Attachment device for fluid dispensing assembly

Abstract

The present invention provides an attachment device for releasably coupling to a fluid dispensing device. The attachment device comprises a hollow body comprising a collar portion and a barrel portion extending from the collar portion. The barrel portion has an end portion having a closed end and at least one lateral opening. At least one rib is positioned longitudinally along the outer surface of the barrel, the at least one rib branching upwardly into two rib branches. When coupled to the fluid dispensing device, the assembly can be used to obtain a fluid sample. Thereafter, the assembly can be used to dispense the fluid sample into an assay vessel, whereupon the fluid sample can be assayed. Methods for operating the attachment device and assemblies comprising the attachment device are also provided.

Description

[0001] Related applications

[0002] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62 / 825,359, filed on March 28, 2019; the entire contents of patent application 62 / 825,359 are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present disclosure relates generally to fluid dispensing assemblies, and more particularly to attachment devices for operating fluid dispensing assemblies. Background Art

[0004] The following paragraphs are provided as background to the present disclosure. However, they do not admit that anything discussed herein is prior art or part of the knowledge of a person skilled in the art.

[0005] There are many situations where fluid analysis is desirable. For example, water may contain chemicals that must be monitored and maintained within certain tolerances to ensure a safe supply of drinking water for domestic use. Various techniques are known in the art for collecting fluid samples and analyzing the chemicals therein for the purpose of testing water and other fluids.

[0006] A class of assays for detecting chemical substances in fluids involves the initial collection of a fluid sample in a fluid distribution assembly, and subsequently dispensing fluid from a device into an assay vessel containing one or more assay reagents. In the practice of such assays, it is often preferred that the assay vessel remain closed to the surrounding environment to avoid the introduction of contaminants, or to prevent the assay reagent from contacting the environment or people when such reagent is harmful. Therefore, over time, sealed assay vessels containing a penetrable barrier or diaphragm (e.g., foil or film) have been developed. These sealed assay vessels are typically operated in conjunction with a fluid distribution assembly that allows penetration of the barrier and subsequently dispenses fluid into the assay vessel. In some cases, the fluid distribution assembly may include a disposable end portion that may be referred to as a tip, to contain and dispense a fluid sample. However, there are several challenges associated with tips known in the prior art. For example, when fluid is released into a vessel, dispensing fluid in a sealed assay vessel may increase undesirable pressure in the assay vessel, which may compromise distribution accuracy. Furthermore, when the tip penetrates a seal with a barrier material or with reagent material present in the assay vessel, the opening of the tip may become blocked, particularly when such reagent material is in particulate or crystalline form, thereby negatively impacting the dispensing of the fluid sample into the assay vessel.

[0007] Therefore, although a variety of techniques are available for detecting chemicals in fluids, known techniques are not effective.There is a continuing need in the art for improved methods of detecting chemicals in fluids, and in particular for improved fluid dispensing assemblies, particularly tips for fluid dispensing assemblies. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The following paragraphs are intended to introduce the reader to the more detailed description that follows, but are not intended to define or restrict the claimed subject matter of the present disclosure.

[0009] In one broad aspect, the present disclosure relates to a fluid dispensing device.

[0010] Thus, in one aspect, in accordance with the teachings herein, in at least one embodiment, the present disclosure provides an attachment device for releasably coupling to a fluid dispensing device, the attachment device comprising:

[0011] A hollow body having: a proximal collar portion with an opening at a proximal end thereof for releasably coupling an attachment device to a fluid dispensing device, the collar portion surrounding the proximal opening and extending downwardly from the proximal opening; and a barrel portion tapering longitudinally downwardly from the collar portion toward the distal end portion, the end portion having a closed end and at least one lateral opening arranged above the closed end, the at least one lateral opening allowing fluid to be drawn into the hollow body and dispensed from the hollow body, and the hollow body further having an outer surface with at least one rib extending longitudinally along the outer surface of the barrel portion and branching upwardly at a branch point into at least two rib branches to form a channel between the at least two rib branches.

[0012] In at least one embodiment, the branch point can be positioned on the outer surface of the barrel portion at a location such that when the attachment device is inserted into the assay vessel, the branch point is not submerged in fluid present in the assay vessel.

[0013] In at least one embodiment, the attachment means may include an additional rib extending longitudinally along the outer surface of the barrel portion, wherein at least one additional rib branches upwardly into at least two rib branches to form a channel between the rib branches.

[0014] In at least one embodiment, the attachment means may include additional ribs extending longitudinally along the outer surface of the barrel portion, each of the ribs branching upwardly into at least two rib branches to form a channel between the additional rib branches.

[0015] In at least one embodiment, the attachment means may include at least three additional ribs extending longitudinally along the outer surface of the barrel portion, the ribs further forming at least four additional channels therebetween.

[0016] In at least one embodiment, the attachment device may include three additional ribs extending longitudinally along the outer surface of the barrel, wherein one of the additional ribs branches upward into two rib branches to form two channels between the rib branches, and two of the additional ribs are unbranched, and the four ribs further form four additional channels between the ribs.

[0017] In at least one embodiment, two unbranched ribs may be positioned on first opposing sides of the barrel, and two branched ribs may be positioned on second opposing sides of the barrel.

[0018] In at least one embodiment, the attachment device includes additional ribs extending longitudinally along the outer surface of the barrel, wherein all additional ribs branch upward into two rib branches to form two channels between the rib branches, and the additional ribs further form multiple additional channels between the additional ribs.

[0019] In at least one embodiment, the ribs can be equally spaced apart in the radial direction.

[0020] In at least one embodiment, the one or more ribs can extend upwardly above the end portion from a first point on the outer surface of the barrel portion to a second point on the outer surface of the collar portion.

[0021] In at least one embodiment, one or more ribs may include a flared portion that, during use, prevents further entry of the attachment device into the assay vessel when contact is made between the flared portion and a barrier of an assay vessel covered by the barrier.

[0022] In at least one embodiment, the radially outwardly flared portion can be located on at least one branch of at least one rib.

[0023] In at least one embodiment, the end portion of the attachment device may include at least two lateral openings.

[0024] In at least one embodiment, the end portion of the attachment device may include two lateral openings positioned at opposite sides of the barrel.

[0025] In at least one embodiment, the outer surface of the closed end portion can represent a portion of the circumference of an imaginary sphere having a diameter of approximately 3 mm or less.

[0026] In at least one embodiment, the outer surface of the closed end portion can represent a portion of the circumference of an imaginary sphere having a diameter of about 1.5 mm to about 3 mm.

[0027] In at least one embodiment, the closed end portion can be sharp enough to penetrate a barrier, and not sharp enough to rupture a person's skin upon accidental contact between the sharp distal end portion and the person's skin.

