A refractory fiber product compression deformation test device and method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a compression deformation test device and method for refractory fiber products, the device comprising a fixed frame, a mobile frame, an oil hydraulic press, an upper ball seat, a force sensor, a support column, a lower ball seat, a sample loading platform and a displacement measuring device; the fixed frame is provided with a fixed top plate and a fixed bottom plate, and the mobile frame is provided with a mobile top plate and a mobile bottom plate; an oil hydraulic press, an upper ball seat and a force sensor are sequentially arranged between the fixed top plate and the mobile top plate from bottom to top; between the mobile bottom plate and the fixed top plate, a support column, a lower ball seat and a sample loading platform are sequentially arranged on the top of the mobile bottom plate from bottom to top; displacement measuring devices are respectively arranged on both sides of the mobile frame in the fixed frame, and the displacement measuring devices are 2 or 4, and are arranged with the sample loading center line as the symmetry axis. The present invention can accurately test the compression deformation characteristics of heat-insulating refractory products with large compression deformation characteristics, such as refractory fiber products, and provide reliable technical parameters for the furnace body design of industrial furnaces.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of performance testing of refractory fiber products, and in particular to a compression deformation testing device and method for refractory fiber products. Background Art

[0002] Refractory fiber products and certain thermal insulation refractory products with large compression deformation characteristics are often used as expansion joint filling materials and thermal insulation layers of industrial furnace bodies. The compression characteristics of these materials will affect the sealing, overall thermal expansion, thermal stress, etc. of the furnace body. However, there is currently no accurate test method for the compression deformation characteristics of these materials, so there is no corresponding test data that can be used as a basis for furnace body design. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention provides a refractory fiber product compression deformation test device and method, which can accurately test the compression deformation characteristics of refractory fiber products and other thermal insulation refractory products with large compression deformation characteristics, and provide reliable technical parameters for the furnace body design of industrial furnaces.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A compression deformation test device for refractory fiber products comprises a fixed frame, a mobile frame, an oil hydraulic press, an upper ball seat, a force sensor, a support column, a lower ball seat, a sample loading platform and a displacement measuring device; the fixed frame and the mobile frame are arranged crosswise, and the mobile frame can move in the vertical direction; the fixed frame is provided with a fixed top plate and a fixed bottom plate, and the mobile frame is provided with a mobile top plate and a mobile bottom plate; an oil hydraulic press, an upper ball seat and a force sensor are arranged in sequence from bottom to top between the fixed top plate and the mobile top plate; a support column, a lower ball seat and a sample loading platform are arranged in sequence from bottom to top on the top of the mobile bottom plate between the mobile bottom plate and the fixed top plate; displacement measuring devices are arranged in the fixed frame on both sides of the mobile frame, and there are 2 or 4 displacement measuring devices, and they are arranged with the sample loading center line as the symmetry axis.

[0006] The fixed frame is composed of a fixed top plate, a fixed bottom plate and four fixed columns arranged therebetween; the fixed top plate and the fixed bottom plate are made of a rectangular plate of the same size, and the four fixed columns are respectively arranged at the four corners of the rectangular plate; the movable frame is composed of a movable top plate, a movable bottom plate and four movable columns arranged therebetween; the movable top plate and the movable bottom plate are made of a rectangular plate of the same size, and the four movable columns are respectively arranged at the four corners of the rectangular plate; the rectangular plate two has the same size as the rectangular plate one, and the two are horizontally staggered at 90°; the movable columns are arranged on the outside of the rectangular plate one, and the fixed columns are arranged on the outside of the rectangular plate two.

[0007] The displacement measuring device is a digital grating ruler with a measuring accuracy of 1 μm; the sliding weight of the digital grating ruler contacts the top surface of the moving bottom plate, and a heavy hammer is added to the sliding weight.

[0008] The support columns are provided with various height specifications.

[0009] The force sensor is a digital force sensor with a measurement accuracy of 0.01 kN.

[0010] The oil press is a manual oil press or a servo oil press, and the servo oil press is linked with the displacement measuring device.

[0011] A compression deformation test method for refractory fiber products, the test process includes the following steps:

[0012] 1) Prepare the sample and place it on the sample loading platform; according to the different refractory fiber products, it can be divided into the following two cases:

[0013] When the refractory fiber product is in the form of a blanket, felt or plate, cut the refractory fiber product into square specimens, place them in the center of the sample loading platform after drying, select a pre-pressing plate of corresponding mass and size according to the volume density of the specimen and press it on the specimen. The center of the pre-pressing plate should coincide with the center of the specimen, and the surroundings of the pre-pressing plate should not exceed the corresponding boundaries of the specimen.

