Light-emitting element and electronic device including the same

Abstract

Disclosed are a light-emitting element including a layer containing an oxide of an inorganic compound, an electronic device including the same, and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a light-emitting element and an electronic device comprising the same. Background Art

[0002] Organic light emitting devices (OLEDs), as self-luminous devices, not only have a wider viewing angle and better contrast than existing devices, but also have a shorter response time and superior luminance characteristics, driving voltage characteristics, and response speed characteristics.

[0003] The organic light-emitting element may have a structure in which a first electrode is arranged on top of a substrate, and a hole transport region, a light-emitting layer, an electron transport region, and a second electrode are sequentially formed on top of the first electrode. Holes injected from the first electrode can move toward the light-emitting layer through the hole transport region, and electrons injected from the second electrode can move toward the light-emitting layer through the electron transport region. The hole and electron carriers recombine in the light-emitting layer to generate excitons. These excitons transition from an excited state to a ground state, generating light. Summary of the Invention

[0004] An object of the present invention is to provide a light-emitting element having improved quantum efficiency by an optical method.

[0005] According to one aspect, a light emitting element is provided, comprising:

[0006] a first electrode;

[0007] a second electrode, facing the first electrode; and

[0008] an intermediate layer, arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode, comprising a light-emitting layer,

[0009] Wherein, the intermediate layer includes:

[0010] A layer, including oxides of inorganic compounds;

[0011] A B layer adjacent to an upper portion of the A layer including an oxide of an inorganic compound; and

[0012] A C layer adjacent to the lower portion of the A layer comprising an oxide of an inorganic compound,

[0013] The refractive index a of the A layer including an oxide of an inorganic compound, the refractive index b of the B layer adjacent to the upper portion of the A layer including an oxide of an inorganic compound, and the refractive index c of the C layer adjacent to the lower portion of the A layer including an oxide of an inorganic compound all satisfy the following equations (1) and (2):

[0014] ba=0.1~0.6 (1)

[0015] ca=0.1~0.6 (2).

[0016] From another perspective,

[0017] An electronic device is provided, comprising: a thin film transistor and the light-emitting element, wherein the thin film transistor comprises a source electrode, a drain electrode, an active layer and a gate electrode, and a first electrode of the light-emitting element and one of the source electrode and the drain electrode of the thin film transistor are electrically connected to each other.

[0018] A light emitting element according to an embodiment has a structure capable of optically increasing light intensity and improving quantum efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 are diagrams schematically illustrating the structures of light-emitting elements according to an implementation example.

[0020] Explanation of symbols

[0021] 10: Light-emitting element

[0022] 110: First electrode

[0023] 150: Middle layer

[0024] 190: Second electrode DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In the prior art, an optical cavity is formed using only an organic layer, an electrode, and a capping layer, which has limitations in obtaining a long-life blue wavelength.

[0026] Furthermore, when manufacturing a device using a phosphorescent blue dopant, there are difficulties in matching color coordinates while maintaining a long life at a short wavelength.

[0027] According to one aspect, a light emitting element includes: a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; and

[0028] an intermediate layer, arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode, comprising a light-emitting layer,

[0029] Wherein, the intermediate layer includes:

[0030] A layer, including oxides of inorganic compounds;

[0031] A B layer adjacent to an upper portion of the A layer including an oxide of an inorganic compound; and

[0032] A C layer adjacent to the lower portion of the A layer comprising an oxide of an inorganic compound,

[0033] The relationship among the refractive index a of the layer A comprising an oxide of an inorganic compound, the refractive index b of the layer B adjacent to the upper portion of the layer A comprising an oxide of an inorganic compound, and the refractive index c of the layer C adjacent to the lower portion of the layer A comprising an oxide of an inorganic compound all satisfies the following formulas (1) and (2):

[0034] ba=0.1~0.6 (1)

[0035] ca=0.1~0.6 (2).

[0036] Formula (1) indicates that the refractive index of layer A is 0.1 to 0.6 lower than the refractive index of layer B, and formula (2) indicates that the refractive index of layer A is 0.1 to 0.6 lower than the refractive index of layer C. For example, the refractive index of layer A may be 0.3 to 0.6 lower than the refractive index of layer B. For example, the refractive index of layer A may be 0.3 to 0.6 lower than the refractive index of layer C.

[0037] A light-emitting element according to one embodiment of the present invention includes a layer B and a layer C adjacent to each other above and below layer A, respectively. The refractive index of layer A may be 0.1 to 0.6 lower than the refractive index of layers B and C. For example, the refractive index of layer A may be 0.1 to 0.6 lower than the refractive index of layers B and C. For example, the refractive index of layer A may be 0.3 to 0.6 lower than the refractive index of layers B and C. The refractive index is a value measured at λ = 589 nm.

[0038] Specifically, the refractive index structure is high (layer B) / low (layer A) / high (layer C). The light-emitting element according to one embodiment of the present invention has increased reflectivity due to this structure. This is presumably because the emitted light reflects between the organic layer and layer A, which is composed of an inorganic compound oxide, contributing to resonance.

[0039] According to an implementation example, the upper portion and the lower portion of the A layer may be connected to the B layer and the C layer or the C layer and the B layer, respectively.

[0040] According to an embodiment, the refractive index (a) of the A layer including an oxide of an inorganic compound may be 1.4 to 1.6. Inorganic compounds are the opposite of organic compounds including carbon, and refer to compounds that do not include carbon. Oxides refer to compounds that include oxygen.

[0041] According to an implementation example, the refractive index (b) of the B layer adjacent to the upper portion of the A layer including the oxide of the inorganic compound may be 1.5 to 2.0. For example, the refractive index (b) of the B layer may be 1.7 to 2.0.

[0042] According to an implementation example, the refractive index (c) of the C layer adjacent to the lower portion of the A layer including the oxide of the inorganic compound may be 1.5 to 2.0. For example, the refractive index (c) of the C layer may be 1.7 to 2.0.

[0043] According to an implementation example, the first electrode may be an anode, and the second electrode may be a cathode.

[0044] According to an implementation example, the light emitting element may further include a capping layer, and the refractive index of the capping layer may be 1.5 to 2.0.

[0045] According to an implementation example, the thickness of the A layer can be to The thickness of the A layer is less than In the case of light can pass through without being reflected, the thickness of the A layer is greater than In the case of , the quantum efficiency may decrease because the amount of light absorbed by the A layer is large.

[0046] According to an implementation example, the light-emitting element may further include a capping layer, and the A layer may be located between the light-emitting layer and the capping layer.

[0047] According to one implementation example, the intermediate layer of the light-emitting element may include: i) a capping layer; ii) a hole transport region, arranged between the first electrode and the light-emitting layer, and including a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, a light-emitting auxiliary layer, an electron blocking layer or any combination thereof; and iii) an electron transport region, arranged between the light-emitting layer and the second electrode, and including a hole blocking layer, a buffer layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer or any combination thereof.

[0048] The buffer layer is a layer that plays a role in matching energy levels between the light emitting layer and the electron transport layer.

[0049] According to an implementation example, the inorganic compound may be Al, Si, In, Ga, Zn or any combination thereof.

[0050] According to an embodiment, the oxide of the inorganic compound may be crystalline or amorphous. Preferably, the oxide of the inorganic compound may be amorphous.

[0051] According to an embodiment, the oxide of the inorganic compound may be Al2O3, SiO x (0 <x≤2)、Si x (Al2O3) 1-x(0.4≤x<1), amorphous indium gallium zinc oxide (a-IGZO: amorphous Indium gallium zinc oxide), amorphous indium zinc oxide (a-IZO: amorphous Indium zinc oxide), In2O3 or any combination thereof.

[0052] According to an implementation example, the B layer may be an electron transport layer, and the C layer may be a light emitting layer. That is, the light emitting element may include a structure of electron transport layer / A layer including an oxide of an inorganic compound / light emitting layer.

[0053] According to one embodiment, the B layer may be an electron transport layer, and the C layer may be a buffer layer. That is, the light-emitting element may include a structure of an electron transport layer / a layer comprising an inorganic compound oxide / a buffer layer. Furthermore, the buffer layer may be in contact with the light-emitting layer.

[0054] According to an implementation example, the B layer may be an electron injection layer, and the C layer may be an electron transport layer. That is, the light emitting element may include a structure of electron injection layer / layer A containing an oxide of an inorganic compound / electron transport layer.

[0055] According to an implementation example, the B layer may be a capping layer, and the C layer may be an electron injection layer. That is, the light-emitting element may include a structure of capping layer / layer A containing an oxide of an inorganic compound / electron injection layer.

[0056] According to an implementation example, the light-emitting layer may be a blue light-emitting layer.

[0057] According to an implementation example, the light-emitting layer may include a phosphorescent dopant.

[0058] According to an implementation example, the light emitting element may be a front-emitting element.

[0059] An electronic device is provided, comprising a thin film transistor and the light-emitting element, wherein the thin film transistor comprises a source electrode, a drain electrode, an active layer and a gate electrode, and a first electrode of the light-emitting element and one of the source electrode and the drain electrode of the thin film transistor are electrically connected to each other.

[0060] In this specification, "intermediate layer" refers to a single layer and / or multiple layers sandwiched between the first electrode and the second electrode in the light-emitting element. The material included in the "intermediate layer" can be organic, inorganic, or any combination thereof.

