Battery management system data management method, device, system and battery pack

Abstract

The present application relates to a battery management system data management method, device, system and battery pack. The method includes obtaining the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit and obtaining the connection relationship between the first-level battery management unit and the first battery management unit. The first battery management unit includes at least one of the remaining first-level battery management units, the second-level battery management unit and the third-level battery management unit. The first-level battery management unit is used to obtain battery module status parameters, the second-level battery management unit is used to obtain battery cluster status parameters, and the third-level battery management unit is used to obtain battery stack status parameters. When the first-level battery management unit is communicatively connected with the first battery management unit, the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit is stored in the first battery management unit. The embodiments of the present application make full use of decentralized storage resources and improve the overall utilization rate of storage resources.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present application relate to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery management system data management method, device, system and battery pack. Background Art

[0002] The battery management system (BMS) is a protection and management unit designed specifically for battery packs. Battery management systems of different sizes are distributed in space to reduce the probability of being damaged at the same time. Summary of the invention

[0003] In the process of implementing the embodiments of the present application, the inventors of the present application found that: currently, the key data in the battery management system is usually backed up in different data areas of the same storage chip, or stored on two or more storage chips of the electronic control unit. However, in the case of electromagnetic interference or software BUG vulnerabilities, the data of the storage chip is easily erased by mistake, resulting in data loss; or when the key data is backed up on multiple storage chips on the electronic control unit, when the entire electronic control unit is damaged, the key data will also be lost.

[0004] In the process of implementing the embodiments of the present application, the inventors of the present application also discovered that the key data of the battery management system is also backed up in the databases of the electronic control unit and the monitoring system. However, since the database of the monitoring system often focuses on summary data and business data, it cannot guarantee reliable backup of all key data.

[0005] The main technical problem solved by the embodiments of the present application is to provide a battery management system data management method, device, system and battery pack. The management method can back up the key data generated during the operation of the battery management system in redundant storage units of two or more electronic control boards at different spatial positions of the battery management system according to the characteristics of dispersed distribution in spatial layout of battery management systems of different sizes to reduce the probability of being damaged at the same time, so as to solve the problem of damage to the electronic control board due to physical, electrical and other reasons, thereby reducing the risk of loss of key data, providing a data backup mechanism for energy storage system troubleshooting and system recovery, making full use of dispersed storage resources, and improving the overall storage resource utilization rate.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, in the first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery management system data management method, the method comprising: obtaining the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit, and obtaining the connection relationship between the first-level battery management unit and the first battery management unit. The first battery management unit includes at least one of the remaining first-level battery management units, the second-level battery management unit and the third-level battery management unit. The first-level battery management unit is used to obtain battery module status parameters, the second-level battery management unit is used to obtain battery cluster status parameters, and the third-level battery management unit is used to obtain battery stack status parameters. When the first-level battery management unit is communicatively connected with the first battery management unit, the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit is stored in the first battery management unit.

[0007] In some embodiments, the method further includes: obtaining the data to be backed up of the second-level battery management unit, and obtaining the connection relationship between the second-level battery management unit and the second battery management unit. The second battery management unit includes at least one of the first-level battery management unit, the remaining second-level battery management units, and the third-level battery management unit. When the second-level battery management unit is in communication connection with the second battery management unit, the data to be backed up of the second-level battery management unit is stored in the second battery management unit.

[0008] In some embodiments, the method further includes: obtaining the data to be backed up of the third-level battery management unit, and obtaining the connection relationship between the third-level battery management unit and the third battery management unit. The third battery management unit includes at least one of the first-level battery management unit, the second-level battery management unit, and the remaining third-level battery management units. When the third-level battery management unit is in communication connection with the third battery management unit, the data to be backed up of the third-level battery management unit is stored in the third battery management unit.

[0009] In some embodiments, the battery management system includes multiple first-level battery management units, and the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit is stored in the first battery management unit, including: storing the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit in the first-level battery management unit, or storing the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit in the first-level battery management unit and the remaining first-level battery management units.

[0010] In some embodiments, the battery management system includes multiple first-level battery management units and at least one second-level battery management unit, and the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit is stored in the first battery management unit, including: storing the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit in the second-level battery management unit.

[0011] The data to be backed up of the second-level battery management unit is stored in the second-level battery management unit, including: storing the data to be backed up of the second-level battery management unit in the first-level battery management unit, and / or storing the data to be backed up of the second-level battery management unit in the remaining second-level battery management units. Multiple second-level battery management units are communicatively connected.

[0012] In some embodiments, the battery management system includes multiple first-level battery management units, multiple second-level battery management units and at least one third-level battery management unit, and the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit is stored in the first battery management unit, including: storing the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit in the second-level battery management unit, and / or storing the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit in the third-level battery management unit.

[0013] The data to be backed up of the second-level battery management unit is stored in the second battery management unit, including: storing the data to be backed up of the second-level battery management unit in the first-level battery management unit, and / or storing the data to be backed up of the second-level battery management unit in the third-level battery management unit, and / or storing the data to be backed up of the second-level battery management unit in the remaining second-level battery management units.

[0014] The data to be backed up of the third-level battery management unit is stored in the third battery management unit, including: storing the data to be backed up of the third-level battery management unit in the second-level battery management unit, and / or storing the data to be backed up of the third-level battery management unit in the first-level battery management unit through the second-level battery management unit.

[0015] To solve the above technical problems, in a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery management system data management device, the device comprising: a first data acquisition module, used to acquire the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit. A first connection relationship acquisition module, used to acquire the connection relationship between the first-level battery management unit and the first battery management unit, the first battery management unit including at least one of the remaining first-level battery management units, the second-level battery management unit and the third-level battery management unit. The first-level battery management unit is used to acquire battery module status parameters, the second-level battery management unit is used to acquire battery cluster status parameters, and the third-level battery management unit is used to acquire battery stack status parameters. A first backup module, used to store the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit on the first battery management unit when the first-level battery management unit is communicatively connected with the first battery management unit.

