Hybrid brake device

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of brake actuators, and specifically relates to an oil-electric hybrid brake device. The brake device includes a caliper frame and a caliper body slidably connected to the caliper frame; the caliper body has a jaw that can accommodate a brake disc; friction plates are provided on the caliper body and on both sides of the jaw, respectively recorded as the first friction plate and the second friction plate, and a hydraulic drive device and an electric drive device are relatively provided on the caliper frame and on both sides of the caliper body; the hydraulic drive device can push the first friction plate to move in the direction close to the second friction plate, and the electric drive device can push the second friction plate to move in the direction close to the first friction plate. The present invention not only shortens the braking response time, but also improves the braking force, effectively solving the defect that the traditional EPB braking response speed and braking force cannot be taken into account at the same time. At the same time, the present invention has the dual functions of service braking and parking braking, and has the advantages of good braking stability and less space occupation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of brake actuators, and in particular relates to an oil-electric hybrid brake device. Background Art

[0002] Most of the current electronic parking brake systems (EPB) for motor vehicles use integrated calipers. When the motor vehicle is in motion, the integrated caliper squeezes the friction plate and the brake disc to provide a large braking force through hydraulic pressure, which quickly reduces the speed of the motor vehicle. When the motor vehicle is stopped, the electronic parking actuator squeezes the friction plate and the brake disc to prevent the vehicle from moving or slipping on a slope.

[0003] During practice and research, we found that the existing EPB has some insurmountable defects due to the limitations of its structural layout and working mode. In the non-braking state, a certain free gap must be left between the brake disc and the friction plate. The size of the free gap cannot be infinitely reduced due to factors such as thermal expansion and contraction, driving vibration, and dust in the air. Therefore, during braking, the friction plate moves to compress the free gap, which adds an extra response time to the brake. This extra response time is insignificant during parking braking, but it will have an unignorable impact on the braking performance and safety of the vehicle during driving braking. When the vehicle is driving at high speed, a response time of 0.1s corresponds to a braking distance of about 3m. In addition, the vehicle requires a very large braking force during driving braking, so a hydraulic braking method is used. The hydraulic braking method uses a hydraulic power source to inject high-pressure oil into the cylinder to push the friction plate to squeeze the brake disc. Under the condition of a certain power of the hydraulic power source, the travel speed of the friction plate and the extrusion force are inversely related. Therefore, in order to ensure sufficient extrusion force, the travel speed of the friction plate is greatly restricted, which will correspondingly produce a longer extra response time. In order to shorten the additional response time, the power of the hydraulic power source can be increased, but this will greatly increase the cost and size of the hydraulic power source. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides an oil-electric hybrid braking device.

[0005] The oil-electric hybrid brake device provided by the present invention comprises a caliper frame and a caliper body slidably connected to the caliper frame; the caliper body is provided with a jaw that can accommodate a brake disc; friction plates are respectively provided on the caliper body and on both sides of the jaw, which are respectively recorded as a first friction plate and a second friction plate, and at least one side of the friction plates on both sides is slidably connected to the caliper body; a hydraulic drive device and an electric drive device are also relatively provided on the caliper frame and on both sides of the caliper body; the hydraulic drive device can push the first friction plate to move in a direction close to the second friction plate, and the electric drive device can push the second friction plate to move in a direction close to the first friction plate.

[0006] The friction plate arrangement may be that the friction plates on both sides are slidably connected to the caliper body, or that the friction plate on one side is slidably connected to the caliper body, and the friction plate on the other side is fixedly connected to the caliper body. The pushing speed of the electric drive device is preferably greater than the pushing speed of the hydraulic drive device, and more preferably greater than 3 times the pushing speed of the hydraulic drive device. The electric drive device preferably uses an electric drive device with a self-locking function. The self-locking function of the drive device can usually be achieved by setting a transmission structure with a self-locking function. The self-locking function means that only one-way transmission is possible. If the reverse transmission is performed, it will be locked due to the limitation of its own transmission structure. In reality, there are many transmission structures with self-locking functions, such as the transmission of the threaded rod and the threaded sleeve. When the lead angle of the threaded rod is less than the equivalent friction angle, the rotational movement of the threaded rod can drive the linear movement of the threaded sleeve, while the linear movement of the threaded sleeve cannot drive the rotational movement of the threaded rod, that is, it has a self-locking function; similarly, the cooperation of the worm with the worm wheel and the helical gear can achieve a self-locking function, and the cooperation of the ratchet pawl can also achieve a self-locking function.

