Magnetic resonance apparatus and method of operating a magnetic resonance apparatus

Abstract

The invention proceeds from a magnetic resonance device for a supply system (12a; 12b; 12c), in particular a ship supply system, having at least one measuring unit (14a, 16a; 14b; 14c) for sensing a resonance signal of an operating medium, in particular fuel, handled by the supply system (12a; 12b; 12c). The invention proposes that the magnetic resonance device has an operating compensation unit (18a; 18b; 18c) for counteracting influences on the measurement by means of the measuring unit (14a, 16a; 14b; 14c) resulting from the operation and / or movement of the supply system (12a; 12b; 12c). The invention also proposes a method for operating a magnetic resonance device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a magnetic resonance device for a supply system, particularly a ship supply system, and a method for operating the magnetic resonance device. Background Technology

[0002] A magnetic resonance apparatus for a supply system has been proposed in DE 10 2015 226 179 A1, which has at least one measurement unit for sensing the resonance signal of the operating medium, particularly fuel, handled by the supply system. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention relates to a magnetic resonance apparatus for a supply system, particularly a ship supply system, having at least one measuring unit for sensing the resonance signal of the operating medium, particularly fuel, handled by the supply system.

[0004] It is proposed that the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) device has an operational compensation unit to counteract the effects on measurements taken by means of the measuring unit caused by the operation and / or movement of the supply system. Preferably, the supply system is configured to handle at least one operating medium. In particular, the supply system includes a storage container for storing the operating medium and / or a pipeline system for transporting the operating medium, particularly to the engine and / or storage container. For example, the operating medium is configured as fuel, hydraulic fluid, oil, or similar substances. Preferably, the supply system is configured to operate vehicles, particularly water vehicles, or to supply, particularly refuel, vehicles, particularly water vehicles. Preferably, the supply system is arranged on the vehicle, or the supply system is, for example, part of a filling station (Auffüllstation) in a port facility. In particular, the MRI device is configured to perform quality analysis of the operating medium. Preferably, the MRI device is configured to automatically sense and, particularly analyze, evaluate the resonance signal of the operating medium, particularly without operator intervention. "Configuration" can be understood in particular as specially configured, specially programmed, specially designed, and / or specially equipped. "Object set for a specific function" should be understood in particular as the object satisfying and / or implementing that specific function in at least one application state and / or runtime state.

[0005] Preferably, the measurement unit is configured to perform nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements. Alternatively or additionally, the measurement unit is configured to perform electron spin resonance (ESR) measurements. In particular, NMR and / or ESR measurements may include spectroscopic measurements, relaxation time measurements, or other sequence records known to those skilled in the art for NMR and / or ESR measurements. Preferably, the measurement unit includes at least one magnetic field generating device, particularly for generating a static magnetic field, especially for a predetermined quantization axis, during at least one measurement run. In particular, the magnetic field generating device for the static magnetic field may be constructed as a permanent magnet or an electromagnet. Preferably, the measurement unit includes at least one additional magnetic field generating device, particularly for emitting and / or receiving alternating magnetic fields, particularly in the high-frequency and / or microwave range, particularly for exciting atomic resonances in the operating medium. Preferably, the additional magnetic field generating device is constructed as a magnetic coil. Depending on the application, the additional magnetic field generating device may have other structural forms known to those skilled in the art for antennas in the high-frequency and / or microwave ranges, such as horn radiators, wire antennas printed on circuit boards, Vivaldi-Antennen antennas, or similar antennas. Preferably, the measuring unit includes at least one receiving antenna for receiving alternating magnetic fields, particularly resonant signals from the operating medium. Preferably, the receiving antenna is constructed to be structurally identical to, and particularly preferably identical to, the additional magnetic field generating device. Alternatively, the receiving antenna may be constructed separately from the additional magnetic field generating device.

[0006] Preferably, the measurement unit is configured to be arranged on the supply system, particularly for connection and / or integration into the supply lines of the supply system. Specifically, the measurement unit is configured to perform NMR and / or ESR measurements on the operating medium during operation of the supply system, particularly during vehicle movement. Alternatively or additionally, the magnetic resonance apparatus includes a measurement unit constructed independently of the supply system, which is particularly configured to perform NMR and / or ESR measurements on samples manually extracted from the supply system. Specifically, the independently constructed measurement unit is configured to perform NMR and / or ESR measurements on the operating medium during operation of the supply system, particularly before and / or during filling the storage container of the supply system and / or before and / or during filling with the supply system. Optionally, the measurement unit integrated into the supply system is configured additionally for measuring manually extracted samples.

[0007] Preferably, the operating compensation unit is configured to adapt the measuring unit to the operating conditions of the supply system, particularly the operating conditions of the operating medium, and / or to adapt the supply system, particularly the operating medium, to the measuring conditions of the measuring unit. In particular, the operating compensation unit includes at least one sample preparation element for adjusting the operating parameters of the operating medium, such as temperature, viscosity, homogeneity, pressure, flow rate, or similar parameters, particularly before NMR and / or ESR measurements. Preferably, the operating compensation unit includes at least one stabilizing element for adjusting the operating parameters of the measuring unit, particularly the magnetic field generating device, particularly the temperature, particularly according to the desired temperature of the operating medium.

[0008] Preferably, the operation compensation unit is configured to compensate for, reduce, and / or avoid interference to NMR and / or ESR measurements caused by operation and / or motion, particularly mechanical, thermal, and / or electromagnetic interference. Preferably, the operation compensation unit includes at least one magnetic field measuring element for measuring the static magnetic field of the magnetic field generating device, particularly for measuring and / or deriving magnetic field changes, especially for sensing the relative positional change of the measuring unit relative to the Earth's magnetic field. For example, the magnetic field measuring element functions through the measuring unit, particularly by performing NMR and / or ESR measurements on a reference sample and / or comparing it with a reference spectrum. For example, the magnetic field measuring element is constructed as a direct magnetic field sensor and / or as a soft sensor. For example, the magnetic field measuring element includes an antenna array in the high-frequency and / or microwave range, particularly a coil array, compass, gyroscope, Hall sensor, accelerometer, tachometer, or similar element. Preferably, the calculation unit is configured for correcting, particularly by calculation, the magnetic field changes. Additionally or alternatively, the operation compensation unit includes multiple compensation elements, particularly electromagnets, to utilize the magnetic field generated by the operation compensation unit to resist external magnetic field changes. In particular, the operation compensation unit is configured for real-time compensation using compensation elements. Preferably, the operation compensation unit includes at least one conductive shielding device, such as a cage and / or housing, particularly resistant to electromagnetic waves in the high-frequency and / or microwave ranges. Preferably, the operation compensation unit includes at least one magnetic shielding device, particularly a housing made of μ metal or ferromagnetic material, particularly resistant to static magnetic fields and / or low-frequency magnetic fields. In particular, at least one measuring unit is arranged within the shielding device and / or magnetic shielding device.