[0061] [about Figure 1 Description]

[0062] Figure 1FIG1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a light emitting element 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The light emitting element 10 includes a first electrode 110 , an intermediate layer 150 , and a second electrode 190 .

[0063] Below, refer to Figure 1 The structure and manufacturing method of the light emitting element 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention are described below.

[0064] [First electrode 110]

[0065] exist Figure 1 A substrate may be additionally disposed on a lower portion of the first electrode 110 or an upper portion of the second electrode 190. A glass substrate or a plastic substrate may be used as the substrate.

[0066] The first electrode 110 can be formed by providing a first electrode material on a substrate by deposition or sputtering, etc. When the first electrode 110 is an anode, a high work function material that easily injects holes can be used as the first electrode material.

[0067] The first electrode 110 may be a reflective electrode, a semi-transmissive electrode, or a transmissive electrode. To form the first electrode 110 as a transmissive electrode, indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), tin oxide (SnO2), zinc oxide (ZnO), or any combination thereof may be used as the first electrode material, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Alternatively, to form the first electrode 110 as a semi-transmissive electrode or a reflective electrode, magnesium (Mg), silver (Ag), aluminum (Al), aluminum-lithium (Al-Li), calcium (Ca), magnesium-indium (Mg-In), magnesium-silver (Mg-Ag), or any combination thereof may be used as the first electrode material, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0068] The first electrode 110 may have a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure including a plurality of layers. For example, the first electrode 110 may have a three-layer structure of ITO / Ag / ITO, but is not limited thereto.

[0069] [Middle layer 150]

[0070] An intermediate layer 150 is disposed on the first electrode 110. The intermediate layer 150 includes a light-emitting layer.

[0071] The intermediate layer 150 may further include: a hole transport region disposed between the first electrode 110 and the light emitting layer; and an electron transport region disposed between the light emitting layer and the second electrode 190 .

[0072] In addition to various organic substances, the intermediate layer 150 may further include metal-containing compounds such as organometallic compounds, inorganic substances such as quantum dots, and the like.

[0073] The intermediate layer 150 may include the A layer including an oxide of an inorganic compound. For details, please refer to the above content.

[0074] [Hole Transport Region in Intermediate Layer 150]

[0075] The hole transport region may have i) a single-layer structure consisting of a single layer composed of a single substance, ii) a single-layer structure consisting of a single layer including a plurality of substances different from each other, or iii) a multilayer structure including a plurality of layers including a plurality of substances different from each other.

[0076] The hole transport region may include a hole injection layer (HIL), a hole transport layer (HTL), a light emitting auxiliary layer, an electron blocking layer (EBL), or any combination thereof.

[0077] For example, the hole transport region may have a multilayer structure of hole injection layer / hole transport layer, hole injection layer / hole transport layer / luminescence auxiliary layer, hole injection layer / luminescence auxiliary layer, hole transport layer / luminescence auxiliary layer or hole injection layer / hole transport layer / electron blocking layer stacked in sequence from the first electrode 110, but is not limited thereto.

[0078] The hole transport region may include: a compound represented by the following Chemical Formula 201; a compound represented by the following Chemical Formula 202; or any combination thereof:

[0079] <Chemical Formula 201>

[0080]

[0081] <Chemical Formula 202>

[0082]

[0083] In the chemical formula 201 and the chemical formula 202,

[0084] L 201 To L 204 are independently substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkylene, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkylene, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10Cycloalkenylene, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkenylene, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Arylene, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 a heteroarylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, or a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group,

[0085] L 205 For *-O-*', *-S-*', *-N(Q 201 )-*', substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 20 Alkylene, substituted or unsubstituted C2-C 20 Alkenylene, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkylene, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkylene, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenylene, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkenylene, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Arylene, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 a heteroarylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, or a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group,

[0086] xa1 to xa4 are independently 0, 1, 2 or 3 (e.g., 0, 1 or 2),

[0087] xa5 is one of integers from 1 to 10 (e.g., 1, 2, 3, or 4),

[0088] R 201 to R 204 and Q 201 may be independently substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryloxy, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Arylthio, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 a heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, or a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group.

[0089] For example, in the chemical formula 202, R 201 and R 202can be optionally linked to each other via single bonds, dimethyl-methylene or diphenyl-methylene, R 203 and R 204 They may optionally be linked to one another via single bonds, dimethyl-methylene groups or diphenyl-methylene groups.

[0090] As another example, i) R of the chemical formula 201 201 to R 203 At least one of ii) R of the chemical formula 202 201 to R 204 At least one of them can be independently deuterated, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20 Alkoxy, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, C1-C 10 Alkyl-substituted phenyl, -F-substituted phenyl, naphthyl, phenanthryl, indenyl, fluorenyl, dimethylfluorenyl, diphenylfluorenyl, spirobifluorenyl, benzofluorenyl, dimethylbenzofluorenyl, diphenylbenzofluorenyl, indenophenanthryl, dimethylindenophenanthryl, diphenylindenophenanthryl, pyridyl, pyrrolyl, thienyl, furyl, indolyl, phenylindolyl, benzindolyl, phenylbenzindolyl, isoindolyl, phenylisoindolyl, benzisoindolyl, phenylbenzisodolyl, benzothiophene, dimethylbenzothiophene, diphenylbenzothiophene, benzothiophene At least one of substituted or unsubstituted fluorenyl, spirobifluorenyl, benzofluorenyl, indenophenanthryl, pyridyl, pyrrolyl, thienyl, furyl, indolyl, benzindolyl, isoindolyl, benzisoindolyl, benzothiolsyl, benzothiophenyl, benzofuranyl, carbazolyl, dibenzothiolsyl, dimethyldibenzothiolsyl, diphenyldibenzothiolsyl, dibenzothiophenyl and dibenzofuranyl may be substituted or unsubstituted fluorenyl, spirobifluorenyl, benzofluorenyl, indenophenanthryl, pyridyl, pyrrolyl, thienyl, furyl, indolyl, benzindolyl, isoindolyl, benzisoindolyl, benzothiolsyl, benzothiophenyl, benzofuranyl, carbazolyl, dibenzothiolsyl, dibenzothiophenyl or dibenzofuranyl, but is not limited thereto.

[0091] As yet another example, the compound represented by Chemical Formula 201 or Chemical Formula 202 may include at least one carbazole group.

[0092] As yet another example, the compound represented by Chemical Formula 201 may not include a carbazole group.

[0093] As another example, the compound represented by Chemical Formula 201 may be represented by the following Chemical Formula 201A-1:

[0094] <Chemical Formula 201A-1>

[0095]

[0096] In the chemical formula 201A-1, regarding L 203 , xa3 and R 203 Please refer to the description in this manual, R 211 to R 216 can be independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20 Alkoxy, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, C1-C 10 Alkyl-substituted phenyl, -F-substituted phenyl, naphthyl, phenanthrenyl, indenyl, fluorenyl, dimethylfluorenyl, diphenylfluorenyl, spirobifluorenyl, benzofluorenyl, dimethylbenzofluorenyl, diphenylbenzofluorenyl, indenophenanthryl, dimethylindenophenanthryl, diphenylindenophenanthryl, pyridyl, pyrrolyl, thienyl, furyl, indolyl, phenylindolyl, benzindolyl, phenylbenzindolyl benzothiophene, benzofuranyl, carbazolyl, benzocarbazolyl, dibenzocarbazolyl, dibenzothiophene, dimethyldibenzothiophene, diphenyldibenzothiophene, or dibenzofuranyl.

[0097] The hole transport region may include one of the following compounds HT1 to HT44, m-MTDATA, TDATA, 2-TNATA, NPB (NPD), β-NPB, TPD, spiro-TPD, spiro-NPB, methylated NPB, TAPC, HMTPD, 4,4',4"-tris(N-carbazolyl)triphenylamine (TCTA), polyaniline / dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (Pani / DBSA), poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) / poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT / PSS), polyaniline / camphorsulfonic acid (PANI / CSA), polyaniline / camphorsulfonic acid (PANI / CSA), polyaniline / dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (PANI / DBSA), poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) / poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT / PSS), polyaniline / camphorsulfonic acid (PANI / CSA ... sulfonicacid), polyaniline / poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PANI / PSS:Polyaniline / Poly(4-styrenesulfonate)) or any combination thereof, but not limited thereto:

[0098]

[0099]

[0100]

[0101]

[0102]

[0103] The thickness of the hole transport region may be approximately to approximately For example, it can be approximately to approximately If the hole transport region includes at least one of a hole injection layer and a hole transport layer, the thickness of the hole injection layer may be approximately to approximately For example, it can be approximately to approximately The thickness of the hole transport layer may be approximately to approximately For example, it can be approximately to approximately When the thicknesses of the hole transport region, the hole injection layer, and the hole transport layer fall within the aforementioned ranges, satisfactory hole transport characteristics can be obtained without substantially increasing the driving voltage.

[0104] The luminescence-assisting layer is a layer that increases light emission efficiency by compensating for the optical resonance distance depending on the wavelength of light emitted from the luminescent layer, and the electron blocking layer is a layer that prevents electron injection from the electron transport region. The luminescence-assisting layer and the electron blocking layer may include the substances described above.

[0105] [p-dopant]

[0106] In addition to the above-mentioned substances, the hole transport region may include a charge generating substance to improve conductivity. The charge generating substance may be uniformly or non-uniformly dispersed in the hole transport region.

