Method for improving output voltage stability of rectifier regulator when battery is off

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for improving the output voltage stability of a rectifier regulator in a battery-off state, comprising the following steps: 1) starting; 2) obtaining the highest limiting voltage and the lowest limiting voltage of the working rear-end electrical components; 3) detecting the output voltage of the rectifier regulator; 4) judging the working state of the battery-off state; 5) controlling the rectifier regulator to stop output until the output voltage of the rectifier regulator reaches the lowest limiting voltage, and then restoring the output voltage; and repeating steps 2)-3). The invention can effectively improve the stability of the output power supply voltage of the rectifier regulator, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the rear-end electrical components.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of rectifier regulators, and in particular to a method for improving the output voltage stability of a rectifier regulator in a battery failure state. Background Art

[0002] Usually, when the motorcycle is in battery-off mode, the rectifier regulator uses the electric energy generated by the operation of the ACG (magnetic motor) to provide power to the back-end electrical components. However, the rectifier output power voltage of the rectifier regulator has large pulsation. Affected by the ACG output power and the power demand of the back-end electrical appliances, the maximum value of the rectifier regulator output is basically the maximum limit voltage, the minimum value is 0, and the duty cycle of 0 is uncertain, which may reach more than 50%. The true effective value has a large amplitude variation (generally fluctuating in the range of 3~15V), which will cause many adverse effects on the back-end electrical components, mainly manifested in the following aspects:

[0003] 1. It has a great impact on the back-end electrical components, affecting the working stability; it has high performance requirements for the back-end electrical components; for example, the headlights sometimes flicker strongly and sometimes weakly, affecting night vision.

[0004] 2. A large range of power supply voltage variation will affect the consistency of the operation of the back-end electrical components, causing control errors or poor working results; for example: voltage changes affect the accuracy of fuel injection control, and the fuel is insufficient or insufficient.

[0005] 3. The back-end electrical components are subjected to the impact of a large range of power supply changes for a long time, which can easily reduce the life of the electrical components; for example: excessive peak voltage will directly reduce the service life of the lighting. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that in the battery off mode, the output power supply stability of the rectifier regulator is poor, the fluctuation range is large, and the normal operation of the back-end electrical components is affected. A method for improving the output voltage stability of the rectifier regulator in the battery off state is provided, which can effectively improve the stability of the output power supply voltage of the rectifier regulator, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the back-end electrical components.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a method for improving the output voltage stability of a rectifier regulator in a battery-off state, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

[0008] 1) After starting, the rectifier regulator is in the charging output state;

[0009] 2) Detect the back-end electrical components in operation and calculate the maximum limiting voltage and the minimum limiting voltage of the back-end electrical components in operation;

[0010] 3) Detect the output voltage of the rectifier regulator and compare the output voltage with the maximum limit voltage and the minimum limit voltage;

[0011] 4) When the output voltage of the rectifier regulator reaches the maximum limit voltage, it is judged to be in the battery-off working state;

[0012] 5) Control the rectifier regulator to stop output, and at the same time keep the output voltage in a downward trend through the internal capacitor (energy storage) until the output voltage of the rectifier regulator reaches the minimum limit voltage, and then restore the output voltage; repeat steps 2)-3).

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes a maximum voltage detection control loop and a minimum voltage detection control loop;

[0014] The maximum voltage detection control loop includes a comparator, the positive input terminal of the comparator is connected to the set maximum voltage, and the negative input terminal is connected to the output terminal of the rectifier regulator; when the negative input terminal voltage is higher than the positive input terminal voltage, the comparator output terminal voltage flips to low to force the rectifier regulator to stop output.

[0015] Furthermore, the minimum voltage detection control loop includes an MCU and an ADC conversion circuit. The ADC conversion circuit converts the detected voltage into a signal that the MCU can recognize and sends it to the MCU. When the output voltage of the rectifier regulator reaches the minimum limit voltage, the MCU controls the rectifier regulator to recharge and restore the output voltage.

[0016] Furthermore, the output end of the comparator is also connected to the MCU. When the voltage at the output end of the comparator flips to low, the MCU controls the rectifier regulator to stop charging.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: it can achieve small output voltage fluctuation of the rectifier and voltage stabilizer, high stability, and high true effective value; thereby better protecting the rear-end electrical components and avoiding damage caused by voltage instability, which is more beneficial to the working stability of the rear-end electrical components and prolongs the service life of the rear-end electrical components; through the maximum voltage detection control loop and the minimum voltage detection control loop, the maximum output voltage and the minimum output voltage of the rectifier and voltage stabilizer are consistent with the maximum output voltage and the minimum output voltage of the battery, which is more convenient and easy to implement and has a lower cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a circuit principle block diagram of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 It is the highest voltage detection control loop.