[0009] According to the configuration of the invention, a magnetic resonance device can be advantageously used during the operation of the supply equipment, especially during vehicle movement. In particular, the movement, rotation, and / or tilting of the magnetic resonance device, especially relative to an external magnetic field, particularly the Earth's magnetic field, and / or relative to the ferromagnetic components of the supply equipment, can be compensated for. In particular, it is advantageous to use the magnetic resonance device even when the vehicle is turning and / or experiencing turbulence. In particular, it is advantageous to reduce the interference effects of the operation of the supply equipment, such as vibration and / or temperature changes, on measurements. In particular, the magnetic resonance measuring device can advantageously achieve the following: the supply system and / or the appliances supplied by the supply system, especially, for example, motors, can be advantageously adjusted, especially regulated, according to the quality and / or composition of the operating medium during the operation of the supply equipment. In particular, it is advantageous to identify unsuitable operating media early and, for example, to advantageously trigger an emergency shutdown early. In particular, it is advantageous to keep the risk of adding and / or replenishing unsuitable and / or poor-quality operating media for the appliances supplied by the supply system low. In particular, it can advantageously keep the risk of premature wear and tear on the supply system and / or the equipment supplied by the supply system low.

[0010] Furthermore, the operation compensation unit, particularly the stabilizing element and / or sample preparation element, includes at least one temperature regulating element for temperature regulation of the measurement unit and / or supply system. For example, the temperature regulating element is configured as an electric heating element, cooling element, heat exchanger, heat pump, cooling circuit, heating circuit, Peltier element, or similar element. Preferably, the temperature regulating element, particularly configured as a sample preparation element, is configured for heating or cooling the operating medium. In particular, the temperature regulating element is arranged upstream and / or inside the measurement unit. Specifically, the temperature regulating element is arranged in, on, or around the supply line and / or in, on, or around the measurement line of the measurement unit, which is particularly connected to the supply line. In particular, the temperature regulating element is configured to adjust the viscosity of the operating medium within the measurement unit, particularly relative to a value outside the measurement unit, particularly upstream of the temperature regulating element, to decrease or increase the viscosity. Optionally, the operation compensation unit has an additional temperature regulating element, particularly configured as a stabilizing element, arranged within the measurement unit, particularly the magnetic field generating device. In particular, additional temperature control elements are configured to maintain the magnetic field generating device at a constant temperature, especially independent of the real-time temperature of the operating medium and / or the real-time temperature of the surrounding environment. For example, additional temperature control elements are configured to compensate for the heat flow from the operating medium to the measuring unit by cooling. For example, additional temperature control elements are configured to generate the heat flow from the measuring unit to the operating medium by heating and thereby maintain the magnetic field generating device at a constant temperature and, in particular, simultaneously assist in adjusting the viscosity of the operating medium. In particular, the temperature control elements and additional temperature control elements can be identical, can constitute different sections of the same component, or can be constructed relatively independently of each other. With the configuration of the present invention, especially even in the case of slow-flowing operating media (e.g., especially heavy oil), it is advantageous to achieve a sufficiently high and particularly advantageously uniform flow rate through the measuring unit. Furthermore, it is advantageous to maintain the magnetic field generated by the measuring unit, especially the magnetic field generating device, at a constant temperature, especially despite the operating medium being preheated for use, especially for combustion and / or for viscosity adjustment. In particular, it is advantageous to keep the risk of uncontrolled and / or uneven temperature changes in the magnetic field generating device low.

[0011] Furthermore, it is proposed that the operating compensation unit, particularly the stabilizing element, includes at least one insulating element for thermally decoupling the supply system and the measuring unit. Specifically, the insulating element is configured to compensate for, attenuate, and / or prevent heat flow between the measuring unit and the supply system, particularly between the particularly cold magnetic field generating device and the particularly hot operating medium. Specifically, the insulating element is arranged between the magnetic field generating device and the supply channel or measuring channel. Specifically, the magnetic field generating device is arranged at least through the insulating element, spaced apart from the supply channel or the measuring channel. Specifically, the insulating element can be constructed as a passive insulating element, such as a barrier material, a vacuum container, particularly a Dewar tube, a spacing element, or similar insulating element, or it can be constructed as an active insulating element, such as an electric heating element, a cooling element, a heat exchanger, a heat pump, a cooling circuit, a heating circuit, a Peltier element, or similar insulating element. Specifically, the insulating element and the temperature regulating element can be constructed as the same, or they can be constructed relatively separately from each other and, in particular, mutually compensate for each other. The configuration of the present invention advantageously maintains the magnetic field generated by the measuring unit, especially the magnetic field generating device, at a constant level, particularly even though the operating medium is preheated for use, especially for combustion and / or for viscosity adjustment. In particular, temperature variations in the magnetic field generating device can be advantageously delayed and / or reduced to such an extent that configuration compensation can be advantageously and simply achieved, for example, by adapting the supply current in the case of a magnetic coil configuration or by a compensation calculation step in the calculation unit.