[0014] When the refractory fiber product is in rope or root shape, cut the refractory fiber product into samples of fixed length, take 2 samples after drying and place them on a rigid platform, straighten the samples; place the 2 straightened samples in parallel on the sample loading platform, select a pre-pressing plate of corresponding mass and size according to the volume density of the sample and press it on the sample, the center of the pre-pressing plate coincides with the center of the sample loading platform, and the 2 samples are placed symmetrically along the center line of the pre-pressing plate, with the length of both ends of the sample exposed from the pre-pressing plate being equal;

[0015] 2) Start the hydraulic press to make the mobile frame drive the sample loading platform to rise slowly until the pre-pressing plate contacts the fixed top plate, and the self-adjusting effect of the lower ball seat ensures that the two are in plane contact;

[0016] 3) When the pre-pressing plate is in full contact with the fixed top plate, the sample loading platform stops rising, and the displacement measuring device sets the displacement value at this time as zero;

[0017] 4) Start the hydraulic press again and compress the sample at an average rate of 0.1d / min±25%; for blanket, felt or plate-shaped refractory fiber products, d is the original thickness of the sample; for rope or root-shaped refractory fiber products, d is the diameter or side length of the sample; the force sensor and displacement measuring device continuously display and record the measured values ​​of pressure and displacement; when the compression rate of the sample reaches the set value, record the instantaneous reading of the force sensor; the compression rate of the sample is the average value of the readings of 2 or 4 displacement measuring devices;

[0018] 5) Operate the hydraulic press to keep the compression rate of the sample constant and start timing; when the change in the compressive strength of the sample is less than 1KPa within 2 minutes, read the reading of the force sensor and the corresponding holding time;

[0019] 6) Operate the hydraulic press to slowly lower the sample loading platform at a rate of 0.1d / min±25% to remove the pressure applied to the sample; when the pre-loading plate is separated from the fixed top plate by a certain distance and the pre-loading plate cannot contact the fixed top plate after the sample rebounds, the sample loading platform stops descending and remains for at least 5 minutes;

[0020] 7) Operate the hydraulic press to slowly raise the sample loading platform. When the pre-pressing plate on the sample is in full contact with the fixed top plate, the sample loading platform stops rising and remains stationary. Then read the average value of the displacement measuring device at this time.

[0021] 8) Calculate the compression rate, permanent compression rate, rebound rate, maximum compressive strength and continuous compressive strength of the refractory fiber product based on the test data, and then evaluate the compression characteristics of the refractory fiber product.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1) The double ball seat mechanism with upper and lower ball seats is used. For samples such as refractory fiber products with uneven texture and prone to uneven deformation under pressure, the self-adjusting effect of the double ball seat mechanism can apply relatively uniform pressure to the sample;

[0024] 2) Two displacement measuring devices are used and arranged with the sample loading center line as the symmetry axis, which can measure the average compression deformation of the sample with uneven texture when it is compressed in real time. If the measurement accuracy needs to be further improved, four displacement measuring devices can also be used;

[0025] 3) A digital grating ruler is used as a measuring device for measuring the compression deformation of the sample. Its measurement accuracy (division value) can reach 1μm, which can fully meet the measurement needs of the compression deformation caused by the small force value change in the compression deformation test of refractory fiber products, and the measurement results are stable and the price is low;

[0026] 4) A heavy hammer is added to the sliding weight of the digital grating ruler so that the sliding weight can always move up and down synchronously with the moving frame, avoiding the interference of the moving frame twisting caused by the inconsistent compression deformation of different parts of the sample on the measurement accuracy of the displacement meter, and real-time tracking of the compression size change of the measured sample;

[0027] 5) By replacing support columns of different heights, the height of the sample loading space can be easily adjusted to meet the needs of compression tests on samples of various thicknesses;

[0028] 6) The force sensor can select the range and accuracy according to the force range required when the sample is compressed, and the measurement accuracy can reach 0.01kN;

[0029] 7) The hydraulic press can be a manual hydraulic press or a servo hydraulic press linked to a displacement measuring device. The average loading speed of the specimen can be controlled within a range of 1 mm / min to 30 mm / min or more according to the test requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a front view of a compression deformation testing device for refractory fiber products according to the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Side view of.