[0007] When the present invention is used, the caliper body is fixed on the vehicle, the brake pad is rotatably embedded in the caliper mouth, and the hydraulic drive device and the electric drive device are controlled to brake independently or jointly to achieve various braking effects.

[0008] The preferred braking method is as follows:

[0009] During parking brake, only the electric drive device works, pushing the second friction plate close to the first friction plate to clamp the brake disc.

[0010] During service braking, the hydraulic drive and electric drive work together to clamp the brake disc.

[0011] Generally speaking, the maximum thrust of an electric drive is much smaller than that of a hydraulic drive, and the response speed and thrust speed of an electric drive are faster than those of a hydraulic drive. Therefore, the above braking method has the following advantages:

[0012] First, the braking force required for parking brake is relatively small but requires a long duration. The use of a self-locking electric drive device can not only meet the braking force requirements, but also has no energy consumption during the locking period, and can avoid the long-term high-pressure state of the hydraulic pipeline and hydraulic pump.

[0013] Second, the driving brake requires a large braking force and a fast response speed. The hydraulic drive device and the electric drive device work together. The electric drive device takes advantage of its fast response and fast pushing speed in the early stage, quickly pushes the friction plate, and quickly reduces the free gap to zero. After the electric drive device reaches its maximum driving force, it stops working and self-locks. During the operation of the electric drive device, the hydraulic drive device also responds and applies pressure to the friction plate. Since the electric drive device can self-lock, the pressure between the friction plates will continue to increase with the pressure of the hydraulic drive device until it reaches the maximum pressure of the hydraulic drive device. It can be seen that the present invention can quickly reduce the free gap and achieve a fast braking response. At the same time, it can also enable the hydraulic drive device to quickly reach its maximum pressure, with both a large braking force and a fast response speed.

[0014] Third, due to the cooperation of the relatively arranged electric drive device, the free gap is quickly reduced. On this basis, the cross-sectional area of ​​the hydraulic cylinder can be further increased without increasing the power of the hydraulic power source, such as increasing the cross-sectional area of ​​a single cylinder or setting multiple cylinders, so as to obtain a greater braking force. Although increasing the cross-sectional area of ​​the hydraulic cylinder will cause the pushing speed of the hydraulic drive device to decrease, with the cooperation of the electric drive device, the pushing speed of the hydraulic drive device will no longer have a significant impact on the additional response time, and the braking force can be increased without affecting the response speed; if there is no cooperation of the electric drive device, increasing the braking force in this way will significantly increase the additional response time, causing braking sluggishness.

[0015] The present invention is a floating brake device, that is, the caliper body and the caliper frame are slidably arranged. Specifically, the following method can be adopted: at least two guide pillars are arranged on the caliper frame, and the guide pillars are parallel to each other. The caliper body is provided with a guide pillar hole that matches the guide pillar, and the guide pillar can be slidably inserted into the guide pillar hole.

[0016] Furthermore, the first friction plate and the second friction plate are both slidably connected to the caliper body; both ends of the first friction plate and the second friction plate are provided with protrusions, and the caliper body is provided with recesses corresponding to the protrusions; the protrusions can be slidably clamped in the recesses.

[0017] Furthermore, the hydraulic drive device includes a cylinder shell fixed on the clamp frame, at least one piston cavity is provided on the side of the cylinder shell close to the first friction plate, a piston is slidably provided in each piston cavity, and the end of the piston is in contact with the first friction plate; an oil injection hole leading to the piston cavity is provided in the cylinder shell and on the side away from the first friction plate. By injecting hydraulic oil into the oil injection hole, the piston is pushed to move, thereby pushing the first friction plate. Furthermore, in order to improve the sealing performance, an annular groove can be provided on the inner wall of the piston cavity, and a rubber sealing ring is embedded in the groove.