[0107] The charge generating substance may be, for example, a p-dopant.

[0108] As another example, the LUMO energy level of the p-dopant may be -3.5 eV or less.

[0109] The p-dopant may include a quinone derivative, a metal oxide, a cyano-containing compound, or any combination thereof, but is not limited thereto.

[0110] For example, the p-dopant may include:

[0111] Quinone derivatives such as TCNQ and F4-TCNQ;

[0112] Metal oxides such as tungsten oxide and molybdenum oxide;

[0113] Cyano-containing compounds such as HAT-CN;

[0114] a compound represented by the following Chemical Formula 221; or

[0115] Any combination of

[0116] But it’s not limited to this:

[0117]

[0118]

[0119] <Chemical Formula 221>

[0120] In the chemical formula 221,

[0121] R 221 to R 223 are independently substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group or substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, wherein R 221 to R 223 At least one of them can be independently selected from the group consisting of cyano, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C substituted by at least one -F 20 Alkyl, C1-C substituted by at least one -Cl 20 Alkyl, C1-C substituted with at least one -Br 20 Alkyl and C1-C substituted by at least one -I 20 Alkyl; or any combination thereof substituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10Heterocycloalkenyl, C6-C 60 Aryl, C1-C 60 a heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, or a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group.

[0122] [Light-emitting layer in the intermediate layer 150]

[0123] In the case where the light-emitting element 10 is a full-color light-emitting element, the light-emitting layer can be patterned into a red light-emitting layer, a green light-emitting layer, and / or a blue light-emitting layer according to independent sub-pixels. Alternatively, the light-emitting layer can have a structure in which two or more of the red light-emitting layer, the green light-emitting layer, and the blue light-emitting layer are stacked in a contacting or spaced manner, or can have a structure in which two or more of the red light-emitting material, the green light-emitting material, and the blue light-emitting material are mixed without layer distinction, thereby emitting white light.

[0124] The light emitting layer may include a host and a dopant. The dopant may include a phosphorescent dopant, a fluorescent dopant, or any combination thereof.

[0125] The content of the dopant in the light emitting layer may be about 0.01 parts by weight to about 15 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the host, but is not limited thereto.

[0126] Alternatively, the light-emitting layer may include quantum dots.

[0127] The thickness of the light emitting layer may be approximately to approximately For example, it can be approximately to approximately When the thickness of the light-emitting layer satisfies the aforementioned range, excellent light-emitting characteristics can be exhibited without substantially increasing the driving voltage.

[0128] [Subject in the luminous layer]

[0129] The host may include a compound represented by the following Chemical Formula 301.

[0130] <Chemical Formula 301>

[0131] [Ar 301 ] xb11 -[(L 301 ) xb1 -R 301 ] xb21

[0132] In the chemical formula 301,

[0133] Ar 301 is substituted or unsubstituted C5-C 60Carbocyclic or substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, xb11 is 1, 2 or 3,

[0134] L 301 is substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkylene, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkylene, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenylene, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkenylene, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Arylene, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 heteroarylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group,

[0135] xb1 is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5,

[0136] R 301 is deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C2-C 60 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C2-C 60 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryloxy, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Arylthio, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, -Si(Q 301 )(Q 302 )(Q 303 )、-N(Q 301 )(Q 302 )、-B(Q 301 )(Q 302 ),-C(=O)(Q 301 )、-S(=O)2(Q 301 ) or -P(=O)(Q 301 )(Q 302 ),

[0137] xb21 is 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5,

[0138] About Q 301 To Q 303 For the description of Q1, please refer to the description of Q1 in this manual.

[0139] For example, in the chemical formula 301, when there are two or more xb11, two or more Ar 301 can be connected to each other by a single bond.

[0140] As another example, the body may include: a compound represented by the following Chemical Formula 301-1; a compound represented by the following Chemical Formula 301-2; or any combination thereof:

[0141] <Chemical Formula 301-1>

[0142]

[0143] <Chemical Formula 301-2>

[0144]

[0145] In the chemical formulas 301-1 to 301-2,

[0146] Ring A 301 To Ring A 304 Independently of each other, C5-C 60 Carbocyclic or C1-C 60 heterocyclic group,

[0147] X 301 O, S, N-[(L 304 ) xb4 -R 304 ]、C(R 304 )(R 305 ) or Si(R 304 )(R 305 ),

[0148] xb22 and xb23 are independently 0, 1 or 2,

[0149] About L 301 , xb1 and R 301 Please refer to the description of this manual for details.

[0150] About L 302 To L 304 The descriptions of L are made independently of each other 301 Description,

[0151] The descriptions of xb2 to xb4 refer independently to the description of xb1.

[0152] About R 302 to R 305 and R 311 to R 314 For the description of R 301 Description.

[0153] As another example, the host may include an alkaline earth metal complex. For example, the host may include a Be complex (eg, compound H55 described below), a Mg complex, and a Zn complex, or any combination thereof.

[0154] As another example, the host may include one of the following compounds H1 to H120, 9,10-di(2-naphthyl)anthracene (ADN: 9,10-Di(2-naphthyl)anthracene), 2-methyl-9,10-bis(naphthalen-2-yl)anthracene (MADN: 2-Methyl-9,10-bis(naphthalen-2-yl)anthracene), 9,10-di-(2-naphthyl)-2-tert-butyl-anthracene (TBADN: 9,10-di-(2-naphthyl) )-2-t-butyl-anthracene), 4,4′-bis(N-carbazolyl)-1,1′-biphenyl (CBP: 4,4′-bis(N-carbazolyl)-1,1′-biphenyl), 1,3-di-9-carbazolylbenzene (mCP: 1,3-di-9-carbazolylbenzene), 1,3,5-tri(carbazol-9-yl)benzene (TCP: 1,3,5-tri(carbazol-9-yl)benzene), or any combination thereof, but not limited to:

[0155]

[0156]

[0157]

[0158]

[0159]

[0160]

[0161] [Phosphorescent Dopant Included in the Light Emitting Layer in the Intermediate Layer 150]

[0162] The phosphorescent dopant may include at least one transition metal as a central metal.

[0163] The phosphorescent dopant may include a monodentate ligand, a bidentate ligand, a tridentate ligand, a tetradentate ligand, a pentadentate ligand, a hexadentate ligand, or any combination thereof.

[0164] The phosphorescent dopant may be electrically neutral.

[0165] For example, the phosphorescent dopant may include an organic metal compound represented by the following Chemical Formula 401:

[0166] <Chemical Formula 401>

[0167] M(L 401 ) xc1 (L 402 ) xc2

[0168] <Chemical Formula 402>

[0169]

[0170] In the chemical formula 401 and the chemical formula 402,

[0171] M is a transition metal (e.g., iridium (Ir), platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), osmium (Os), titanium (Ti), gold (Au), hafnium (Hf), europium (Eu), terbium (Tb), rhodium (Rh), rhenium (Re), or thulium (Tm)),

[0172] L 401 is a ligand represented by the chemical formula 402, xc1 is 1, 2 or 3, wherein when xc1 is 2 or more, two or more L 401 can be the same or different from each other,

[0173] L 402 It can be an organic ligand, and xc2 can be 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4. When xc2 is 2 or more, two or more L 402 can be the same or different from each other,

[0174] X 401 To X 402 may independently be nitrogen or carbon,

[0175] Ring A 401 and Ring A 402 Can be C5-C independently of each other 60 Carbocyclic or C1-C 60 heterocyclic group,

[0176] T 401It can be a single bond, *-O-*', *-S-*', *-C(=O)-*', *-N(Q 411 )-*'、*-C(Q 411 )(Q 412 )-*'、*-C(Q 411 )=C(Q 412 )-*'、*-C(Q 411 )=*'or*=C=*',

[0177] X 403 and X 404 are independently chemical bonds (e.g., covalent bonds or coordination bonds), O, S, N (Q 413 )、B(Q 413 )、P(Q 413 )、C(Q 413 )(Q 414 ) or Si(Q 413 )(Q 414 ),

[0178] About the Q 411 To Q 414 For the instructions on Q1, please refer to the instructions on Q1 in this manual.

[0179] R 401 and R 402 are independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 20 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 20 Alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryloxy, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Arylthio, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group and substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, -Si(Q 401 )(Q 402 )(Q 403 )、-N(Q 401 )(Q 402 )、-B(Q 401 )(Q 402 ),-C(=O)(Q 401)、-S(=O)2(Q 401 ) or -P(=O)(Q 401 )(Q 402 ),

[0180] About the Q 401 To Q 403 For the instructions on Q1, please refer to the instructions on Q1 in this manual.

[0181] xc11 and xc12 are independently one of integers from 0 to 10,

[0182] In the chemical formula 402, * and *' respectively represent the binding sites with M in the chemical formula 401.

[0183] For example, in the chemical formula 402, i) X 401 is nitrogen and X 402 is carbon, or ii) X 401 and X 402 All are nitrogen.

[0184] As another example, when xc1 in the chemical formula 402 is 2 or more, two or more L 401 The two rings A 401 Optionally, the T 402 Connected to each other or two rings A 402 It can be selectively connected by T 403 are connected to each other (refer to the following compounds PD1 to PD4 and PD7). 402 and T 403 For details, refer to the instructions for T 401 Description.