[0028] In at least one embodiment, the attachment means may be made by injection molding or 3D printing.

[0029] In at least one embodiment, the attachment means may be comprised of a single material.

[0030] In at least one embodiment, the attachment means may be comprised of a composite material.

[0031] In at least one embodiment, the material comprises a plastic material.

[0032] In at least one embodiment, the plastic material may be polypropylene, polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, or polycarbonate material.

[0033] In another aspect, in at least one embodiment, the present disclosure provides a method of assembling a fluid dispensing assembly, the method comprising:

[0034] obtaining a fluid dispensing device;

[0035] An attachment device for releasably attaching to a fluid dispensing device is obtained, the attachment device comprising:

[0036] a hollow body having: a proximal collar portion with an opening at a proximal end thereof for releasably coupling an attachment device to a fluid dispensing device, the collar portion surrounding the proximal opening and extending downwardly from the proximal opening; and a barrel portion tapering longitudinally downwardly from the collar portion toward a closed distal end portion, the closed distal end portion having a closed end and at least one lateral opening above the closed end, the hollow body further having an outer surface with at least one rib extending longitudinally along the outer surface of the barrel and branching upwardly at a branch point into at least two rib branches to form a channel between the at least two rib branches; and

[0037] Insert the lower portion of the fluid dispensing device into the collar portion of the attachment device.

[0038] In at least one embodiment, the dispensing device and the attachment device can be sealably frictionally coupled by applying sufficient force in a generally longitudinal direction between an inner surface of the collar portion and an outer surface of the lower portion of the fluid dispensing device.

[0039] In at least one embodiment, the dispensing device and the attachment device can be sealingly coupled together using a coupling that requires a rotational motion to establish the coupling.

[0040] In at least one embodiment, the outer surface of the lower portion of the dispensing device may include threads, and the inner surface of the upper portion of the attachment device includes grooves sized to receive the threads, and the method includes rotating the attachment device relative to the dispensing device to obtain a threaded coupling therebetween.

[0041] In at least one embodiment, the coupling can be a Luer lock coupling.

[0042] In another aspect, in at least one embodiment, the present disclosure provides a method for detecting a fluid parameter in a fluid sample, the method comprising:

[0043] A fluid dispensing assembly is obtained, comprising a fluid dispensing device, the fluid dispensing device being releasably attached to an attachment device, the attachment device comprising a hollow body having: a proximal collar portion with an opening at a proximal end thereof for releasably coupling the attachment device to the fluid dispensing device, the collar portion surrounding the proximal opening and extending downwardly from the proximal opening; and a barrel portion tapering longitudinally downwardly from the collar portion toward a distal end portion, the distal end portion having a closed end and at least one lateral opening above the closed end portion, the hollow body further having an outer surface with at least one rib, the at least one rib extending longitudinally along the outer surface of the barrel and branching upwardly at a branch point into at least two rib branches to form a channel between the at least two rib branches;

[0044] aspirating a fluid containing a fluid parameter from a fluid source into the hollow body of the attachment device through the at least one lateral opening, thereby obtaining a sample of the fluid contained in the attachment device;

[0045] moving the closed, sharpened distal end portion of the attachment device with sufficient force to penetrate a barrier covering an assay vessel, thereby fluidly connecting the hollow body of the attachment device and an interior of the assay vessel, the assay vessel containing one or more reagents for detecting a fluid parameter; and

[0046] The fluid sample is dispensed from the attachment device into the assay vessel to allow for detection of a fluid parameter.

[0047] In at least one embodiment, the assay vessel may be an assay vessel for voltammetric detection of a fluid parameter.

[0048] On the other hand, in at least one embodiment, the present disclosure provides a fluid distribution assembly, which includes a fluid distribution device having a fluid reservoir, the fluid distribution device being releasably attached to an attachment device, the attachment device including a hollow body having: a proximal collar portion having an opening at a proximal end thereof for releasably connecting the attachment device to the fluid distribution device, the collar portion surrounding the proximal opening and extending downward from the proximal opening; and a barrel portion that tapers longitudinally downward from the collar portion toward a distal end portion, the distal end portion having a closed distal end and at least one lateral opening above the closed end, and the hollow body further having an outer surface with a rib that extends longitudinally along the outer surface of the barrel and branches upward at a branch point into two rib branches to form a channel between the rib branches.

[0049] In another aspect, in at least one embodiment, the present disclosure provides an assembly for detecting a fluid parameter in a fluid sample, the assembly comprising:

[0050] a fluid dispensing device having a fluid reservoir, the fluid dispensing device being releasably attached to an attachment device, the attachment device comprising a hollow body having a proximal collar portion at an upper end, the collar portion having an opening at its proximal end for releasably coupling the attachment device to the fluid dispensing device, the collar portion surrounding the proximal opening and extending downwardly from the proximal opening, and a barrel portion tapering longitudinally downwardly from the collar portion toward a distal end portion having a closed end and at least one lateral opening disposed above the closed end, the hollow body further having an outer surface with a rib extending longitudinally along the outer surface of the barrel and bifurcating upwardly at a branch point into two rib branches to form a channel between the rib branches; and

[0051] An assay vessel capable of receiving the lower end portion of the attachment device.

[0052] In at least one embodiment, the assay vessel may be a closed assay vessel comprising a barrier made of a material that is penetrable by the closed end of the distal end portion of the attachment device.

[0053] In another aspect, in at least one embodiment, the present disclosure provides a use of an attachment device for aspirating fluid, wherein the use comprises:

[0054] The attachment device is releasably coupled to the fluid dispensing device, the attachment device comprising a hollow body having: a proximal collar portion with an opening at a proximal end thereof for releasably coupling the attachment device to the fluid dispensing device, the collar portion surrounding the proximal opening and extending downwardly from the proximal opening; and a barrel portion tapering longitudinally downwardly from the collar portion toward a distal end portion having a closed end and at least one lateral opening, the hollow body further having an outer surface with a rib extending longitudinally along the outer surface of the barrel portion and bifurcating upwardly at a branch point into two rib branches to form a channel between the rib branches; and

[0055] Fluid is drawn through the attachment device into the fluid dispensing device through the at least one side opening.

[0056] From the following detailed description, other features and advantages of the present disclosure will become apparent. However, it should be understood that the detailed description, although indicating the preferred embodiments of the present disclosure, is given by way of illustration only, as various changes and modifications within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0057] The present disclosure is described in the following paragraphs by way of example with respect to the accompanying drawings. The drawings provided herein are provided to provide a better understanding of the exemplary embodiments and to more clearly show how the various embodiments can be implemented and put into effect. Throughout the several views, which may be shown in different positions or from different angles, like numbers refer to like or similar features. Therefore, by way of example only, Figure 2B 、 Figures 3A-3D and Figures 4A-4D The portion 250 in FIG refers to the fluid distribution assembly in each of these figures. These figures are not intended to limit the present disclosure.