[0012] Furthermore, the operating compensation unit, particularly the stabilizing element and / or sample preparation element, includes a bypass line on which a measuring unit is arranged, and the bypass line is configured to be connected in parallel with, particularly in fluid technology, the supply line of the supply system, as specifically mentioned. In particular, the bypass line is configured to extract a sample of the operating fluid from the supply line, particularly guiding the sample through the measuring unit for measurement, and particularly feeding it back into the supply line after measurement. In particular, the bypass line includes a measuring line. In particular, the bypass line includes at least one regulating valve for adjusting the flow rate through the measuring line. The configuration of the invention advantageously allows for measurements of small amounts of fuel. In particular, the cross-section of the measuring line can be advantageously kept small. In particular, the heat flow between the measuring line and the magnetic field generating device can be advantageously kept small. In particular, the average distance between the magnetic field generating device and / or additional magnetic field generating devices and the volume of the operating medium to be measured can be advantageously kept small. In particular, a large magnetic field strength can be advantageously achieved in the measuring line. In particular, high-resolution NMR and / or ESR measurements can be advantageously performed. Furthermore, the flow rate through the measurement unit can be maintained independently of the flow rate through the supply line.

[0013] Furthermore, it is proposed that the operating compensation unit, particularly the sample preparation element, has at least one solvent line for mixing solvent into the operating medium. Preferably, the solvent is configured to adjust, and in particular reduce, the viscosity of the operating medium. Preferably, the solvent is transparent for NMR and / or ESR measurements. For example, the solvent is configured as deuterated chloroform (CDCCl3) or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Preferably, the operating compensation unit includes at least one solvent storage container for storing the solvent. Preferably, the solvent line includes at least one solvent supply branch, particularly upstream of the measurement unit, particularly leading to a bypass line. Preferably, the solvent line includes at least one dispensing valve for adjusting the amount of solvent to be mixed with the operating medium. Preferably, the solvent supply branch is connected to the solvent storage container. Preferably, the solvent line includes a solvent return branch, particularly downstream of the measurement unit, particularly branching from the bypass line and particularly leading to a solvent removal container of the operating compensation unit. Alternatively, the bypass line is configured to feed the operating medium, along with the solvent, back into the supply line, particularly so that the solvent is burned, for example, in an engine supplied by the supply system. Optionally, the operating compensation unit includes an aftertreatment element arranged downstream of the measuring unit, particularly in the bypass line. Specifically, the bypass line has an aftertreatment branch that branches off from the measuring line upstream of the solvent feed point and leads particularly to the aftertreatment element. Preferably, the aftertreatment element is configured to mix the operating medium with the mixture of solvent and operating medium from the measuring line and thereby reduce the solvent concentration before being fed back into the supply line. With this configuration, the fuel temperature control requirement can be advantageously kept low, particularly eliminating the need for temperature control altogether. In particular, the heat exchange between the measuring unit and the supply system can be advantageously kept low. In particular, small linewidths and particularly high resolution energy can be advantageously achieved in NMR and / or ESR measurements.

[0014] Furthermore, it is proposed that the operation compensation unit includes at least one computing unit for analyzing and evaluating at least two different measuring elements of the measurement unit. The "computing unit" should be understood in particular as a unit having information input, information processing, and information output. Advantageously, the computing unit has at least one processor, memory, input and output devices, additional electronic components, an operating program, a regulation program, a control program, and / or a calculation program. Preferably, the components of the computing unit are arranged on a common circuit board and / or advantageously arranged in a common housing. Preferably, the measurement unit and the computing unit are configured to obtain the chemical fingerprint of the operating medium.

[0015] Preferably, the measurement unit includes at least one measurement element for NMR measurements, which is particularly preferably configured to sense the signals from hydrogen nuclei (…). 1 The resonance signal of H). In particular, the measuring element is configured to determine the resonant signal of the operating medium.1 H-spectrum. In particular, the computational unit is configured for use with H-spectrum. 1 The hydrocarbon distribution of the operating medium is determined by NMR spectroscopy. Preferably, the measuring element is configured to resolve and, in particular, quantify various hydrocarbons, such as aromatic compounds, aliphatic compounds, oxygen-containing compounds, or similar substances. Preferably, the measuring element is configured to measure the relaxation time (T1, T2) of hydrogen nuclei. Preferably, the calculation unit is configured to determine the viscosity of the operating medium, especially when diluted with a solvent, based on the relaxation time. Preferably, the measuring unit includes at least one additional measuring element for NMR measurements, which is configured, for example, to sense the resonance signal from aluminum nuclei. In particular, the calculation unit is configured to sense aluminum silicate, especially catalyst powder, based on the aluminum resonance signal from the additional measuring unit, and to trigger countermeasures, especially when the result is positive and especially when extreme values ​​are exceeded. Preferably, the measuring unit includes at least one additional measuring element for NMR measurements, which is configured, for example, to sense the resonance signal from carbon nuclei (… 13 The resonance signal of C). Preferably, the calculation unit is configured to create, refine, and / or expand the hydrocarbon distribution based on the carbon resonance signal from the additional measuring element. Preferably, the measuring unit is configured to perform two-dimensional NMR measurements, such as heteronuclear or homonuclear correlation spectroscopy (COZY), J-resolution spectroscopy (JRES), or similar methods, especially for determining hydrogen bonds (C). 1 H- 1 H) and / or carbon-hydrogen bonds (H) 1 H- 13C). In particular, these measuring elements can be constructed in an integrated manner, especially distinguished from each other only by operating additional magnetic field generating devices, or they can be constructed relatively separately. In particular, different measuring elements can be associated with different magnetic field generating devices and / or additional magnetic field generating devices optimized for corresponding resonance ranges, especially in terms of signal strength, of the measuring unit. In particular, additional magnetic field generating devices constructed relatively separately from each other for different measuring elements can be arranged embedded in each other or spaced apart from each other. In particular, different measuring elements can be associated with different magnetic field generating devices and / or the same magnetic field generating devices of the measuring unit. In particular, measuring elements constructed differently can be arranged in parallel or series with respect to the operating medium in a fluidic technique. It is conceivable that these measuring units are arranged on at least two different measuring lines and / or at least two different supply lines, which are provided, in particular, for supplying different operating media of the system, such as two different fuels or fuel and hydraulic fluid. It is particularly conceivable that a measuring unit includes at least two measuring elements arranged on different measuring lines and / or different supply lines. The configuration of this invention allows for advantageous and detailed analysis of the operating medium. In particular, it allows for advantageous and precise adjustment of the supply system and / or the appliances supplied by the supply system for the operating medium.