[0185] In the chemical formula 401, L 402 Can be any organic ligand. For example, the L 402 It may include a halogen group, a diketone group (e.g., an acetylacetonate group), a carboxylic acid group (e.g., a picolinate group), -C(=O), an isonitrile group, a -CN group, a phosphorus group (e.g., a phosphine group, a phosphite group, etc.), or any combination thereof, but is not limited thereto.

[0186] For example, the phosphorescent dopant may include one of the following compounds PD1 to PD25 or any combination thereof, but is not limited thereto:

[0187]

[0188]

[0189] [Fluorescent dopant in the light-emitting layer]

[0190] The fluorescent dopant may include an aromatic amine compound or a styrylamine compound.

[0191] For example, the fluorescent dopant may further include a compound represented by the following Chemical Formula 501:

[0192] <Chemical Formula 501>

[0193]

[0194] In the chemical formula 501,

[0195] Ar 501 is substituted or unsubstituted C5-C 60 Carbocyclic or substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 heterocyclic group,

[0196] L 501 To L 503 are independently substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkylene, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkylene, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenylene, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkenylene, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Arylene, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 a heteroarylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, or a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group,

[0197] xd1 to xd3 are independently 0, 1, 2 or 3,

[0198] R 501 and R 502 are independently substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryloxy, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Arylthio, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 heteroaryl, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, or a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group,

[0199] xd4 can be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6.

[0200] For example, in the chemical formula 501, Ar 501 It may be a condensed ring in which three or more monocyclic groups are condensed with each other (for example, anthracenyl, yl, pyrene, etc.).

[0201] As another example, in the chemical formula 501, xd4 may be 2, but is not limited thereto.

[0202] For example, the fluorescent dopant may include one of the following compounds FD1 to FD36, DPVBi, DPAVBi, or any combination thereof:

[0203]

[0204]

[0205]

[0206]

[0207] [Quantum dots in the light-emitting layer]

[0208] The light emitting layer may include quantum dots.

[0209] In this specification, quantum dots refer to crystals of semiconductor compounds and, depending on the size of the crystals, can include any substance that emits light at other wavelengths. Therefore, the quantum dot material is not particularly limited. While the diameter of the quantum dot is not particularly limited, it can be, for example, approximately 1 nm to 10 nm.

[0210] The quantum dots arranged in the quantum dot light-emitting layer can be synthesized by a wet chemical process, an organometallic chemical deposition process, a molecular beam epitaxy process, or a similar process.

[0211] The wet chemical process is a method of growing quantum dot particle crystals by placing a precursor substance in an organic solution. During the growth of the crystals, the organic solvent naturally acts as a dispersant that coordinates with the surface of the quantum dot crystals and regulates the growth of the crystals. Therefore, it is easier than vapor deposition methods such as metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) or molecular beam epitaxy (MBE), and the growth of quantum dot particles can be controlled through a low-cost process. Specifically, as the quantum dots, III-VI semiconductor compounds, II-VI semiconductor compounds, III-V semiconductor compounds, IV-VI semiconductor compounds, IV elements or compounds, or any combination thereof can be used.

[0212] For example, the III-VI semiconductor compound may include: a binary compound such as In2S3; a ternary compound such as AgInS, AgInS2, CuInS, CuInS2; or any combination thereof.

[0213] For example, the II-VI semiconductor compounds may include: binary compounds such as CdSe, CdTe, ZnS, ZnSe, ZnTe, ZnO, HgS, HgSe, HgTe, MgSe, MgS, etc.; ternary compounds such as CdSeS, CdSeTe, CdSTe, ZnSeS, ZnSeTe, ZnSTe, HgSeS, HgSeTe, HgSTe, CdZnS, CdZnSe, CdZnTe, CdHgS, CdHgSe, CdHgTe, HgZnS, HgZnSe, HgZnTe, MgZnSe, MgZnS, etc.; quaternary compounds such as CdZnSeS, CdZnSeTe, CdZnSTe, CdHgSeS, CdHgSeTe, CdHgSTe, HgZnSeS, HgZnSeTe, HgZnSTe, etc.; or any combination thereof.

[0214] For example, the III-V semiconductor compounds may include: binary compounds such as GaN, GaP, GaAs, GaSb, AlN, AlP, AlAs, AlSb, InN, InP, InAs, InSb, etc.; ternary compounds such as GaNP, GaNAs, GaNSb, GaPAs, GaPSb, AlNP, AlNAs, AlNSb, AlPAs, AlPSb, InGaP, InNP, InNAs, InNSb, InPAs, InPSb, etc.; quaternary compounds such as GaAlNP, GaAlNAs, GaAlNSb, GaAlPAs, GaAlPSb, GaInNP, GaInNAs, GaInNSb, GaInPAs, GaInPSb, InAlNP, InAlNAs, InAlNSb, InAlPAs, InAlPSb, etc.; or any combination thereof.

[0215] For example, the IV-VI semiconductor compounds may include: binary compounds such as SnS, SnSe, SnTe, PbS, PbSe, PbTe, etc.; ternary compounds such as SnSeS, SnSeTe, SnSTe, PbSeS, PbSeTe, PbSTe, SnPbS, SnPbSe, SnPbTe, etc.; quaternary compounds such as SnPbSSe, SnPbSeTe, SnPbSTe, etc.; or any combination thereof.

[0216] For example, the Group IV element or compound may include: a monovalent compound such as Si, Ge, etc.; a binary compound such as SiC, SiGe, etc.; or any combination thereof.

[0217] Each element included in the binary compound, ternary compound, or quaternary compound may be present at a uniform concentration within the particle or may be present in a state where the elements are divided into different concentration distribution portions within the same particle.

[0218] Furthermore, the quantum dot may have a single structure in which the concentration of each element included in the quantum dot is uniform, or a core-shell dual structure. For example, the substance included in the core and the substance included in the shell may be different from each other.

[0219] The quantum dot shell can function as a protective layer to prevent chemical denaturation of the core and maintain semiconductor properties, and / or as a charging layer to impart electrophoretic properties to the quantum dot. The shell can be a single layer or multiple layers. The interface between the core and the shell can have a concentration gradient where the concentration of the element present in the shell decreases toward the center.

[0220] Examples of the quantum dot shell include metal or non-metal oxides, semiconductor compounds, or combinations thereof. For example, the metal or non-metal oxide may include binary compounds such as SiO2, Al2O3, TiO2, ZnO, MnO, Mn2O3, Mn3O4, CuO, FeO, Fe2O3, Fe3O4, CoO, Co3O4, and NiO; or ternary compounds such as MgAl2O4, CoFe2O4, NiFe2O4, and CoMn2O4, but are not limited thereto. For example, the semiconductor compound may include, but is not limited to, CdS, CdSe, CdTe, ZnS, ZnSe, ZnTe, ZnSeS, ZnTeS, GaAs, GaP, GaSb, HgS, HgSe, HgTe, InAs, InP, InGaP, InSb, AlAs, AlP, and AlSb.

[0221] Quantum dots can have a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of their emission wavelength spectrum of approximately 45 nm or less, specifically approximately 40 nm or less, and even more specifically approximately 30 nm or less. Within this range, color purity and color reproducibility can be improved. Furthermore, light emitted by such quantum dots is omnidirectional, thereby improving the optical viewing angle.

[0222] Furthermore, although the quantum dots may be in the form of spherical, pyramidal, multi-arm, or cubic nanoparticles, nanotubes, nanowires, nanofibers, nanoplate-like particles, etc., they are not limited thereto.

[0223] By adjusting the size of the quantum dots, the band gap can be adjusted, allowing light of multiple wavelengths to be generated in the quantum dot light-emitting layer. Therefore, by using quantum dots of varying sizes, a light-emitting element emitting multiple wavelengths can be created. Specifically, the quantum dot size can be selected to emit red, green, and / or blue light. Furthermore, the quantum dot size can be configured so that multiple colors of light combine to produce white light.

[0224] [Electron Transport Region in Intermediate Layer 150]

[0225] The hole transport region may have i) a single-layer structure consisting of a single layer composed of a single substance, ii) a single-layer structure consisting of a single layer including a plurality of substances different from each other, or iii) a multilayer structure including a plurality of layers including a plurality of substances different from each other.

[0226] The electron transport region may include a buffer layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron regulating layer, an electron transport layer (ETL), an electron injection layer, or any combination thereof, but is not limited thereto.

[0227] For example, the electron transport region may have a structure of an electron transport layer / electron injection layer, a hole blocking layer / electron transport layer / electron injection layer, an electron regulating layer / electron transport layer / electron injection layer or a buffer layer / electron transport layer / electron injection layer stacked in sequence from the light-emitting layer, but is not limited thereto.

[0228] The electron transport region (e.g., a buffer layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron regulating layer, or an electron transport layer in the electron transport region) may include a metal-free compound including at least one π-electron deficient nitrogen-containing cyclic group that can easily accept electrons.

[0229] The "π-electron-poor nitrogen-containing ring group" as a ring-forming part can be a C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group.

[0230] For example, the "π-electron-poor nitrogen-containing ring group" is i) a first ring; ii) a condensed ring in which two or more first rings are condensed with each other, or iii) a condensed ring in which one or more first rings and one or more second rings are condensed with each other, wherein the first ring, as a ring-forming part, is a heteromonocyclic group including at least one *-N=*' part (for example, an imidazole group, a pyridyl group, a triazine group, etc.), and the second ring, as a ring-forming part, can be a ring group that does not include the *-N=*' part (for example, a phenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a carbazolyl group, etc.).