[0016] To solve the above technical problems, in the third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery management system, which includes: at least one processor, and a memory, the memory is communicatively connected to the processor, the memory stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor so that the battery management system can execute any one of the methods described in the first aspect.

[0017] To solve the above technical problems, in a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery including a battery module and a battery management system as described in the third aspect.

[0018] To solve the above technical problems, in a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electrical device, comprising a load and a battery pack as described in the fourth aspect, wherein the battery pack supplies power to the load.

[0019] To solve the above technical problems, in the sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions. When the computer-executable instructions are executed by a battery management system, the battery management system executes the method described in the first aspect.

[0020] The beneficial effects of one or more embodiments of the present application include: Different from the prior art, the battery management system data management method provided by one or more embodiments of the present application stores the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit in redundant first battery management units at different locations according to the characteristics of the battery management system, and the first battery management unit includes at least one of the remaining first-level battery management units for obtaining battery module status parameters, the second-level battery management unit for obtaining battery cluster status parameters, and the third-level battery management unit for obtaining battery stack status parameters. It effectively reduces the risk of key data loss due to damage to the electronic control board due to physical, electrical and other reasons, provides a data backup mechanism for energy storage system troubleshooting and system recovery, fully integrates and utilizes scattered storage resources, and effectively improves the overall storage resource utilization rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] One or more embodiments are exemplarily described by pictures in the corresponding drawings, and these exemplified descriptions do not constitute limitations on the embodiments. Elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings represent similar elements, and unless otherwise stated, the figures in the drawings do not constitute proportional limitations.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a connection diagram of the data to be backed up in a traditional battery management system;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of a non-cascade mode in a primary BMS network structure of a battery management system data management method of the present application;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the cascade mode in the primary BMS network structure of the battery management system data management method of the present application;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the independent management mode of each cluster of the secondary BMS network structure of the battery management system data management method of the present application;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the inter-cluster cascade parallel management mode of the secondary BMS network structure of the battery management system data management method of the present application;

[0027] Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of the three-level BMS network structure of the battery management system data management method of the present application;

[0028] Figure 7 It is a flowchart of an embodiment of the battery management system data management method of the present application;

[0029] Figure 8aIt is a schematic diagram of scenario 1 of the battery management system data management method of the present application;

[0030] Figure 8b It is a schematic diagram of scenario 2 of the battery management system data management method of the present application;

[0031] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of scenario 3 of the battery management system data management method of the present application;

[0032] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of scenario 4 of the battery management system data management method of the present application;

[0033] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of scenario 5 of the battery management system data management method of the present application;

[0034] Fig.12 It is a flowchart of another embodiment of the battery management system data management method of the present application;

[0035] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of scenario 6 of the battery management system data management method of the present application;

[0036] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of scenario 7 of the battery management system data management method of the present application;

[0037] Fig.15 It is a flowchart of another embodiment of the battery management system data management method of the present application;

[0038] Fig.16 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a battery management system data management device of the present application;

[0039] Fig.17 It is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a controller in one embodiment of the battery management system of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The present application is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The following embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present application, but do not limit the present application in any form. It should be noted that, for those of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can also be made without departing from the concept of the present application. These all belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0041] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0042] It should be noted that, if there is no conflict, the various features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other, all within the scope of protection of the present application. In addition, although the functional module division is performed in the device schematic diagram and the logical order is shown in the flow chart, in some cases, the steps shown or described can be performed in a sequence different from the module division in the device or the flow chart. In addition, the words "first", "second", "third", etc. used herein do not limit the data and execution order, but only distinguish the same items or similar items with basically the same functions and effects.

[0043] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used in this specification and in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application. The term "and / or" used in this specification includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.

[0044] In recent years, more and more electronic devices such as portable computers, digital cameras, mobile phones, portable audio devices, Bluetooth devices or large industrial modules use battery packs as the main power source. Battery packs have the advantages of small size, high energy density, no memory effect, long cycle life, high voltage battery and low self-discharge rate.

[0045] Since various electronic devices rely on battery packs as their main power source, the key data in the battery pack usually needs to be backed up. The key data is the data to be backed up, which refers to the battery's capacity, temperature, voltage, current and other key data. For example, the battery needs to retain the accumulated historical power, such as the total power of the meter, the number of charge and discharge times of the meter, or the power, temperature and other data when some key events (sudden power outage) occur.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, the key data of the traditional BMS is stored in the upper energy system. In a third-level battery management unit BAMS, a battery stack is managed. A battery stack includes multiple second-level battery management units BCU. A second-level battery management unit BCU includes multiple first-level battery management units BMU. The key data of the first-level battery management unit BMU, the key data of the second-level battery management unit BCU, and the key data of the third-level battery management unit BAMS are uploaded to the external electronic control unit Cloud Platform or the monitoring system EMS through ESS. However, since the databases of the external electronic control unit and the monitoring system often focus on summary data and business data, reliable backup of all key data cannot be guaranteed.

[0047] The battery pack in this embodiment includes a battery module and a battery management system, wherein the battery module includes a plurality of batteries connected in series or in parallel, and the battery management system includes at least one of a first-level battery management unit for obtaining battery module status parameters, a second-level battery management unit for obtaining battery cluster status parameters, and a third-level battery management unit for obtaining battery stack status parameters.

[0048] The electrical device in this embodiment includes a load and a battery pack, and the battery pack supplies power to the load.