[0058] Figure 1A is a perspective view of an example embodiment of an attachment device.

[0059] Figure 1B yes Figure 1A A compressed view of the embodiment shown in FIG. Figures 1C-1F The planes of the image.

[0060] Figure 1C It is from Figure 1B A side view of the attachment device taken from the vantage point of plane 1C in FIG.

[0061] Figure 1D It is from Figure 1B Front view of the attachment device taken from the vantage point of plane 1D in FIG.

[0062] Figure 1E It is from Figure 1B A top view of the attachment device taken from the vantage point of plane 1E in FIG.

[0063] Figure 1F It is from Figure 1B Bottom view of the attachment device taken from the vantage point of plane 1F in FIG.

[0064] Figure 1G yes Figure 1C Magnified side view of the region marked 1G in FIG.

[0065] Figure 1H It is along Figure 1D A vertical cross-sectional view of the attachment device in the plane marked by 1H.

[0066] Figure 1I It is along Figure 1C A horizontal cross section through the plane marked by 1I.

[0067] Figure 2A is a side view of an attachment device and a fluid collection device showing the attachment device detached from the fluid collection device.

[0068] Figure 2B is a side view of an attachment device and a fluid collection device showing the attachment device attached to the fluid collection device.

[0069] Figure 3A is a side view of a fluid dispensing assembly including an embodiment of an attachment device and a fluid sample in a first state.

[0070] Figure 3B is a side view of a fluid dispensing assembly including an embodiment of an attachment device and a fluid sample in a second state.

[0071] Figure 3C is a side view of a fluid dispensing assembly including an embodiment of an attachment device and a fluid sample in a third state.

[0072] Figure 3D is a side view of a fluid dispensing assembly including an embodiment of an attachment device and a fluid sample in a fourth state.

[0073] Figure 4A is a side view of a fluid dispensing assembly including an embodiment of an attachment device and an assay vessel in a first state.

[0074] Figure 4B is a side view of a fluid dispensing assembly including an embodiment of an attachment device and an assay vessel in a second state.

[0075] Figure 4Cis a side view of a fluid dispensing assembly including an embodiment of an attachment device and an assay vessel in a third state.

[0076] Figure 4D is a side view of a fluid dispensing assembly including an embodiment of an attachment device and an assay vessel in a fourth state.

[0077] Figure 5 is a flow chart showing an example embodiment of a method of operating a fluid dispensing assembly for detecting a fluid parameter.

[0078] The drawings, together with the following detailed description, make clear to those skilled in the art how to implement the present disclosure in practice. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0079] Various processes, systems and compositions will be described below to provide at least one example of at least one embodiment of the claimed subject matter. The embodiments described below do not limit any claimed subject matter, and any claimed subject matter may cover a process, system or composition that is different from the process, system or composition described below. The claimed subject matter is not limited to any process, system or composition with all the features of the process, system or composition described below, nor is it limited to the common features of multiple processes, systems, compositions or multiple compositions described below. The process, system or composition described below may not be an embodiment of any claimed subject matter. Any subject matter disclosed in the process, system or composition described below that is not claimed in this document may be the subject matter of another protective instrument, for example, a continuing patent application, and the applicant, inventor or owner does not intend to abandon, deny or dedicate any such subject matter to the public through its disclosure in this document.

[0080] As used herein and in the claims, singular forms such as "a," "an," and "the" include plural references, and vice versa, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Throughout the specification, unless otherwise indicated, the terms "comprise," "include," and "contain" are used inclusively rather than exclusively, such that a recited integer or group of integers may include one or more other integers or groups of integers not recited. The term "or" is inclusive unless modified by, for example, "either." The term "and / or" is intended to represent an inclusive or. That is, for example, "X and / or Y" is intended to mean X or Y or both X and Y. As a further example, X, Y, and / or Z are intended to mean X or Y or Z or any combination thereof.

[0081] When range is used for geometric dimensions, physical properties (such as molecular weight) or chemical properties (such as chemical formula) in this article, all combinations and subcombinations of ranges and specific embodiments thereof are intended to be included. Except in the operating examples, or in the place indicated otherwise, all numerals indicating the amount of components or reaction conditions used herein should be understood to be modified by the term "approximately" in all cases. When referring to a number or numerical range, the term "approximately" means that the number or numerical range mentioned is an approximate value within the experimental variability (or within the statistical experimental error), and therefore the number or numerical range can change between 1% and 15% of the number or numerical range, which will be easily recognized by the context. In addition, the range of any value described herein is intended to specifically include the limit value of the range, and any intermediate value or subrange within a given range, and all such intermediate values ​​and subranges are individually and specifically disclosed (for example, the range of 1 to 5 includes 1, 1.5, 2, 2.75, 3, 3.90, 4, and 5). Similarly, terms of other degrees, such as "substantially" and "approximately" used herein mean the reasonable deviation amount of the modified term so that the final result will not change significantly. These terms of degree should be construed to include a deviation of the modified term, such as, for example, up to 15%, if such deviation would not negate the meaning of the modified term.

[0082] For convenience, including reference to the accompanying drawings, several directional terms are used herein, such as "above," "below," "lower," "upper," "inner," and "outer." Generally, the terms "upper," "above," "upward," and similar terms are used to refer to an upward direction or upper portion relative to an attachment device that is generally held upright, such as, for example, Figure 1A Similarly, the terms "lower," "below," "downward," and "bottom" are used to refer to a downward direction or lower portion relative to an attachment device that is held generally upright, such as when attached to a fluid dispensing device, for example, such as shown in the orientation shown in FIG1 . The terms "inner" and "inwardly" are used herein to refer to directions that are more radially centered relative to the generally central longitudinal axis of a component, while the terms "outer" and "outwardly" refer to directions that are more radially outward relative to the generally central longitudinal axis of a component.

[0083] Unless otherwise defined, scientific and technical terms used in connection with the formulations described herein shall have the meanings commonly understood by those skilled in the art. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the presently claimed subject matter, which is defined solely by the claims.

[0084] All publications, patents, and patent applications mentioned herein are incorporated by reference in their entirety to the same extent as if each individual publication, patent, or patent application was specifically indicated to be incorporated by reference in its entirety.

[0085] Generally speaking, the attachment device of the present disclosure can be used to releasably attach to a fluid dispensing device. When attached to the fluid dispensing device, the attachment device can be used to obtain a fluid sample from a source fluid and contain the sample therein. Subsequently, the fluid sample can be dispensed from the attachment device at a later time.