[0231] Specific examples of the π-electron-poor nitrogen-containing ring group include pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolyl, benzoquinolyl, isoquinolyl, benzoisoquinolyl, quinoxalinyl, benzoquinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, benzoquinazolinyl, cinnolinyl, phenanthrolinyl, phthalazinyl, naphthyridinyl, azacarbazolyl, azafluorenyl, azadibenzothiopheneyl, azadibenzothiophene, azadibenzothiophene, Benzofuranyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, benzopyrazolyl, benzimidazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzoxadiazolyl, benzothiadiazolyl, imidazopyridinyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, imidazotriazinyl, imidazopyrazinyl, imidazopyridazinyl, and the like, but are not limited thereto.

[0232] For example, the electron transport region may include a compound represented by the following Chemical Formula 601 and including at least one π-electron-poor nitrogen-containing ring group.

[0233] <Chemical Formula 601>

[0234] [Ar 601 ] xe11 -[(L 601 ) xe1 -R 601 ] xe21

[0235] In the chemical formula 601,

[0236] Ar 601 is substituted or unsubstituted C5-C 60 Carbocyclic or substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 heterocyclic group,

[0237] xe11 is 1, 2, or 3,

[0238] L 601 is substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkylene, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkylene, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenylene, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkenylene, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Arylene, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 a heteroarylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, or a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group,

[0239] xe1 is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5,

[0240] R 601 is substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryloxy, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Arylthio, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, -Si(Q 601 )(Q602 )(Q 603 ),-C(=O)(Q 601 )、-S(=O)2(Q 601 ) or -P(=O)(Q 601 )(Q 602 ),

[0241] About the Q 601 To Q 603 For the instructions on Q1, please refer to the instructions on Q1 in this manual.

[0242] xe21 is 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5.

[0243] For example, Ar in the chemical formula 601 601 、L 601 and R 601 At least one of the may independently include at least one of the π-electron-poor nitrogen-containing rings.

[0244] For example, in the chemical formula 601, when xe11 is 2 or more, two or more Ar 601 can be connected to each other by a single bond.

[0245] As another example, in the chemical formula 601, Ar 601 The anthracenyl group may be substituted or unsubstituted.

[0246] As yet another example, the electron transport region may include a compound represented by the following Chemical Formula 601-1.

[0247] <Chemical Formula 601-1>

[0248]

[0249] In the chemical formula 601-1,

[0250] X 614 N or C(R 614 ), X 615 N or C(R 615 ), X 616 N or C(R 616 ), and X 614 To X 616 At least one of them is N,

[0251] About L 611 To L 613 For the description of L 601 Description,

[0252] For the description of xe611 to xe613, refer to the description of xe1.

[0253] About R 611 to R 613 For the description of R 601 Description,

[0254] R 614 to R 616 can be independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20 alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl or naphthyl.

[0255] For example, in the chemical formula 601 and the chemical formula 601-1, xe1 and xe611 to xe613 may be 0, 1, or 2 independently of each other.

[0256] The electron transport region may include one of the following compounds ET1 to ET36, 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (BCP: 2,9-Dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline), 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (Bphen: 4,7-Diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline), Alq3, BAlq, TAZ, NTAZ or any combination thereof, but is not limited thereto:

[0257]

[0258]

[0259]

[0260] The thickness of the buffer layer, the hole blocking layer or the electron regulating layer may be independently about to approximately For example, it can be approximately to approximately When the thickness of the buffer layer, the hole blocking layer, or the electron regulating layer satisfies the aforementioned range, excellent hole blocking properties or electron regulating properties can be obtained without substantially increasing the driving voltage.

[0261] The thickness of the electron transport layer may be approximately to approximately For example, it can be approximately to approximately When the thickness of the electron transport layer satisfies the above-described range, electron transport characteristics at a satisfactory level can be obtained without substantially increasing the driving voltage.

[0262] The electron transport region (eg, the electron transport layer in the electron transport region) may further include a metal-containing substance in addition to the substances described above.

[0263] The metal-containing substance may include an alkali metal complex, an alkaline earth metal complex or any combination thereof. The metal ion of the alkali metal complex may be a Li ion, a Na ion, a K ion, a Rb ion or a Cs ion, and the metal ion of the alkaline earth metal complex may be a Be ion, a Mg ion, a Ca ion, a Sr ion or a Ba ion. The ligand coordinated with the metal ions of the alkali metal complex and the alkaline earth metal complex may independently include hydroxyquinoline, hydroxyisoquinoline, hydroxybenzoquinoline, hydroxyacridine, hydroxyphenanthridine, hydroxyphenyloxazole, hydroxyphenylthiazole, hydroxyphenyloxadiazole, hydroxyphenylthiadiazole, hydroxyphenylpyridine, hydroxyphenylbenzimidazole, hydroxyphenylbenzothiazole, bipyridine, phenanthroline, cyclopentadiene or any combination thereof, but is not limited thereto.

[0264] For example, the metal-containing substance may include a Li complex. The Li complex may include, for example, the following compounds ET-D1 (LiQ) or ET-D2.

[0265]

[0266] The electron transport region may include an electron injection layer that facilitates electron injection from the second electrode 190. The electron injection layer may directly contact the second electrode 190.

[0267] The electron injection layer may have i) a single-layer structure consisting of a single layer composed of a single substance, ii) a single-layer structure consisting of a single layer including a plurality of substances different from each other, or iii) a multilayer structure having a plurality of layers including a plurality of substances different from each other.

[0268] The electron injection layer may include an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a rare earth metal, an alkali metal-containing compound, an alkaline earth metal-containing compound, a rare earth metal-containing compound, an alkali metal complex, an alkaline earth metal complex, a rare earth metal complex, or any combination thereof.

[0269] The alkali metal may include Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, or any combination thereof. The alkaline earth metal may include Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, or any combination thereof. The rare earth metal may include Sc, Y, Ce, Tb, Yb, Gd, or any combination thereof.

[0270] The alkali metal - containing compound, alkaline earth metal - containing compound, and rare earth metal - containing compound may include oxides, halides (e.g., fluorides, chlorides, bromides, iodides, etc.) of the alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, and rare earth metal respectively, or any combination thereof.

[0271] The alkali metal - containing compound may include: alkali metal oxides such as Li2O, Cs2O, K2O, etc.; alkali metal halides such as LiF, NaF, CsF, KF, LiI, NaI, CsI, KI, etc.; or any combination thereof. The alkaline earth metal - containing compound may include alkaline earth metal oxides such as BaO, SrO, CaO, Ba x Sr 1-x O(0 < x < 1), Ba x Ca 1-x O(0 < x < 1), etc. The rare earth metal - containing compound may include YbF3, ScF3, Sc2O3, Y2O3, Ce2O3, GdF3, TbF3, YbI3, ScI3, TbI3, or any combination thereof.

[0272] The alkali metal complex, alkaline earth metal complex, and rare earth metal complex may include: i) one of the ions of the alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, and rare earth metal as described above; and ii) a ligand that binds to the metal ion. For example, it may be hydroxyquinoline, hydroxyisoquinoline, hydroxybenzoquinoline, hydroxyacridine, hydroxyphenanthridine, hydroxyphenyl oxazole, hydroxyphenyl thiazole, hydroxyphenyl oxadiazole, hydroxyphenyl thiadiazole, hydroxyphenyl pyridine, hydroxyphenyl benzimidazole, hydroxyphenyl benzothiazole, bipyridine, phenanthroline, cyclopentadiene, or any combination thereof, but is not limited thereto.

[0273] The electron injection layer may only include the alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, rare earth metal, alkali metal - containing compound, alkaline earth metal - containing compound, rare earth metal - containing compound, alkali metal complex, alkaline earth metal complex, rare earth metal complex, or any combination thereof as described above, or may further include an organic substance (e.g., the compound represented by Chemical Formula 601). When the electron injection layer further includes an organic substance, the alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, rare earth metal, alkali metal - containing compound, alkaline earth metal - containing compound, rare earth metal - containing compound, alkali metal complex, alkaline earth metal complex, rare earth metal complex, or any combination thereof may be uniformly or non - uniformly dispersed in the matrix including the organic substance.

[0274] The thickness of the electron injection layer may be approximately to approximately For example, it can be approximately to approximately When the thickness of the electron injection layer satisfies the aforementioned range, satisfactory electron injection characteristics can be obtained without substantially increasing the driving voltage.

[0275] [Second electrode 190]

[0276] A second electrode 190 is disposed on the intermediate layer 150. The second electrode 190 may be a cathode serving as an electron injection electrode. A metal, alloy, conductive compound, or any combination thereof having a low work function may be used as the material for the second electrode 190.

[0277] The second electrode 190 may include lithium (Li), silver (Ag), magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), aluminum-lithium (Al-Li), calcium (Ca), magnesium-indium (Mg-In), magnesium-silver (Mg-Ag), ITO, IZO, or any combination thereof, but is not limited thereto. The second electrode 190 may be a transmissive electrode, a semi-transmissive electrode, or a reflective electrode.

[0278] The second electrode 190 may have a single-layer structure as a single layer or a multi-layer structure having a plurality of layers.