[0049] The first-level battery management unit (BMU) is used to obtain battery module status parameters, including battery module voltage, temperature and other status parameters, and provide an interface for the battery module.

[0050] The second-level battery management unit (Battery Control Unit, BCU) is used to obtain battery cluster status parameters and manage a battery cluster. A battery cluster includes multiple battery modules, including controlling, managing, detecting or calculating battery cluster status parameters, and the battery cluster status parameters include electrical and thermal related parameters of the battery cluster, and the second-level battery management unit BCU is an electronic device that provides communication between the battery system and other components (BAMS, EMS, PCS, display screen, etc.). Among other components, BAMS (Battery array manage system) is the third-level battery management unit of this embodiment. EMS (Energy management system, energy information management unit) is a modern power system integrated automation system supported by computer technology and power system application software technology. It is also an integration or integration of energy system and information system, usually including three major functions: data collection, energy management and network analysis. PCS (Power conversion system, power conversion system) is a system that realizes bidirectional energy conversion between energy storage batteries and AC power grid.

[0051] The third-level battery management unit (Battery array manage system, BAMS) is used to obtain the battery stack status parameters. It is mainly used to manage a battery stack. A battery stack includes multiple battery clusters. The battery stack status parameters include the battery information summary uploaded by each second-level battery management unit BCU in the battery stack, system alarm information processing, upper-level monitoring system communication, etc.

[0052] According to the above-mentioned categories of battery management units, the battery management system BMS of this embodiment includes three levels of network structures, namely, a primary BMS network structure, a secondary BMS network structure and a tertiary BMS network structure.

[0053] The first-level BMS network structure is a battery management system that includes at least one first-level battery management unit BMU, which can include a management system composed of a single or multiple first-level battery management units (battery modules). The battery management system of a single battery module is managed by connecting the cells in series and parallel. The battery management system of multiple battery modules includes two situations. One is that the modules are managed independently and have no interactive relationship, such as Figure 2 As shown, there is no communication connection between the first-level battery management unit BMU1 and the first-level battery management unit BMUn; the other is a master-slave parallel management mode formed by cascading modules, including a master BMU and a slave BMU, such as Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the cascade mode in the primary BMS network structure, including multiple battery modules, and the battery modules are cascaded to form a master-slave parallel management mode, including a master BMU (BMU-master) and a slave BMU (BMUn). The master BMU (BMU-master) and the slave BMU (BMUn) are connected through CAN bus communication. The master BMU (BMU-master) communicates with the upper power conversion system PCS1 through CAN / RS485, and the upper power conversion system PCS1 communicates with the monitoring system EMS through CAN / RS485 / Ethernet.

[0054] The secondary BMS network structure is a battery management system that includes multiple first-level battery management units and at least one second-level battery management unit. When the secondary BMS network structure only includes multiple first-level battery management units BMU and one second-level battery management unit BCU, it is a single cluster mode, that is, a single battery cluster, which is composed of multiple battery modules connected in series and is managed by a second-level battery management unit BCU. The second-level battery management unit BCU forms a master-slave communication structure with each first-level battery management unit BMU.

[0055] When the secondary network structure includes multiple first-level battery management units BMU and two or more second-level battery management units BCU, it is a multi-cluster mode, that is, multiple battery clusters, each battery cluster includes multiple battery modules. The multi-cluster mode includes independent management mode of each cluster and cascaded clusters to form a master-slave parallel management mode, such as Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4In the independent management mode for each cluster, the second-level battery management unit BCU1 is communicated with the upper-level power conversion system PCS1 through CAN / RS485 / Ethernet, the second-level battery management unit BCUn is communicated with the upper-level power conversion system PCSn through CAN / RS485 / Ethernet, the power conversion system PCS1 and the power conversion system PCSn are communicated with the monitoring system EMS through CAN / / RS485 / Ethernet, and, in the battery cluster, each second-level battery management unit BCU is communicated with the first-level battery management units BMU1-BMUn through the CAN bus, and each first-level battery management unit BMU is connected to the AFE.

[0056] like Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 The clusters are cascaded to form a master-slave parallel management mode, including the master BCU (BCU-master) and the slave BCU (BCUn). The master BCU and the slave BCU communicate through the CAN bus. The master BCU (BCU-master) communicates with the power conversion system PCS1 through CAN / RS485 / Ethernet, and the power conversion system PCS1 communicates with the monitoring system EMS through CAN / RS485 / Ethernet. At the same time, in each cluster, each second-level battery management unit BCU communicates with the first-level battery management unit BMU1-BMUn through the CAN bus, and each first-level battery management unit BMU is connected to the AFE.

[0057] The battery management system of the three-level BMS network structure includes multiple first-level battery management units, multiple second-level battery management units and at least one third-level battery management unit. Figure 6 As shown, taking multiple first-level battery management units BMU, multiple second-level battery management units BCU1-BCUn, and one third-level battery management unit BAMS as an example, the multiple second-level battery management units BCU1-BCUn are respectively communicatively connected to the third-level battery management unit BAMS through the CAN bus, the third-level battery management unit BAMS is communicatively connected to the power conversion system PCS1 through CAN / RS485 / Ethernet, and the power conversion system PCS1 is communicatively connected to the monitoring system EMS through CAN / RS485 / Ethernet.

[0058] The battery management system data management method and device provided in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to the battery management system. It is understandable that the battery management system is provided with a controller as the main control center, which can back up the key data in the operation process of the battery management system BMS in redundant storage units at different spatial locations of the battery management system BMS, so as to solve the problem of key data loss caused by damage to the electronic control board due to physical, electrical and other reasons.

[0059] See also Figure 7 , Figure 7 The flowchart of the battery management system data management method provided in the embodiment of the present application is as follows. The method can be executed by a controller in the battery management system, such as Figure 7 As shown, the method includes:

[0060] 701: Obtain the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit.

