A tunnel lining prestressing device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a tunnel lining prestressing device, which belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction, and includes a driving component, a speed changing component, a telescopic component and a fixed component, wherein the driving component includes a first transmission member; the speed changing component includes a second transmission member connected to the first transmission member, and a transmission sleeve fixedly connected to the second transmission member; one end of the telescopic component is connected to the transmission sleeve, and the other end is abutted against the tunnel body; the fixed component is connected to the driving component, the speed changing component and the telescopic component at the same time, and the fixed component is used to connect to the fixed frame. The tunnel lining prestressing device provided by the present invention is mainly used for prestressing of tunnel support system structure, and can apply prestress to the tunnel lining, actively change the surrounding rock load distribution, thereby optimizing the structural stress, reducing bias pressure and bending moment, improving the safety of the tunnel lining structure, and reducing diseases during operation. The present invention has significant effects and is suitable for wide promotion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, and in particular to a tunnel lining prestressing device. Background Art

[0002] The tunnel lining is subjected to the surrounding rock load. Due to the complexity and uncertainty of the surrounding rock load, the stress of the tunnel lining structure is also relatively complex. In addition, the surrounding rock load is usually greater than the horizontal load in the vertical direction, and there is often a bias phenomenon. This complex stress state causes the lining structure to have a large bending moment, which is prone to cracking and water leakage.

[0003] Tunnel lining passively bears the relaxation load and deformation load of the surrounding rock. At present, the main load adjustment methods include variable energy-absorbing structures such as retractable steel arches. They mainly use the surrounding rock convergence constraint theory to reduce the load by increasing deformation, but this adjustment has a large uncertainty and the fine control of the load is not high. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned defects, the technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide a tunnel lining prestressing device to solve the problems of large uncertainty in load adjustment and low refined control of load in existing technologies.

[0005] The present invention provides a tunnel lining prestressing device, comprising:

[0006] A drive assembly includes a first transmission member;

[0007] A speed change assembly, comprising a second transmission member connected to the first transmission member, and a transmission sleeve fixedly connected to the second transmission member;

[0008] A telescopic component, one end of which is connected to the transmission sleeve and the other end of which is in contact with the hole body;

[0009] The fixing assembly is connected to the driving assembly, the speed changing assembly and the telescopic assembly at the same time, and the fixing assembly is used to be connected to a fixing frame.

[0010] Preferably, the fixing assembly comprises:

[0011] A transmission support is connected to the driving assembly and the speed change assembly at the same time. A positioning hole is provided on the transmission support. The telescopic assembly passes through the positioning hole and is slidably connected to the transmission support.

[0012] The connecting plate is connected to the transmission support and the fixing frame at the same time.

[0013] Preferably, the drive assembly further comprises:

[0014] A piston connected to the first transmission member;

[0015] The driving support is connected to the piston and the transmission support at the same time. The driving support is provided with an active cavity and a driven cavity. The piston is arranged between the active cavity and the driven cavity. The first transmission member is located in the driven cavity. The driving support is also provided with an interface connected to the active cavity, and the interface is used to connect to an external device.

[0016] Preferably, the telescopic assembly comprises:

[0017] A transmission rod, one end of which is connected to the transmission sleeve;

[0018] A guide member connected to the other end of the transmission rod and passing through the positioning hole, wherein the shape of the guide member matches the shape of the positioning hole;

[0019] The pressure plate is connected to the guide member and abuts against the hole.

[0020] Preferably, the speed change assembly further comprises a support shaft connected to the transmission support, and one end of the support shaft away from the transmission support is connected to the second transmission member; the transmission sleeve is arranged on a side of the second transmission member away from the support shaft.

[0021] Preferably, a protective shell is provided on a side of the driving support away from the interface, the protective shell is communicated with the driven cavity, and the first transmission member is slidably connected with the protective shell.

[0022] Preferably, a guide hole is provided at one end of the protective shell connected to the driving support, and the first transmission member passes through the guide hole and extends into the protective shell.

[0023] Preferably, the guide member is a prism structure, and the shape of the positioning hole is the same as that of the prism.

[0024] Preferably, the transmission sleeve is connected to the transmission rod via threads.