[0016] Furthermore, it is proposed that the operating compensation unit includes at least one additional sensor element for sensing another characteristic of the operating medium, particularly the sulfur content of the operating medium. In particular, the additional sensor element can be integrated into the measuring unit and / or arranged spaced apart from the measuring unit. For example, the additional sensor element is constructed as a X-ray fluorescence spectrometer, mass spectrometer, molecular absorption spectrometer, etc. Optionally, the computing unit is configured to query additional sensor data from the control device of the supply system, the control device of the appliance supplied by the supply system, and / or the control device of the vehicle, such as temperature, pressure, liquid level, global location of the supply equipment, orientation of the measuring unit relative to the Earth's magnetic field, or similar sensor data, and especially to consider these additional sensor data when processing and / or interpreting resonance signals and / or when evaluating the operating medium, for example, during sensor fusion. The configuration of the present invention advantageously provides a wide range of details regarding the characteristics of the operating medium.

[0017] Furthermore, a method for operating a magnetic resonance apparatus for a supply system, particularly for a ship supply system, is proposed, wherein, in at least one method step, a resonant signal of the operating medium, particularly fuel, disposed of by the supply system is sensed, and wherein, in at least one method step, the influence of the operation and / or movement of the supply system on measurements performed using the magnetic resonance apparatus is resisted. Optionally, the method includes at least one sample extraction step, in which a portion of the operating medium is extracted from the supply system via a bypass line and / or the user injects the operating medium into a sample container, particularly a portable one. Alternatively, the measurements performed using the magnetic resonance apparatus are carried out in the supply line. Preferably, the method includes at least one sample preparation step, which in particular includes at least one temperature control step and / or a solvent supply step. In particular, in the temperature control step, the operating medium is heated and / or cooled by means of a temperature control element and / or an insulating element. In particular, in the solvent supply step, the computing unit opens the solvent line. In particular, in the solvent supply step, the solvent and the operating medium are mixed, particularly upstream of the measuring unit. Preferably, after sample preparation, the operating medium is in a measuring state. Preferably, the method includes at least one delivery step in which the prepared running medium is supplied to the measurement unit. In particular, the delivery step can be performed by a pump, compressor, and / or magnetic resonance device of the supply system, or manually. Preferably, the method includes at least one measurement preparation step. In particular, in the measurement preparation step, the magnetic field generating device is heated and / or cooled by means of temperature regulating elements and / or heat insulation elements. Preferably, the method includes at least one measurement step in which an additional magnetic field generating device, particularly following a known sequence, sends an alternating magnetic field to the running medium and receives at least one resonance signal from the running medium. In particular, the resonance signal is sensed as free induction decay (FID). Preferably, in the measurement step, the calculation unit compensates for magnetic field variations by compensating for and / or filtering out low-frequency components of the resonance signal. Preferably, during the measurement step, the calculation unit coordinates the time progression of the NMR measurement and / or ESR measurement with the movement of the supply system. For example, the measurement step can be paused during a particularly non-uniform acceleration phase. Alternatively or additionally, the computing unit records the change curve of the magnetic field strength, especially the magnetic field fluctuation curve, using a magnetic field measuring element during the measurement step, and normalizes the resonance signal in the data analysis and evaluation of the method. Additionally or alternatively, during the measurement step, the computing unit records other sensor data, especially motion sensor data of the supply system, such as GPS data, compass data, speed data, and steering data obtained by querying the control device of the supply system, querying the appliances supplied by the supply system, and / or querying the vehicle. Optionally, the method includes at least one feedback step, in which, after the measurement step, the running fluid is fed back into the supply line via a bypass line.In particular, the method includes data analysis and evaluation, which comprises at least one post-processing step, at least one data processing step, and at least one interpretation step. Specifically, in the post-processing step, the computing unit processes the resonance signal, for example, to improve the signal-to-noise ratio, or to compensate for magnetic field drift, which is caused, in particular, by temperature drift of the magnetic field generating device and / or movement of the supply system, especially the movement of a vehicle. Specifically, in the data processing step, the computing unit determines the spectrum of the operating medium, particularly the carbon distribution and / or relaxation time, based on the resonance signal. Specifically, in the interpretation step, the computing unit automatically, particularly without operator intervention, analyzes and evaluates the data of the spectrum, relaxation time, and / or additional sensor elements into final data, particularly relevant to the application mode. Preferably, the final data includes the chemical composition of the operating medium, particularly at least the absolute and / or relative components of at least one component of the operating medium. Optionally, the final data includes the mixing ratio of two different operating media, such as the mixing ratio of heavy oil and distillate fuel. Preferably, the final data at least includes the presence or absence of aluminum silicate and / or other impurities in the operating medium, preferably including the amount of aluminum silicate and / or other impurities. Preferably, the final data includes the sulfur content of the operating medium. Optionally, the computing unit, particularly additionally, provides raw data, spectra, and / or relaxation times via its data interface during the output step, especially for external analysis, evaluation, and / or storage. With the configuration of the invention, NMR and / or ESR measurements can advantageously be performed during the operation and / or motion of the supply system. In particular, it is advantageous that no expertise and / or background knowledge regarding NMR and / or ESR measurements is required to implement the method.

[0018] Furthermore, it is proposed that in at least one method step of the method, a signal for operating the supply system is generated in relation to the sensed resonance signal. In particular, final data is output in the output step of the method. Specifically, the output to the operator can be achieved audibly, visually, and / or tactilely. Additionally or alternatively, the computing unit forwards the final data to the control device of the supply system and / or the control device of the appliances supplied by the supply system via the computing unit's data interface, for example, to automatically adapt the engine's operating parameters according to the composition of the operating medium. For example, the computing unit calculates the flammability of the operating medium based on the aromatic compound content, especially the content of monocyclic, bicyclic, tricyclic, and / or polycyclic aromatic compounds. For example, the computing unit calculates the ignition timing and / or injection timing of the operating medium for the engine based on the aromatic compound content. With the configuration of the present invention, the operating parameters of the supply system's control device and / or the control device of the appliances supplied by the supply system can be adapted and optimized, particularly in real-time, in terms of consumption, power, emissions, and wear protection, in a condition-dependent manner.