[0020] Figure 3 It is the minimum voltage detection control loop. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0022] Example: See Figure 1 , Figure 2 as well as Figure 3 , a method for improving the output voltage stability of a rectifier regulator in a battery-off state, comprising the following steps:

[0023] 1) After startup, the rectifier regulator is in the charging output state.

[0024] 2) Detect the back-end electrical components in operation, and calculate the maximum limiting voltage and the minimum limiting voltage of the back-end electrical components in operation.

[0025] 3) Detect the output voltage of the rectifier regulator and compare the output voltage with the maximum limit voltage and the minimum limit voltage.

[0026] 4) When the output voltage of the rectifier regulator reaches the maximum limit voltage, it is judged to be in the battery off working state.

[0027] 5) Control the rectifier regulator to stop output (i.e. stop charging), and at the same time keep the output voltage in a downward trend through the internal capacitor (energy storage) until the output voltage of the rectifier regulator reaches the minimum limit voltage, and then restore the output voltage; repeat steps 2)-3).

[0028] During specific implementation, it also includes a maximum voltage detection control loop and a minimum voltage detection control loop.

[0029] The maximum voltage detection control loop includes a comparator, the positive input terminal of the comparator is connected to the maximum voltage setting, and the negative input terminal is connected to the output terminal of the rectifier regulator; when the negative input terminal voltage is higher than the positive input terminal voltage, the comparator output terminal voltage flips to low, so as to force the rectifier regulator to stop output. The minimum voltage detection control loop includes an MCU and an ADC conversion circuit, and the output terminal of the comparator is also connected to the MCU. When the comparator output terminal voltage flips to low, the MCU controls the rectifier regulator to stop charging. The ADC conversion circuit converts the detected voltage into a signal that the MCU can recognize and sends it to the MCU. When the output voltage of the rectifier regulator reaches the minimum limit voltage, the MCU controls the rectifier regulator to recharge and restore the output voltage.

[0030] When in use, set the maximum and minimum limit voltage values ​​according to the external ACG input power and the heat dissipation of the rectifier regulator itself, adjust the output voltage of the rectifier regulator to a reasonable range, and improve the output voltage stability of the rectifier regulator when the battery is off.

[0031] As an implementation method, the maximum voltage detection control loop is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, it includes transistors Q1, Q2, comparator U1A, capacitors C1 and C2; the base of the transistor Q1 is connected to the internal power supply (+5V) of the rectifier regulator through resistor R1, wherein, when the magnetic motor rotates, the rectifier circuit of the rectifier regulator immediately establishes the internal power supply; the collector of the transistor Q1 is connected to the base of the transistor Q2 through resistor R2, and the emitter is grounded. The collector of the transistor Q2 is connected to the output voltage (BATT) of the rectifier regulator, and its emitter is grounded through voltage-dividing resistors R3 and R4, wherein the emitter of the transistor Q2 is connected to a negative terminal (pin 6) of the comparator U1A through voltage-dividing resistor R3, and is connected to the other negative terminal (pin 4) of the comparator U1A through voltage-dividing resistors R3 and R4. The internal power supply (+5V) of the rectifier regulator is directly connected to one positive terminal (pin 8) of the comparator U1A, connected to the other positive terminal (pin 5) of the comparator U1A through the voltage divider resistor R5, and grounded through the voltage divider resistors R5 and R6; the capacitor C1 is connected in parallel with the resistor R6. The output end of the comparator U1A is connected to the high voltage input terminal (in_Hi) of the MCU through the resistor R7; at the same time, the output end of the comparator U1A is also grounded through the capacitor C2. The U, V, and W phases of the magnetic motor are charged by the rectifier regulator after passing through the rectifier regulator and the charging circuit.

[0032] The rectifier circuit of the rectifier regulator immediately establishes an internal power supply of +5V, and turns on Q1 (NPN type, emitter grounded) through R1, and turns on Q2 (PNP type) whose emitter is connected to the output end of the rectifier regulator through resistor R2 connected to the collector of Q1. After Q2 is turned on, BATT is passed to the voltage-dividing resistors R3 and R4 connected to the collector, and the divided voltage is directly connected to the negative input of U1A; R5 and R6 divide the +5V power supply and set it to the maximum limit voltage, which is connected to the positive input of U1A. The function of C1 is to prevent interference.

[0033] When BATT is higher than the maximum limit voltage, the voltage at the negative input of U1A is higher than the positive input, and its output is pulled down. C2 is connected between the output of U1A and the ground. The function of C2 is to prevent interference and stabilize the output state of U1A. At this time:

[0034] A) R7 transmits this information to MCU, and MCU controls the rectifier regulator to stop charging;

[0035] B) Use D9, D10, and D11 to force the rectifier regulator to stop charging;

[0036] Therefore, the above effectively limits the maximum voltage.

