A rail grinding unit

Abstract

This invention discloses a rail grinding unit, comprising: a grinding motor with its shaft connected to a grinding wheel; a grinding unit frame for mounting the grinding motor; a translation mechanism disposed between the grinding unit frame and a transverse guide post mounting frame for driving the grinding motor to perform transverse movement; a lifting mechanism disposed between the grinding unit frame and the grinding motor for driving the grinding motor to perform lifting and pressing operations, the lifting mechanism being mounted on a motor mounting back plate; a motor swing frame disposed between the lifting mechanism and the grinding motor, the grinding motor being mounted on the motor swing frame; a side pressing mechanism disposed between the motor mounting back plate and the motor swing frame for driving the grinding motor to perform side pressing operations; and a deflection mechanism disposed between the lifting mechanism and the grinding unit frame for driving the grinding motor to perform deflection operations. This invention solves the technical problems of existing grinding units having a small deflection angle range, being unable to safely pass through turnout areas, and having a large size and complex structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rail engineering machinery technology, and in particular to a grinding unit applied to the grinding device of a rail grinding vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] The grinding device is the executing mechanism for rail grinding operations, and also a key component and core working structure of the rail grinding vehicle, playing a vital role. Furthermore, the grinding actions, quality, efficiency, coverage of rail grinding angles, and the sophistication of the grinding process required by the grinding vehicle ultimately depend on the grinding device. A grinding device typically consists of multiple grinding units; existing rail grinding devices generally have 6, 8, or 10 grinding units. The most crucial part of the grinding carriage is the grinding unit, whose grinding wheel directly acts on the rail to perform the grinding operation. Therefore, the rationality of the grinding unit's design and the precision of its movements are extremely important.

[0003] Currently, the rail grinding vehicles used both domestically and internationally mainly employ the following structural forms of grinding units.

[0004] The first type of rail grinding car consists of six grinding carriages, each with four grinding units. Each unit has two grinding motors, each mounted between two guide posts and sleeves. A downward-pressing hydraulic cylinder drives the motors to move up and down, thus performing the grinding operation. Furthermore, a deflection shaft is fitted with bearings, and the grinding unit consisting of two motors is driven by a deflection drive mechanism to achieve overall deflection of the grinding unit frame. Its main drawbacks are:

[0005] (1) It only has a pressing and deflecting mechanism, but no lateral movement mechanism. It uses a cup-shaped grinding wheel and uses the end face for grinding. It cannot grind turnout lines, nor can it safely pass through the turnout area.

[0006] (2) Two grinding motors are installed on the same unit frame, which limits the overall grinding envelope angle and requires multiple grindings to form a full coverage of the profile;

[0007] (3) Each grinding motor is installed between two guide pillars and guide sleeves, resulting in greater resistance, delayed response of constant power grinding control, uneven force on the motor, and relatively weak overall structural rigidity of the grinding unit.

[0008] The second type of rail grinding vehicle employs a grinding unit with a parallelogram-shaped pneumatic pressing structure. This type of grinding unit uses a non-guide column pressing structure and consists of two grinding motors, two sets of deflection drive mechanisms, and a crossbeam frame. In the prior art, patents CN102758390B, CN203729166U, CN203729167U, and CN203729169U all involve this type of grinding unit. Its main drawbacks are:

[0009] (1) This type of grinding unit has a complex and bulky structure, and the motor deflection angle coverage is small;

[0010] (2) The frame structure is complex, making the maintenance and repair of the motor very difficult;

[0011] (3) The grinding motor is a fan motor. In harsh grinding operation environment, the grinding motor is easily damaged by dust and iron filings.

[0012] (4) The grinding unit has no transverse movement mechanism design and uses a cup-shaped grinding wheel to grind using the end face. It cannot grind turnout lines and cannot safely pass through the turnout area.

[0013] The third type of rail grinding vehicle has eight independently rotatable grinding units per unit. Each motor in the grinding unit can independently move laterally, lift, and rotate, all hydraulically controlled. The lowering mechanism uses a double guide column plus a single lowering cylinder design; the rotatability uses two rotatability drive mechanisms with a rotatability shaft and connecting block; and the lateral movement is hydraulically driven. Its main drawbacks are:

[0014] (1) The grinding motor is installed between two guide pillars and guide sleeves. The sliding resistance is large and the load is large. The lifting and lowering response is slow and the constant power grinding control response is lagging.

[0015] (2) The deflection angle range of the grinding motor is small, the grinding unit is large in volume, the structure is complex, the space utilization is poor, and the production is difficult and it is not easy to install, maintain and repair. The grinding motor uses a cup-shaped grinding wheel and uses the end face for grinding. It cannot grind the turnout line, nor can it safely pass through the turnout area.

[0016] (3) The grinding unit frame is assembled by bolt splicing, which is complex in structure and installation. The grinding motor is installed with fixed spacing guide columns. The requirements for the distance between the upper and lower guide column mounting holes and the perpendicularity of the guide column and the joint surface of the guide column mounting holes are high. It is difficult to guarantee the parallelism of the two guide columns. At the same time, after the two guide columns of the grinding unit are installed, a certain height difference needs to be guaranteed. The guide column mounting frame is difficult to process and maintain.

[0017] (4) The double-cylinder structure of the grinding unit deflection mechanism is prone to cause the cylinders to move asynchronously, resulting in inaccurate control of the grinding unit deflection angle. Summary of the Invention

[0018] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a rail grinding unit to solve the technical problems of existing grinding units having a small deflection angle range, being unable to safely pass through turnout areas, having a large size, complex structure, and being difficult to install and maintain.

[0019] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention specifically provides a technical solution for a rail grinding unit, the rail grinding unit comprising:

[0020] A grinding motor, whose shaft is connected to a grinding wheel, grinds the rail through the end face or outer circumference of the grinding wheel;

[0021] A grinding unit frame for mounting the grinding motor;

[0022] A translation mechanism is installed between the grinding unit frame and the transverse guide column mounting frame at the bottom of the grinding vehicle to drive the grinding motor to achieve transverse operation.