[0018] Furthermore, two mutually connected piston chambers are arranged in parallel in the oil cylinder shell. The double-piston hydraulic drive device has a greater driving force and is more stable when pushing the friction plate.

[0019] Furthermore, the electric drive device includes a guide housing, a slider, a threaded rod, a motor, and a transmission assembly; the guide housing is fixed on the clamp frame, a slider that can slide toward the second friction plate is provided in the guide housing, and one end of the slider is threadedly connected to the threaded rod; the rotational driving force of the motor drives the threaded rod to rotate through the transmission assembly. The rotation of the threaded rod causes the slider to move and push the second friction plate.

[0020] Furthermore, a pair of sliders are arranged in parallel in the guide shell, and each slider is respectively connected to a threaded rod; the transmission assembly is powered by a motor, and drives the two threaded rods to rotate at the same time.

[0021] Further, the transmission assembly includes a first bevel gear, a second bevel gear, a transmission shaft, a worm, a pair of helical gears, and a pair of planetary gear reducers; the first bevel gear is arranged on the output shaft of the motor; the transmission shaft is arranged perpendicular to the output shaft of the motor, and a second bevel gear and a worm are arranged on the transmission shaft, and the second bevel gear is meshed with the first bevel gear; a pair of helical gears are symmetrically meshed on both sides of the worm, the helical gears are connected to the input end of the planetary gear reducer, and the threaded rod is connected to the output end of the planetary gear reducer. The above transmission assembly has a reasonable reduction ratio and a compact structural layout. When working, the rotational driving force of the motor passes through the first bevel gear, the second bevel gear, the transmission shaft, the worm, the helical gear, the planetary gear reducer, and the threaded rod in sequence, and is finally converted into the linear motion of the slider. In the transmission process, the threaded match between the threaded rod and the slider can realize the self-locking function, and the match between the worm and the helical gear can also realize the self-locking function, but because the threaded match between the threaded rod and the slider is closer to the output end, the self-locking function mainly comes from this match, and it also avoids excessive force on the transmission structure between the threaded rod and the motor.

[0022] Furthermore, the planetary gear reducer is disc-shaped as a whole, with its outer gear ring fixedly arranged, the sun gear as the input end, and the planetary carrier as the output end; a recessed area is provided on the side of the helical gear close to the planetary gear reducer, and the planetary gear reducer is accommodated in the recessed area to save space.

[0023] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the oil-electric hybrid brake device provided by the present invention adopts a unique layout form in which a hydraulic drive device and an electric drive device are arranged relatively to each other, adopts an electric drive device with a self-locking function, and further adopts a hydraulic drive device and an electric drive device with multi-point power output. The present invention not only shortens the braking response time, but also improves the braking force, effectively solving the defect that the traditional EPB braking response speed and braking force cannot be taken into account at the same time. At the same time, the present invention has the dual functions of driving brake and parking brake, and has the advantages of good braking stability and less space occupation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 and Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 It is a half-section schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of .

[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the explosion of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure inside the guide shell.

[0029] Figure 7 and Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the transmission component.

[0030] In the figure, the clamp frame 1, the clamp body 2, the jaws 21, the first friction plate 22, the second friction plate 23, the guide column 13, the guide column hole 24, the cylinder shell 111, the piston chamber 112, the piston 113, the oil filling hole 114, the guide shell 121, the slider 122, the threaded rod 123, the motor 124, the transmission assembly 125, the first bevel gear 1251, the second bevel gear 1252, the transmission shaft 1253, the worm 1254, the helical gear 1255, and the planetary gear reducer 1256. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are intended to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and should not be construed as a limitation.