[0025] Preferably, the first transmission member is a rack, and the second transmission member is a gear meshing with the rack.

[0026] It can be seen from the above scheme that the tunnel lining prestressing device provided by the present invention is mainly used for prestressing of tunnel support system structure, which can apply prestress to tunnel lining, actively change the surrounding rock load distribution, thereby optimizing the structural force, reducing bias and bending moment, improving the safety of tunnel lining structure, and reducing defects during operation; the first transmission member and the second transmission member can not only transmit force, but also the structure of the gear rack meshing with each other has self-locking property, the applied prestress does not need anchoring, the structure is simple, the stability is better, the construction is simple, and the operation is convenient; the transmission sleeve and the transmission rod transmit the load through threaded cooperation, which has an amplifying effect on the load, and only a small hydraulic pressure is needed to achieve a large load, and the work efficiency is higher. The present invention solves the problems of large uncertainty in load adjustment and low fine control of load in the existing technology, has a simple structure, significant effect, and is suitable for wide promotion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a tunnel lining prestressing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a fixing assembly of a tunnel lining prestressing device is shown;

[0030] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a telescopic component of a tunnel lining prestressing device is shown;

[0031] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a speed change assembly of a tunnel lining prestressing device is shown;

[0032] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a tunnel lining prestressing device from a top view is shown;

[0033] Figure 6 For along Figure 5 The cross-sectional structure diagram of the middle BB line;

[0034] Figure 7 For along Figure 5 The cross-sectional structure diagram along the AA line;

[0035] Figure 8 A schematic structural diagram of another tunnel lining prestressing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of another tunnel lining prestressing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 1-9 middle:

[0038] 1. Driving assembly; 2. Speed ​​changing assembly; 3. Telescopic assembly; 4. Fixing assembly; 5. Adjusting assembly; 11. First transmission member; 12. Piston; 13. Driving support; 14. Protective shell; 21. Second transmission member; 22. Transmission sleeve; 23. Support shaft; 31. Transmission rod; 32. Guide member; 33. Pressure plate; 41. Transmission support; 42. Connecting plate; 131. Active cavity; 132. Driven cavity; 133. Interface; 141. Guide hole; 331. Fine-tuning plate; 332. Pre-pressure plate; 333. Connecting rod; 334. Thrust member; 335. Connecting pipe; 411. Positioning hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] Please also read Figures 1 to 9 Now, a specific embodiment of a tunnel lining prestressing device provided by the present invention is described. The tunnel lining prestressing device includes a driving assembly 1, a speed change assembly 2, a telescopic assembly 3 and a fixed assembly 4, wherein the driving assembly 1 includes a first transmission member 11; the speed change assembly 2 includes a second transmission member 21 connected to the first transmission member 11, and a transmission sleeve 22 fixedly connected to the second transmission member 21; one end of the telescopic assembly 3 is connected to the transmission sleeve 22, and the other end is in contact with the cave body; the fixed assembly 4 is connected to the driving assembly 1, the speed change assembly 2 and the telescopic assembly 3 at the same time, and the fixed assembly 4 is used to connect to the fixed frame.

[0042] In this embodiment, the transmission sleeve 22 is connected to the transmission rod 31 of the telescopic component 3 by threads. The transmission sleeve 22 can be a threaded sleeve, and the transmission rod 31 of the telescopic component 3 can be a threaded rod matched with the threaded sleeve. The first transmission member 11 can be a rack, and the second transmission member 21 is a gear meshed with the rack. The driving component 1 is connected to the air pressure, and the air pressure gives the driving component 1 a thrust, which is transmitted to the first transmission member 11, then to the second transmission member 21, and finally to the telescopic component 3 through the transmission sleeve 22 to achieve loading; the loaded reaction force is transmitted to the fixed component 4 through the speed change component 2, and finally transmitted to the steel arch frame, thereby achieving prestressing.

