at different distances from the stator center (M) in slots (51-58, 71-78) in the stator, and each concentric circle forms a layer (L1-L6). In each case, six pins (21-27) in different layers (L1-L6) are connected in series to form a winding (41-44). - The first pins (21, 27) of the winding (41-44) are located in the first slots (51, 53, 55, 57) in the 6n-1 layer (L5), where n is an integer; - The second pin (22) of the winding (41-44) is located in the second slot (52, 54, 56, 58) of the 6n layer (L6), wherein the second slot (52, 54, 56, 58) and the first slot (51, 53, 55, 57) are separated by a first distance (11) in the first circumferential direction of the stator (1); - The third pin (23) of the winding (41-44) is located in the third slot (71, 73, 75, 77) in the 6n-2 layer (L4); - The fourth pin (24) of the winding (41-44) is located in the fourth slot (72, 74, 76, 78) in the 6n-3 layer (L3); - The fifth pin (25) is located in the first slot (51, 53, 55, 57) in the 6n-5 layer (L1); - The sixth pin (26) of the winding (41-44) is located in the second slot (52, 54, 56, 58) in the 6n-4 layer (L2), wherein the distance between the third slot and the fourth slot is equal to the first distance (11).

2. The stator (1) according to claim 1, wherein the third slot (71, 73, 75, 77) is adjacent to the first slot (51, 53, 55, 57) and located on its adjacent side in the circumferential direction, and the fourth slot (72, 74, 76, 78) is located on the same adjacent side of the second slot (52, 54, 56, 58) in the circumferential direction.

3. The stator (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the stator (1) has a first end face (7) and a second end face (9); and - The first pin (21) and the second pin (22) are connected to each other on the second end face by a first connection type (61); - The second pin (22) and the third pin (23) are connected to each other on the first end face (7) by a second connection type (62); - The third pin (23) and the fourth pin (24) are connected to each other on the second end face by a third connection type (63); - The fourth pin (24) and the fifth pin (25) are connected to each other on the first end face (7) by a fourth connection type (64); - The fifth pin (25) and the sixth pin (26) are connected to each other on the second end face by a fifth connection type (65); Among them, the first, second, third, fourth and fifth connection types are different from each other.

4. The stator (1) according to claim 3, wherein the stator (1) has at least two windings (41-44), and at least a sixth pin (26) in the second slot (52, 54, 56, 58) is connected to a seventh pin (27) in the 6n-1 layer (L5) of the third slot (53) via a sixth connection type (66).

5. The stator (1) according to claim 4, wherein the stator (1) has a plurality of windings (41, 42) extending over the entire circumference of the stator (1) to form sub-coils.

6. The stator (1) according to claim 5, wherein a pin (21a, 21b, 28, 28a, 31a, 31b, 38, 38b) of each of the three sub-coils is connected to each other by a seventh connection type (67) or an eighth connection type (68) to form coils (201, 202).

7. The stator (1) according to claim 6, wherein the sub-coils form six coils that are assigned to three phases such that, in each case, two coils assigned to the same phase are located in four adjacent slots (51-58, 71-98).

8. The stator (1) according to claim 6 or 7, wherein an input (101, 105, 111, 115, 121, 125) of each of the end pins (21, 31) of at least two coils (201, 202) is connected to each other by a ninth connection type.

9. The stator (1) according to claim 8, wherein an output (103, 107, 113, 117, 123, 127) of each of the end pins (28b, 38b) of the two coils (201, 202) is connected to each other, thereby allowing the two coils (201, 202) to switch in parallel.

10. The stator (1) according to claim 9, wherein an output (103, 107, 113, 117, 123, 127) of each of the end pins (28b, 38b) of the two coils (201, 202) is connected to each other, thereby assigning the two coils (201, 202) to a phase.

11. A vehicle (403) having an electric motor (401) with a stator (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

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