An adaptive expansion mechanism and an adaptive expansion grinding mechanism thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses an adaptive expansion mechanism and an adaptive expansion polishing mechanism thereof. The adaptive expansion mechanism comprises a rotating wheel and an elastic leather cavity connected to the outer ring of the rotating wheel. A plurality of piston cavities are evenly arranged along the radial direction inside the rotating wheel. The outer diameter side opening of the piston cavity is connected to the elastic leather cavity, and the inner diameter side opening is connected to the atmosphere. A limiting structure is arranged at the inner diameter side opening. A centrifugally slidable piston is installed in the piston cavity. When the piston slides centrifugally, gas can be replenished into the elastic leather cavity and the elastic leather cavity can be expanded. The present invention arranges an elastic leather cavity on the outer ring of the rotating wheel, and arranges a piston along the radial direction inside the rotating wheel. The rotation of the rotating wheel itself enables the piston to move centrifugally and replenish gas into the elastic leather cavity, so that the size of the centrifugal force of the piston can be adjusted by adjusting the rotation speed, and then the expansion state of the elastic leather cavity can be adjusted, and finally an adaptive state is reached.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of grinding tools, in particular to an adaptive expansion mechanism and an adaptive expansion grinding mechanism thereof. Background Art

[0002] The surface of the flow channel parts used in the injection molding industry is spirally arranged with multiple "U"-shaped grooves. After the "U"-shaped grooves are processed, the groove surface needs to be polished to achieve the smoothness required by the industry. The traditional method is mostly manual polishing. Workers use tools such as grinding heads or grinding wheels wrapped with sandpaper to manually polish the inside of the "U"-shaped groove. In order to achieve all-round polishing inside the groove, the outer diameter of the grinding tool must be smaller than the inner diameter of the groove. During this period, the angle and position of the grinding tool need to be constantly changed, resulting in low efficiency and easy to cause uneven grinding.

[0003] The ideal state of grinding is to make the shape of the grinding tool completely match the size of the "U"-shaped groove, and then grind along the direction of the groove in one go. However, it is not easy for the grinding tool to completely match the inner wall of the groove. If the size is slightly too large, it cannot be put into the groove. If the size is too small, it cannot grind all the positions of the groove. In addition, the grinding tool will wear out during the process of contact and grinding with the workpiece. Even if it is slightly worn, the grinding tool can no longer completely fit the groove. At this time, the surface that cannot be polished needs to be re-grinded multiple times by adjusting the angle and position of the grinding tool, which will also greatly reduce the grinding efficiency.

[0004] A Chinese patent with authorization announcement number CN 2363833Y discloses an air-drum polishing roller, in which an air chamber is arranged on the central axis. Air is injected into the air chamber through an air nozzle to cause the air-drum rubber bladder to expand, so that the polishing roller disc is fastened to the air-drum rubber bladder. This solution can polish curved wood pieces or other curved and uneven surfaces. However, the ability to polish the curved surface utilizes the flexible fixing effect of the air-drum rubber bladder, and its outer diameter cannot be adjusted during the polishing process after the air-drum rubber bladder is inflated. When polishing existing "U"-shaped grooves and other structures, it still faces the problem of not being able to fully fit the polished surface, and it will be necessary to adjust the angle and position of the polishing tool, which ultimately results in low polishing efficiency.