[0043] Compared with the prior art, this type of tunnel lining prestressing device can realize the function of applying prestress to the tunnel lining, thereby improving the stress of the lining structure. After the concrete is poured, the structure can be buried in the concrete or prestress can be applied through the oil pipe. The first transmission member 11 and the second transmission member 21 can not only transmit force, but also the structure of the gear rack meshing with each other has self-locking properties. The applied prestress does not require anchoring, which is convenient to operate and has better stability. The gear rack matching structure has higher transmission accuracy and more precise load adjustment, and it is easy to control the application of load. The transmission sleeve 22 and the transmission rod 31 transmit the load through threaded matching, which has an amplifying effect on the load. Only a small hydraulic pressure is required to achieve a large load, and the work efficiency is higher. The present invention is applied to the prestressing of the tunnel support system structure, actively changes the surrounding rock load distribution, thereby optimizing the structural stress, reducing the bias pressure and bending moment, improving the safety of the tunnel lining structure, and reducing the disease during the operation period.

[0044] Example 2

[0045] As a specific implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, please refer to Figures 1 to 9 The structure of a tunnel lining prestressing device provided in this embodiment is basically the same as that of embodiment 1, except that the fixing component 4 includes a transmission support 41 and a connecting plate 42, wherein the transmission support 41 is connected to the driving component 1 and the speed change component 2 at the same time, a positioning hole 411 is provided on the transmission support 41, and the telescopic component 3 is arranged through the positioning hole 411 and is slidably connected to the transmission support 41; the connecting plate 42 is connected to the transmission support 41 and the fixing frame at the same time. The connecting plate 42 can be an L-shaped bending plate, and the bending plate is used to fix the entire final structure on the fixing frame, i.e., the steel arch frame, and welding can be adopted. The transmission support 41 can be a hollow cylindrical structure, and an opening is provided on the side where the transmission support 41 is connected to the driving support 13.

[0046] In this embodiment, the drive assembly 1 also includes a piston 12 and a drive support 13, wherein the piston 12 is connected to the first transmission member 11; the drive support 13 is connected to the piston 12 and the transmission support 41 at the same time, and an active cavity 131 and a driven cavity 132 are provided on the drive support 13, the piston 12 is arranged between the active cavity 131 and the driven cavity 132, the first transmission member 11 is located in the driven cavity 132, and the drive support 13 is also provided with an interface 133 connected to the active cavity 131, and the interface 133 is used to connect to an external device. The external device can be an air pump or a liquid pump, which is used to change the pressure in the active cavity 131 through the interface 133. This is a prior art and will not be elaborated on here.

[0047] The drive support 13 is connected to the transmission support 41, which is conducive to the connection between the first transmission member 11 in the drive support 13 and the second transmission member 21 in the transmission support 41. The drive support 13 can be a pressurized cylinder or an oil cylinder. The drive support 13 inputs or outputs liquid or gas through the interface 133, thereby changing the pressure in the active cavity 131, thereby pushing the piston 12 to move; the movement of the piston 12 drives the first transmission member 11 to move. There are a plurality of interfaces 133, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the drive support 13. The plurality of interfaces 133 on one side of the drive support 13 are used for the input of liquid or gas, and the plurality of interfaces 133 on the other side are used for the output of liquid or gas.

[0048] In this embodiment, the telescopic assembly 3 includes a transmission rod 31, a guide member 32 and a pressure plate 33, wherein one end of the transmission rod 31 is connected to the transmission sleeve 22; the guide member 32 is connected to the other end of the transmission rod 31 and is provided through the positioning hole 411, and the shape of the guide member 32 is adapted to the shape of the positioning hole 411; the pressure plate 33 is connected to the guide member 32 and abuts against the hole. The guide member 32 is a prism structure, and the shape of the positioning hole 411 is the same as the prism shape. For example, the guide member 32 can be a square pin, and the positioning hole 411 can be a square hole. The positioning hole 411 is engaged with the guide member 32 to limit the rotation of the guide member 32.

[0049] In this embodiment, the speed change assembly 2 further includes a support shaft 23 connected to the transmission support 41, and one end of the support shaft 23 away from the transmission support 41 is connected to the second transmission member 21; the transmission sleeve 22 is arranged on the side of the second transmission member 21 away from the support shaft 23. The bottom of the transmission support 41 is provided with an axial hole for installing the support shaft 23, the support shaft 23 and the transmission support 41 are rotatably connected, the second transmission member 21 is fixedly connected to the support shaft 23, the support shaft 23 supports the second transmission member 21, and transmits the reaction force transmitted from the second transmission member 21 to the transmission support 41.