[0019] Furthermore, it is proposed that, in at least one step of the method, the solvent to be mixed in the operating medium is adjusted based on the relaxation time measurement by the measuring unit. In particular, the calculation unit adjusts the dispensing valve of the solvent line based on the final data, especially the relaxation time. With the configuration of the present invention, the viscosity of the operating medium and, in particular, the flow rate of the operating medium through the measuring unit can be advantageously kept constant. In particular, the amount of solvent to be mixed can be advantageously kept low.

[0020] Furthermore, it is proposed that the quality of the operating medium be evaluated in at least one method step. Preferably, the computing unit compares the final data with the final data stored in the computing unit's storage element and / or reference values ​​queried from an external database. In particular, the computing unit evaluates the operating medium at least in terms of compatibility with appliances supplied by the supply system and / or compatibility with another operating medium, especially its miscibility. In particular, this evaluation includes chemical composition, the presence of impurities, especially aluminum silicate, sulfur content, etc. Preferably, in the output step, the evaluation of the operating medium is output to the user, especially in the form of a summary statement, such as point values, percentages, signal light systems, etc. Preferably, the computing unit writes the evaluation of the operating medium, especially along with the identifying characteristics of the operating medium's source, especially the port and / or supplier, into the computing unit's storage element and / or transmits the identifying characteristics to an external database. With the configuration of the present invention, the operator can advantageously obtain an evaluation of the operating medium without expertise and / or background knowledge of NMR and / or ESR measurements. In particular, it can advantageously assist in the process of making decisions regarding whether to refuel and / or replenish the inspected fuel, and especially at what price to refuel and / or replenish the inspected fuel. In particular, it can advantageously establish and / or provide an internal and / or external database of operating media, in which evaluations of the operating media, sources, possible impurities, and / or optimized operating parameters of the supply system and / or the equipment supplied by the supply system are interconnected.

[0021] Furthermore, it is proposed that, in at least one method step, the switching of operating media, particularly the switching of fuel mixture ratio, is implemented based on measurements from a measuring unit. Specifically, the supply system handles at least two operating media for the same appliance, particularly an engine. In particular, the supply system changes the operating media supplied to the appliance and / or the mixture ratio of the operating media supplied to the appliance, depending on the situation. For example, a supply system configured as a ship supply system is configured to supply heavy fuel oil to ship engines, particularly in open waters, and particularly near the coast and / or upon entering a port. Preferably, the output step of the method is incorporated into the adjustment of the mixture ratio. In particular, a calculation unit continuously monitors the mixture ratio, particularly near the coast and / or upon entering a port. In particular, the calculation unit is configured to pre-calculate, particularly in coordination with the engine control unit, the emissions of the ship engine, particularly sulfur emissions, and, particularly in connection with this, adapt the fuel mixture ratio to the real-time location of the supply system, particularly relative to the coast and / or port, particularly to comply with local emission regulations. With the configuration of the invention, emission regulations can be advantageously and accurately complied with. In particular, it can advantageously keep the risk of switching the operating medium too late to a low level. In particular, it can advantageously keep the safe time period before fuel switching to a small level.

[0022] Furthermore, it is proposed that, in at least one method step, the preparation of the operating medium is carried out based on measurements from the measuring unit, particularly the removal of unwanted substances from the operating medium. For example, in the output step, if impurities, particularly aluminum silicate, are detected in the operating medium, the computing unit sends a signal to the control device of the supply system, particularly for adjusting the particulate filter of the supply system to reduce and / or eliminate the impurities. Optionally, the computing unit and the measuring unit are configured to sense other impurities in the operating medium, particularly when using sequence recordings specific to the impurities, by means of NMR and / or ESR measurements. Preferably, the computing unit adds the detection of impurities to the evaluation of the operating medium. In particular, the computing unit queries from storage elements and / or external databases for impurities related to the operating medium identified by the computing unit, and the measuring unit should check the operating medium for these impurities. With the configuration of the present invention, specific impurities can be advantageously and specifically removed. In particular, the efficiency of the supply system can be advantageously maintained at a high level. In particular, advantageous high wear protection and / or advantageous low risk of damage can be achieved for the supply system and / or the appliances supplied by means of the supply system.

[0023] Furthermore, a magnetic resonance device of the present invention and / or a method of using the magnetic resonance device for implementing the method of the present invention in a supply system, particularly a ship supply system, are proposed. In particular, the magnetic resonance device and / or the method are used in vehicle supply systems, particularly supply systems for watercraft, and especially preferably supply systems for motorized watercraft. In particular, the magnetic resonance device and / or the method are used to inspect the operating medium handled by the supply system, particularly fuel, hydraulic fluid, and / or oil. Preferably, the magnetic resonance device and / or the method are used to inspect the operating medium before and / or during the filling of the supply system, and in particular, to interrupt the filling if the operating medium is evaluated as incompatible and / or inferior by the magnetic resonance device and / or during the process. In particular, the magnetic resonance device and / or the method are used to monitor the operating medium during the supply of equipment by means of the supply system and to provide signals, particularly by means of automatically generated operating medium analysis, in order to adjust, particularly regulate, the operating parameters of the equipment and / or the supply system, for optimization, for example, in terms of efficiency, consumption of the operating medium, output power, emissions, wear protection, etc. The configuration of this invention allows for advantageous inspection of the operating medium of the supply system during operation, particularly during movement. In particular, it advantageously minimizes the risk of damage and / or premature wear of the supply system and / or the appliances supplied by it. For example, it advantageously minimizes the risk of accidental ignition of unburned fuel in the exhaust system of the supply system. For example, it advantageously minimizes the risk of bitumen formation in the fuel. For example, advantageously low emissions can be achieved during cold starts by calculating boiling point profiles and adjusting the injection volume of the operating medium.