[0061] The data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit BMU is the key data of the battery module, similar to the above-mentioned key data, such as the power, voltage, temperature of the battery module, or some related battery module status parameters that need to be counted in case of emergencies. When obtaining the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit, it will be obtained according to the specific battery management system structure.

[0062] When the battery management system BMS is a first-level BMS network structure, obtaining the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit means obtaining the key data of a single battery module or multiple battery modules themselves as the data to be backed up.

[0063] When the battery management system BMS is a secondary BMS network structure, the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit is obtained. The first-level battery management unit BMU can periodically upload the data to be backed up, or the second-level battery management unit BCU can periodically collect the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit BMU.

[0064] When the battery management system BMS is a three-level BMS network structure, the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit is obtained. The second-level battery management unit BCU, which is similar to the two-level BMS network structure, periodically collects the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit BMU through rotation training, or the first battery management unit BMU transfers the data to be backed up to the third-level battery management unit BAMS through the second-level battery management unit BCU.

[0065] 702: Obtain a connection relationship between the first-level battery management unit and the first battery management unit, wherein the first battery management unit includes at least one of the remaining first-level battery management units for obtaining battery module status parameters, the second-level battery management unit for obtaining battery cluster status parameters, and the third-level battery management unit for obtaining battery stack status parameters.

[0066] According to the network level division of the battery management system, the communication connection relationship between the battery management units in different battery management systems is different. The connection relationship between the first-level battery management unit and the first battery management unit is obtained, that is, it is determined whether the first-level battery management unit has a communication connection relationship with the first battery management unit, so as to determine the battery management unit where the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit may be stored.

[0067] The first battery management unit includes at least one of the remaining first-level battery management units for obtaining battery module status parameters, the second-level battery management unit for obtaining battery cluster status parameters, and the third-level battery management unit for obtaining battery stack status parameters. It should be noted that the remaining first-level battery management units are similar to the first-level battery management unit and are the other first-level battery management units among the multiple first-level battery management units except the first-level battery management unit that needs to back up key data.

[0068] In some embodiments, the first-level battery management unit is only communicatively connected to another first-level battery management unit, and the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit can be stored in another first-level battery management unit communicatively connected to it; for example, the first-level battery management unit is communicatively connected to another first-level battery management unit (the remaining first-level battery management units) and a second-level battery management unit, and the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit can be stored in another first-level battery management unit (the remaining first-level battery management units) and the second-level battery management unit.

[0069] 703: When the first-level battery management unit is in communication connection with at least one of the first battery management units, store the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit in the first battery management unit.

[0070] After the connection relationship between the first-level battery management unit and the first battery management unit is confirmed, the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit is stored in the first battery management unit which is communicatively connected to the first-level battery management unit.

[0071] In some of the embodiments, when the battery management system is a first-level BMS network structure, the battery management system includes multiple first-level battery management units, and the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit is stored in the first battery management unit, including: storing the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit in the first-level battery management unit, or storing the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit in the first-level battery management unit and the remaining first-level battery management units that are communicatively connected to the first-level battery management unit.

[0072] Specifically, Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first-level BMS network structure without cascade mode. Figure 2 In the embodiment, there is no communication connection relationship between the first-level battery management unit BMU1 and the first-level battery management unit BMUn, and the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit BMU1 or the first-level battery management unit BMUn is directly stored in itself, specifically in the manner of FIG8 , as shown in FIG8 , Figure 8a In the case where the battery management system includes a single battery module or multiple battery modules have no interaction relationship, on a single PCBA, the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit is backed up by using the area division of a single storage chip, and the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit is stored in itself, that is, stored in the first-level battery management unit. The single storage chip of the first-level BMS network structure can be divided into areas to store the data to be backed up, such as KEY DATA ZONE1 and KEY DATA ZONE2, which can be used to store the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit. Figure 8b In the single PCBA, multiple storage chips are included, namely, two FLASH / EEPROMs, which can store the backup data of the first-level battery management unit in the FLASH / EEPROMs.

[0073] like Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the cascading mode of the first-level BMS network structure. When backing up the key data of the main BMU (BMU-master), the data to be backed up of the main BMU (BMU-master) is stored in the main BMU (BMU-master) itself, and the data to be backed up of the main BMU (BMU-master) can also be stored in the slave BMU (BMUn) that is connected to the main BMU (BMU-master) in communication.

[0074] Furthermore, if Fig. 9As shown, the first-level battery management unit BMU1, BMU2, and BMU3 of the plurality of battery modules are included. The first-level battery management units BMU1, BMU2, and BMU3 communicate with each other via CAN / RS485 / Ethernet. Then, the data to be backed up of any first-level battery management unit BMU1 can be stored in the other first-level battery management units BMU1 that are communicatively connected thereto. For example, in the first-level battery management unit BMU1, the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit BMU1 is stored in the BMU1 DATA area of ​​the first-level battery management unit BMU2 and the BMU1 DATA area of ​​the first-level battery management unit BMU3, the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit BMU2 is stored in the BMU2DATA area of ​​the first-level battery management unit BMU1 and the BMU2 DATA area of ​​the first-level battery management unit BMU3, and the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit BMU3 is stored in the BMU3 DATA area of ​​the first-level battery management unit BMU1 and the BMU3 DATA area of ​​the first-level battery management unit BMU2.

[0075] In this embodiment, for the first-level BMS network structure cascade mode, the key data of the first-level battery management unit is stored in the remaining first-level battery management units that are communicatively connected to it, effectively utilizing the redundant storage units in the battery management unit, improving the utilization rate of the overall storage resources, and effectively reducing the probability of key data loss due to the failure of a certain electronic control board.