[0023] A lifting mechanism is disposed between the grinding unit frame and the grinding motor, and is used to drive the grinding motor to perform lifting and pressing operations. The lifting mechanism is mounted on the motor mounting back plate.

[0024] A motor swing frame is disposed between the lifting mechanism and the grinding motor, and the grinding motor is mounted on the motor swing frame;

[0025] A side pressure mechanism is disposed between the motor mounting back plate and the motor swing frame to drive the grinding motor to achieve side pressure operation;

[0026] And a deflection mechanism disposed between the lifting mechanism and the grinding unit frame, used to drive the grinding motor to achieve deflection operation.

[0027] Furthermore, the deflection mechanism includes a deflection drive mechanism, a deflection shaft, a first rotating arm, and a second rotating arm. Both the first and second rotating arms are mounted to the rotating arm holes at the lower part of the grinding unit frame via the deflection shaft. One end of the deflection drive mechanism is mounted on the grinding unit frame, and the other end is mounted on the second rotating arm.

[0028] Furthermore, the fixed end of the deflection drive mechanism is mounted on the grinding unit frame, and the movable end is hinged to the second rotating arm. The deflection drive mechanism can drive the second rotating arm to rotate around the deflection axis, thereby driving the grinding motor to rotate around the deflection axis, achieving deflection of the grinding wheel relative to the rail at different angles.

[0029] Furthermore, the side-pressure mechanism includes a side-pressure drive mechanism, a side-pressure drive mounting bracket, and a side-pressure drive connecting seat. One end of the side-pressure drive mounting bracket is connected to the motor mounting back plate, and the other end is hinged to the fixed end of the side-pressure drive mechanism. The movable end of the side-pressure drive mechanism is connected to the motor swing bracket. The side-pressure drive mechanism can drive the grinding wheel to press against or detach from the rail.

[0030] Furthermore, the lifting mechanism includes a lifting drive mechanism, a lifting guide sleeve, and lifting guide columns. Two lifting guide columns are respectively installed on the first rotating arm and the second rotating arm, and the grinding motor is installed on the motor mounting back plate. The lifting guide sleeve is installed on the motor mounting back plate, and the assembly consisting of the grinding motor and the motor mounting back plate is movably installed on the lifting guide columns via the lifting guide sleeve. A guide column fixing beam is provided at the upper end of the lifting guide column, one end of the lifting drive mechanism is installed on the guide column fixing beam, and the other end is installed on the side pressure drive mounting frame.

[0031] Furthermore, the movable end of the lifting drive mechanism is mounted on the side pressure drive mounting bracket, and the fixed end is mounted on the fixed beam on the guide column via a lifting drive connecting seat. The lifting drive mechanism can drive the lifting guide sleeve to move on the lifting guide column, thereby driving the grinding motor to move up and down on the lifting guide column.

[0032] Furthermore, one end of the first rotating arm is connected to the lifting guide column, and the other end is hinged to the rotating arm hole at the bottom of one side of the boom via a deflection shaft.

[0033] Furthermore, the middle part of the second rotating arm is hinged to the rotating arm hole at the lower part of the other side boom via a deflection shaft. One end of the second rotating arm is connected to the lifting guide column, and the other end is hinged to the movable end of the deflection drive mechanism.

[0034] Furthermore, the translation mechanism includes a transverse guide post, a transverse guide sleeve, and a transverse drive mechanism. The grinding unit frame is movably mounted on the transverse guide post via the transverse guide sleeve. The movable end of the transverse drive mechanism is mounted on the grinding unit frame, and the fixed end is mounted on the transverse guide post mounting bracket. The transverse drive mechanism can drive the grinding unit frame to move on the transverse guide post. The transverse guide post mounting bracket includes a transverse guide post outer beam and a transverse guide post fixed beam. One end of the transverse guide post is connected to the transverse guide post outer beam, and the other end is connected to the transverse guide post fixed beam.

[0035] Furthermore, the grinding unit frame includes two booms that are parallel to each other and arranged opposite each other in the longitudinal direction, and adopt a hollow curved boom structure. The booms include two ribs that are parallel to each other and arranged opposite each other in the longitudinal direction, and the transverse guide sleeve is connected to the upper part of the two ribs.

[0036] Preferably, the rib and the transverse guide sleeve are integrally formed by assembly and welding.

[0037] Furthermore, the grinding wheel adopts a disc-type grinding wheel or a contour grinding wheel structure, and the grinding motor adopts a horizontal mounting structure. When the grinding wheel adopts a disc-type grinding wheel structure, the working surface of the grinding wheel is the end face. When the grinding wheel adopts a contour grinding wheel structure, the working surface of the grinding wheel is the outer circumferential surface. The grinding wheel is connected to the grinding motor through a belt drive mechanism, and the mounting direction of the grinding motor is perpendicular to the rotation working surface of the grinding wheel.

[0038] Furthermore, when the grinding wheel is a disc-type grinding wheel, the rail grinding unit can meet the grinding motor's grinding angle between 40° and 90° towards the inside of the rail.

[0039] Furthermore, when the grinding wheel is a profile grinding wheel, the rail grinding unit can perform grinding at any angle between 45° deflection towards the inside of the rail and 20° deflection towards the outside of the rail.

[0040] Furthermore, the lifting drive mechanism adopts a lifting hydraulic cylinder, the lifting guide sleeve adopts a linear bearing, the side pressure drive mechanism adopts a side pressure cylinder, the deflection drive mechanism adopts a deflection hydraulic cylinder, and the lateral movement drive mechanism adopts a lateral movement electric cylinder.

[0041] Preferably, the rail grinding unit further includes a motor locking device disposed on the upper part of the grinding unit frame. When the grinding motor is in a high position and not in operation, the motor locking device prevents the grinding motor from falling. The motor locking device includes a motor swing frame mounting base, a rotating shaft, and a locking hook. The motor swing frame is hinged to the motor mounting back plate via the rotating shaft, and the motor swing frame mounting base is connected to the motor swing frame via the rotating shaft. The locking hook secures the motor swing frame mounting base to the guide column and fixing beam.