[0005] A Chinese patent application with application publication number CN 111331458 discloses a 3D printed finished product polishing assembly and polishing device, wherein a plurality of protrusions are arranged at intervals on the outside of an airbag, the airbag is placed on the inside of the printed finished product, one end of the airbag is connected to an air pump, gas is intermittently filled into the airbag by the air pump, the pressure and / or flow of the gas can be adjusted, and the gas in the airbag can be vibrated by controlling the air intake of the air pump; during the vibration of the airbag, when the air pressure in one part of the airbag increases, the airbag itself is bulged, and the outer wall of the airbag is in contact with the inner wall of the printed finished product. In other words, the scheme controls the size of the airbag protrusion by setting an air pump and changing the pressure and / or flow of the air pump to achieve contact and friction with the polished surface. However, the scheme must set an air pump and requires adjustable pressure and flow. Therefore, the scheme is complex in structure and cumbersome in application. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an adaptive expansion mechanism and an adaptive expansion polishing mechanism thereof to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. An elastic bellows cavity is arranged on the outer ring of a rotating wheel, and a piston is arranged radially inside the rotating wheel. The piston can move centrifugally and replenish gas into the elastic bellows cavity through the rotation of the rotating wheel itself, so that the centrifugal force of the piston can be adjusted by adjusting the rotation speed, and then the expansion state of the elastic bellows cavity can be adjusted, and finally an adaptive state can be achieved.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0008] The present invention provides an adaptive expansion mechanism, comprising a rotating wheel and an elastic leather cavity connected to the outer ring of the rotating wheel, wherein a plurality of piston cavities are evenly arranged radially inside the rotating wheel, wherein the outer diameter side opening of the piston cavity is connected to the elastic leather cavity, and the inner diameter side opening is connected to the atmosphere, and a limiting structure is arranged at the inner diameter side opening, wherein a centrifugally slidable piston is installed in the piston cavity, and when the piston slides centrifugally, gas can be replenished into the elastic leather cavity to make it reach an expanded state.

[0009] Preferably, the rotating wheel is provided with a central through hole along the axial direction, and the central through hole is connected to the inner diameter side opening.

[0010] Preferably, the diameter of the outer diameter side opening is equal to the diameter of the piston, and a hollow baffle is provided on the outside of the outer diameter side opening, the diameter of the inner diameter side opening is smaller than the diameter of the piston, and the inner diameter side opening forms the limiting structure.

[0011] Preferably, sealing rings are provided on the outer diameters of both ends of the piston.

[0012] Preferably, a plurality of weight-reducing holes are axially arranged around the central through hole on the rotating wheel.

[0013] Preferably, the weight-reducing hole is a waist-shaped hole, and the valve of the elastic bellows is arranged in one of the waist-shaped holes.

[0014] Preferably, the waist-shaped holes and the piston cavity are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the rotating wheel, and four of them are respectively provided.

[0015] Preferably, the rotating wheel is connected to a clamping rod, the end of the clamping rod is connected to a flange, and the flange is connected to the end surface of the central through hole of the rotating wheel.

[0016] The present invention also provides an adaptive expansion grinding mechanism, comprising the adaptive expansion mechanism described above, wherein the outer ring of the elastic bellows is connected with side sandpaper.

[0017] Preferably, both end surfaces of the elastic leather cavity are respectively connected with bottom sandpaper.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0019] (1) The present invention is provided with an elastic bellows cavity on the outer ring of the rotating wheel, and a piston cavity and a piston slidably arranged in the piston cavity are provided radially inside the rotating wheel. The piston cavity and the elastic bellows cavity are connected, and the size of the centrifugal force of the piston can be adjusted by adjusting the rotation speed. When the rotation speed is large, the centrifugal force is large, and the pressure of the piston moving toward the elastic bellows cavity increases, thereby improving the expansion state of the elastic bellows cavity. On the contrary, the expansion state of the elastic bellows cavity will be reduced. When the elastic bellows cavity leaks, its pressure will be reduced. At this time, the piston will move toward the elastic bellows cavity until the size of the centrifugal force of the piston is balanced with the size of the pressure applied to the piston by the gas in the elastic bellows cavity, and the piston is stable. Therefore, the present invention can make the whole device reach an adaptive state according to the rotation speed and whether the elastic bellows cavity is leaking.