[0050] In this embodiment, a protective shell 14 for protecting the first transmission member 11 is provided on one side of the driving support 13 away from the interface 133, the protective shell 14 is communicated with the driven cavity 132, and the first transmission member 11 is slidably connected to the protective shell 14. A guide hole 141 is provided at one end of the protective shell 14 connected to the driving support 13, and the first transmission member 11 passes through the guide hole 141 and extends into the protective shell 14.

[0051] For illustration purposes, see Figure 6 , the direction of the interface 133 relative to the piston 12 is rearward, and the direction opposite to the rear is forward; the direction of the pressure plate 33 relative to the guide member 32 is upward, and the direction opposite to the upward is downward. The oil pressure enters from the interface 133, pushing the piston 12 to move forward in the driving support 13, driving the first transmission member 11 to move forward, and the first transmission member 11 will enter the protective shell 14 after moving forward; the first transmission member 11 drives the second transmission member 21 to rotate, and the second transmission member 21 drives the transmission sleeve 22 to rotate together; because the guide member 32 is engaged with the positioning hole 411, the guide member 32 cannot rotate, so the transmission rod 31 is restricted by the guide member 32 and cannot rotate, so the transmission rod 31 will lift upward, thereby driving the pressure plate 33 to lift upward, and when the pressure plate 33 hits the surrounding rock, the displacement is restricted, thereby generating a jacking thrust; the reaction force of the jacking thrust is transmitted downward, and finally transmitted to the support shaft 23, and acts on the fixed component 4. It should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the drive assembly 1, the speed change assembly 2, the telescopic assembly 3 and the fixed assembly 4 and their components must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0052] Example 3

[0053] As a specific implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, please refer to Figures 1 to 9The structure of a tunnel lining prestressing device provided in this embodiment is basically the same as that of Embodiment 2, except that a sliding hole is provided on the guide member 32; a pressure chamber connected to the sliding hole is provided on the transmission rod 31; a through hole connected to the pressure chamber is provided on the second transmission member 21, and the through hole is arranged at the center of the second transmission member 21; and a mounting hole connected to the through hole is provided on the support shaft 23. The pressure plate 33 includes a fine-tuning plate 331, a pre-pressure plate 332, a connecting rod 333, a thrust piece 334 and a connecting pipe 335, wherein the fine-tuning plate 331 abuts against the hole; one end of the pre-pressure plate 332 is connected to the guide piece 32, and the other end abuts against the fine-tuning plate 331, and the pre-pressure plate 332 is provided with a through hole for the connecting rod 333 to pass through; one end of the connecting rod 333 is connected to the fine-tuning plate 331, and the other end passes through the through hole and the sliding hole in sequence and extends into the pressure chamber, and the connecting rod 333 is simultaneously slidably connected to the pre-pressure plate 332, the guide piece 32 and the transmission rod 31; the thrust piece 334 is arranged in the pressure chamber and is simultaneously connected to the connecting rod 333 and the transmission rod 31; one end of the connecting pipe 335 is connected to the pressure chamber, and the other end passes through the through hole, the mounting hole, the driven cavity 132, the piston 12 and the active cavity 131 in sequence and is connected to the interface 133.

[0054] In this embodiment, the support shaft 23 is fixedly connected to the transmission support 41, and the second transmission member 21 is rotatably connected to the support shaft 23. A control valve for controlling the input position of liquid or gas is provided on the interface 133. The interface 133 is connected to an external device, and liquid or gas is input into the active cavity 131 to increase the pressure in the active cavity 131. The movement of the piston 12 drives the first transmission member 11 to move, and is transmitted to the pre-load plate 332 through the speed change assembly 2. The pre-load plate 332 moves upward so that the fine-tuning plate 331 abuts against the hole body; the control valve is adjusted to transmit the liquid or gas input into the interface 133 to the connecting pipe 335, and then to the pressure chamber. The pressure of the part of the pressure chamber connected to the connecting pipe 335 increases, and the thrust member 334 moves upward, and the movement is transmitted to the fine-tuning plate 331 through the connecting rod 333, and the fine-tuning plate 331 is further connected to the hole body. This structure has a better connection effect through secondary compression, and has a higher precision in fine control of the load. Here, as long as the above-mentioned pressure plate 33 and control valve related performance functions can be achieved, they are within the scope of protection of this application document.