[0076] In some embodiments, the battery management system includes multiple first-level battery management units and at least one second-level battery management unit, and the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit is stored in the first battery management unit, including: storing the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit in the second-level battery management unit.

[0077] Specifically, the battery management system includes multiple first-level battery management units and at least one second-level battery management unit, that is, when the battery management system is a secondary BMS network structure, the secondary BMS network structure includes a non-cascade mode and a cascade mode of the secondary BMS network structure, such as Figure 4 It is a non-cascade mode of the secondary BMS network structure. Figure 4In the non-cascaded mode of the secondary BMS network structure, the management of a single battery cluster or multiple battery clusters is included. A single battery cluster includes multiple battery modules connected in series and is managed by the second-level battery management unit BCU. When backing up the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit BMU in the non-cascaded mode of the secondary BMS network structure, since a single battery cluster is composed of a second-level battery management unit BCU and multiple first-level battery management units BMU, the first-level battery management unit BMU can be stored in the first-level battery management unit BMU itself, or in the second-level battery management unit BCU connected to it for communication, such as Fig.10 As shown, the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit BMU is stored in the BMU DATA area of ​​the second-level battery management unit BCU.

[0078] When the secondary BMS network structure is a multi-cluster system, and there is no communication connection between the second-level battery management units BCU in the multi-cluster system, such as Figure 4 As shown in the figure, each battery cluster is managed independently and communicates with the PCS independently. The upper layer EMS schedules the system management, and there is no interaction between the battery clusters. When backing up the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit BMU in the non-cascade mode of the secondary BMS network structure, since there is no interaction between the battery clusters, the above-mentioned single cluster backup method can be used, such as Fig.10 As shown, the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit BMU is stored in the BMU DATA area of ​​the second-level battery management unit BCU.

[0079] like Figure 5 As shown in the figure, when the secondary BMS network structure is a multi-cluster system, and the clusters are cascaded to form a master-slave parallel management mode, a single cluster backup mode can also be used, such as Fig.10 As shown, the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit BMU is stored in the BMU DATA area of ​​the second-level battery management unit BCU.

[0080] It is understandable that, in the secondary BMS network structure, the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit BMU can also be stored in its own BMU DATA area.

[0081] In this embodiment, for the secondary BMS network structure, the key data of the first-level battery management unit is stored in the remaining second-level battery management units that are communicatively connected to it, effectively utilizing the redundant storage units in the battery management unit, improving the utilization rate of the overall storage resources, and effectively reducing the probability of key data loss due to the failure of a certain electronic control board.

[0082] In some embodiments, the battery management system includes multiple first-level battery management units, multiple second-level battery management units and at least one third-level battery management unit, and the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit is stored in the first battery management unit, including: storing the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit in the second-level battery management unit, and / or storing the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit in the third-level battery management unit.

[0083] Specifically, when the battery management system includes multiple first-level battery management units, multiple second-level battery management units and at least one third-level battery management unit, the battery management system is a three-level BMS network structure. In the three-level BMS network structure, when backing up the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit, the backup mechanism of the single cluster system of the secondary network can be adopted to store the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit BMU on the second-level battery management unit BCU that is communicatively connected thereto, such as Fig.10 As shown, the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit BMU is stored in the BMU DATA area of ​​the second-level battery management unit BCU.

[0084] Furthermore, when the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit is backed up in the case where the battery management system is a three-level BMS network structure, the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit BMU can be stored in the third-level battery management unit BAMS. Specifically, Fig.11 As shown, the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit BMU is transferred through the second-level battery management unit BCU and sent to the BMU DATA area of ​​the third-level battery management unit BAMS, and the third-level management unit BAMS supports the first-level battery management unit BMU to actively report, or the third-level management unit BAMS actively collects the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit BMU through rotation training.

[0085] In this embodiment, for the three-level BMS network structure, the key data of the first-level battery management unit is transferred and stored in the third-level battery management unit, which effectively utilizes the redundant storage units in the battery management unit, improves the utilization rate of the overall storage resources, and effectively reduces the probability of key data loss due to the failure of a certain electronic control board.

[0086] In the embodiments of the present application, the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit is stored in the first-level battery management unit itself, the first-level battery management unit and the second-level battery management unit that are in communication with it, and uploaded to the third-level battery management unit according to the characteristics of different battery management systems, thereby effectively reducing the risk of key data loss due to damage to the electronic control board due to physical, electrical and other reasons, providing a data backup mechanism for energy storage system troubleshooting and system recovery, fully integrating and utilizing scattered storage resources, and effectively improving the overall storage resource utilization rate.

[0087] In the battery management system BMS, in addition to the backup data of the first-level battery management unit BMU, if there is a second-level battery management unit BCU, the backup data of the second-level battery management unit BCU also needs to be backed up. It can be understood that the backup data of the second-level battery management unit BCU is also the key data of the second-level battery management unit BCU.

[0088] In some embodiments, such as Fig.12 As shown, when backing up the data to be backed up of the second-level battery management unit BCU, the method further includes:

[0089] 1201: Acquire the data to be backed up of the second-level battery management unit;

[0090] 1202: Obtain a connection relationship between the second-level battery management unit and the second remaining battery management units, wherein the second battery management unit includes at least one of the first-level battery management unit for obtaining battery module status parameters, the remaining second-level battery management units for obtaining battery cluster status parameters, and the third-level battery management unit;

[0091] 1203: When the second-level battery management unit is in communication connection with at least one of the second battery management units, store the data to be backed up of the second-level battery management unit in the second battery management unit.