[0020] (2) The present invention provides a hollow baffle plate on the outer side of the outer diameter side opening of the piston cavity, which can ensure the connection between the piston cavity and the elastic leather cavity, and can also limit the movement of the piston to prevent the piston from being thrown out of the rotating wheel when the centrifugal force is too large, causing damage to the elastic leather cavity, thereby ensuring the personal safety of the operator;

[0021] (3) The present invention can reduce the gravity of the rotating wheel itself and the rotational inertia of the rotating wheel by arranging a weight-reducing hole on the rotating wheel, thereby reducing the energy loss during idling. In addition, a valve installation hole that penetrates the elastic bellows can be arranged in the weight-reducing hole, so that the valve mouth of the elastic bellows can be arranged in the weight-reducing hole, which is convenient for the installation and setting of the valve mouth;

[0022] (4) The present invention is provided with side sandpaper on the outer ring of the elastic leather cavity and bottom sandpaper on the two end surfaces, so that structures such as U-shaped grooves can be polished, and the rotation speed can be adjusted according to the polishing depth and wear conditions to adjust the expansion state of the elastic leather cavity, so that it can fit the shape of the polished surface to ensure the polishing accuracy, avoid the need to adjust the angle and position of the polishing tool and re-polish for multiple times, and can improve the polishing efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of

[0026] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Exploded view after hiding the elastic skin cavity, side sandpaper, and bottom sandpaper;

[0027] Among them, 1. Clamping rod; 2. Rotating wheel; 21. Air vent; 22. Piston chamber; 23. Valve mounting hole; 24. Weight reduction hole; 25. Central through hole; 3. Piston; 31. Sealing ring; 4. Hollow baffle; 5. Elastic leather chamber; 6. Side sandpaper; 7. Bottom sandpaper; 8. Valve mouth. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an adaptive expansion mechanism and an adaptive expansion polishing mechanism thereof to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. An elastic bellows cavity is arranged on the outer ring of a rotating wheel, and a piston is arranged radially inside the rotating wheel. The piston can move centrifugally and replenish gas into the elastic bellows cavity through the rotation of the rotating wheel itself, so that the centrifugal force of the piston can be adjusted by adjusting the rotation speed, and then the expansion state of the elastic bellows cavity can be adjusted, and finally an adaptive state can be achieved.