[0024] In this document, the magnetic resonance apparatus, the method, and / or the method of use of the present invention are not limited to the applications and implementations described above. In particular, the magnetic resonance apparatus, the method, and / or the method of use of the present invention may have a number different from the number of the various elements, components, units, and method steps described herein in order to satisfy the operating mode described herein. Furthermore, for the value range given in this disclosure, values ​​within the mentioned extreme values ​​should also be considered public and can be used arbitrarily. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Further advantages are illustrated in the following figures. Three embodiments of the invention are shown in the figures. The figures, description, and claims contain multiple combinations of features. Those skilled in the art can also contemplate these features individually and summarize them into other meaningful combinations.

[0026] The attached diagram shows:

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a watercraft equipped with the magnetic resonance device of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the magnetic resonance device of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the measuring element of the magnetic resonance device of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the method of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of another magnetic resonance device of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the measuring element of another magnetic resonance device of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the additional magnetic resonance device of the present invention, and

[0034] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the measuring element of the additional magnetic resonance device of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0035] Figure 1The diagram illustrates the use of a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) device 10a in a supply system 12a, particularly in a ship supply system of a watercraft 42a (e.g., a container ship). Specifically, the supply system 12a is configured to handle at least one operating medium of the watercraft 42a. For example, the operating medium is configured as fuel, particularly marine fuel, preferably fuel according to ISO 8217, and configured as a hydraulic fluid or oil. Specifically, the supply system 12a is arranged in the machinery room 44a of the watercraft 42a. The MRI device 10a is configured for use in the supply system 12a. For example, the MRI device 10a is configured for quality control of the operating medium. For example, the MRI device 10a is configured for sensing operating parameters of the operating medium. The MRI device 10a is used in the supply system 12a. The MRI device 10a includes at least one measuring unit 14a, 16a. In particular, the MRI device 10a includes the measuring unit 14a integrated into the supply system 12a, particularly integrated into the supply line 26a of the supply system 12a. Alternatively or additionally, the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) device 10a includes a separate measurement unit 16a constructed independently of the supply system 12a. This separate measurement unit can be configured as, for example, a benchtop device, a built-in device, a portable device, or a similar device. In particular, the separately constructed separate measurement unit 16a is suitable for use in any space within the watercraft 42a. Specifically, the separately constructed separate measurement unit 16a includes at least one sample holding device 46a, which is specifically configured for manually filling or adding samples extracted from the supply system 12a and / or the filling device of the supply system 12a. For example, the sample holding device 46a is configured to receive, in particular, a sealed sample container, which preferably has a receiving volume of less than 100 ml. Measurement unit 14a and / or the other measurement unit 16a are configured to sense the resonance signal of the operating medium handled by the supply system 12a. The MRI device 10a includes an operating compensation unit 18a. The operation compensation unit 18a is configured to resist the effects of the operation and / or movement of the supply system 12a on the measurements performed by means of the measuring units 14a and 16a.

[0036] Figure 2The diagram illustrates the integration of a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) device 10a, particularly a measurement unit 14a, into a supply system 12a. For example, the supply system 12a is configured to supply fuel to an engine 48a, particularly a large engine of a watercraft 42a. Specifically, the supply system 12a includes at least one storage container 50a for an operating medium, which is particularly configured as heavy oil. Preferably, the supply system 12a includes at least one additional storage container 52a for another operating medium supplied to the system, which is particularly configured as distillate fuel. Preferably, the supply system 12a includes at least one mixing valve 54a, which is particularly configured to adjust the mixing ratio of these operating media, particularly heavy oil and distillate fuel. Preferably, the supply system 12a includes at least one distribution device 56a for distributing, particularly the mixed operating media, to different sections of the engine 48a, particularly different cylinders. Typically, the temperature of the operating media increases along the path from the supply system 12a to the engine 48a, particularly due to pre-temperature conditioning performed via the supply system 12a. Preferably, the magnetic resonance device 10a, and especially the measurement unit 14a, is arranged in a high-temperature region, for example, between 50°C and 150°C, particularly in the vicinity of the engine 48a, specifically for performing NMR and / or ESR measurements on the pre-temperature-controlled operating medium. In particular, the supply line 26a is part of a mixing section of the supply system 12a, in which the operating medium is present in a mixed state in at least one operating state of the supply system 12a. Specifically, the magnetic resonance device 10a is connected to the supply line 26a, which is specifically guided from the distribution device 56a to the engine 48a.

[0037] The operating compensation unit 18a includes a bypass line 24a. A measuring unit 16a is arranged on the bypass line 24a. The bypass line 24a is configured to be connected in parallel with the supply line 26a of the supply system 12a. Optionally, the operating compensation unit 18a includes a dispensing valve (not shown) at the bypass line 24a, particularly for controlling or regulating the flow through the bypass line 24a and, in particular, through the measuring unit 14a. Preferably, the measuring unit 14a includes at least one measuring element 32a. In particular, the measuring element 32a is configured for sensing a hydrogen resonance signal. Preferably, the measuring unit 14a includes at least one additional measuring element 34a. In particular, this additional measuring element 34a is configured for sensing an aluminum resonance signal. Preferably, the measuring unit 14a includes at least one additional measuring element 36a. In particular, the additional measuring element 36a is configured for sensing a carbon resonance signal. In particular, these measuring elements 32a, 34a, and 36a can be constructed integrated with each other or as separate components. In particular, these measuring elements 32a, 34a, and 36a can be connected in parallel or in series with respect to the operating medium. The operating compensation unit 18a includes at least one additional sensor element 38a. This additional sensor element 38a is configured to sense another characteristic of the operating medium, particularly the sulfur content of the operating medium. The operating compensation unit 18a includes at least one calculation unit 30a. The calculation unit 30a is configured to analyze and evaluate at least two different measuring elements 32a, 34a, and 36a of the measuring units 14a and 16a.