[0032] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Top view of the .

[0033] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the placement position of the sample of the rope-shaped refractory fiber device described in the present invention on the sample loading platform.

[0034] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the placement position of the sample of the root-shaped refractory fiber device described in the present invention on the sample loading platform.

[0035] In the figure: 1. Mobile rack 2. Fixed rack 3. Sample loading platform 4. Lower ball seat 5. 1# digital display grating ruler 6. Support column 7. Weight 8. 2# digital display grating ruler 9. Hydraulic press 10. Upper ball seat 11. Force sensor 12. Sample 13. Preload plate DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The specific implementation of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0037] like Figure 1-Figure 3As shown, a compression deformation test device for refractory fiber products described in the present invention comprises a fixed frame 2, a mobile frame 1, an oil hydraulic press 9, an upper ball seat 10, a force sensor 11, a support column 6, a lower ball seat 4, a sample loading platform 3 and a displacement measuring device; the fixed frame 2 and the mobile frame 1 are arranged crosswise, and the mobile frame 1 can move in the vertical direction; the fixed frame 2 is provided with a fixed top plate and a fixed bottom plate, and the mobile frame 1 is provided with a mobile top plate and a mobile bottom plate; between the fixed top plate and the mobile top plate, an oil hydraulic press 9, an upper ball seat 10 and a force sensor 11 are arranged in sequence from bottom to top; between the mobile bottom plate and the fixed top plate, support columns 6, a lower ball seat 4 and a sample loading platform 3 are arranged in sequence from bottom to top on the top of the mobile bottom plate; displacement measuring devices are respectively arranged on both sides of the mobile frame 1 in the fixed frame 2, and there are 2 or 4 displacement measuring devices, and they are arranged with the sample loading center line as the symmetry axis.

[0038] The fixed frame 2 is composed of a fixed top plate, a fixed bottom plate and four fixed columns arranged therebetween; the fixed top plate and the fixed bottom plate are made of a rectangular plate of the same size, and the four fixed columns are respectively arranged at the four corners of the rectangular plate; the movable frame 1 is composed of a movable top plate, a movable bottom plate and four movable columns arranged therebetween; the movable top plate and the movable bottom plate are made of a rectangular plate of the same size, and the four movable columns are respectively arranged at the four corners of the rectangular plate; the rectangular plate 2 has the same size as the rectangular plate 1, and the two are horizontally staggered at 90°; the movable columns are arranged on the outside of the rectangular plate 1, and the fixed columns are arranged on the outside of the rectangular plate 2.

[0039] The displacement measuring device is a digital grating ruler (such as Figure 1 As shown, there are two digital display grating rulers, 5 is 1# digital display grating ruler, 8 is 2# digital display grating ruler), and the measurement accuracy is 1μm; the slider of the digital display grating ruler contacts the top surface of the moving base plate, and a weight 7 is added to the slider.

[0040] The support column 6 is provided with various height specifications.

[0041] The force sensor 11 is a digital force sensor with a measurement accuracy of 0.01 kN.

[0042] The hydraulic press 9 is a manual hydraulic press or a servo hydraulic press, and the servo hydraulic press is linked with the displacement measuring device.

[0043] A compression deformation test method for refractory fiber products, the test process includes the following steps:

[0044] 1) Prepare the sample and place it on the sample loading platform 3; according to the different refractory fiber products, it can be divided into the following two cases:

[0045] When the refractory fiber product is in the form of a blanket, felt or plate, the refractory fiber product is cut into square samples, dried and placed at the center of the sample loading platform 3, and a pre-pressing plate of corresponding mass and size is selected according to the volume density of the sample and pressed on the sample, the center of the pre-pressing plate coincides with the center of the sample, and the four sides of the pre-pressing plate do not exceed the corresponding boundaries of the sample;

[0046] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, when the refractory fiber product is in rope or root shape, the refractory fiber product is cut into samples of fixed length, and after drying, two samples are placed on a rigid platform, and the samples are straightened to make them straight; the two straightened samples 12 are placed in parallel on the sample loading platform 3, and a pre-pressing plate 13 of corresponding mass and size is selected according to the volume density of the sample 12 and pressed on the sample 12, the center of the pre-pressing plate 13 coincides with the center of the sample loading platform 3, and the two samples 12 are symmetrically placed along the center line of the pre-pressing plate 13, and the length of the two ends of the sample 12 exposed from the pre-pressing plate 13 is equal;