[0042] By implementing the technical solution of the rail grinding unit provided by the present invention, the following beneficial effects are achieved:

[0043] (1) The rail grinding unit of the present invention has the design of pressing, deflecting, lateral movement and side pressing mechanism. The overall structure is exquisite and simple, easy to maintain, and has a large grinding angle range. It can make full use of the effective space and effectively solve the technical problems of the existing grinding unit having a small deflection angle range, large volume and complex structure. When the grinding wheel adopts end face grinding, it can meet the grinding of any angle of rail deflection from 40° to 90°, which can effectively solve the problems that the large angle of the inner side of the rail cannot be ground and cannot safely pass through the turnout area. When the grinding wheel adopts outer circumferential surface grinding, it can meet the grinding of any angle of rail deflection from 45° to 20°, which can fully adapt to the various needs of railway rail grinding.

[0044] (2) The rail grinding unit of the present invention adopts a lifting motion structure in the form of double parallel guide columns and four sliders, which can ensure the grinding quality at the beginning stage of rail grinding and effectively solve the technical problems of high lifting motion resistance, slow response during constant power grinding, and bouncing during contact with the rail in traditional grinding units; the single downward drive mechanism can solve the technical problems of asynchronous drive mechanism, slow action response, large grinding stone drop range, inaccurate angle control of grinding unit, and inconvenience in replacing grinding motor when using double lifting drive mechanism, making the moment when grinding stone contacts the rail more gently;

[0045] (3) The rail grinding unit of the present invention adopts a single downward drive mechanism, the guide sleeve adopts a linear bearing, and the action between the downward guide column and the guide sleeve is changed to rolling friction, which reduces the resistance of the grinding motor lifting and lowering, and can better ensure the lifting and falling response speed and the overall landing point control accuracy of the grinding unit during constant power grinding.

[0046] (4) The rail grinding unit of the present invention adopts an open structure design. Before the outer beam of the transverse guide column is installed, the grinding unit frame with the grinding motor can slide on the transverse guide column or be completely removed. This is conducive to the overall maintenance of the rail grinding unit. At the same time, the grinding motor can be maintained and repaired after it is moved to the outside and deflected to the outside by a certain angle. This can effectively improve the maintenance and upkeep performance of the entire grinding unit.

[0047] (5) The rail grinding unit of the present invention has a deflection drive mechanism with a displacement sensor mechanism, which makes the angle deflection more stable and the response speed faster. The hydraulic cylinder is installed in the unit frame, which can effectively utilize space and reduce the volume of the grinding unit. At the same time, the side pressure cylinder applies pressure perpendicular to the end face to the grinding stone, which can enable the grinding unit to pass through the turnout area effectively and safely. The transverse electric cylinder design has better position control capability than the transverse hydraulic cylinder method, which can effectively improve the quality of rail grinding while achieving a wide range of grinding angle coverage.

[0048] (6) In the rail grinding unit of the present invention, the grinding wheel is driven by a belt, which enables the grinding wheel to pass through the turnout grinding area safely and reliably; at the same time, the grinding motor and the grinding wheel drive shaft are driven by a belt, which can realize the adjustment of the grinding wheel speed, and also reduce the impact on the motor when the grinding wheel contacts the rail, thus extending the service life of the grinding motor. Attached Figure Description

[0049] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other embodiments can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0050] Figure 1 This is a schematic right view of a specific embodiment of the rail grinding unit of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 2 This is a schematic front view of a specific embodiment of the rail grinding unit of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A partially enlarged structural diagram of part A in the middle;

[0053] Figure 4 This is a schematic left view of a specific embodiment of the rail grinding unit of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 5 This is a schematic rear view of a specific embodiment of the rail grinding unit of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 6 This is a schematic top view of a specific embodiment of the rail grinding unit of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 7 This is a schematic perspective view of a specific embodiment of the rail grinding unit of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the structure of a specific embodiment of the rail grinding unit of the present invention from another perspective;

[0058] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rail grinding unit of the present invention after removing the grinding unit frame, according to a specific embodiment.

[0059] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the rail grinding unit of the present invention from another perspective after removing the grinding unit frame, representing a specific embodiment of the unit.

[0060] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the rail grinding unit of the present invention from another perspective after removing the grinding unit frame, representing a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0061] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rail grinding unit of the present invention after removing the grinding unit frame from a third perspective, according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0062] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of a specific embodiment of the rail grinding unit of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of a specific embodiment of the rail grinding unit of the present invention from another perspective;

[0064] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the rail grinding unit of the present invention, in which the end face is ground at an inward deviation of 90°.

[0065] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the rail grinding unit of the present invention, in which the end face is ground at an inward deviation of 40°.

[0066] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the rail grinding unit of the present invention, in which the outer circumferential surface is ground at an inward deviation of 45°.

[0067] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the rail grinding unit of the present invention, in which the outer circumferential surface is ground at an inward deviation of 20°.

[0068] In the diagram: 1-Outer beam of the transverse guide column, 2-Transverse guide column, 3-Fixed beam of the transverse guide column, 4-Grinding unit frame, 5-Motor locking device, 6-Lifting drive mechanism, 7-Grinding motor, 8-Motor mounting back plate, 9-Lifting guide sleeve, 10-Side pressure drive mechanism, 11-Deflection drive mechanism, 12-Deflection shaft, 13-Transverse drive mechanism, 14-Lifting guide column, 15-First rotating arm, 16-Grinding wheel, 17-Second rotating arm, 18-Belt drive mechanism, 19-Motor swing frame, 20-Transverse guide sleeve, 21-Fixed beam on the guide column, 22-Motor swing frame mounting seat, 23-Rotating shaft, 24-Side pressure drive mounting frame, 25-First connecting beam, 26-Side pressure drive connecting seat, 27-Arm, 28-Rib plate, 29-Rotating arm hole, 30-Belt, 31-First pulley 32-Second pulley, 33-Third pulley, 34-Transmission box, 35-Outer bushing, 36-Inner bushing, 37-Stabilizing washer, 38-Nut, 39-Lifting drive connecting seat, 40-Second connecting beam, 41-Locking hook, 50-Rail. Detailed Implementation

[0069] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0070] As attached Figure 1 To be continued Figure 18 As shown, a specific embodiment of the rail grinding unit of the present invention is given. The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0071] As attached Figure 1 To be continued Figure 14 As shown, an embodiment of a rail grinding unit specifically includes:

[0072] The grinding motor 7 has its shaft connected to the grinding wheel 16, and grinds the rail through the end face or outer circumference of the grinding wheel 16.