[0038] The operating compensation unit 18a has at least one solvent line 28a for mixing solvent into the operating medium. Specifically, the operating compensation unit 18a includes a solvent storage container 98a. Specifically, the solvent line 28a fluidly connects the solvent storage container 98a to the measuring unit 14a. Preferably, a solvent supply branch of the solvent line 28a leads to a sample extraction branch of the bypass line 24a. Preferably, a solvent return branch of the solvent line 28a branches off from the sample return branch of the bypass line 24a to the solvent storage container 98a. Specifically, the operating compensation unit 18a includes at least one dispensing valve (not shown here) for adjusting the solvent supply rate to the bypass line 24a.

[0039] Figure 3The measuring element 32a is shown. In particular, the measuring element 32a includes at least one magnetic field generating device 58a, especially a permanent magnet, for generating a static magnetic field, particularly having a magnetic flux density greater than 0.5T, preferably greater than 1T. Preferably, the measuring element 32a includes at least one measuring coil 60a, particularly for generating an alternating magnetic field and particularly for receiving resonant signals. In particular, the magnetic field generating device 58a surrounds the bypass line 24a in the radial direction. In particular, the measuring coil 60a surrounds the bypass line 24a in the radial direction. The operation compensation unit 18a includes at least one temperature regulating element 20a. The temperature regulating element 20a is configured for temperature regulation of the measuring unit 14a and / or the supply system 12a. The operation compensation unit 18a includes at least one thermal insulation element 22a. The thermal insulation element 22a is configured for thermal decoupling the supply system 12a and the measuring unit 14a. In particular, the thermal insulation element 22a is constructed as a temperature regulating tube, which is particularly configured for being traversed by a heat carrier. In particular, the temperature regulating element 20a is configured to actively regulate the heat transfer fluid within the insulating element 22a. In particular, the bypass line 24a is arranged within the insulating element 22a, at least within the measuring unit 14a. In particular, the magnetic field generating device 58a surrounds the insulating element 22a. In particular, the measuring coil 60a is arranged within the insulating element 22a. Preferably, the insulating element 22a and the bypass line 24 operate according to a direct current principle.

[0040] Figure 4Method 40a is shown. Method 40a is configured for operating a magnetic resonance apparatus 10a with a supply system 12a. In at least one step of method 40a, the effects of operation and / or movement of the supply system 12a on measurements performed using the magnetic resonance apparatus 10a are resisted. Preferably, method 40a includes at least one sample extraction step 62a. Preferably, method 40a includes at least one sample preparation step 64a. In particular, method 40a, especially sample preparation 64a, includes at least one temperature adjustment step 66a. Preferably, method 40a, especially sample preparation 64a, includes at least one solvent supply step 68a. At least in the solvent supply step 68a, the solvent mixture supplied to the operating medium is adjusted according to the relaxation time measurement of the measurement unit 14a. After sample preparation 64a, the sample is preferably in a measurement state 70. Preferably, method 40a includes at least one delivery step 72a. Preferably, method 40a includes at least one measurement preparation step 74a. Preferably, method 40a includes at least one measurement step 76a. At least in measurement step 76a, a resonant signal of the operating medium, particularly fuel, handled by the supply system 12a is sensed. Preferably, method 40a includes at least one feedback step 78a. Preferably, method 40a senses the resonant signal in measurement step 76a, and the resonant signal is converted into raw data 80a, which can be processed by computing unit 30a, particularly by analog-to-digital converters of measurement units 14a, 16a. Optionally, measurement units 14a, 16a include analog compensation devices for preprocessing the resonant signal, particularly filters, amplifiers, or similar devices. In particular, method 40a includes data analysis and evaluation 82a. In particular, method 40a, especially data analysis and evaluation 82a, includes at least one post-processing step 84a. In particular, method 40a, especially data analysis and evaluation 82a, includes at least one data processing step 86a. Optionally, the communication unit of the magnetic resonance device 10a exchanges information with a database 88a for data analysis and evaluation 82a, which is particularly locally created and / or accessible through local, regional, or global data networks. In particular, method 40a, especially data analysis and evaluation 82a, includes at least one additional post-processing step 90a. In particular, method 40a, especially data analysis and evaluation 82a, includes at least one interpretation step 92a. In particular, final data 94a is generated in the interpretation step 92a. Preferably, method 40a includes an output step 96a. At least in the output step 96a, a signal for operating the supply system 12a is generated based on sensing the resonance signal. The quality of the fuel is evaluated in at least one method step of method 40a. In at least one method step of method 40a, switching of the operating medium, especially switching of the fuel mixture ratio, is performed based on measurements from measuring units 14a and 16a. In at least one method step of method 40a, preparation of the operating medium is performed based on measurements from measuring units 14a and 16a, especially removal of unwanted substances from the operating medium.

[0041] exist Figures 5 to 8 Two further embodiments of the invention are shown below. The following description and drawings are essentially limited to the differences between these embodiments, wherein reference may also be made in principle to other embodiments, especially those with the same reference numerals, with respect to components that are likely labeled, particularly those having the same reference numerals. Figures 1 to 4 The accompanying drawings and / or descriptions are provided. To distinguish these embodiments, in... Figures 1 to 4 The letter 'a' is added after the reference numerals in the embodiments shown in the drawings. Figures 5 to 8 In some embodiments, the letter a is replaced by the letter b or c.

[0042] Figure 5 A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) device 10b is shown. The MRI device 10b is configured for use with a supply system 12b. The MRI device 10b includes at least one measuring unit 14b. The measuring unit 14b is configured to sense the resonance signal of the operating medium disposed of by the supply system 12b. In particular, the operating medium is configured as a fuel. The MRI device 10b includes an operating compensation unit 18b. The operating compensation unit 18b is configured to resist the effects of the operation and / or movement of the supply system 12b on measurements performed by means of the measuring unit 14b. In particular, the supply system 12b does not have a solvent supply line.

[0043] Figure 6 The measuring element 32b of the measuring unit 14b is shown. In particular, the operation compensation unit 18b includes an insulating element 22b and / or a temperature regulating element 20b. Specifically, the insulating element 22b and the temperature regulating element 20b together constitute a heat engine, which is particularly configured to heat the bypass line 24b of the operation compensation unit 18b and / or cool the magnetic field generating device 58b of the measuring element 32b. For example, the insulating element 22b and the temperature regulating element 20b are constructed as Peltier elements, heating elements, cooling elements, or piezoelectric elements.