[0055] In this embodiment, the driving assembly 1, the speed change assembly 2, the telescopic assembly 3 and the fixed assembly 4 together constitute the adjustment assembly 5. The fixed frame is a support frame arranged along the shape of the cave body. A plurality of adjustment assemblies 5 are linearly arranged on one side of the fixed frame close to the cave body. For example, 13 adjustment assemblies are arranged. The adjustment assemblies 5 located on the same horizontal plane are connected by pipelines to keep the hydraulic pressure of the pipelines in the same section the same. The adjustment assemblies 5 at different positions adjust the load ratio by changing the thread pitch between the transmission sleeve 22 and the transmission rod 31. That is, after the 13 adjustment assemblies 5 are connected in series, the prestress generated by each adjustment assembly 5 can be achieved by changing the thread pitch. A regulating valve is arranged on the pipeline. By controlling the output of the total output device to the liquid or gas in the pipeline on each horizontal plane, the prestress applied to the plurality of adjustment assemblies 5 on the same horizontal plane is controlled; by controlling the regulating valve on the pipeline, the prestress of a single adjustment assembly 5 is controlled and adjusted. This structure is easier to operate and more convenient to adjust.

[0056] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced. The contents not described in detail in the embodiments of the present invention belong to the prior art known to professional and technical personnel in this field.

[0057] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A tunnel lining prestressing device, characterized in that: include: A drive assembly (1) comprising a first transmission member (11); A speed change assembly (2), comprising a second transmission member (21) connected to the first transmission member (11), and a transmission sleeve (22) fixedly connected to the second transmission member (21); A telescopic component (3), one end of which is connected to the transmission sleeve (22) and the other end of which is in contact with the hole; A fixing assembly (4) connected to the driving assembly (1), the speed changing assembly (2) and the telescopic assembly (3) at the same time, and the fixing assembly (4) is used to be connected to a fixing frame; The fixing component (4) comprises: A transmission support (41) is connected to the drive assembly (1) and the speed change assembly (2) at the same time, a positioning hole (411) is provided on the transmission support (41), and the telescopic assembly (3) is arranged through the positioning hole (411) and is slidably connected to the transmission support (41); A connecting plate (42) connected to both the transmission support (41) and the fixing frame; The driving assembly (1) further comprises: A piston (12) connected to the first transmission member (11); a driving support (13) connected to the piston (12) and the transmission support (41); an active cavity (131) and a driven cavity (132) are provided on the driving support (13); the piston (12) is arranged between the active cavity (131) and the driven cavity (132); the first transmission member (11) is located in the driven cavity (132); the driving support (13) is also provided with an interface (133) in communication with the active cavity (131); the interface (133) is used to connect to an external device; The telescopic assembly (3) comprises: A transmission rod (31), one end of which is connected to the transmission sleeve (22); a guide member (32) connected to the other end of the transmission rod (31) and arranged to pass through the positioning hole (411); the shape of the guide member (32) is adapted to the shape of the positioning hole (411); A pressure plate (33) connected to the guide member (32) and in contact with the hole; The speed change assembly (2) further comprises a support shaft (23) connected to the transmission support (41), and one end of the support shaft (23) away from the transmission support (41) is connected to the second transmission member (21); the transmission sleeve (22) is arranged on a side of the second transmission member (21) away from the support shaft (23); a protective shell (14) is provided on a side of the drive support (13) away from the interface (133), the protective shell (14) is communicated with the driven cavity (132), and the first transmission member (11) is slidably connected to the protective shell (14).

2. A tunnel lining prestressing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide hole (141) is provided at one end of the protective shell (14) connected to the driving support (13), and the first transmission member (11) passes through the guide hole (141) and extends into the protective shell (14).

3. A tunnel lining prestressing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The guide member (32) is a prism structure, and the shape of the positioning hole (411) is the same as that of the prism.

4. A tunnel lining prestressing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The transmission sleeve (22) is connected to the transmission rod (31) via threads.

5. A tunnel lining prestressing device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The first transmission member (11) is a rack, and the second transmission member (21) is a gear meshing with the rack.

Images