[0073] Grinding unit frame 4 for mounting grinding motor 7;

[0074] A translation mechanism is installed between the grinding unit frame 4 and the transverse guide column mounting bracket at the bottom of the grinding carriage to drive the grinding motor 7 to achieve transverse operation.

[0075] A lifting mechanism is installed between the grinding unit frame 4 and the grinding motor 7 to drive the grinding motor 7 to perform lifting and pressing operations. The lifting mechanism is mounted on the motor mounting back plate 8.

[0076] The motor swing frame 19 is located between the lifting mechanism and the grinding motor 7, and the grinding motor 7 is mounted on the motor swing frame 19.

[0077] A side pressure mechanism is installed between the motor mounting back plate 8 and the motor swing bracket 19 to drive the grinding motor 7 to achieve side pressure operation.

[0078] And a deflection mechanism located between the lifting mechanism and the grinding unit frame 4, used to drive the grinding motor 7 to achieve deflection operation.

[0079] The grinding wheel 16 adopts a disc-type grinding wheel or a contour grinding wheel structure, and the grinding motor 7 adopts a horizontal mounting structure. When the grinding wheel 16 adopts a disc-type grinding wheel structure, the working surface of the grinding wheel 16 is the end face. When the grinding wheel 16 adopts a contour grinding wheel structure, the working surface of the grinding wheel 16 is the outer circumferential surface. The grinding wheel 16 is further connected to the grinding motor 7 through a belt drive mechanism 18, and the mounting direction of the grinding motor 7 is perpendicular to the rotating working surface of the grinding wheel 16. The grinding motor 7 specifically adopts an aluminum motor housing, effectively realizing the lightweight design of the rail grinding unit. At the same time, the grinding motor 7 adopts a fanless motor design, effectively improving the service life of the motor. The rail grinding unit described in the specific embodiment has a lateral movement, downward pressure, deflection, and side pressure mechanism, which can complete the grinding of the inner side of the turnout rail, and has a larger grinding deflection angle, enabling grinding of the main rail and turnout lines.

[0080] The translation mechanism further includes a transverse guide post 2, a transverse guide sleeve 20, and a transverse drive mechanism 13. The grinding unit frame 4 is movably mounted on the transverse guide post 2 via the transverse guide sleeve 20. The transverse guide post mounting frame includes a transverse guide post outer beam 1 and a transverse guide post fixing beam 3. One end of the transverse guide post 2 is connected to the transverse guide post outer beam 1, and the other end is connected to the transverse guide post fixing beam 3. The movable end of the transverse drive mechanism 13 is mounted on the grinding unit frame 4, and the fixed end is mounted on the transverse guide post fixing beam 3. The transverse drive mechanism 13 can drive the grinding unit frame 4 to move on the transverse guide post 2. The transverse guide post mounting frame, including the transverse guide post outer beam 1 and the transverse guide post fixing beam 3, belongs to the upper frame part of the rail grinding unit. Two transverse guide posts 2 are mounted on the transverse guide post mounting frame and pass through the first connecting beam 25. They can be fixed to the transverse guide post mounting frame by bolts, nuts, or other means. The grinding unit frame 4 is mounted on the transverse guide post 2, and the other end of the transverse guide post 2, after the grinding unit frame 4 is installed, is mounted on the outer beam 1 of the transverse guide post. In the rail grinding unit described in the specific embodiment, the grinding unit frame 4 adopts an open structure design. Before the outer beam 1 of the transverse guide post is installed, the grinding unit frame 4 can slide on the transverse guide post 2 or be completely withdrawn. This facilitates the overall maintenance of the rail grinding unit and effectively improves the maintenance and upkeep performance of the entire grinding unit. Simultaneously, the grinding motor 7 can be maintained and repaired by moving laterally outward and deflecting outward at a certain angle.

[0081] The grinding unit frame 4 further includes two parallel, longitudinally opposed booms 27 with a hollow curved boom structure. Each boom 27 includes two parallel, longitudinally opposed ribs 28, with a transverse guide sleeve 20 connected to the upper part of the two ribs 28. The ribs 28 and the transverse guide sleeve 20 are assembled and welded into an integrated structure, which better ensures processing accuracy and solves the technical defects of existing grinding unit frames that use bolt-jointed assembly, resulting in complex structures and cumbersome installation. The rail grinding unit structure described in the specific embodiment is simple and compact, ensuring the miniaturization design requirements of the entire grinding unit. The grinding unit frame 4 adopts an open structure design, making the overall structure compact and simple, maximizing the use of limited space. This allows the grinding unit to occupy less space and be easier to maintain while meeting the requirements of transverse movement, deflection, lifting, and lateral pressure actions, effectively improving the maintenance performance of the grinding unit, including the grinding motor. The grinding unit frame 4 has a simple and reliable structure, which can make full use of the available space and meet the design of the grinding motor with an inward deviation of 40° to 90°. It effectively solves the technical problems that grinding cannot be carried out at large inner angles and that the turnout area cannot be safely passed through.