[0044] For other features and / or functions of the MRI device 10b, please refer to [reference needed]. Figures 1 to 4 Explanation.

[0045] Figure 7 A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) device 10c is shown. The MRI device 10c is configured for use with a supply system 12c. The MRI device 10c includes at least one measuring unit 14c. The measuring unit 14c is configured to sense the resonant signal of an operating medium disposed of by the supply system 12c. The operating medium is particularly configured as fuel. The MRI device 10c includes an operating compensation unit 18c. The operating compensation unit 18c is configured to resist the effects of operation and / or movement of the supply system 12c on measurements performed by means of the measuring unit 14c. In particular, the measuring unit 14c is directly integrated into the supply line 26c of the supply system 12c, especially without a bypass line.

[0046] Figure 8 The measuring element 32c of the measuring unit 14c is shown. In particular, the operation compensation unit 18c includes at least one heat-insulating element 22c. The heat-insulating element 22c is particularly constructed as a barrier material or a vacuum container. In particular, the operation compensation unit 18c includes at least one temperature-regulating element 20c. In particular, the temperature-regulating element 20c is configured to regulate the temperature of the magnetic field generating device 58c of the measuring element 32c to a temperature greater than or equal to the operating medium temperature.

[0047] For other features and / or functions of the 10c magnetic resonance imaging device, please refer to [reference needed]. Figures 1 to 6 Explanation.

[0048] exist Figure 2 , 3 And in figures 5 to 8, the measuring units 14a, 14b, 14c arranged on the supply systems 12a, 12b, 12c are discussed in particular detail. However, regardless of the specific manner in which they are incorporated into the supply systems 12a, 12b, 12c, all the disclosed features can also be transferred to another measuring unit 16a constructed independently. In particular, the supply systems 12a, 12b, 12c, bypass lines 24a, 24b, and supply line 26c can be replaced in the aforementioned figures by the measuring unit 16a, particularly by a tubular sample container.

Claims

1. A magnetic resonance apparatus for a supply system (12a; 12b; 12c), the magnetic resonance apparatus having at least one measuring unit (14a, 16a; 14b; 14c) for sensing the resonance signal of an operating medium processed by the supply system (12a; 12b; 12c), characterized in that, An operation compensation unit (18a; 18b; 18c) is provided to resist the effects of the operation and / or movement of the supply system (12a; 12b; 12c) on measurements performed by means of the measuring unit (14a, 16a; 14b; 14c), wherein the operation compensation unit (18a; 18b; 18c) has at least one temperature regulating element (20a; 20b; 20c) for adjusting the temperature of the measuring unit (14a, 16a; 16b; 16c) and / or the supply system (12a; 12b; 12c). 12c) Temperature adjustment is performed, wherein the at least one temperature adjustment element can be used to adjust the operating parameters of the operating medium, wherein the operating compensation unit has at least one solvent line (28a) for mixing solvent into the operating medium, the solvent being configured to adjust the viscosity of the operating medium, wherein the solvent line includes at least one dispensing valve for adjusting the amount of solvent to be mixed with the operating medium, and wherein the at least one temperature adjustment element can also be used to adjust the operating parameters of the magnetic field generating device in the measuring unit for generating a static magnetic field.

2. The magnetic resonance device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The operation compensation unit (18a; 18b; 18c) has at least one thermal insulation element (22a; 22b; 22c) for thermally decoupling the supply system (12a; 12b; 12c) and the measuring unit (16a; 16b; 16c).

3. The magnetic resonance device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The operation compensation unit (18a; 18b) includes a bypass line (24a; 24b) on which the measuring unit (16a; 16b) is arranged, and the bypass line is configured to be connected in parallel with the supply line (26a; 26b) of the supply system (12a; 12b).

4. The magnetic resonance device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The operation compensation unit (18a; 18b; 18c) has at least one calculation unit (30a; 30b; 30c) for analyzing and evaluating at least two different measuring elements (32a, 34a, 36a; 32b, 34b, 36b; 32c, 34c, 36c) of the measuring unit (14a, 16a; 14b; 14c).

5. The magnetic resonance device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The operation compensation unit (18a; 18b; 18c) includes at least one additional sensor element (38a; 38b; 38c) for sensing another operating medium characteristic of the operating medium.

6. The magnetic resonance device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The supply systems (12a; 12b; 12c) are ship supply systems.

7. The magnetic resonance device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The operating medium is fuel.

8. The magnetic resonance device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The other characteristic of the operating medium is its sulfur content.

9. A method for operating a magnetic resonance apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims for a supply system (12a; 12b; 12c), wherein, In at least one method step, a resonant signal of the operating medium handled by the supply system (12a; 12b; 12c) is sensed, characterized in that, in at least one method step, the influence of the operation and / or movement of the supply system (12a; 12b; 12c) on measurements performed by means of the magnetic resonance apparatus is resisted.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, In at least one method step, a signal for operating the supply system (12a; 12b; 12c) is generated in relation to the sensing of the resonant signal.

11. The method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that, In at least one method step, the mixing solvent in the operating medium is adjusted based on the relaxation time measurement of the measuring unit (14a; 14b).

12. The method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that, The quality of the operating medium is evaluated in at least one methodological step.

13. The method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that, In at least one method step, the operating medium is switched based on the measurements taken by the measurement units (14a, 16a; 14b; 14c).

14. The method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that, In at least one method step, the preparation of the operating medium is carried out based on measurements taken by the measuring units (14a, 16a; 14b; 14c).

15. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The supply systems (12a; 12b; 12c) are ship supply systems.

16. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The operating medium is fuel.

17. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that, The switching of the operating medium includes switching the fuel mixture ratio.

18. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that, The preparation of the operating medium includes removing unwanted substances from the operating medium.

19. An application of a magnetic resonance apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8 and / or an application of a magnetic resonance apparatus for implementing the method according to any one of claims 9 to 18, used on a supply system (12a; 12b; 12c).

20. The application according to claim 19, characterized in that, The supply systems (12a; 12b; 12c) are ship supply systems.

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