[0086] Broadly speaking, the attachment device comprises a hollow body into which a fluid can be received by drawing the fluid through a lateral opening in the hollow body. The hollow body includes a closed, sharpened distal end portion and further includes ribs configured to form longitudinally extending channels on the outer surface of the hollow body. The attachment device is particularly suitable for transferring fluid samples into enclosed assay vessels having a penetrable barrier.

[0087] The challenge of many known devices for penetrating closed test vessels is that it may be difficult to release the fluid sample from the device into the test vessel because releasing the fluid sample from the device can cause the pressure in the test vessel to increase. It may be difficult to overcome the resistance provided by this increased pressure, and in addition, when the fluid sample is introduced into the test vessel, the fluid and / or fluid sample and / or assay reagent fluid may escape from the test vessel, for example in the form of a sprayed fluid, thereby affecting the volume of the fluid sample dispensed and potentially having a negative impact on the test result. In addition, people's skin and the sprayed liquid may come into contact, which may be harmful depending on the difference in fluid. By comparison, at least one embodiment of the current attachment device can limit the increase in the pressure in the test vessel when dispensing fluid in the test vessel. This allows fluid to be accurately and safely dispensed into the test vessel from the attachment device.

[0088] The attachment device of the present disclosure can also be used to penetrate a barrier covering a closed assay vessel. Another challenge with many known devices for delivering fluid samples to closed assay vessels is that, when the device penetrates into the closed assay vessel, the opening of the device can become blocked by the barrier material used to seal the assay vessel or by crystals or particulate reagents present in the assay vessel. The closed opening of the attachment device then hinders the performance of the assay because it can be difficult to release the fluid sample from the device. In contrast, accidental blockage of the opening of at least one embodiment of the attachment device of the present disclosure can be limited.

[0089] In addition, the attachment device of the present disclosure can be used to obtain a sample of a source fluid at the source fluid site, such as where one desires to test water quality and then dispense the fluid sample later. This allows for rapid analysis of the fluid sample and avoids having to store and transport the fluid sample.

[0090] Hereinafter, selected example embodiments will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0091] In general, Figures 1A-1I Several views of an exemplary embodiment of the attachment device 100 are shown. Figures 2A-2B Several views of an example embodiment of a method of operating to engage the attachment device 100 with the fluid collection device 200 are shown. Figures 3A-3D An example operational embodiment of the attachment device 100 operating in conjunction with a fluid collection device 200 and a source fluid 300 is shown. Figures 4A-4D An example operational embodiment of the attachment device 100 operating in conjunction with a fluid collection device 200 and an assay vessel 400 is shown. Figure 5 A flow chart illustrating an example method of operating the attachment device 100 and the fluid collection device 200 together is shown.

[0092] Initial reference Figures 1A-1I , which shows an example embodiment of an attachment device 100 for releasably coupling to a fluid dispensing device or a fluid collection device (neither of which is shown). Note that the terms "fluid dispensing device" and "fluid dispensing assembly," as well as "fluid collection device" and "fluid collection assembly," may be used herein to refer to the same fluid handling device. It should be understood that in some cases, as is generally clear from the context, the device / assembly may be empty and may be used to collect fluid and, therefore, may be referred to as a fluid collection device / assembly, and in other cases, the device / assembly may contain fluid and may be used to dispense fluid and, therefore, may be referred to as a fluid dispensing device / assembly.

[0093] The attachment device 100 includes a hollow body 101 including a proximal collar portion 104 and a distal barrel portion 106. An inwardly tapered distal end portion 120 of the collar portion 104, disposed at the distal end of the collar portion 104, extends to the collar portion 104 and the barrel portion 106. The barrel portion 106 extends downwardly from the collar portion 104, which can be seen by referring specifically to Figure 1A 、 Figure 1C and Figure 1D The collar portion 104 and the barrel portion 106 together surround and define a longitudinally extending hollow interior 102 that acts as a fluid conduit during the collection or release of the sample fluid. The collar portion 104 includes a proximal opening 114 defined by a ring portion 112 of the collar portion 104 for receiving a fluid dispensing device and releasably coupling the attachment device 100 to the fluid dispensing device (as described below). Figures 2A-2B). The downwardly tapered wall 117 of the collar portion 104 facilitates slidable frictional coupling of the fluid dispensing device and the collar portion 104. Additionally, the ring portion 112 of the collar portion 104 includes coupling portions 112a and 112b that can mate with corresponding coupling portions of a thread, such as included in a syringe known in the art as a Luer lock syringe (ISO #594), to enable receipt and coupling of the attachment device 100 with the fluid dispensing device.

[0094] The barrel portion 106 tapers downwardly from the distal end of the collar portion 104 to distally form an end portion 119 including a closed distal end 118 (see, e.g., FIG. Figure 1C and 1D ), the distal end being sufficiently sharp to penetrate the penetrable barrier of the assay vessel, as hereinafter referenced Figures 4A-4D As further described, the outer distal surface 118a of the closed distal end 118 represents a portion of the circumference of an imaginary sphere c having a diameter d (see: Figure 1G ). In different embodiments, the size of the diameter d can vary. In a preferred embodiment, the diameter d is no greater than about 5.0 mm, or, for example, between about 0.5 mm and about 5.0 mm. This geometry and geometric dimensions of the closed distal end 118 and its outer distal surface, on the one hand, allow the attachment device 100 to penetrate the penetrable barrier of the test vessel, while on the other hand, limiting the risk of skin rupture of the user during accidental contact between the user and the distal end 118 of the end portion 119. In other embodiments, the closed distal end 118 can have other geometries and other geometric dimensions, provided that they allow the attachment device to penetrate the penetrable barrier. Thus, for example, in other embodiments, the outer distal surface 118a can be designed so as not to be part of the circumference of an imaginary sphere, and can, for example, include an angled outer surface or an elliptical surface, a sharp pyramidal surface, or a sharp conical surface. However, considering the operational safety of using the attachment device, a geometry with a sharp point may be less than ideal.

[0095] The end portion 119 of the barrel portion 106 further includes two lateral openings 110a and 110b on opposite sides of the barrel portion 106, thereby providing access to the hollow interior 102 of the body 101 and the external environment 121 (see: Figure 1A ) provide a fluid connection between. When used, such as Figures 3A-3DAs further shown in Figures 4A-4D, fluid can be drawn from the external environment 121 into the hollow interior 102 of the hollow body 101 through the side openings 110a and 110b, or conversely, exhausted from the hollow interior 102 of the hollow body 101 through the side openings 110a and 110b. In other embodiments, only one side opening is included. In other embodiments, three or more side openings, such as four to six side openings, can be included, as long as the number and / or size of the openings does not degrade the structural integrity of the end portion 119.