[0082] The deflection mechanism further includes a deflection drive mechanism 11, a deflection shaft 12, a first rotating arm 15, and a second rotating arm 17. Both the first rotating arm 15 and the second rotating arm 17 are mounted to the rotating arm holes 29 at the lower part of the grinding unit frame 4 via the deflection shaft 12. One end of the deflection drive mechanism 11 is mounted on the grinding unit frame 4, and the other end is mounted on the second rotating arm 17. The deflection drive mechanism 11 is further installed inside the grinding unit frame 4, which effectively utilizes available space and minimizes the volume of the rail grinding unit. Specifically, the fixed end of the deflection drive mechanism 11 is mounted on the grinding unit frame 4, and the movable end is hinged to the second rotating arm 17. The deflection drive mechanism 11 drives the second rotating arm 17 to rotate around the deflection shaft 12, thereby driving the grinding motor 7 to rotate around the deflection shaft 12. This allows the grinding wheel 16 to deflect at different angles relative to the rail 50. Simultaneously, with the cooperation of the lateral drive mechanism 13, the rail grinding unit can achieve an optimal grinding position for the grinding wheel 16 relative to the rail 50, resulting in high-quality grinding of the rail 50. The deflection drive mechanism 11 incorporates a displacement sensor mechanism, resulting in smoother angle deflection and faster response, while effectively avoiding the risk of drive mechanism failure that can easily occur with a single deflection drive mechanism. After the grinding motor 7 is installed, the angle between the grinding wheel 16 and the rail 50 is controllable, effectively ensuring that the direction of high-temperature iron filings splashing during grinding is controllable.

[0083] The side-pressure mechanism further includes a side-pressure drive mechanism 10, a side-pressure drive mounting bracket 24, and a side-pressure drive connecting seat 26. One end of the side-pressure drive mounting bracket 24 is connected to the motor mounting back plate 8, and the other end is hinged to the fixed end of the side-pressure drive mechanism 10. The movable end of the side-pressure drive mechanism 10 is connected to the motor swing bracket 19. The side-pressure drive mechanism 10 can drive the grinding wheel 16 to press against or detach from the rail 50. When grinding is performed using the end face of the grinding wheel 16, the side-pressure drive mechanism 10 retracts to press the grinding wheel 16 against the rail 50. When the grinding wheel 16 passes through the turnout area, the side-pressure drive mechanism 10 extends to detach the grinding wheel 16 from the rail by 5-8 mm, allowing the grinding wheel 16 to pass smoothly through areas such as hazardous spaces in turnouts where the grinding wheel needs to be briefly lifted and then lowered. The rail grinding unit described in this embodiment is designed with a side pressure drive mechanism 10. The side pressure drive mechanism 10 can apply pressure perpendicular to the end face of the grinding wheel 16, and can control the grinding wheel 16 to perform side pressure on the rail 50 or to disengage from the rail 50 within the small space of the guard rail and the basic area. This not only ensures that the rail grinding unit is safe, stable and reliable during the grinding of the turnout, but also allows the rail grinding unit to pass through the turnout area safely and effectively.

[0084] The lifting mechanism further includes a lifting drive mechanism 6, a lifting guide sleeve 9, and lifting guide columns 14. Two lifting guide columns 14 are respectively mounted on the first rotating arm 15 and the second rotating arm 17. The grinding motor 7 is mounted on the motor mounting back plate 8. The lifting guide sleeve 9 is mounted on the motor mounting back plate 8, and the assembly consisting of the grinding motor 7 and the motor mounting back plate 8 is movably mounted on the lifting guide columns 14 via the lifting guide sleeve 9. A guide column fixed beam 21 is provided at the upper end of the lifting guide column 14. One end of the lifting drive mechanism 6 is mounted on the guide column fixed beam 21, and the other end is mounted on the side pressure drive mounting frame 24. The rail grinding unit described in this embodiment specifically adopts a lifting motion structure in the form of double parallel guide columns (i.e., lifting guide columns 14) and four sliders (i.e., lifting guide sleeves 9), which can ensure the grinding quality at the beginning stage of rail grinding and effectively solve the technical problems of high lifting motion resistance, slow response during constant power grinding, and bouncing during contact with the rail in traditional grinding units. Meanwhile, the adoption of a single downward drive mechanism can solve the technical problems that the use of a dual lifting drive mechanism can easily lead to asynchronous drive mechanisms, slow action response, large grinding stone drop range, inaccurate angle control of the grinding unit, and inconvenience in replacing the grinding motor. This makes the moment when the grinding stone contacts the steel rail more gently, and can also effectively solve the technical problems of excessive vibration and low structural rigidity of traditional grinding units and motors.

[0085] The movable end of the lifting drive mechanism 6 is mounted on the side pressure drive mounting bracket 24, and the fixed end is mounted on the fixed beam 21 on the guide column via the lifting drive connecting seat 40. The lifting drive mechanism 6 drives the lifting guide sleeve 9 to move on the lifting guide column 14, thereby driving the grinding motor 7 to move up and down on the lifting guide column 14. One end of the first rotating arm 15 is connected to the lifting guide column 14, and the other end is hinged to the rotating arm hole 29 at the lower part of one side of the arm 27 via the deflection shaft 12. The middle part of the second rotating arm 17 is hinged to the rotating arm hole 29 at the lower part of the other side of the arm 27 via the deflection shaft 12. One end of the second rotating arm 17 is connected to the lifting guide column 14, and the other end is hinged to the movable end of the deflection drive mechanism 11. In this embodiment, a single lifting drive mechanism is specifically adopted, which can solve the technical defects of using a dual lifting drive mechanism, such as asynchronous drive mechanisms, inaccurate angle control of the grinding unit, and inconvenience in replacing the grinding motor 7. The rail grinding unit of this invention adopts a single downward drive mechanism, which can ensure the grinding quality at the beginning stage of rail grinding. The guide sleeve adopts a linear bearing, and the action between the downward guide column and the guide sleeve is changed to rolling friction, which reduces the resistance of the grinding motor lifting and lowering, and better ensures the lifting and falling response speed and the overall landing point control accuracy of the grinding unit during constant power grinding.