[0030] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0031] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, the present invention provides an adaptive expansion mechanism, including a rotating wheel 2 and an elastic skin chamber 5 connected to the outer ring of the rotating wheel 2, wherein the rotating wheel 2 is a circular structure with uniform mass distribution, and can be connected to the rotating mechanism through a clamping rod 1 or installed on a rotating shaft through a central through hole 25 in the middle to realize rotation; the elastic skin chamber 5 can be made of rubber material, has a certain elasticity, is sealed and connected to the rotating wheel 2, can expand after inflation, and can shrink after deflation; and is equipped with a valve 8, and is inflated and deflated through the valve 8. It should be noted that the diameter of the rotating wheel 2 and the diameter of the elastic skin chamber 5 can be selected as needed, and can continue to expand until the limit state after inflation, and can be inflated when there is partial gas leakage to compensate for the deformation of the elastic skin chamber 5. A plurality of piston chambers 22 are evenly arranged radially inside the rotating wheel 2, and the outer diameter side opening of the piston chamber 22 is connected to the elastic skin chamber 5, and the inner diameter side opening is connected to the atmosphere, that is, in addition to being inflated and deflated through the valve 8, the elastic skin chamber 5 is also connected to the atmosphere through the piston chamber 22. For the position where the piston chamber 22 is connected to the atmosphere, an opening can be set on the end face of the rotating wheel 2, and the opening is connected to the inner diameter side opening of the piston chamber 22, or a central through hole 25 is set at the center of the rotating wheel 2, and a vent hole 21 is set on the inner wall of the central through hole 25, so that the vent hole 21 is connected to the piston chamber 22. The number of piston chambers 22 can be two, three or more, and they are evenly dispersed to ensure the stability of the rotation state. A centrifugally slidable piston 3 is installed in the piston chamber 22, and the piston 3 is slidably sealed with the inner wall of the piston chamber 22, so that the elastic leather chamber 5 is isolated from the outside atmosphere by the piston 3. It should be noted that the piston 3 should have a certain mass, and can generate enough centrifugal force to resist the pressure transmitted by the elastic leather chamber 5 during the rotation process, and the mass should not be too large, otherwise when the specified rotation speed is not reached, a large centrifugal force may be generated to cause the elastic leather chamber 5 to expand excessively. The relationship between the selection of the material of the piston 3, the rotation speed of the rotating wheel 2 and the elastic force of the elastic skin chamber 5 can be reasonably selected and set by those skilled in the art according to the technical solution of the present invention, and is not a creative feature of the present invention, so it will not be repeated here. A limiting structure is set at the inner diameter side opening of the piston chamber 22. When the elastic skin chamber 5 is filled with gas, since the piston chamber 22 is connected with the elastic skin chamber 5, the gas will push the piston 3 to move centripetally until it stops after hitting the limiting structure, and then reach the equilibrium state of the piston chamber 22 and the elastic skin chamber 5 in the initial state before rotation. In the working state, the piston 3 will slide centrifugally toward the elastic skin chamber 5 under the action of centrifugal force. At this time, under the extrusion of the piston 3, the gas is squeezed from the piston chamber 22 into the elastic skin chamber 5, so as to replenish the gas into the elastic skin chamber 5 and make it reach another expansion state.The present invention is provided with an elastic leather cavity 5 on the outer ring of the rotating wheel 2, and a piston cavity 22 and a piston 3 slidably arranged in the piston cavity 22 are radially provided in the rotating wheel 2. The piston cavity 22 and the elastic leather cavity 5 are communicated with each other, and the size of the centrifugal force of the piston 3 can be adjusted by adjusting the rotation speed. When the rotation speed is large, the centrifugal force is large, and the pressure of the piston 3 moving toward the elastic leather cavity 5 increases, thereby being able to improve the expansion state of the elastic leather cavity 5. Otherwise, the expansion state of the elastic leather cavity 5 will be reduced. When the elastic leather cavity 5 leaks, its pressure will be reduced. At this time, the piston 3 will move toward the elastic leather cavity 5 until the size of the centrifugal force of the piston 3 is balanced with the size of the pressure applied to the piston 3 by the gas in the elastic leather cavity 5, and it is stable. Therefore, the present invention can make the whole device reach an adaptive state according to the rotation speed and whether the elastic leather cavity 5 leaks.

[0032] like Figures 2-3 As shown, the rotating wheel 2 may be provided with a central through hole 25 along the axial direction, and the central through hole 25 is provided at the exact center of the rotating wheel 2. The central through hole 25 can communicate with the inner diameter side openings of all the piston chambers 22 through the air vent 21. Therefore, since all the piston chambers 22 are arranged centripetally, only one central through hole 25 is required to communicate with all the piston chambers 22, eliminating the need to provide multiple openings for communicating with the atmosphere on the rotating wheel 2. In addition, the air vent 21 is in the same axial direction as the piston chamber 22, which is conducive to replenishing external air inward when the piston 3 moves, that is, it is conducive to the centrifugal movement of the piston 3 under the action of centrifugal force.