[0096] Hollow body 101 further includes four ribs 108a, 108b, 108c, and 108d that extend gradually outward and upward from end portion 119 relative to and along outer surface 123 of barrel portion 106, and further extend upward along a portion of wall 117 of collar portion 104. Ribs 108a, 108b, 108c, and 108d are spaced approximately radially and equidistantly apart. Approximately halfway along the length of barrel portion 106, each of ribs 108a and 108c, positioned relative to each other on hollow body 101, separates from a branch point (shown as 129a for rib 108a; the branch point is not visible for rib 108c). Thus, ribs 108a and 108c branch into rib branches 108a1 and 108a2, and rib branches 108c1 and 108c2, respectively. The rib branches 108a1 and 108a2 define a channel 109a, and the rib branches 108c1 and 108c2 define a channel 109b, e.g. Figures 1E-1F and 1I. Also, the ribs 108b and 108d located opposite each other on the hollow body 101 have no branches. Further reference is made, in particular Figures 1E-1F 11 and 11, additional upwardly extending channels 111a, 111b, 111c and 111d are defined by ribs 108a and 108b, 108b and 108c, 108c and 108d, and 108d and 108a, respectively. As defined herein, channels 111a, 111b, 111c and 111d extend upwardly from end portion 119 and have a greater length than channels 109a and 109b. Ribs 108a, 108b, 108c and 108d further include outwardly flared portions 116 toward the upper portion of each rib. In use, in conjunction with a closed assay vessel, channels 109a and 109b and additional channels 111a, 111b, 111c and 111d allow air to escape from the closed assay vessel, as described below with reference to Figures 4A-4D The unbranched ribs do not allow air to escape (except through channels between individual adjacent ribs), however, they can aid in the manufacture of the attachment device 100, for example, when the attachment device 100 is manufactured by injection molding. In addition, the unbranched ribs can provide structural stability to the hollow body 100.

[0097] Note that various alternative embodiments are possible with respect to ribs and rib configurations according to the present disclosure, provided, however, that the attachment device of the present disclosure includes at least one branching rib 108. In embodiments including a single branching rib 108, it can be said that channels 111a-111d are absent. Alternative embodiments include, for example, variations in the number of ribs, the relative arrangement of the ribs on the outer surface 123, and the geometry of the ribs. Several possible rib configurations are described below.

[0098] In at least one embodiment, one, two, three, four, five, six, seven or eight branch ribs may be included.

[0099] Alternatively, in at least one embodiment, all of the ribs may be branched ribs.

[0100] Alternatively, in at least one embodiment, at least one non-branching rib may be included.

[0101] In yet another alternative, in at least one embodiment, half of the ribs may be non-branching ribs, and half of the ribs may be branching ribs (e.g., a single branching rib and a single non-branching rib; 2 branching ribs and 2 non-branching ribs (e.g., Figures 1A-1I ), etc.

[0102] In at least one embodiment, all ribs can be radially equidistantly spaced (e.g., Figures 1A-1I and shown in ).

[0103] In at least one embodiment, non-equidistant radial spacing between some or all of the ribs is possible.

[0104] In at least one embodiment, the branch point can be positioned lower downward (i.e., closer to the end portion 119) or higher upward (i.e., further away from the end portion 119) on the surface of the barrel portion 106. In this regard, it should be noted that when the attachment device 100 is used in conjunction with a closed assay vessel when releasing fluid from the attachment device 100 (as described below), the branch point can be positioned lower downward (i.e., closer to the end portion 119) or higher upward (i.e., further away from the end portion 119) on the surface of the barrel portion 106. Figures 4A-4D ), a portion of the attachment device 100 may be submerged in the fluid. Generally, it is desirable to include a branch point 129 on the surface of the barrel portion 106 that is sufficiently far upward so that when the end portion 119 of the attachment device 100 is inserted into an assay vessel with a penetrable barrier, the branch point 129 is not submerged in the fluid present in the assay vessel, thereby facilitating the release of air from the vessel through the channels (e.g., channels 109a, 109b).

[0105] In at least one embodiment, the rib branches can be equal in length.

[0106] Alternatively, in at least one embodiment, the lengths of the rib branches can vary, either relative to the branches of one rib, or relative to the branches of different ribs.

[0107] In at least one embodiment, more than two branches may extend from the branching point, such as three or four branches.

[0108] In at least one embodiment, the channels defined by the rib branches (eg, channel 109a defined by rib branches 108a1 and 108a2) can be partially or completely longitudinally covered, thereby forming a longitudinally extending tube.

[0109] With respect to manufacturing the attachment device 100, in at least one embodiment, the attachment device 100 can be made from a single, more or less continuous material, such as a plastic material. In various embodiments, the plastic material used can be polypropylene; polystyrene; polyethylene, including low-density and high-density polyethylene; polyethylene terephthalate; polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG); ethylene polymers; polyvinyl alcohol; polycarbonate; acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS); polylactic acid; acetal (also known as polyoxymethylene, such as, for example, the plastic material sold under the trade name polyurethane; polybutylene terephthalate; polyetheretherketone (PEEK); polysulfone; polyphenylene sulfide; polyetherimide (such as for example under the trade name (sold as such); for example, or nylon (also known as polyamide). In other embodiments, the attachment device 100 can be made of a composite material. For example, such a composite material includes a mixture of two or more of the aforementioned plastic materials. The composite material can further include a filler material, such as carbon fibers, metal particles, glass particles, nanotubes, or wood fibers.

[0110] Furthermore, to manufacture the attachment device 100 , it may be molded or 3D printed using techniques and methods known to those skilled in the art.

[0111] Methods for operating exemplary attachment devices of the present disclosure will now be discussed. Generally speaking, the methods of the present disclosure can be said to permit use of the attachment device, particularly in conjunction with a fluid dispensing device, to obtain a fluid sample from a fluid source, contain the fluid sample, and transfer the fluid sample to a different location, including, for example, a vessel for assaying the fluid sample. Various embodiments are described in Figures 2A-2B , 3A-3D, 4A-4D and Figure 5 Displayed in. Figure 5 Shown in FIG is a flow chart of an example method 500 of operating an attachment device according to the teachings of the present disclosure. The various actions described in the flow chart are performed in the attachment Figures 2A-2B , 3A-3D and 4A-4D. It should be noted that the method 500 and the accompanying Figures 2A-2B, 3A-3D and 4A-4D are only for reference purposes Figures 1A-1I Attachment device 100 is shown in FIG. 5 , but method 500 may be used in conjunction with different embodiments of attachment devices.