[0086] The belt drive mechanism 18 is connected to the grinding wheel 16 via a transmission box 34, and a connecting beam 25 is provided between the transmission box 34 and the motor swing frame 19. (See attached diagram) Figure 5 As shown, the belt drive mechanism 18 further includes a belt 30, a first pulley 31, a second pulley 32, and a third pulley 33. The shaft of the grinding motor 7 is connected to the first pulley 31, and the shaft of the grinding wheel 16 is connected to the third pulley 33. The first pulley 31, the second pulley 32, and the third pulley 33 are connected by the belt 30. The driving force of the grinding wheel 16 is driven by the belt drive mechanism 18, which allows the grinding wheel 16 to safely and reliably pass through the turnout grinding area. The transmission shafts of the grinding motor 7 and the grinding wheel 16 are driven by the belt 30, which allows for speed adjustment of the grinding wheel 16 and reduces the impact on the motor when the grinding wheel 16 contacts the rail 50, thus extending the life of the grinding motor.

[0087] The rail grinding unit also includes a motor locking device 5 located on the upper part of the grinding unit frame 4. When the grinding motor 7 is in a high position and not in operation, the motor locking device 5 prevents the grinding motor 7 from falling, effectively ensuring the safety and reliability of the rail grinding unit's operation. The motor locking device 5 includes a motor swing frame mounting base 22, a rotating shaft 23, and a locking hook 41. The motor swing frame 19 is hinged to the motor mounting back plate 8 via the rotating shaft 23, and the motor swing frame mounting base 22 is connected to the motor swing frame 19 via the rotating shaft 23. The locking hook 41 secures the motor swing frame mounting base 22 to the guide column fixing beam 21.

[0088] As attached Figure 3 As shown, an inner bushing 36 is further provided between the deflection shaft 12 and the second rotating arm 17, and an outer bushing 35 is provided between the deflection shaft 12 and the rib plate 28. The deflection shaft 12 is fixed by a retaining washer 37 and a nut 38. A similar structure is also present between the deflection shaft 12 on the other side and the first rotating arm 15, as well as the rib plate 28. A bushing structure design is adopted at the installation position of the deflection shaft 12. After the bushing wears out, the bushing and the deflection shaft can be replaced. This can effectively extend the service life of the grinding unit frame 4 while ensuring the smooth deflection of the grinding motor 7, and effectively avoid the motor vibration caused by the clearance problem of the traditional bearing installation method.

[0089] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lifting guide sleeve 9 further adopts a linear bearing (i.e., a rolling bearing), changing the interaction between the lowering guide column and the guide sleeve to rolling friction. This reduces the resistance of the grinding motor's lifting and lowering, and better ensures the lifting and lowering response speed and the overall landing point control accuracy of the grinding unit during constant power grinding; a single lowering drive mechanism (i.e., a lifting drive mechanism). The lifting drive mechanism 6 further adopts a lifting cylinder with a sensor to control the falling height and precisely adjust the contact position between the grinding wheel 16 and the rail 50. The side-pressure drive mechanism 10 further adopts a side-pressure cylinder, which effectively solves the technical problems of excessive vibration and low structural rigidity in traditional grinding units and motors. The deflection drive mechanism 11 further adopts a deflection cylinder with a built-in high-precision displacement sensor, ensuring stable and reliable angle deflection and faster response speed. The deflection angle is controlled by the built-in sensor of the cylinder, making the angle deflection more accurate. The transverse drive mechanism 13 further adopts a transverse electric cylinder, which has better position control capabilities compared to the transverse hydraulic cylinder method, and can effectively improve the grinding quality of rails while achieving a wide range of grinding angle coverage. The grinding motor 7 adopts a lifting structure composed of guide columns and guide sleeves. The upper end of the guide columns has a fixed spacing structure, while the lower end has an adjustable structure. This solves a series of technical defects of the existing grinding motor using a fixed spacing guide column installation method, such as high requirements for the upper and lower mounting hole spacing of the guide columns, high requirements for the perpendicularity of the joint surface of the guide columns and the guide column mounting holes, difficulty in ensuring the parallelism between the two guide columns, large resistance and large off-center load during the up and down movement, and the need to ensure a certain height difference after the two guide columns are installed, as well as the difficulty in processing and maintaining the guide column mounting frame. Moreover, the guide sleeve of the rail grinding unit adopts a linear bearing structure, which makes the up and down movement of the grinding motor 7 smoother and ensures more effective constant power control during the operation of the grinding motor 7.

[0090] As attached Figure 15 and 16As shown, when grinding is performed using the end face of grinding wheel 16 (i.e., using a disc grinding wheel), the rail grinding unit can perform grinding at any angle between 40° and 90° of the grinding motor 7 deflecting inwards towards the rail 50. This effectively solves problems such as the inability to grind the inner side of the rail at large angles and the inability to safely pass through the turnout area. (See attached diagram) Figure 17 and 18 As shown, when the outer circumferential surface of the grinding wheel 16 (i.e., the profile grinding wheel) is used for grinding, the rail grinding unit can meet the grinding motor 7 at any angle between 45° deflection towards the inner side of the rail 50 and 20° deflection towards the outer side of the rail 50, and can fully adapt to various needs of railway rail grinding.

[0091] The rail grinding unit described in this embodiment incorporates downward pressure, deflection, lateral movement, and side pressure mechanisms. It offers a wide grinding angle range, a simple and reliable structure, and makes full use of available space. When the grinding wheel 16 uses an end face (i.e., a disc-type grinding wheel), it can grind rails at any angle from 90° to 40° inward deviation, effectively solving technical problems such as the inability to grind large angles on the inner side of the rail and the inability to safely pass through turnout areas. When the grinding wheel 16 uses an outer circumferential surface (i.e., a contour grinding wheel), it can grind rails at any angle from 45° inward deviation to 20° outward deviation. The overall structure is compact, simple, easy to maintain, and occupies little space, effectively solving the technical problems of existing grinding units having a small deflection angle range, large size, and complex structure. It can fully meet various needs of railway rail grinding and effectively solve problems such as the inability to grind large angles on the inner side and the inability to safely pass through turnout areas.