[0037] The minimum voltage detection control circuit is as follows Figure 3As shown, it includes transistors Q1, Q2, and capacitor C3; the base of the transistor Q1 is connected to the internal power supply (+5V) of the rectifier regulator through resistor R1, wherein, when the magnetic motor rotates, the rectifier circuit of the rectifier regulator immediately establishes the internal power supply; the collector of the transistor Q1 is connected to the base of the transistor Q2 through resistor R2, and the emitter is grounded. The collector of the transistor Q2 is connected to the output voltage (BATT) of the rectifier regulator, and its emitter is grounded after voltage-dividing resistors R8 and R10; at the same time, the emitter of the transistor Q2 is connected to the ADC terminal of the MCU through resistors R8 and R9. The capacitor C3 is connected in parallel with the resistor R10.

[0038] The magnetic motor rotates, and transmits BATT to the voltage-dividing resistors R8 and R10 connected to the collector of Q2 through R1, Q1, R2, and Q2. The divided voltage is transmitted to the ADC input port of the MCU through R9. The MCU constantly detects the BATT voltage value, and C17 keeps the divided voltage value stable.

[0039] A) When the MCU detects that BATT is lower than the minimum limit voltage, it immediately resumes charging the rectifier regulator;

[0040] B) Additional Note: BATT is lower than the minimum limit voltage, the U1A output pin is high, and the hardware behaves as a charging function;

[0041] Therefore, the above effectively limits the minimum voltage.

[0042] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit the technical solution. Those skilled in the art should understand that those modifications or equivalent substitutions of the technical solution of the present invention that do not depart from the purpose and scope of the technical solution should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for improving the output voltage stability of a rectifier regulator when the battery is off, characterized in that: The steps include: 1) After starting, the rectifier regulator is in the charging output state; 2) Detect the back-end electrical components in operation and calculate the maximum limiting voltage and the minimum limiting voltage of the back-end electrical components in operation; 3) Detect the output voltage of the rectifier regulator and compare the output voltage with the maximum limit voltage and the minimum limit voltage; 4) When the output voltage of the rectifier regulator reaches the maximum limit voltage, it is judged to be in the battery-off working state; 5) Control the rectifier regulator to stop output, and keep the output voltage in a downward trend through the internal capacitor until the output voltage of the rectifier regulator reaches the minimum limit voltage, and then restore the output voltage; repeat steps 2)-3); It also includes a maximum voltage detection control loop and a minimum voltage detection control loop; the maximum voltage detection control loop includes transistors Q1, Q2, a comparator U1A, capacitors C1 and C2; the minimum voltage detection control loop includes an MCU and an ADC conversion circuit; The positive input terminal of the comparator U1A is connected to the highest voltage, and the negative input terminal is connected to the output terminal of the rectifier regulator; when the negative input terminal voltage is higher than the positive input terminal voltage, the comparator output terminal voltage flips to low to force the rectifier regulator to stop output; wherein the base of the transistor Q1 is connected to the internal power supply of the rectifier regulator through the resistor R1; the collector of the transistor Q1 is connected to the base of the transistor Q2 through the resistor R2, and the emitter is grounded; the collector of the transistor Q2 is connected to the output voltage of the rectifier regulator, and its emitter is grounded after passing through the voltage-dividing resistors R3 and R4, wherein the emitter of the transistor Q2 is connected to the output voltage of the rectifier regulator after passing through the voltage-dividing resistor R3. A negative end of the comparator U1A is connected, and is connected to the other negative end of the comparator U1A after passing through the voltage-dividing resistors R3 and R4; the internal power supply of the rectifier regulator is directly connected to a positive end of the comparator U1A, and is connected to the other positive end of the comparator U1A after passing through the voltage-dividing resistor R5, and is grounded after passing through the voltage-dividing resistors R5 and R6; the capacitor C1 is connected in parallel with the resistor R6; the output end of the comparator U1A is connected to the high voltage input terminal of the MCU after passing through the resistor R7, and when the output end voltage of the comparator U1A flips to low, the MCU controls the rectifier regulator to stop charging; at the same time, the output end of the comparator U1A is also grounded after passing through the capacitor C2; The ADC conversion circuit converts the detected voltage into a signal that can be recognized by the MCU and sends it to the MCU. When the output voltage of the rectifier regulator reaches the minimum limit voltage, the MCU controls the rectifier regulator to recharge and restore the output voltage; wherein, the minimum voltage detection control loop includes transistors Q1, Q2, and capacitor C3; the base of the transistor Q1 is connected to the internal power supply of the rectifier regulator through resistor R1, the collector of the transistor Q1 is connected to the base of the transistor Q2 through resistor R2, and the emitter is grounded; the collector of the transistor Q2 is connected to the output voltage of the rectifier regulator, and its emitter is grounded after passing through voltage-dividing resistors R8 and R10; at the same time, the emitter of the transistor Q2 is connected to the ADC terminal of the MCU through resistors R8 and R9; the capacitor C3 is connected in parallel with the resistor R10.

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