[0112] exist Figure 5 At act 502 in FIG, the attachment device is coupled to the fluid dispensing device, thereby forming the fluid dispensing assembly 250. An example of act 502 is shown in FIG. Figures 2A-2B . The fluid dispensing device 200 can be coupled to the attachment device 100 by moving the bottom of the fluid dispensing device 200 toward the upper end of the attachment device 100 (arrow m1) and slidably inserting the distal portion 215 of the dispensing device 200 into the matching opening 114 of the collar portion 104 of the attachment device 100, wherein the fluid dispensing device includes a body defining a fluid reservoir 205 and a plunger 210 inserted therein at the upper end of the fluid reservoir 205. Generally speaking, the tapered geometry of the outer surface of the distal portion 215 and the inner surface of the collar portion 104 can be closely matched so that when sufficient force is applied, the attachment device 100 can be attached to the dispensing device 200 by friction coupling. When inserted, the dispensing device 200 and the attachment device 100 together form the fluid dispensing assembly 250 ( Figure 2B ). Note that a reverse action can be performed to separate the attachment device 100 and the dispensing device 200 from each other so that they are again two separate elements (not shown). Thus, the attachment device 100 can be releasably attached to the dispensing device 200. Further note that in different embodiments, different couplings can be used. Thus, for example, in at least one embodiment, the attachment device 100 can be coupled to the dispensing device 200 solely by a friction coupling. This can typically be achieved by applying sufficient force in a generally longitudinal direction between the inner surface of the collar portion 104 and the outer surface of the bottom portion of the dispensing device 200 to establish a sealed coupling between the attachment device 100 and the dispensing device 200. These couplings can be referred to as "slip tip" couplings. In other embodiments, additional coupling portions can be included in the attachment device 100 or the dispensing device 200, or in both devices. Thus, for example, the inner surface of the collar portion 104 and the outer surface of the distal portion 215 can each include threaded portions that mate with each other, such that the dispensing device 200 and the attachment device 100 can be coupled by performing a rotating or tightening motion. In other embodiments, a clamp can be included to secure the attachment device 100 to the dispensing device 200. In yet another example embodiment, a Luer lock syringe coupling can be used to achieve the coupling between the attachment device 100 and the dispensing device 200.

[0113] exist Figure 5At action 504 in the example, the fluid is collected in the fluid collection assembly. Figures 3A-3D Shown in. Figure 3A 5 is a diagram illustrating a fluid collection assembly 250 in a first state in action 504 and a fluid source 300 including a container 310 containing a fluid 305. Note that the fluid 305 can be any fluid, including any aqueous fluid (e.g., water) or non-aqueous fluid (e.g., an organic fluid such as an oil or an organic solvent), and the container 310 can be any container, including any man-made container, capable of receiving the end portion of the attachment device 100. The fluid source 300 can also be a natural fluid source, such as when a pond or lake is used as the fluid source, for example.

[0114] like Figure 3A , the fluid collection assembly 250 can be moved toward the surface 315 of the fluid 305 (see: arrow m2), and the attachment device 100 can penetrate the fluid surface 315 to be inserted into the fluid 305 (the second state of action 504 of the fluid collection assembly 250; see: Figure 3B ), at least deep enough so that openings 110a and 110b (not separately visible) are immersed in fluid 305. Thereafter, plunger 210 can be moved upward relative to fluid reservoir 205 (see: arrow m3). The upward movement of plunger 210 causes fluid 305 to be drawn into hollow interior 102 (not visible) of attachment device 100 through openings 110a and 110b, and further upward into fluid reservoir 205, as shown. Figure 3C 504 of the fluid collection assembly 250. Note that in some embodiments, a smaller volume of fluid 300 may be required, and a fluid dispensing device may be used that only fills the hollow interior 102 (or a portion thereof) of the attachment device, and in such embodiments, the fluid does not enter the fluid reservoir of the fluid dispensing device.

[0115] When the fluid 305 is collected in the fluid collection assembly 250, the fluid dispensing assembly 250 can be removed from the fluid source 300 (see: arrow m4), and the fluid sample 320 of the fluid 305 can be collected and contained in the fluid dispensing assembly 250 (the fourth state of the action 504 of the fluid collection assembly 250; see: Figure 3D ). The fluid collection assembly 250 containing the fluid sample 320 can now be used to transfer the fluid sample 320 elsewhere, including, for example, to an assay vessel or any other desired fluid container.

[0116] exist Figure 5 At act 506 in FIG, the fluid dispensing assembly 250 engages an assay vessel, particularly an assay vessel comprising a penetrable barrier. An example of act 506 is shown in FIG. Figures 4A-4B Shown in. Figure 4A The first state shown in action 506 (basically the same as Figure 3D 405). The present invention also relates to a fluid dispensing assembly 250 (same as the fourth state of action 504 shown in FIG), and an assay vessel 400 comprising an assay housing 410 covered by a penetrable barrier 405. The assay vessel 400 further comprises an assay reagent 415. The fluid dispensing assembly 250 can be moved toward the assay vessel 400 (see: arrow m5) with sufficient force to allow the outer distal surface 118a of the closed distal end 118 (not separately visible) to contact the penetrable barrier 405 and penetrate the barrier 405 so that the attachment device 100 is received by the assay vessel 400 (the second state of action 506 of the fluid dispensing assembly 250; see: Figure 4B ). The barrier material used to cover the test vessel 400 can vary. As shown, the barrier 405 can be penetrated by the closed distal end 118, and the barrier 405 can be made of a substantially non-tearable material, such as rubber or silicone, for example. It is noted that due to the location of the lateral openings 110a, 110b (not separately visible) within the attachment device 100, when the attachment device 100 penetrates the barrier 405, the closed portion of the bottom of the distal end 118 first contacts the barrier 405, so the lateral openings 110a, 110b are not blocked by the material that can penetrate the barrier 405. Similarly, the side openings 110a, 110b will not be blocked by crystals or particulate assay reagent 415 present in the assay vessel 400 because such assay reagent 415 can contact the attachment device 100 when inserted into the assay vessel 400, including contact caused by the release of fluid 305 into the assay vessel 400 as described below, and possible movement of the assay reagent 415 within the assay vessel 400 due to the release of fluid 305 into the assay vessel 400.