[0092] In this embodiment, the lifting drive mechanism 6, the deflection drive mechanism 11, the side pressure drive mechanism 10, and the transverse drive mechanism 13 can all be specifically implemented using hydraulic cylinders, pneumatic cylinders, or electric cylinders. The guide sleeve and guide post combination structure of the lifting guide column 14 and the lifting guide sleeve 9, and the transverse guide column 2 and the transverse guide sleeve 20 can also be replaced by alternative structures such as guide rail and slider combinations, or gear and rack combinations to achieve the function of the moving pair. It should be noted that although the transverse electric cylinder in this embodiment can also be replaced by a transverse hydraulic cylinder or a transverse pneumatic cylinder, the lifting hydraulic cylinder can also be replaced by a lifting pneumatic cylinder or a lifting electric cylinder, the deflection hydraulic cylinder can also be replaced by a deflection pneumatic cylinder or a deflection electric cylinder, and the side pressure cylinder can also be replaced by a side pressure hydraulic cylinder or a side pressure electric cylinder, the overall grinding operation effect will be inferior to the preferred technical solution given in the above specific embodiments of the present invention.

[0093] By implementing the technical solution of the rail grinding unit described in the specific embodiments of the present invention, the following technical effects can be achieved:

[0094] (1) The rail grinding unit described in the specific embodiments of the present invention has the design of pressing, deflecting, lateral movement and side pressing mechanisms. The overall structure is exquisite and simple, easy to maintain, and has a large grinding angle range. It can make full use of the effective space and effectively solve the technical problems of existing grinding units having a small deflection angle range, large volume and complex structure. When the grinding wheel adopts end face grinding, it can meet the grinding of any angle of rail deflection from 40° to 90°, which can effectively solve the problems that the large angle of the inner side of the rail cannot be ground and cannot safely pass through the turnout area. When the grinding wheel adopts outer circumferential surface grinding, it can meet the grinding of any angle of rail deflection from 45° to 20°, which can fully adapt to the various needs of railway rail grinding.

[0095] (2) The rail grinding unit described in the specific embodiment of the present invention adopts a lifting motion structure in the form of double parallel guide columns and four sliders, which can ensure the grinding quality at the beginning stage of rail grinding and effectively solve the technical problems of high lifting motion resistance, slow response during constant power grinding, and bouncing during contact with the rail in traditional grinding units; The single downward drive mechanism can solve the technical problems of asynchronous drive mechanism, slow action response, large grinding stone landing point range, inaccurate angle control of grinding unit, and inconvenience in replacing grinding motor when using a double lifting drive mechanism, making the moment when the grinding stone contacts the rail more gently;

[0096] (3) The rail grinding unit described in the specific embodiment of the present invention adopts a single downward drive mechanism, the guide sleeve adopts a linear bearing, and the action between the downward guide column and the guide sleeve is changed to rolling friction, which reduces the resistance of the grinding motor lifting and lowering, and can better ensure the lifting and falling response speed and the overall landing point control accuracy of the grinding unit during constant power grinding.

[0097] (4) The rail grinding unit described in the specific embodiment of the present invention adopts an open structure design. Before the outer beam of the transverse guide column is installed, the grinding unit frame with the grinding motor can slide on the transverse guide column or be completely withdrawn. This is conducive to the overall maintenance of the rail grinding unit. At the same time, the grinding motor can be maintained and repaired after it is moved to the outside and deflected to the outside by a certain angle. This can effectively improve the maintenance and upkeep performance of the entire grinding unit.

[0098] (5) The rail grinding unit described in the specific embodiment of the present invention has a deflection drive mechanism with a displacement sensor mechanism, which makes the angle deflection more stable and the response speed faster. The hydraulic cylinder is installed in the unit frame, which can effectively utilize space and reduce the volume of the grinding unit. At the same time, the side pressure cylinder applies pressure perpendicular to the end face to the grinding stone, which can enable the grinding unit to pass through the turnout area effectively and safely. The transverse electric cylinder design has better position control capability than the transverse hydraulic cylinder method, which can effectively improve the quality of rail grinding while achieving a wide range of grinding angle coverage.

[0099] (6) The rail grinding unit described in the specific embodiment of the present invention uses a belt to drive the grinding wheel, which enables the grinding wheel to pass through the turnout grinding area safely and reliably. At the same time, the grinding motor and the grinding wheel drive shaft are driven by a belt, which can adjust the speed of the grinding wheel and reduce the impact on the motor when the grinding wheel contacts the rail, thus extending the service life of the grinding motor.

[0100] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0101] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make many possible variations and modifications to the technical solutions of the present invention using the methods and techniques disclosed above, or modify them into equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, without departing from the spirit and technical essence of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent substitutions, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solutions of the present invention shall still fall within the protection scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rail grinding unit, characterized in that, include: The grinding motor (7) has its shaft connected to the grinding wheel (16), and grinds the rail (50) through the end face or outer circumference of the grinding wheel (16); Grinding unit frame (4) for mounting the grinding motor (7); A translation mechanism is set between the grinding unit frame (4) and the transverse guide column mounting frame at the bottom of the grinding vehicle to drive the grinding motor (7) to achieve transverse operation; A lifting mechanism is provided between the grinding unit frame (4) and the grinding motor (7) for driving the grinding motor (7) to perform lifting and pressing operations. The lifting mechanism is installed on the motor mounting back plate (8). A motor swing frame (19) is provided between the lifting mechanism and the grinding motor (7), and the grinding motor (7) is mounted on the motor swing frame (19); A side pressure mechanism is provided between the motor mounting back plate (8) and the motor swing frame (19) for driving the grinding motor (7) to achieve side pressure operation; And a deflection mechanism disposed between the lifting mechanism and the grinding unit frame (4) for driving the grinding motor (7) to achieve deflection operation; The grinding wheel (16) adopts a disc-type grinding wheel or a contour grinding wheel structure, and the grinding motor (7) adopts a horizontal mounting structure; when the grinding wheel (16) adopts a disc-type grinding wheel structure, the working surface of the grinding wheel (16) is the end face; when the grinding wheel (16) adopts a contour grinding wheel structure, the working surface of the grinding wheel (16) is the outer circumferential surface; the grinding wheel (16) is connected to the grinding motor (7) through a belt drive mechanism (18), and the mounting direction of the grinding motor (7) is perpendicular to the rotating working surface of the grinding wheel (16); The deflection mechanism includes a deflection drive mechanism (11), a deflection shaft (12), a first rotating arm (15), and a second rotating arm (17); the first rotating arm (15) and the second rotating arm (17) are both installed in the rotating arm hole (29) at the bottom of the grinding unit frame (4) through the deflection shaft (12); one end of the deflection drive mechanism (11) is installed on the grinding unit frame (4), and the other end is installed on the second rotating arm (17); The fixed end of the deflection drive mechanism (11) is mounted on the grinding unit frame (4), and the movable end is hinged to the second rotating arm (17). The deflection drive mechanism (11) can drive the second rotating arm (17) to rotate around the deflection shaft (12), thereby driving the grinding motor (7) to rotate around the deflection shaft (12) and realize the deflection of the grinding wheel (16) relative to the rail (50) at different angles. The side pressure mechanism includes a side pressure drive mechanism (10), a side pressure drive mounting bracket (24), and a side pressure drive connecting seat (26). One end of the side pressure drive mounting bracket (24) is connected to the motor mounting back plate (8), and the other end is hinged to the fixed end of the side pressure drive mechanism (10). The movable end of the side pressure drive mechanism (10) is connected to the motor swing bracket (19). The side pressure drive mechanism (10) can drive the grinding wheel (16) to press on the rail (50) or to detach from the rail (50).