[0092] Specifically, when backing up the data to be backed up of the second-level battery management unit BCU, the data to be backed up of the second-level battery management unit BCU is obtained, and the connection relationship between the second-level battery management unit and the second battery management unit is obtained, wherein the second battery management unit includes at least one of the first-level battery management unit for obtaining battery module status parameters, the remaining second-level battery management units for obtaining battery cluster status parameters, and the third-level battery management unit. When the second-level battery management unit is in communication connection with at least one of the remaining battery management units, the data to be backed up of the second-level battery management unit is stored in the remaining battery management units.

[0093] It is understandable that the second battery management unit is similar to the first battery management unit, except that the remaining second-level battery management units in the second battery management unit are the remaining second-level battery management units among the multiple second-level battery management units except the second-level battery management unit that needs to back up key data.

[0094] In some of the embodiments, when the battery management system includes multiple first-level battery management units and at least one second-level battery management unit, that is, the battery management system BMS is a secondary BMS network structure, the data to be backed up of the second-level battery management unit is stored in the second battery management unit, including: storing the data to be backed up of the second-level battery management unit in the first-level battery management unit that is communicatively connected to the second-level battery management unit, and / or storing the data to be backed up of the second-level battery management unit in the remaining second-level battery management units that are communicatively connected to the second-level battery management unit, wherein the multiple second-level battery management units are communicatively connected.

[0095] like Figure 4 As shown, in the non-cascade mode of the secondary BMS network, such as a single cluster system, the backup data of the second-level battery management unit BCU can be stored in the second-level battery management unit BCU itself; and the second-level battery management unit BCU is connected to the first-level battery management unit BMU for communication, then the second-level battery management unit BCU can periodically write the backup data of the second-level battery management unit BCU to one or more first-level battery management units BMU connected to it for communication, and the following method can be used: Fig.10 In the manner shown, the data to be backed up of the second-level battery management unit BCU is written into the BCU DATA area of ​​the first-level battery management unit BMU, thereby realizing the storage of the data to be backed up of the second-level battery management unit BCU.

[0096] like Figure 4 As shown, in the non-cascade mode of the secondary BMS network, if there is no communication between the second-level battery management units BCU of each cluster in the multi-cluster system, the following can also be used Fig.10 The backup mechanism writes the data to be backed up of the second-level battery management unit BCU into the BCU DATA area of ​​the first-level battery management unit BMU, thereby realizing the storage of the data to be backed up of the second-level battery management unit BCU.

[0097] like Figure 5 As shown, in the cascade mode of the secondary BMS network, if the second-level battery management units BCU of each cluster in the multi-cluster system have communication connections, the following can be used Fig.10The backup mechanism can also be based on the periodic broadcast of each second-level battery management unit BCU on the cascade network, or under the scheduling of the main BCU, the backup data of the second-level battery management unit BCU is sent to the network, and the remaining second-level battery management units BCU are backed up. Fig.13 As shown, the data to be backed up of the second-level battery management unit BCU1 is stored in the BCU1 DATA area of ​​the second-level battery management unit BCU2 and the BCU1 DATA area of ​​the second-level battery management unit BCU3, the data to be backed up of the second-level battery management unit BCU2 is stored in the BCU2 DATA area of ​​the second-level battery management unit BCU1 and the BCU2DATA area of ​​the second-level battery management unit BCU3, and the data to be backed up of the second-level battery management unit BCU3 is stored in the BCU3DATA area of ​​the second-level battery management unit BCU1 and the BCU3 DATA area of ​​the second-level battery management unit BCU2.

[0098] Optionally, when the battery management system includes multiple first-level battery management units, multiple second-level battery management units and at least one third-level battery management unit, the data to be backed up of the second-level battery management unit is stored in the second battery management unit, including: storing the data to be backed up of the second-level battery management unit in the first-level battery management unit, and / or storing the data to be backed up of the second-level battery management unit in a third-level battery management unit communicatively connected to the second-level battery management unit, and / or storing the data to be backed up of the second-level battery management unit in the remaining second-level battery management units communicatively connected to the second-level battery management unit.

[0099] Specifically, when the battery management system includes multiple first-level battery management units, multiple second-level battery management units and at least one third-level battery management unit, the battery management system BMS is a three-level BMS network structure, and there are three ways to store the backup data of the second-level battery management unit BCU. The three ways are:

[0100] Method 1: You can use Fig.10 The backup mechanism stores the data to be backed up of the second-level battery management unit BCU in the BCU DATA area of ​​the first-level battery management unit BMU that is communicatively connected thereto.

[0101] Method 2 is: Fig.14 As shown, the second-level battery management unit BCU periodically uploads, or when the third-level battery management unit BAMS periodically collects and trains, it uploads its own data to be backed up, and stores it on the third-level battery management unit BAMS, in the BCU DATA area of ​​the third-level battery management unit BAMS.

[0102] Mode 3 is: the third-level battery management unit BAMS periodically sends BCU data backup instructions, and each second-level battery management unit BCU actively broadcasts, such as Fig.13 As shown, the second-level battery management unit BCU2 and the second-level battery management unit BCU3 actively back up the data to be backed up of the second-level battery management unit BCU1, that is, the second-level battery management unit BCU2 actively stores the data to be backed up of the second-level battery management unit BCU1 in its own BCU1 DATA area, and the second-level battery management unit BCU3 actively stores the data to be backed up of the second-level battery management unit BCU1 in its own BCU1 DATA area. The storage method of the data to be backed up of the second-level battery management unit BCU2 and the second-level battery management unit BCU3 is similar to the storage method of the data to be backed up of the second-level battery management unit BCU1.

[0103] In the battery management system BMS, in addition to the backup data of the first-level battery management unit BMU and the backup data of the second-level battery management unit BCU, if there is a third-level battery management unit BAMS, the backup data of the third-level battery management unit BAMS also needs to be backed up. It can be understood that the backup data of the third-level battery management unit BAMS is also the key data of the third-level battery management unit BAMS.