[0117] exist Figure 5 At act 508 in FIG, fluid is released from the fluid dispensing assembly 250. An example of act 508 is shown in FIG. Figures 4C-4D Shown in. Figure 4C 5 is a diagram showing the fluid dispensing assembly 250 in the first part of act 508, after the end portion 118 has penetrated and is covered by the permeable barrier 405, the fluid dispensing assembly being received within the assay vessel 400. Note that in this state, the ribs 108a, 108b, 108c, 108d (in Figure 4C110b (not separately labeled) further blocks the attachment device 100 from entering the assay vessel 400. By applying downward pressure on the plunger 210, the plunger 210 moves downward relative to the fluid reservoir 205 (see: arrow m7). This movement causes the fluid 305 to be discharged from the fluid reservoir 205 through the hollow interior 202 (not visible) and the openings 110a and 110b (not separately visible) into the assay vessel 400. Note that during use, despite the use of the closed assay vessel 400 and the introduction of fluid 305 into the assay vessel 400, the pressure in the assay vessel 400 does not increase substantially. This occurs because, as the fluid 305 is released from the side openings 110a and 110b, air present in the assay vessel 400 may escape upwardly from the assay vessel 400 to the exterior, surrounding the assay vessel and dispensing assembly 250, through the passages 109a and 109b and through the passages 111a, 111b, 111c, and 111d. Note that in this regard, it is particularly desirable that the branch points 129 be positioned sufficiently high upwardly above the surface of the barrel portion 106 so that they are not immersed in the fluid 305 and / or assay reagents, so that the passages 109a and 109b then remain free of fluid, as fluid would otherwise have entered the passages 109a and 109b by capillary action (if not for the flared portion 116), which instead allow air to escape therefrom. Consequently, the pressure in the assay vessel 400 may not be substantially increased and thus prevented from interfering with subsequent assays. Finally, in Figure 4C and 4D It should be noted that fluid 305 contacts the assay reagent 415 and may react with the assay reagent 415 .

[0118] Upon completion of the downward movement of the plunger 210, all or substantially all of the fluid 305 comprising the sample 320 may be transferred from the fluid dispensing assembly 250 to the assay vessel 400 (the second portion of act 508 of the fluid dispensing assembly 250; see Figure 4D ). The fluid dispensing assembly 250 can now be removed from the assay vessel 400, and the attachment device 100 can optionally be separated from the fluid dispensing device 200 (not shown).

[0119] exist Figure 5At action 510 in, the assay vessel 400 can be used to detect a fluid parameter of the fluid sample 320. The fluid parameter can be selected as desired and can, for example, be a chemical parameter, for example, a chemical parameter that indicates whether a particular chemical substance is present in the fluid sample 320. Thus, by way of example only, the fluid sample 320 can be a water sample, and when a reagent capable of forming a colored complex in the presence of a metal ion is included in the assay vessel 400, the presence of, for example, a metal ion in the water sample can be detected, and the colored complex can be detected, for example, spectrophotometrically or by the naked eye. Assays and assay methods can vary and include, for example, voltammetric assays, including, for example, the voltammetric assays described in PCT patent application No. PCT / CA2020 / 050022 previously filed by the applicant of the instant application. It will be clear to those skilled in the art that the attachment device according to the present disclosure as taught herein can be used in conjunction with many different assays, and that assays can be selected and performed as desired.

[0120] As can now be understood, the attachment device of the present disclosure can be used to releasably attach to a fluid dispensing device. When the attachment device is attached to the fluid dispensing device, the resulting assembly can be used to obtain a fluid sample from a fluid source, and some or all of the fluid sample can be dispensed later. The attachment device is particularly suitable for use in conjunction with an assay vessel enclosed by a barrier that can be penetrated by the attachment device, so that the fluid can be assayed in the assay vessel. In this way, the attachment device of the present disclosure can be used to assay the quality of various fluid samples, such as water samples, or fluid-based mixtures or preparations, for example, pharmaceutical preparations or beverages.

[0121] Of course, the above exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are intended to be illustrative only and not restrictive. The described embodiments are susceptible to numerous modifications in composition, details, and sequence of operations. On the contrary, the claimed subject matter is intended to cover all such modifications within the scope thereof as defined by the claims, which should be given a broad interpretation consistent with the specification as a whole.

Claims

1. An attachment device for releasably coupling to a fluid dispensing device, the attachment device comprising: a hollow body having a proximal collar portion having an opening at a proximal end thereof for releasably coupling the attachment device to the fluid dispensing device, the collar portion surrounding the proximal opening and extending downwardly therefrom; and a barrel portion tapering longitudinally downward from the collar portion toward a distal end portion of the barrel portion, the distal end portion having a closed end and at least one lateral opening disposed above the closed end, the at least one lateral opening permitting fluid to be drawn into and dispensed from the hollow body, and wherein the hollow body has an outer surface having at least one rib extending longitudinally along the outer surface of the barrel portion and branching upward at a branch point into at least two rib branches to form a channel between the rib branches.

2. The attachment device according to claim 1, wherein The branch point is positioned on the outer surface of the barrel portion at a location such that when the attachment device is inserted into an assay vessel, the branch point is not submerged in fluid present in the assay vessel.

3. The attachment device according to claim 1, wherein The attachment means comprises additional ribs extending longitudinally along the outer surface of the barrel portion, wherein at least one of the additional ribs branches upward into at least two rib branches to form a channel between the rib branches of the additional rib.

4. The attachment device according to claim 1, wherein The attachment device comprises additional ribs extending longitudinally along the outer surface of the barrel portion, wherein each of the additional ribs branches upward into at least two rib branches to form a channel between the rib branches of the additional ribs.

5. The attachment device according to claim 1, wherein The attachment means comprises at least three additional ribs extending longitudinally along the outer surface of the barrel portion, further forming at least four additional channels between the ribs.

6. The attachment device according to claim 1, wherein The attachment device includes four ribs, each rib extending longitudinally along the outer surface of the cylindrical portion, wherein two of the four ribs branch upward into two rib branches to form two channels between the rib branches, and wherein the other two of the four ribs have no branches, the four ribs further forming four additional channels between the ribs.

7. The attachment device according to claim 6, wherein: Two unbranched ribs are positioned on first opposing sides of the barrel portion, and at least two of the rib branches are positioned on second opposing sides of the barrel portion.

8. The attachment device according to claim 1, wherein The attachment device includes additional ribs extending longitudinally along the outer surface of the barrel, wherein all additional ribs branch upward into two rib branches to form two channels between the rib branches of the additional ribs, and the additional ribs further form a plurality of additional channels between the additional ribs.

9. An attachment device according to any one of claims 2 to 8, wherein The outer surface of the hollow body further has at least two ribs, wherein the ribs of the at least two ribs are equally spaced apart in the radial direction.

10. An attachment device according to any one of claims 2 to 8, wherein One or more of the at least one rib extends upwardly above the end portion from a first point on the outer surface of the barrel portion to a second point on the outer surface of the collar portion.