[0032] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present invention should be understood as the usual meanings understood by people with ordinary skills in the field. The "first", "second" and similar words used in the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. "Include" or "comprise" and similar words mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. "Connect" or "connected" and similar words are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] A hybrid brake device, such as Figures 1 to 8 As shown, it includes a caliper frame 1 and a caliper body 2 slidably connected to the caliper frame 1; the caliper body 2 has a jaw 21 that can accommodate a brake disc; friction plates are provided on the caliper body 2 and on both sides of the jaw 21, which are respectively denoted as a first friction plate 22 and a second friction plate 23, and the friction plates on both sides are slidably connected to the caliper body 2; a hydraulic drive device and an electric drive device are also relatively provided on the caliper frame 1 and on both sides of the caliper body 2; the hydraulic drive device can push the first friction plate 22 to move in a direction close to the second friction plate 23, and the electric drive device can push the second friction plate 23 to move in a direction close to the first friction plate 22.

[0035] In this embodiment, the electric drive device has a self-locking function; the pushing speed of the electric drive device is greater than the pushing speed of the hydraulic drive device.

[0036] In this embodiment, two guide posts 13 are provided on the clamp frame 1. The guide posts 13 are parallel to each other. The clamp body 2 is provided with guide post holes 24 that cooperate with the guide posts 13. The guide posts 13 can be slidably inserted into the guide post holes 24.

[0037] In this embodiment, both ends of the first friction plate 22 and the second friction plate 23 are provided with protrusions, and the caliper body 2 is provided with recesses corresponding to the protrusions; the protrusions are slidably clamped in the recesses.

[0038] In this embodiment, the hydraulic drive device includes a cylinder shell 111 fixed on the clamp frame 1, a piston chamber 112 is opened on the side of the cylinder shell 111 close to the first friction plate 22, and two piston chambers 112 connected to each other are arranged in parallel in the cylinder shell 111, a piston 113 is slidably provided in each piston chamber 112, and the end of the piston 113 is in contact with the first friction plate 22; an oil filling hole 114 leading to the piston chamber 112 is opened in the cylinder shell 111 and on the side away from the first friction plate 22.

[0039] In this embodiment, the electric drive device includes a guide shell 121, a slider 122, a threaded rod 123, a motor 124, and a transmission assembly 125; the guide shell 121 is fixed on the clamp frame 1, and a slider 122 that can slide toward the second friction plate 23 is provided in the guide shell 121, and one end of the slider 122 is threadedly connected to the threaded rod 123; the rotational driving force of the motor 124 drives the threaded rod 123 to rotate through the transmission assembly 125.

[0040] In this embodiment, a pair of sliders 122 are arranged in parallel in the guide housing 121 , and each slider 122 is respectively connected to a threaded rod 123 ; the transmission assembly 125 is powered by a motor 124 , and drives the two threaded rods 123 to rotate simultaneously.

[0041] In this embodiment, the transmission assembly 125 includes a first bevel gear 1251, a second bevel gear 1252, a transmission shaft 1253, a worm 1254, a pair of helical gears 1255, and a pair of planetary gear reducers 1256; the first bevel gear 1251 is arranged on the output shaft of the motor 124; the transmission shaft 1253 is arranged perpendicular to the output shaft of the motor 124, and the transmission shaft 1253 is provided with a second bevel gear 1252 and a worm 1254, and the second bevel gear 1252 is meshed with the first bevel gear 1251; a pair of helical gears 1255 are symmetrically meshed on both sides of the worm 1254, and the helical gears 1255 are connected to the input end of the planetary gear reducer 1256, and the threaded rod 123 is connected to the output end of the planetary gear reducer 1256.

[0042] In this embodiment, the planetary gear reducer 1256 is disc-shaped as a whole, with its outer gear ring fixedly arranged, the sun gear as the input end, and the planetary carrier as the output end; a recessed area is provided on the side of the bevel gear 1255 close to the planetary gear reducer 1256, and the planetary gear reducer 1256 is accommodated in the recessed area.