[0279] [Capping layer]

[0280] A first capping layer may be disposed on the outside or inside of the first electrode 110 and / or a second capping layer may be disposed on the outside or inside of the second electrode 190. Specifically, the light-emitting element 10 may have a structure in which a first capping layer, a first electrode 110, an intermediate layer 150, and a second electrode 190 are sequentially stacked; a structure in which a first electrode 110, an intermediate layer 150, a second capping layer, and a second electrode 190 are sequentially stacked; or a structure in which a first capping layer, a first electrode 110, an intermediate layer 150, a second capping layer, and a second electrode 190 are sequentially stacked.

[0281] In the intermediate layer 150 of the light-emitting element 10, light generated from the light-emitting layer can be extracted to the outside through the first electrode 110 as a semi-transmissive electrode or a transmissive electrode and the first capping layer. In the intermediate layer 150 of the light-emitting element 10, light generated from the light-emitting layer can be extracted to the outside through the second electrode 190 as a semi-transmissive electrode or a transmissive electrode and the second capping layer.

[0282] The first capping layer and the second capping layer can improve external luminous efficiency through the principle of constructive interference.

[0283] The first capping layer and the second capping layer may be independently: an organic capping layer comprising an organic substance; an inorganic capping layer comprising an inorganic substance; or a composite capping layer comprising an organic substance and an inorganic substance.

[0284] At least one of the first capping layer and the second capping layer may independently include a carbocyclic compound, a heterocyclic compound, an amino-containing compound, a porphyrin derivative, a phthalocyanine derivative, a naphthalocyanine derivative, an alkali metal complex, an alkaline earth metal complex or any combination thereof. The carbocyclic compound, the heterocyclic compound and the amino-containing compound may be selectively substituted with a substituent including O, N, S, Se, Si, F, Cl, Br, I or any combination thereof. According to an implementation example, at least one of the first capping layer and the second capping layer may independently include an amino-containing compound.

[0285] For example, at least one of the first capping layer and the second capping layer may independently include the compound represented by Chemical Formula 201, the compound represented by Chemical Formula 202, or any combination thereof.

[0286] According to another implementation example, at least one of the first capping layer and the second capping layer may independently include one of the compounds HT28 to HT33, one of the following compounds CP1 to CP5, or any combination thereof, but is not limited thereto:

[0287]

[0288] [Installation]

[0289] The light-emitting element may be included in various devices. For example, a light-emitting device, an authentication device, or an electronic device including the light-emitting element may be provided.

[0290] In addition to the light-emitting element, the light-emitting device may further include a color filter. The color filter may be arranged in at least one direction of travel of the light emitted from the light-emitting element. For example, while the light emitted from the light-emitting element may be blue light, this is not limited to this. For a description of the light-emitting element, refer to the above content.

[0291] The light emitting device may include a first substrate including a plurality of sub-pixel regions, and the color filter may include a plurality of color filter regions corresponding to the plurality of sub-pixel regions, respectively.

[0292] A pixel defining film is disposed between the plurality of sub-pixel regions to define each sub-pixel region.

[0293] The color filter may further include a light shielding pattern disposed between the plurality of color filter regions.

[0294] The multiple color filter areas include: a first color filter area that emits a first color light; a second color filter area that emits a second color light; and / or a third color filter area that emits a third color light. The first color light, the second color light, and / or the third color light may have different maximum emission wavelengths. For example, although the first color light may be red light, the second color light may be green light, and the third color light may be blue light, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the multiple color filter areas may each include quantum dots, but the present invention is not limited to this. Specifically, the first color filter area may include red quantum dots, the second color filter area may include green quantum dots, and the third color filter area may not include quantum dots. For an explanation of quantum dots, please refer to the contents described in this specification. The first color filter area, the second color filter area, and / or the third color filter area may each further include a scatterer, but the present invention is not limited to this.

[0295] For example, the light-emitting element may emit a first light, the first color filter region may absorb the first light and emit a 1-1 color light, the second color filter region may absorb the first light and emit a 2-1 color light, and the third color filter region may absorb the first light and emit a 3-1 color light. In this case, the 1-1 color light, the 2-1 color light, and the 3-1 color light may have different maximum emission wavelengths. Specifically, the first light may be blue light, the 1-1 color light may be red light, the 2-1 color light may be green light, and the 3-1 color light may be blue light, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0296] In addition to the light-emitting element described above, the light-emitting device may further include a thin film transistor. The thin film transistor may include a source electrode, a drain electrode, and an active layer, and one of the source electrode and the drain electrode may be electrically connected to one of the first electrode and the second electrode of the light-emitting element.

[0297] The thin film transistor may further include a gate electrode, a gate insulating film, and the like.

[0298] The active layer may include crystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, an organic semiconductor, an oxide semiconductor, etc., but is not limited thereto.

[0299] The light-emitting device may further include a sealing portion that seals the light-emitting element. The sealing portion may be arranged between the color filter and the light-emitting element. The sealing portion may block external air and moisture from penetrating into the light-emitting element while allowing light to be extracted from the light-emitting element to the outside. The sealing portion may be a sealing substrate including a transparent glass substrate or a plastic substrate. The sealing portion may be a thin film encapsulation layer including multiple organic layers and / or multiple inorganic layers. In the case where the sealing portion is a thin film encapsulation layer, the light-emitting device may be flexible.

[0300] The light emitting device can be used as various displays, light sources, etc.

[0301] For example, the authentication device may be a biometric authentication device that authenticates an individual using biometric information of a living body (eg, fingertips, pupils, etc.).

[0302] In addition to the light emitting element described above, the authentication device may further include a biometric information collecting unit.

[0303] The electronic device can be applied as a personal computer (for example, a mobile personal computer), a portable phone, a digital camera, an electronic manual, an electronic dictionary, an electronic game console, medical equipment (for example, an electronic thermometer, a blood pressure monitor, a blood glucose meter, a pulse measuring device, a pulse wave measuring device, an electrocardiogram display device, an ultrasonic diagnostic device, an endoscope display device), a fish finder, various measuring instruments, instruments (for example, instruments for vehicles, aircraft, and ships), a projector, etc., but is not limited to these.

[0304] [Manufacturing method]

[0305] The layers included in the hole transport region, the light-emitting layer, and the layers included in the electron transport region can be formed in predetermined regions by various methods such as vacuum deposition, spin coating, casting, Langmuir-Blodgett method, inkjet printing, laser printing, and laser induced thermal imaging (LITI).

[0306] In the case where the layers included in the hole transport region, the light emitting layer, and the layers included in the electron transport region are formed by vacuum deposition, the deposition conditions may be, for example, a deposition temperature of about 100° C. to about 500° C., a temperature of about 100° C. to about 500° C., and a temperature of about 100° C. to about 500° C. -8 torr to approximately 10 -3 torr vacuum and about to approximately The deposition rate is selected in consideration of the material to be included in the layer to be formed and the structure of the layer to be formed.

[0307] In the case where the layers included in the hole transport region, the light-emitting layer, and the layers included in the electron transport region are formed separately by spin coating, the coating conditions can be selected, for example, within a coating speed range of about 2000 rpm to about 5000 rpm and a heat treatment temperature range of about 80°C to about 200°C, taking into account the materials to be included in the layers to be formed and the structure of the layers to be formed.

[0308] [General Definition of Substituents]

[0309] In this manual, C1-C 60 The alkyl group represents a linear or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon monovalent group having 1 to 60 carbon atoms, and specific examples thereof include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, tert-pentyl, neopentyl, isopentyl, sec-pentyl, 3-pentyl, sec-isopentyl, n-hexyl, isohexyl, sec-hexyl, tert-hexyl, n-heptyl, isoheptyl, sec-heptyl, tert-heptyl, n-octyl, isooctyl, sec-octyl, tert-octyl, n-nonyl, isononyl, sec-nonyl, tert-nonyl, n-decyl, isodecyl, sec-decyl, tert-decyl, and the like. In this specification, C1-C 60 Alkylene represents the C1-C 60 The alkyl group has a divalent group with the same structure.

[0310] In this manual, C2-C 60 Alkenyl represents a C2-C 60 The alkyl group is a monovalent hydrocarbon group containing one or more carbon-carbon double bonds in the middle or at the end, and specific examples thereof include vinyl, propenyl, butenyl, etc. In this specification, C2-C 60 Alkenylene represents the C2-C 60 Alkenyl groups have a divalent group with the same structure.

[0311] In this manual, C2-C 60 Alkynyl represents C2-C 60 The alkyl group is a monovalent hydrocarbon group containing one or more carbon-carbon triple bonds in the middle or at the end, and specific examples thereof include ethynyl and propynyl. 60 Alkynylidene represents a C2-C 60 Alkynyl groups have a divalent radical of the same structure.

[0312] In this manual, C1-C 60 Alkoxy represents a group with -OA 101 (Here, A 101 For the C1-C60 Specific examples thereof include methoxy, ethoxy, isopropoxy, and the like.

[0313] In this manual, C3-C 10 Cycloalkyl represents a monovalent saturated hydrocarbon ring group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, and specific examples thereof include propyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, adamantyl, norbornanyl, bicyclo[1.1.1]pentyl, bicyclo[2.1.1]hexyl, bicyclo[2.2.1]heptyl, bicyclo[2.2.2]octyl, and the like. In this specification, C3-C 10 Cycloalkylene represents the C3-C 10 The cycloalkyl group is a divalent group having the same structure.