[0033] like Figure 2 As shown, the diameter of the outer diameter side opening of the piston cavity 22 is equal to the diameter of the piston 3, and the piston 3 can be smoothly installed into the piston cavity 22 through the outer diameter side opening. A hollow baffle 4 is arranged on the outside of the outer diameter side opening, and the hollow baffle 4 can form a limit at the outer diameter side opening after the piston 3 is installed to prevent the piston 3 from being separated from the piston cavity 22. The hollow baffle 4 can have a certain curvature, which can fit the curvature of the outer diameter side of the rotating wheel 2. Through holes are arranged on both sides of the hollow baffle 4, and screws can be installed on the rotating wheel 2 after passing through the through holes. Therefore, the hollow baffle 4 of the present invention can ensure the communication between the piston cavity 22 and the elastic leather cavity 5, and can also limit the movement of the piston 3 to prevent it from being thrown out of the rotating wheel 2 when the centrifugal force is too large, causing damage to the elastic leather cavity 5, thereby ensuring the personal safety of the operator. The diameter of the inner diameter opening of the piston chamber 22 is smaller than the diameter of the piston 3 , so that a limiting structure for the centripetal movement of the piston 3 can be formed at the inner diameter opening to prevent the pressure in the elastic skin chamber 5 from increasing and causing the piston 3 to move centripetally out of the piston chamber 22 .

[0034] like Figure 3As shown, the two ends of the piston 3 may also be provided with sealing rings 31 on the outer diameter, and the provision of the sealing rings 31 can further ensure the sealing between the piston 3 and the inner wall of the piston chamber 22, and prevent the gas in the elastic leather chamber 5 from leaking outward through the piston chamber 22. A plurality of sealing rings 31 may be provided in the length direction of the piston 3, preferably two, that is, one sealing ring 31 is provided at each position close to the two ends.

[0035] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, on the rotating wheel 2, a plurality of weight-reducing holes 24 are arranged around the central through hole 25. The weight-reducing holes 24 are arranged along the axial direction of the rotating wheel 2, and the weight-reducing holes 24 should be evenly dispersed and arranged, and the size is set accordingly according to the size and the moment of inertia of the rotating wheel 2. In addition, the weight-reducing holes 24 can be through holes or blind holes, and are reasonably designed according to the processing plan and the weight-reducing requirements. Through holes are preferably used for easy processing and molding. By arranging the weight-reducing holes 24 on the rotating wheel 2, the present invention can reduce the gravity of the rotating wheel 2 itself and reduce the moment of inertia of the rotating wheel 2, thereby reducing the energy loss when the rotating wheel 2 is idling.

[0036] The weight-reducing holes 24 can be waist-shaped holes. Under the premise of the same number, waist-shaped holes can open a larger area in the annular space of the rotating wheel 2 than circular holes. The valve 8 of the elastic bellows 5 can be set in one of the waist-shaped holes. Specifically, a valve mounting hole 23 is set on the side wall of the waist-shaped hole. The valve 8 is connected with the elastic bellows 5 after passing through the valve mounting hole 23. It should be noted that the valve 8 should be sealed with the valve mounting hole 23 to avoid gas leakage. Setting the valve 8 of the elastic bellows 5 in the weight-reducing hole 24 can reserve a position for the setting of the valve 8, thereby facilitating the installation and setting of the valve 8.

[0037] Since the weight-reducing holes 24 will occupy part of the space in the axial direction of the rotating wheel 2, the piston cavity 22 should be arranged to avoid the weight-reducing holes 24. In order to make the rotating wheel 2 uniformly distributed as a whole, the weight-reducing holes 24 and the piston cavity 22 can be arranged at intervals. The number of weight-reducing holes 24 and piston cavities 22 can be reasonably arranged according to factors such as weight, moment of inertia, and hole size, and the number of the two should be kept equal when arranged at intervals, that is, the number of piston cavities 22 is the same as the number of weight-reducing holes 24. For example, four can be arranged respectively.

[0038] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, in order to avoid the blockage of the vent hole 21 caused by setting the rotating shaft in the central through hole 25 or increase the difficulty of setting the rotating shaft, the rotating wheel 2 can be connected by a clamping rod 1. The clamping rod 1 includes a straight rod and a flange connected to the end of the straight rod. The straight rod and the flange can be connected together by welding, or they can be integrally forged or turned. The other end face of the flange is connected to the end face of the central through hole 25. Specifically, a plurality of screw holes are set around the end face of the central through hole 25. After a plurality of screws are passed through the flange, the clamping rod 1 is installed on the rotating wheel 2.