[0043] Obviously, the above embodiments are exemplary and are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the described embodiments, other embodiments that can be obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should also fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hybrid brake device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a clamp frame (1) and a clamp body (2) slidably connected to the clamp frame (1); the clamp body (2) has a jaw (21) capable of accommodating a brake disc; friction plates are respectively provided on the clamp body (2) and located on both sides of the jaw (21), which are respectively referred to as a first friction plate (22) and a second friction plate (23), and at least one side of the friction plates on both sides is slidably connected to the clamp body (2); a hydraulic drive device and an electric drive device are also relatively provided on the clamp frame (1) and located on both sides of the clamp body (2); the hydraulic drive device can push the first friction plate (22) to move in a direction close to the second friction plate (23), and the electric drive device can push the second friction plate (23) to move in a direction close to the first friction plate (22); The electric drive device has a self-locking function; the pushing speed of the electric drive device is greater than the pushing speed of the hydraulic drive device; The hydraulic drive device comprises an oil cylinder shell (111) fixed on a clamp frame (1), at least one piston chamber (112) is provided on a side of the oil cylinder shell (111) close to the first friction plate (22), and a piston (113) is slidably provided in each piston chamber (112); the first friction plate (22) is pushed by the piston (113) moving.

2. The hybrid brake device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamp frame (1) is provided with at least two guide pillars (13), the guide pillars (13) are parallel to each other, the clamp body (2) is provided with a guide pillar hole (24) matched with the guide pillar (13), and the guide pillar (13) can be slidably inserted into the guide pillar hole (24).

3. The hybrid brake device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first friction plate (22) and the second friction plate (23) are both slidably connected to the caliper body (2); both ends of the first friction plate (22) and the second friction plate (23) are provided with raised portions, and the caliper body (2) is provided with recessed portions corresponding to the raised portions; the raised portions are slidably clamped in the recessed portions.

4. The hybrid brake device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the piston (113) is in contact with the first friction plate (22); an oil injection hole (114) leading to the piston chamber (112) is provided in the oil cylinder housing (111) and on a side away from the first friction plate (22).

5. The hybrid brake device according to claim 4, characterized in that: Two mutually communicating piston chambers (112) are arranged in parallel in the oil cylinder shell (111).

6. The hybrid brake device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electric drive device comprises a guide housing (121), a slider (122), a threaded rod (123), a motor (124), and a transmission assembly (125); the guide housing (121) is fixed on the clamp frame (1); a slider (122) is provided in the guide housing (121) and can slide toward the second friction plate (23); one end of the slider (122) is threadedly connected to the threaded rod (123); the rotational driving force of the motor (124) drives the threaded rod (123) to rotate via the transmission assembly (125).

7. The hybrid brake device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A pair of sliders (122) are arranged in parallel in the guide housing (121), and each slider (122) is respectively connected to a threaded rod (123); the transmission assembly (125) is powered by a motor (124) and drives the two threaded rods (123) to rotate simultaneously.

8. The hybrid brake device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The transmission assembly (125) comprises a first bevel gear (1251), a second bevel gear (1252), a transmission shaft (1253), a worm (1254), a pair of helical gears (1255), and a pair of planetary gear reducers (1256); the first bevel gear (1251) is arranged on the output shaft of the motor (124); the transmission shaft (1253) is arranged perpendicular to the output shaft of the motor (124); the transmission shaft (1253) is provided with a second bevel gear (1252) and a worm (1254); the second bevel gear (1252) is meshed with the first bevel gear (1251); a pair of helical gears (1255) are symmetrically meshed on both sides of the worm (1254); the helical gears (1255) are connected to the input end of the planetary gear reducer (1256), and the threaded rod (123) is connected to the output end of the planetary gear reducer (1256).

9. The hybrid brake device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The planetary gear reducer (1256) is disc-shaped as a whole, with an outer gear ring fixedly arranged, a sun gear as an input end, and a planet carrier as an output end; a recessed area is provided on a side of the helical gear (1255) close to the planetary gear reducer (1256), and the planetary gear reducer (1256) is accommodated in the recessed area.

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