[0314] In this manual, C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkyl refers to a monovalent ring group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms and containing heteroatoms (e.g., N, O, Si, P, S, or any combination thereof) as ring atoms, and specific examples thereof include 1,2,3,4-oxatriazolidinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, and tetrahydrothienyl. 10 Heterocycloalkylene represents a C1-C 10 The heterocycloalkyl group has a divalent group of the same structure.

[0315] In this manual, C3-C 10 A cycloalkenyl group is a monovalent ring group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, which has at least one carbon-carbon double bond in the ring but is not aromatic. Specific examples thereof include cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, and cycloheptenyl. In this specification, C3-C 10 Cycloalkenylene represents a C3-C 10 The cycloalkenyl group has a divalent group of the same structure.

[0316] In this manual, C1-C 10 The heterocycloalkenyl group represents a monovalent ring group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms and containing heteroatoms (e.g., N, O, Si, P, S, or any combination thereof) as ring atoms, and having at least one double bond in the ring. 10Specific examples of heterocycloalkenyl include 4,5-dihydro-1,2,3,4-oxatriazolyl, 2,3-dihydrofuranyl and 2,3-dihydrothienyl. 10 Heterocycloalkenylene represents a C1-C 10 The heterocycloalkenyl group has a divalent group of the same structure.

[0317] In this manual, C6-C 60 Aryl refers to a monovalent group having a carbocyclic aromatic system with 6 to 60 carbon atoms, C6-C 60 The arylene group represents a divalent group having a carbocyclic aromatic system with 6 to 60 carbon atoms. 60 Specific examples of the aryl group include phenyl, pentalenyl, naphthyl, azulenyl, indacenyl, acenaphthenyl, phenanthrenyl, anthracenyl, fluoranthenyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthrenyl, pyrenyl, phenyl, peryl, pentaphenyl, heptaphenyl, tetraphenyl, peryl, hexyl, pentyl, rubidinyl, coryl, oxadiphenyl, etc. 60 Aryl and C6-C 60 In the case where the arylene group includes two or more rings, the two or more rings may be condensed with each other.

[0318] In this manual, C1-C 60 The heteroaryl group refers to a monovalent group of a heterocyclic aromatic system containing a heteroatom (e.g., N, O, Si, P, S, or any combination thereof) as a ring atom and having 1 to 60 carbon atoms, C1-C 60 The heteroarylene group represents a divalent group containing a heteroatom (e.g., N, O, Si, P, S, or any combination thereof) as a ring atom and having a heterocyclic aromatic system with 1 to 60 carbon atoms. 60 Specific examples of heteroaryl groups include pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolyl, benzoquinolyl, isoquinolyl, benzoisoquinolyl, quinoxalinyl, benzoquinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, benzoquinazolinyl, cinnolinyl, phenanthrolinyl, phthalazinyl, naphthyridinyl, and the like. 60 Heteroaryl and C1-C 60 When the heteroarylene group includes two or more rings, the two or more rings may be condensed with each other.

[0319] In this manual, C6-C 60 Aryloxy represents -OA 102 (Among them, A 102 For the C6-C 60 Aryl), the C6-C 60 Arylthio represents -SA103 (Among them, A 103 For the C6-C 60 aryl).

[0320] In this specification, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group refers to a monovalent group in which two or more rings are condensed with each other, and the ring atoms include only carbon atoms and the entire molecule has non-aromaticity (for example, a carbon atom number of 8 to 60). Specific examples of the monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group include indenyl, fluorenyl, spirobifluorenyl, benzofluorenyl, indenophenanthryl, indenoanthryl, etc. In this specification, a divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group refers to a divalent group having the same structure as the monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group.

[0321] In this specification, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group refers to a group in which two or more rings are condensed with each other, and as ring atoms, in addition to carbon, a heteroatom (for example, N, O, Si, P, S, or any combination thereof) is included, and the entire molecule has a non-aromatic monovalent group (for example, having 1 to 60 carbon atoms). Specific examples of the monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group include pyrrolyl, thienyl, furyl, indolyl, benzindolyl, naphthoindolyl, isoindolyl, benzisoindolyl, naphthoisoindolyl, benzothiorolyl, benzothiophenyl, benzofuranyl, carbazolyl, dibenzothiorolyl, dibenzothiophenyl, dibenzofuranyl, azacarbazolyl, azafluorenyl, azadibenzothiorolyl, azadibenzothiophenyl, azadibenzofuranyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiadiazolyl , benzopyrazolyl, benzimidazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzoxadiazolyl, benzothiadiazolyl, imidazopyridinyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, imidazotriazine, imidazopyrazinyl, imidazopyridazinyl, indenocarbazolyl, indolocarbazolyl, benzofuranocarbazolyl, benzothienocarbazolyl, benzothiorrolocarbazolyl, benzoindolocarbazolyl, benzocarbazolyl, benzonaphthofuranyl, benzonaphthothienyl, benzonaphthothiorryl, benzofuranodibenzofuranyl, benzofuranodibenzothienyl, benzothienodibenzothienyl, etc. In this specification, the divalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group means a divalent group having the same structure as the monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group.

[0322] In this manual, C5-C 60 The carbocyclic group refers to a monocyclic or polycyclic group having 5 to 60 carbon atoms and including only carbon as a ring atom. 60The carbocyclic group may be an aromatic carbocyclic group or a non-aromatic carbocyclic group. 60 The carbocyclic group can be a compound such as benzene, a monovalent group such as phenyl, or a divalent group such as phenylene. 60 The number of substituents of the carbocyclic group may be C5-C 60 The carbocyclic group may be a trivalent group, a tetravalent group, or various other modifications.

[0323] The C5-C 60 Specific examples of the carbocyclic group include pentalenyl, phenyl, pentalenyl, naphthyl, azulenyl, indacenyl, acenaphthenyl, phenanthrenyl, anthracenyl, fluoranthenyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthrenyl, pyrenyl, phenyl, benzophenone, benzophenone, benzophenanthryl ...

[0324] In this manual, C1-C 60 The heterocyclic group refers to a monocyclic or polycyclic group having 1 to 60 carbon atoms and including heteroatoms (e.g., N, O, Si, P, S or any combination thereof) in addition to carbon (the carbon atoms can be 1 to 60). 60 The heterocyclic group may be an aromatic heterocyclic group or a non-aromatic heterocyclic group. 60 The heterocyclic group may be a compound such as pyridine, or may be a monovalent group such as pyridyl or a divalent group such as pyridylene. Alternatively, the heterocyclic group may be a compound such as C1-C 60 The number of substituents connected to the heterocyclic group is varied, and the C1-C 60 The heterocyclic group may be a trivalent group or a tetravalent group in various modifications.

[0325] The C1-C 60Specific examples of heterocyclic groups include pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolyl, benzoquinolyl, isoquinolyl, benzoisoquinolyl, quinoxalinyl, benzoquinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, benzoquinazolinyl, cinnolinyl, phenanthrolinyl, phthalazinyl, naphthyridinyl, pyrrolyl, thienyl, furanyl, indolyl, benzindolyl, naphthoindolyl, isoindolyl, benzisoindolyl, naphthoisoindolyl, benzothiorolyl, benzothiophenyl, benzofuranyl, carbazolyl, dibenzothiorolyl, dibenzothiophenyl, dibenzofuranyl, azacarbazolyl, azafluorenyl, azadibenzothiorolyl, azadibenzothiophenyl, azadibenzofuranyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolyl , triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, benzopyrazolyl, benzimidazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzoxadiazolyl, benzothiadiazolyl, imidazopyridinyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, imidazotriazine, imidazopyrazinyl, imidazopyridazinyl, indenocarbazolyl, indolecarbazolyl, benzofuranocarbazolyl, benzothiophenocarbazolyl, benzothiorrolocarbazolyl, benzoindolecarbazolyl, benzocarbazolyl, benzonaphthofuranyl, benzonaphthylmethylthiophenyl, benzonaphthothienyl, benzofuranodibenzofuranyl, benzofuranodibenzothienyl, benzothiophenodibenzothienyl, and the like.

[0326] In this specification, the substituted C5-C 60 Carbocyclic, substituted C1-C 60 Heterocyclic, substituted C1-C 60 Alkylene, substituted C2-C 60 Alkenylene, substituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkylene, substituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkylene, substituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenylene, substituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkenylene, substituted C6-C 60 Arylene, substituted C1-C 60 Heteroarylene, substituted divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, substituted divalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, substituted C1-C 60 Alkyl, substituted C2-C 60 Alkenyl, substituted C2-C 60 Alkynyl, substituted C1-C 60 Alkoxy, substituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkyl, substituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, substituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, substituted C6-C 60 Aryl, substituted C6-C 60Aryloxy, substituted C6-C 60 Arylthio, substituted C1-C 60 The substituents of the heteroaryl group, the substituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and the substituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group are:

[0327] Deutzol (-D), -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano or nitro;

[0328] is selected from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C3-C 10 Cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, C6-C 60 Aryl, C6-C 60 Aryloxy, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C1-C 60 Heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, -Si(Q 11 )(Q 12 )(Q 13 )、-N(Q 11 )(Q 12 )、-B(Q 11 )(Q 12 ),-C(=O)(Q 11 )、-S(=O)2(Q 11 ) and -P(=O)(Q 11 )(Q 12 ) at least one substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 Alkenyl, C2-C 60 Alkynyl or C1-C 60 alkoxy;

[0329] is selected from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 Alkenyl, C2-C 60 Alkynyl, C1-C 60 Alkoxy, C3-C 10 Cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, C6-C 60 Aryl, C6-C 60 Aryloxy, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C1-C 60Heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, -Si(Q 21 )(Q 22 )(Q 23 )、-N(Q 21 )(Q 22 )、-B(Q 21 )(Q 22 ),-C(=O)(Q 21 )、-S(=O)2(Q 21 ) and -P(=O)(Q 21 )(Q 22 ) at least one substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, C6-C 60 Aryl, C6-C 60 Aryloxy, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C1-C 60 Heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, or monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group;

[0330] -Si(Q 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 33 )、-N(Q 31 )(Q 32 )、-B(Q 31 )(Q 32 ),-C(=O)(Q 31 )、-S(=O)2(Q 31 ) or -P(=O)(Q 31 )(Q 32 );or

[0331] Any combination thereof.