[0047] 2) Start the hydraulic press 9 to make the mobile frame 1 drive the sample loading platform 3 to slowly rise until the pre-pressing plate contacts the fixed top plate, and the self-adjusting effect of the lower ball seat 4 ensures that the two are in plane contact;

[0048] 3) When the pre-pressing plate is completely in contact with the fixed top plate, the sample loading platform 3 stops rising, and the displacement measuring device sets the displacement value at this time as zero;

[0049] 4) Start the hydraulic press 9 again and compress the sample at an average rate of 0.1d / min±25%; for blanket, felt or plate-shaped refractory fiber products, d is the original thickness of the sample; for rope or root-shaped refractory fiber products, d is the diameter or side length of the sample; the force sensor 11 and the displacement measuring device continuously display and record the measured values ​​of pressure and displacement; when the compression rate of the sample reaches the set value, record the instantaneous reading of the force sensor 11; the compression rate of the sample is the average value of the readings of 2 or 4 displacement measuring devices;

[0050] 5) Operate the hydraulic press 9 to keep the compression rate of the sample constant and start timing; when the change in the compressive strength of the sample is less than 1 KPa within 2 minutes, read the reading of the force sensor 11 and the corresponding holding time;

[0051] 6) Operate the hydraulic press 9 to slowly lower the sample loading platform 3 at a rate of 0.1d / min±25% to remove the pressure applied to the sample; when the pre-pressing plate is separated from the fixed top plate by a certain distance and it is ensured that the pre-pressing plate cannot contact the fixed top plate after the sample rebounds, the sample loading platform 3 stops descending and remains for at least 5 minutes;

[0052] 7) Operate the hydraulic press 9 to slowly raise the sample loading platform 3. When the pre-pressing plate on the sample is in full contact with the fixed top plate, the sample loading platform 3 stops rising and remains stationary, and then reads the average value of the displacement measuring device at this time;

[0053] 8) Calculate the compression rate, permanent compression rate, rebound rate, maximum compressive strength and continuous compressive strength of the refractory fiber product based on the test data, and then evaluate the compression characteristics of the refractory fiber product.

[0054] The present invention discloses a compression deformation testing device and method for refractory fiber products, which comprises the following steps: making a refractory fiber product into a sample of a specified shape and size in a specified direction, using a testing device that can accurately measure the pressure value and the displacement in the pressure direction, applying load and compressing the sample at a specified compression speed, and measuring the compression rate, permanent compression rate, maximum compressive strength, and continuous compressive strength of the sample at the same time, and measuring the rebound rate of the sample after the compression test, etc., and evaluating the compression deformation characteristics of the refractory fiber product based on these measured data.

[0055] In order to improve the accuracy and precision of the test, hydraulic presses, force sensors and displacement measuring devices of corresponding specifications can be installed according to the pressure values ​​and precision required by different samples.

[0056] When the gap between the preload plate on the specimen and the fixed top plate of the test device is small, the rising speed of the sample loading platform should be slowed down, and one corner of the sample loading platform should be supported by hand to keep the preload plate and the fixed top plate as parallel as possible so that they can have good contact and fit perfectly through the lower ball seat to prevent unbalanced loading.

[0057] When the specimen state needs to be maintained, the preload plate on the specimen must not be removed, and the specimen and displacement measuring device must not be disturbed.

[0058] The method of the present invention can continuously measure multiple indicators, and the average displacement speed of the moving frame is controllable. By matching the corresponding hydraulic press, force sensor and displacement measuring device according to the characteristics of the sample, accurate pressure and displacement values ​​can be measured, filling the gap in the means of detecting the compression characteristics of refractory fiber products.