[0104] In some embodiments, such as Fig.15 As shown, the method also includes:

[0105] 1501: Obtain the data to be backed up of the third-level battery management unit;

[0106] 1502: Obtain a connection relationship between the third-level battery management unit and a third battery management unit, wherein the third battery management unit includes at least one of the first-level battery management unit, the second-level battery management unit, and the remaining third-level battery management units for obtaining battery stack state parameters;

[0107] 1503: When the third-level battery management unit is in communication connection with at least one of the third battery management units, store the data to be backed up of the third-level battery management unit in the third battery management unit.

[0108] Specifically, only a three-level BMS network will need to back up the data to be backed up of the third-level battery management unit BAMS, and the battery management system includes multiple first-level battery management units, multiple second-level battery management units and at least one third-level battery management unit. When the battery management system is a three-level BMS network structure, the data to be backed up of the third-level battery management unit is stored in the third battery management unit, including: storing the data to be backed up of the third-level battery management unit in the second-level battery management unit, and / or storing the data to be backed up of the third-level battery management unit in the first-level battery management unit through the second-level battery management unit.

[0109] It can be understood that the third battery management unit is similar to the first battery management unit or the second battery management unit, except that the remaining third-level battery management units in the third battery management unit are the remaining third-level battery management units among multiple third-level battery management units except the third-level battery management unit that needs to back up key data.

[0110] Specifically, Fig.14 As shown, the data to be backed up of the third-level battery management unit BAMS is periodically written into the BAMS DATA area in each second-level battery management unit BCU, and / or, as shown Fig.11 As shown, the data to be backed up of the third-level battery management unit BAMS is periodically forwarded through the second-level battery management unit BCU and written into the BAMS DATA area of ​​the first-level battery management unit BMU.

[0111] By backing up the data to be backed up of the third-level battery management unit BAMS in other redundant storage units (including the second-level battery management unit, and / or the first-level battery management unit), the risk of loss of key data of the third-level battery management unit BAMS is reduced.

[0112] Correspondingly, such as Fig.16 As shown, the embodiment of the present application further provides a battery management system data management device, which can be used in a battery management system. The battery management system data management device 1600 includes:

[0113] A first data acquisition module 1601 is used to acquire the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit;

[0114] A first connection relationship acquisition module 1602, used to acquire a connection relationship between the first-level battery management unit and a first battery management unit, wherein the first battery management unit includes at least one of a first-level battery management unit for acquiring battery module state parameters, a second-level battery management unit for acquiring battery cluster state parameters, and a third-level battery management unit for acquiring battery stack state parameters;

[0115] The first backup module 1603 is configured to store the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit in the first battery management unit when the first-level battery management unit is in communication connection with at least one of the first battery management units.

[0116] In the embodiment of the present application, according to the characteristics of the battery management system, the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit is stored in redundant first battery management units at different locations, thereby effectively reducing the risk of key data loss due to damage to the electronic control board due to physical, electrical and other reasons, and providing a data backup mechanism for energy storage system troubleshooting and system recovery operation, fully integrating and utilizing scattered storage resources, and effectively improving the overall storage resource utilization rate.

[0117] In other embodiments, the battery management system data management device 1600 further includes:

[0118] A second data acquisition module 1604, used to acquire the data to be backed up of the second-level battery management unit;

[0119] A second connection relationship acquisition module 1605, used to acquire a connection relationship between the second-level battery management unit and the second battery management unit;

[0120] The second backup module 1606 is configured to store the data to be backed up of the second-level battery management unit in the second battery management unit when the second-level battery management unit is in communication connection with at least one of the second battery management units.

[0121] In other embodiments, the battery management system data management device 1600 further includes:

[0122] A third data acquisition module 1607, used to acquire the data to be backed up of the third-level battery management unit;

[0123] A third connection relationship acquisition module 1608, used to acquire the connection relationship between the third-level battery management unit and the third battery management unit;

[0124] The third backup module 1609 is used to store the to-be-backed-up data of the third-level battery management unit in the third battery management unit when the third-level battery management unit is in communication connection with at least one of the third battery management units.

[0125] In some of the embodiments, the battery management system includes multiple first-level battery management units, and the first backup module 1603 is also used to: store the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit on the first-level battery management unit, or store the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit on the first-level battery management unit and the remaining first-level battery management units that are communicatively connected to the first-level battery management unit.

[0126] In some embodiments, the battery management system includes a plurality of first-level battery management units and at least one second-level battery management unit, and the first backup module 1603 is further used to: store the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit in the second-level battery management unit that is communicatively connected to the first-level battery management unit;

[0127] The second backup module 1606 is further configured to: store the data to be backed up of the second-level battery management unit in the first-level battery management unit that is communicatively connected to the second-level battery management unit, and / or store the data to be backed up of the second-level battery management unit in the remaining second-level battery management units that are communicatively connected to the second-level battery management unit. The plurality of second-level battery management units are communicatively connected to each other.

[0128] In some embodiments, the battery management system includes multiple first-level battery management units, multiple second-level battery management units and at least one third-level battery management unit, then the first backup module 1603 is further used to: store the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit in a second-level battery management unit that is communicatively connected to the first-level battery management unit, and / or store the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit in a third-level battery management unit;

[0129] The second backup module 1606 is further configured to: store the data to be backed up of the second-level battery management unit in the first-level battery management unit, and / or store the data to be backed up of the second-level battery management unit in the third-level battery management unit communicatively connected to the second-level battery management unit, and / or store the data to be backed up of the second-level battery management unit in the remaining second-level battery management units communicatively connected to the second-level battery management unit;

[0130] The third backup module 1609 is further used to: store the data to be backed up of the third-level battery management unit to the second-level battery management unit, and / or store the data to be backed up of the third-level battery management unit to the first-level battery management unit through the second-level battery management unit.