[0332] In this manual, Q1 to Q3, Q 11 To Q 13 , Q 21 To Q 23 and Q 31 To Q 33 can be independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 Alkenyl, C2-C 60 Alkynyl, C1-C 60 Alkoxy, C3-C 10 Cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, C3-C10 Cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, C6-C 60 Aryl, C1-C 60 heteroaryl group, monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, biphenyl group or terphenyl group.

[0333] In this specification, "Ph" represents a phenyl group, "Me" represents a methyl group, "Et" represents an ethyl group, "tert-Bu" or "Bu t " represents a tert-butyl group, and "OMe" represents a methoxy group.

[0334] In this specification, "biphenyl" means "phenyl substituted by phenyl". The "biphenyl" belongs to a group whose substituent is "C6-C 60 "substituted phenyl" or "aryl".

[0335] In this specification, "terphenyl" means "phenyl substituted by biphenyl". 60 Aryl-substituted C6-C 60 "substituted phenyl" or "aryl".

[0336] Hereinafter, a light emitting element according to an implementation example of the present invention will be described in more detail by taking an embodiment as an example.

[0337] [Example]

[0338] Comparative Example 1

[0339] For the anode, An ITO-patterned Corning glass substrate was cut into a size of 50 mm×50 mm×0.5 mm and ultrasonically cleaned with isopropyl alcohol and pure water for 5 minutes each, irradiated with ultraviolet light for 30 minutes, and exposed to ozone for cleaning. The glass substrate was then provided to a vacuum deposition apparatus.

[0340] First, HAT-CN, a well-known material for hole injection layer, is vacuum deposited on the substrate. Then, TAPC as a hole transport compound is formed with A hole transport layer is formed by vacuum deposition with a thickness of 1000 nm.

[0341] On the top of the hole transport layer, mCP:FIrpic (5-20%) is deposited simultaneously. The light-emitting layer is formed with a thickness of

[0342] On the upper part of the light emitting layer DPEPO is deposited to form a buffer layer with a thickness of 1000 nm, thereby playing the role of a hole blocking layer. TPBi was deposited to form an electron transport layer.

[0343] On the electron transport layer LiF is deposited to form an electron injection layer.

[0344] On the electron injection layer Alq3 is deposited to form a capping layer, and An MgAg electrode was deposited to a thickness of 500 Å to form an electrode.

[0345]

[0346] [DPEPO]

[0347]

[0348] Example 1

[0349] In addition to the upper part of the buffer layer A light-emitting element was manufactured in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1, except that the electron transport layer was formed on the SiO 2 layer after SiO 2 was formed to a thickness of 100 Å.

[0350] Example 2

[0351] In addition to the upper part of the buffer layer A light-emitting element was manufactured in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1, except that the electron transport layer was formed on the SiO 2 layer after SiO 2 was formed to a thickness of 100 Å.

[0352] Example 3

[0353] In addition to the upper part of the buffer layer A light-emitting element was manufactured in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1, except that the electron transport layer was formed on the SiO 2 layer after SiO 2 was formed to a thickness of 100 Å.

[0354] Example 4

[0355] In addition to the upper part of the buffer layer A light-emitting element was manufactured in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1, except that the electron transport layer was formed on the SiO 2 layer after SiO 2 was formed to a thickness of 100 Å.

[0356] Comparative Example 2

[0357] In addition to the upper part of the buffer layer A light emitting element was manufactured in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 except that the electron transport layer was formed on the WO 3 layer after forming WO 3 to a thickness of 100 Å.

[0358] Comparative Example 3

[0359] In addition to the upper part of the buffer layer A light emitting element was manufactured in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 except that the electron transport layer was formed on the WO 3 layer after forming WO 3 to a thickness of 100 Å.

[0360] Comparative Example 4

[0361] In addition to the upper part of the buffer layer A light emitting element was manufactured in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 except that the electron transport layer was formed on the WO 3 layer after forming WO 3 to a thickness of 100 Å.

[0362] Table 1 below shows the results of the light-emitting elements manufactured in Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4.

[0363]

Table 1

[0364]

[0365]

[0366] As can be seen from Table 1, the light-emitting elements of Examples 1 to 4 have a blue shift in wavelength compared to the light-emitting element of Comparative Example 1 having no A layer, and exhibit superior results to those of Comparative Examples 1 to 4.

[0367] As described above, although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art can implement the present invention with various modifications or variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as described in the claims.

Claims

1. A light-emitting element comprising a first electrode; a second electrode, facing the first electrode; as well as an intermediate layer, arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode, comprising a light-emitting layer, Wherein, the intermediate layer includes: A layer, including oxides of inorganic compounds; A B layer adjacent to an upper portion of the A layer including the oxide of the inorganic compound; and A C layer adjacent to a lower portion of the A layer including an oxide of the inorganic compound, The relationships among the refractive index a of the layer A comprising the oxide of the inorganic compound, the refractive index b of the layer B adjacent to the upper portion of the layer A comprising the oxide of the inorganic compound, and the refractive index c of the layer C adjacent to the lower portion of the layer A comprising the oxide of the inorganic compound all satisfy the following equations (1) and (2): b - a = 0.1 ~ 0.6 (1) c - a = 0.1 ~ 0.6 (2), and The thickness of the A layer including the oxide of the inorganic compound is 100 Å to 500 Å.

2. The light-emitting element according to claim 1, wherein The refractive index a of the A layer including the oxide of the inorganic compound is 1.4 to 1.

6.

3. The light-emitting element according to claim 1, wherein The refractive index b of the B layer adjacent to the upper portion of the A layer including the oxide of the inorganic compound is 1.5 to 2.

0.

4. The light-emitting element according to claim 1, wherein The refractive index c of the C layer adjacent to the lower portion of the A layer including the oxide of the inorganic compound is 1.5 to 2.

0.

5. The light-emitting element according to claim 1, wherein The first electrode is an anode, and the second electrode is a cathode. The light-emitting element according to claim 1 , wherein The light emitting element further includes a capping layer.

7. The light-emitting element according to claim 1, wherein The light emitting element further includes a capping layer, The A layer is located between the light-emitting layer and the capping layer.

8. The light-emitting element according to claim 1, wherein The intermediate layer includes: i) a capping layer; ii) a hole transport region, arranged between the first electrode and the light-emitting layer, and including a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, a light-emitting auxiliary layer, an electron blocking layer or any combination thereof; and iii) an electron transport region, arranged between the light-emitting layer and the second electrode, and including a hole blocking layer, a buffer layer, an electron regulating layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer or any combination thereof.

9. The light-emitting element according to claim 1, wherein The inorganic compound is Al, Si, In, Ga, Zn or any combination thereof.

10. The light-emitting element according to claim 1, wherein The oxide of the inorganic compound is amorphous.

11. The light-emitting element according to claim 1, wherein The oxide of the inorganic compound is Al2O3, SiO x 、Si x (Al2O3) 1-x , amorphous indium gallium zinc oxide, amorphous indium zinc oxide, In2O3 or any combination thereof, wherein SiO x x satisfies the formula 0 < x ≤ 2, Si x (Al2O3) 1-x where x satisfies the formula 0.4≤ x < 1.

12. The light-emitting element according to claim 8, wherein The B layer is an electron transport layer, and the C layer is a light-emitting layer.

13. The light-emitting element according to claim 8, wherein The B layer is an electron transport layer, and the C layer is a buffer layer.

14. The light-emitting element according to claim 13, wherein The buffer layer is in contact with the light-emitting layer.

15. The light-emitting element according to claim 8, wherein The B layer is an electron injection layer, and the C layer is an electron transport layer.

16. The light-emitting element according to claim 8, wherein The B layer is a capping layer, and the C layer is an electron injection layer.

17. The light-emitting element according to claim 1, wherein The light-emitting layer emits blue light.

18. The light-emitting element according to claim 1, wherein The light-emitting layer includes a phosphorescent dopant.

19. The light-emitting element according to claim 1, wherein The light emitting element is a front-emitting type.

20. An electronic device comprising a light-emitting element, comprising: A thin film transistor and a light-emitting element according to claim 1, The thin film transistor includes a source electrode, a drain electrode, an active layer and a gate electrode. The first electrode of the light emitting element and one of the source electrode and the drain electrode of the thin film transistor are electrically connected to each other.

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