11. An attachment device according to any one of claims 2 to 8, wherein The one or more ribs include an outwardly flared portion which, during use, prevents the attachment device from further entering the assay vessel covered by the barrier when contact is made between the outwardly flared portion and a barrier of the assay vessel covered by the barrier.

12. The attachment device according to claim 11, wherein The radially outwardly flared portion is located on at least one branch of the at least one rib.

13. An attachment device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein The end portion of the attachment device comprises at least two lateral openings.

14. The attachment device according to claim 13, wherein Two of the at least two lateral openings are positioned at opposite sides of the barrel portion.

15. An attachment device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein The outer surface of the closed end portion represents a portion of the circumference of an imaginary sphere having a diameter of 5 mm or less.

16. The attachment device of claim 15, wherein: The circumference of the imaginary sphere has a diameter from 0.5 mm to 5 mm.

17. An attachment device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein The closed end portion is sharp enough to penetrate the barrier of an assay vessel, and not sharp enough to rupture human skin upon accidental contact between the sharp distal end portion and human skin.

18. An attachment device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein The attachment device is made by injection molding or 3D printing.

19. An attachment device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein The attachment means is constructed from a single material.

20. An attachment device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein The attachment means is constructed from a composite material.

21. An attachment device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein The attachment means is constructed from a plastic material.

22. The attachment device of claim 21, wherein The plastic material is polypropylene, polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate or polycarbonate.

23. A method of assembling a fluid dispensing assembly, the method comprising: obtaining a fluid dispensing device; and An attachment device for releasably attaching to the fluid dispensing device is obtained, the attachment device comprising: a hollow body having: a proximal collar portion having an opening at a proximal end thereof for releasably coupling an attachment device to a fluid dispensing device, the collar portion surrounding the proximal opening and extending downwardly from the proximal opening; and a barrel portion tapering longitudinally downwardly from the collar portion toward a distal end portion, the distal end portion having a closed end and at least one lateral opening above the closed end, the hollow body further having an outer surface having a rib extending longitudinally along the outer surface of the barrel and branching upwardly at a branch point into at least two rib branches to form a channel between the at least two rib branches; and Inserting the lower portion of the fluid dispensing device into the collar portion of the attachment device couples the fluid dispensing device to the attachment device.

24. The method according to claim 23, wherein The dispensing device and the attachment device may be sealingly frictionally coupled by applying sufficient force in a longitudinal direction between the inner surface of the collar portion and the outer surface of the lower portion of the fluid dispensing device.

25. The method according to claim 23, wherein The dispensing device and the attachment device are sealingly coupled using a coupling requiring a rotational action for establishing the coupling.

26. The method according to claim 25, wherein An outer surface of the lower portion of the dispensing device includes threads, and an inner surface of the upper portion of the attachment device includes grooves sized to receive the threads, and the method includes rotating the attachment device relative to the dispensing device to obtain a threaded coupling therebetween.

27. The method according to claim 25, wherein The connection is a Luer lock connection.

28. A method for detecting a fluid parameter in a fluid sample, the method comprising: obtaining a fluid dispensing assembly comprising a fluid dispensing device releasably attached to an attachment device, the attachment device comprising a hollow body having: a proximal collar portion having an opening at a proximal end thereof for releasably coupling the attachment device to the fluid dispensing device, the collar portion surrounding the proximal opening and extending downwardly therefrom; and a barrel portion tapering longitudinally downward from the collar portion toward a distal end portion, the distal end portion having a closed end and at least one lateral opening above the closed end, and the hollow body further having an outer surface having a rib extending longitudinally along the outer surface of the barrel and branching upward at a branch point into at least two rib branches to form a channel between the at least two rib branches; aspirating a fluid containing a fluid parameter from a fluid source into the hollow body of the attachment device through at least one lateral opening, thereby obtaining a fluid sample contained in the attachment device; moving the closed, sharpened distal end portion of the attachment device with sufficient force to penetrate a barrier covering an assay vessel, thereby fluidly connecting the hollow body of the attachment device and an interior of the assay vessel, the assay vessel including one or more reagents for detecting a fluid parameter; as well as A fluid sample is dispensed from the attachment device into the assay vessel to allow for detection of a fluid parameter.

29. The method according to claim 28, wherein The assay vessel is an assay vessel for voltammetric detection of fluid parameters.

30. A fluid dispensing assembly comprising a fluid dispensing device having a fluid reservoir, the fluid dispensing device being releasably attached to an attachment device, the attachment device comprising a hollow body, the hollow body having: a proximal collar portion having an opening at a proximal end thereof for releasably coupling the attachment device to the fluid dispensing device, the collar portion surrounding the proximal opening and extending downwardly from the proximal opening; and a barrel portion tapering longitudinally downwardly from the collar portion toward a distal end portion, the distal end portion having a closed end and at least one lateral opening above the closed end, and the hollow body further having an outer surface having a rib, the rib extending longitudinally along the outer surface of the barrel and branching upwardly into two rib branches at a branch point to form a channel between the rib branches.

31. An assembly for detecting a fluid parameter in a fluid sample, the assembly comprising: a fluid dispensing device having a fluid reservoir releasably attached to an attachment device, the attachment device comprising a hollow body having: a proximal collar portion at an upper end, the collar portion having an opening at a proximal end thereof for releasably coupling the attachment device to the fluid dispensing device, the collar portion surrounding the proximal opening and extending downwardly therefrom; and a barrel portion tapering longitudinally downward from the collar portion toward a distal end portion, the distal end portion having a closed end and at least one lateral opening disposed above the closed end, wherein the hollow body further has an outer surface having a rib extending longitudinally along the outer surface of the barrel and branching upward at a branch point into two rib branches to form a channel between the rib branches; as well as An assay vessel capable of receiving the lower end portion of the attachment device.

32. The assembly of claim 31 , wherein: The assay vessel is a closed assay vessel comprising a barrier made of a material that can be penetrated by the closed end of the distal end portion of the attachment device.

33. Use of an attachment device for pumping fluid into a fluid dispensing device, wherein: The uses include: The attachment device is releasably coupled to the fluid dispensing device, the attachment device comprising a hollow body having: a proximal collar portion having an opening at a proximal end thereof for releasably coupling the attachment device to the fluid dispensing device, the collar portion surrounding the proximal opening and extending downwardly from the proximal opening; and a barrel portion tapering longitudinally downwardly from the collar portion toward a distal end portion having a closed end and at least one lateral opening, and the hollow body further having an outer surface having a rib extending longitudinally along the outer surface of the barrel portion and branching upwardly at a branch point into two rib branches to form a channel between the rib branches; and Fluid is drawn through the attachment device into the fluid dispensing device through at least one side opening.

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