2. The rail grinding unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism includes a lifting drive mechanism (6), a lifting guide sleeve (9), and a lifting guide column (14). The two lifting guide columns (14) are respectively installed on the first rotating arm (15) and the second rotating arm (17). The grinding motor (7) is installed on the motor mounting back plate (8). The lifting guide sleeve (9) is installed on the motor mounting back plate (8). The assembly consisting of the grinding motor (7) and the motor mounting back plate (8) is movably installed on the lifting guide column (14) through the lifting guide sleeve (9). The upper end of the lifting guide column (14) is provided with a guide column fixing beam (21). One end of the lifting drive mechanism (6) is installed on the guide column fixing beam (21), and the other end is installed on the side pressure drive mounting frame (24).

3. The rail grinding unit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The movable end of the lifting drive mechanism (6) is mounted on the side pressure drive mounting bracket (24), and the fixed end is mounted on the fixed beam (21) on the guide column through the lifting drive connecting seat (39). The lifting drive mechanism (6) can drive the lifting guide sleeve (9) to move on the lifting guide column (14), thereby driving the grinding motor (7) to move up and down on the lifting guide column (14).

4. The rail grinding unit according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: One end of the first rotating arm (15) is connected to the lifting guide column (14), and the other end is hinged to the rotating arm hole (29) at the bottom of the side arm (27) via the deflection shaft (12).

5. The rail grinding unit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The middle part of the second rotating arm (17) is hinged to the rotating arm hole (29) at the lower part of the other side boom (27) via the deflection shaft (12). One end of the second rotating arm (17) is connected to the lifting guide column (14), and the other end is hinged to the movable end of the deflection drive mechanism (11).

6. The rail grinding unit according to claim 2, 3 or 5, characterized in that: The translation mechanism includes a transverse guide post (2), a transverse guide sleeve (20), and a transverse drive mechanism (13). The grinding unit frame (4) is movably mounted on the transverse guide post (2) via the transverse guide sleeve (20). The movable end of the transverse drive mechanism (13) is mounted on the grinding unit frame (4), and the fixed end is mounted on the transverse guide post mounting frame. The transverse drive mechanism (13) can drive the grinding unit frame (4) to move on the transverse guide post (2). The transverse guide post mounting frame includes a transverse guide post outer beam (1) and a transverse guide post fixed beam (3). One end of the transverse guide post (2) is connected to the transverse guide post outer beam (1), and the other end is connected to the transverse guide post fixed beam (3).

7. The rail grinding unit according to claim 6, characterized in that: The grinding unit frame (4) includes two booms (27) that are parallel to each other and arranged opposite each other in the longitudinal direction, and adopt a hollow curved boom structure. The boom (27) includes two ribs (28) that are parallel to each other and arranged opposite each other in the longitudinal direction. The transverse guide sleeve (20) is connected to the upper part of the two ribs (28).

8. The rail grinding unit according to claim 7, characterized in that: The rib (28) and the transverse guide sleeve (20) are an integral structure formed by assembly and welding.

9. The rail grinding unit according to claim 8, characterized in that: When the grinding wheel (16) is used for grinding, the rail grinding unit can meet the grinding requirements of the grinding motor (7) at any angle between 40° deflection toward the inside of the rail (50) and 90° deflection toward the inside of the rail (50).

10. The rail grinding unit according to claim 9, characterized in that: When the grinding wheel (16) uses a profile grinding wheel for grinding, the rail grinding unit can satisfy the grinding motor (7) to grind at any angle between 45° deflection towards the inside of the rail (50) and 20° deflection towards the outside of the rail (50).

11. The rail grinding unit according to claim 10, characterized in that: The lifting drive mechanism (6) adopts a lifting cylinder, the lifting guide sleeve (9) adopts a linear bearing, the side pressure drive mechanism (10) adopts a side pressure cylinder, the deflection drive mechanism (11) adopts a deflection cylinder, and the lateral movement drive mechanism (13) adopts a lateral movement electric cylinder.

12. The rail grinding unit according to claim 11, characterized in that: It also includes a motor locking device (5) set on the upper part of the grinding unit frame (4). When the grinding motor (7) is in a high position and not in working state, the motor locking device (5) restricts the grinding motor (7) from falling. The motor locking device (5) includes a motor swing frame mounting base (22), a rotating shaft (23) and a locking hook (41). The motor swing frame (19) is hinged to the motor mounting back plate (8) through the rotating shaft (23), and the motor swing frame mounting base (22) is connected to the motor swing frame (19) through the rotating shaft (23). The motor swing frame mounting base (22) is fixed on the guide column fixing beam (21) by the locking hook (41).

Images