[0039] Reference again Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the present invention also provides an adaptive expansion grinding mechanism, including the adaptive expansion mechanism described above, wherein the outer ring of the elastic skin cavity 5 is connected with a side sandpaper 6, when connected, a hook layer can be provided on the surface of the elastic skin cavity 5, and a flocking layer can be provided on one side of the side sandpaper 6, so that the side sandpaper 6 can be directly applied to the surface of the elastic skin cavity 5. The side sandpaper 6 can be replaced at any time after being worn, and the replacement is relatively convenient.

[0040] Since the side sandpaper 6 is installed on the elastic bellows 5, the polishing surface is elastic. When a certain amount of pressure gas is filled into the elastic bellows 5, it can fit the "U"-shaped polished surface well. When not rotating, the piston 3 is pressed to the inner diameter side of the piston chamber 22 by the pressure gas. During polishing, the entire polishing mechanism rotates. Due to the centrifugal force, the piston 3 will move away from the center of the rotating wheel 2. When the centrifugal force and the pressure in the elastic bellows 5 reach a balance, the piston 3 is in a balanced position. When the speed increases, the centrifugal force increases, the piston 3 moves toward the outer diameter side, the pressure in the elastic bellows 5 increases, and the pressure generated by the side sandpaper 6 attached to the surface of the elastic bellows 5 on the "U"-shaped groove surface increases, thereby increasing the polishing depth and improving the polishing efficiency. In addition, when a certain amount of gas in the elastic bellows 5 or the piston chamber 22 leaks, the pressure in the elastic bellows 5 decreases, and the piston 3 can further move toward the elastic bellows 5 to ensure that the pressure in the elastic bellows 5 is balanced with the centrifugal force. Finally, the entire system can reach an adaptive state.

[0041] In order to better protect the elastic bellows 5 and further improve the grinding contact area and grinding effect, the two end surfaces of the elastic bellows 5 can be connected with bottom sandpaper 7 respectively.

[0042] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive expansion mechanism, characterized in that: It comprises a rotating wheel and an elastic leather cavity connected to the outer ring of the rotating wheel, the elastic leather cavity is provided with a valve, a plurality of piston cavities are evenly arranged radially inside the rotating wheel, the outer diameter side opening of the piston cavity is connected to the elastic leather cavity, the inner diameter side opening is connected to the atmosphere, and a limiting structure is arranged at the inner diameter side opening, a centrifugally slidable piston is installed in the piston cavity, and when the piston centrifugally slides, gas can be added to the elastic leather cavity to make it reach an expanded state; The rotating wheel is provided with a central through hole along the axial direction, and the central through hole is connected to the inner diameter side opening; The diameter of the outer diameter side opening is equal to the diameter of the piston, and a hollow baffle is arranged outside the outer diameter side opening. The diameter of the inner diameter side opening is smaller than the diameter of the piston, and the inner diameter side opening forms the limiting structure.

2. The adaptive expansion mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two ends of the piston are provided with sealing rings on the outer diameter.

3. The adaptive expansion mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of weight-reducing holes are axially arranged around the central through hole on the rotating wheel.

4. The adaptive expansion mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The weight-reducing holes are waist-shaped holes, and the air valve of the elastic bellows is arranged in one of the waist-shaped holes.

5. The adaptive expansion mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: The waist-shaped holes and the piston cavity are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the rotating wheel, and four of them are arranged respectively.

6. The adaptive expansion mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rotating wheel is connected with a clamping rod, the end of the clamping rod is connected with a flange, and the flange is connected to the end surface of the central through hole of the rotating wheel.

7. An adaptive expansion grinding mechanism, characterized in that: It comprises the adaptive expansion mechanism as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the outer ring of the elastic bellows is connected with side sandpaper.

8. The adaptive expansion grinding mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that: The two end surfaces of the elastic skin cavity are respectively connected with bottom sandpaper.

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