[0059] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A refractory fiber product compression deformation test device, characterized in that: It includes a fixed frame, a mobile frame, an oil hydraulic press, an upper ball seat, a force sensor, a support column, a lower ball seat, a sample loading platform and a displacement measuring device; the fixed frame and the mobile frame are arranged crosswise, and the mobile frame can move in the vertical direction; the fixed frame is provided with a fixed top plate and a fixed bottom plate, and the mobile frame is provided with a mobile top plate and a mobile bottom plate; the oil hydraulic press, the upper ball seat and the force sensor are arranged in sequence from bottom to top between the fixed top plate and the mobile top plate; between the mobile bottom plate and the fixed top plate, a support column, a lower ball seat and a sample loading platform are arranged in sequence from bottom to top on the top of the mobile bottom plate; displacement measuring devices are arranged on both sides of the mobile frame in the fixed frame, and there are 2 or 4 displacement measuring devices, and they are arranged with the sample loading center line as the symmetry axis; The fixed frame is composed of a fixed top plate, a fixed bottom plate and four fixed columns arranged between the two; the fixed top plate and the fixed bottom plate are made of a rectangular plate of the same size, and the four fixed columns are respectively arranged at the four corners of the rectangular plate; the movable frame is composed of a movable top plate, a movable bottom plate and four movable columns arranged between the two; the movable top plate and the movable bottom plate are made of a rectangular plate of the same size, and the four movable columns are respectively arranged at the four corners of the rectangular plate; the rectangular plate 2 has the same size as the rectangular plate 1, and the two are horizontally staggered at 90°; the movable columns are arranged on the outside of the rectangular plate 1, and the fixed columns are arranged on the outside of the rectangular plate 2; The displacement measuring device is a digital grating ruler with a measuring accuracy of 1 μm; the sliding weight of the digital grating ruler contacts the top surface of the moving bottom plate, and a heavy hammer is added to the sliding weight.

2. A refractory fiber product compression deformation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support columns are provided with various height specifications.

3. A refractory fiber product compression deformation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The force sensor is a digital force sensor with a measurement accuracy of 0.01 kN.

4. A refractory fiber product compression deformation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil press is a manual oil press or a servo oil press, and the servo oil press is linked with the displacement measuring device.

5. A method for testing compression deformation of refractory fiber products based on the device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The test process includes the following steps: 1) Prepare the sample and place it on the sample loading platform; according to the different refractory fiber products, it can be divided into the following two cases: When the refractory fiber product is in the form of a blanket, felt or plate, cut the refractory fiber product into square specimens, place them in the center of the sample loading platform after drying, select a pre-pressing plate of corresponding mass and size according to the volume density of the specimen and press it on the specimen. The center of the pre-pressing plate should coincide with the center of the specimen, and the surroundings of the pre-pressing plate should not exceed the corresponding boundaries of the specimen. When the refractory fiber product is in rope or root shape, cut the refractory fiber product into samples of fixed length, take 2 samples after drying and place them on a rigid platform, straighten the samples; place the 2 straightened samples in parallel on the sample loading platform, select a pre-pressing plate of corresponding mass and size according to the volume density of the sample and press it on the sample, the center of the pre-pressing plate coincides with the center of the sample loading platform, and the 2 samples are placed symmetrically along the center line of the pre-pressing plate, with the length of both ends of the sample exposed from the pre-pressing plate being equal; 2) Start the hydraulic press to make the mobile frame drive the sample loading platform to rise slowly until the pre-pressing plate contacts the fixed top plate, and the self-adjusting effect of the lower ball seat ensures that the two are in plane contact; 3) When the pre-pressing plate is in full contact with the fixed top plate, the sample loading platform stops rising, and the displacement measuring device sets the displacement value at this time as zero; 4) Start the hydraulic press again and compress the sample at an average rate of 0.1d / min±25%; for blanket, felt or plate-shaped refractory fiber products, d is the original thickness of the sample; for rope or root-shaped refractory fiber products, d is the diameter or side length of the sample; the force sensor and displacement measuring device continuously display and record the measured values ​​of pressure and displacement; when the compression rate of the sample reaches the set value, record the instantaneous reading of the force sensor; the compression rate of the sample is the average reading of 2 or 4 displacement measuring devices; 5) Operate the hydraulic press to keep the compression rate of the sample constant and start timing; when the compressive strength of the sample changes by less than 1KPa within 2 minutes, read the reading of the force sensor and the corresponding holding time; 6) Operate the hydraulic press to slowly lower the sample loading platform at a rate of 0.1d / min±25% to remove the pressure applied to the sample; when the pre-loading plate is separated from the fixed top plate by a certain distance and ensures that the pre-loading plate cannot contact the fixed top plate after the sample rebounds, the sample loading platform stops descending and remains for at least 5 minutes; 7) Operate the hydraulic press to slowly raise the sample loading platform. When the pre-pressing plate on the sample is in full contact with the fixed top plate, the sample loading platform stops rising and remains stationary. Then read the average value of the displacement measuring device at this time. 8) Calculate the compression rate, permanent compression rate, rebound rate, maximum compressive strength and continuous compressive strength of the refractory fiber products based on the test data, and then evaluate the compression characteristics of the refractory fiber products.

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