[0131] It should be noted that the above device can execute the method provided in the embodiment of the present application, and has the functional modules and beneficial effects corresponding to the execution method. For technical details not fully described in the device embodiment, please refer to the method provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0132] Fig.17 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a controller in an embodiment of a battery management system. Fig.17 As shown, the controller includes:

[0133] One or more processors 171 and memory 172 . Fig.17 In the figure, a processor 171 and a memory 172 are taken as an example.

[0134] The processor 171 and the memory 172 may be connected via a bus or other means. Fig.17 The example of connecting through bus is taken in the following.

[0135] The memory 172 is a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium that can be used to store non-volatile software programs, non-volatile computer executable programs and modules, such as the program instructions / modules corresponding to the battery management system data management method in the embodiment of the present application (for example, the attached Fig.16 The processor 171 executes various functional applications and data processing of the controller by running the non-volatile software programs, instructions and modules stored in the memory 172, that is, the battery management system data management method of the above method embodiment is implemented.

[0136] The memory 172 may include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area may store an operating system and applications required for at least one function; the data storage area may store data created according to the use of the battery management system data management device, etc. In addition, the memory 172 may include a high-speed random access memory, and may also include a non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device, a flash memory device, or other non-volatile solid-state storage device. In some embodiments, the memory 172 may optionally include a memory remotely arranged relative to the processor 171, and these remote memories may be connected to the battery management system via a network. Examples of the above-mentioned network include, but are not limited to, the Internet, an intranet, a local area network, a mobile communication network, and combinations thereof.

[0137] The one or more modules are stored in the memory 172, and when executed by the one or more processors 171, the battery management system data management method in any of the above method embodiments is executed, for example, the battery management system data management method described above is executed. Figure 7 Method steps 701 to 703 in; implement Fig.12 Method steps 1201-1203, Fig.15 The functions of method steps 1501-1503 in.

[0138] The above-mentioned product can execute the method provided in the embodiment of the present application, and has the functional modules and beneficial effects corresponding to the execution method. For technical details not fully described in this embodiment, please refer to the method provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0139] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative, wherein the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0140] Through the description of the above embodiments, a person of ordinary skill in the art can clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus a general hardware platform, or of course by hardware. A person of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the above embodiment methods can be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program, and the program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when the program is executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above methods. Among them, the storage medium can be a disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory (ROM) or a random access memory (RAM), etc.

[0141] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Under the concept of the present application, the technical features in the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other changes in different aspects of the present application as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of simplicity. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, a person of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments can still be modified, or some of the technical features can be replaced by equivalents. These modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A battery management system data management method, characterized in that: The method comprises: Obtaining the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit; Acquire a connection relationship between the first-level battery management unit and the first battery management unit, wherein the first battery management unit includes at least one of the remaining first-level battery management units, the second-level battery management unit, and the third-level battery management unit; Wherein, the first-level battery management unit is used to obtain battery module status parameters, the second-level battery management unit is used to obtain battery cluster status parameters, the second-level battery management unit is an electronic device that provides communication between the battery system and other components, and the third-level battery management unit is used to obtain battery stack status parameters; one battery cluster includes a plurality of battery modules, and one battery stack includes a plurality of battery clusters; one second-level battery management unit is used to manage one battery cluster, and one third-level battery management unit is used to manage one battery stack; When the first-level battery management unit is communicatively connected with the first battery management unit, the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit is stored in the first battery management unit, thereby storing the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit in the first battery management unit at different positions, wherein the second-level battery management unit communicates with the first-level battery management unit via CAN / RS485 / Ethernet, and stores the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit in the second-level battery management unit.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method further comprises: Obtaining the data to be backed up of the second-level battery management unit; Acquire a connection relationship between the second-level battery management unit and a second battery management unit, wherein the second battery management unit includes at least one of the first-level battery management unit, the remaining second-level battery management units and the third-level battery management unit; When the second-level battery management unit is in communication connection with the second battery management unit, the data to be backed up of the second-level battery management unit is stored in the second battery management unit.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The method further comprises: Acquiring the data to be backed up of the third-level battery management unit; Acquire a connection relationship between the third-level battery management unit and a third battery management unit, wherein the third battery management unit includes at least one of the first-level battery management unit, the second-level battery management unit and the remaining third-level battery management units; When the third-level battery management unit is in communication connection with the third battery management unit, the data to be backed up of the third-level battery management unit is stored in the third battery management unit.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery management system includes a plurality of first-level battery management units, and storing the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management units in the first battery management units includes: The data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit is stored in the first-level battery management unit, or the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit is stored in the first-level battery management unit and the remaining first-level battery management units.

5. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The battery management system includes a plurality of first-level battery management units and at least one second-level battery management unit, and storing the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit in the first battery management unit includes: storing the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit to the second-level battery management unit; The method of storing the data to be backed up of the second-level battery management unit in the second battery management unit includes: The data to be backed up of the second-level battery management unit is stored in the first-level battery management unit, and / or the data to be backed up of the second-level battery management unit is stored in the remaining second-level battery management units, wherein the plurality of second-level battery management units are communicatively connected.

6. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The battery management system includes a plurality of first-level battery management units, a plurality of second-level battery management units and at least one third-level battery management unit, and storing the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit in the first battery management unit includes: Storing the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit in the second-level battery management unit, and / or storing the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit in the third-level battery management unit; The method of storing the data to be backed up of the second-level battery management unit in the second battery management unit includes: storing the data to be backed up of the second-level battery management unit on the first-level battery management unit, and / or storing the data to be backed up of the second-level battery management unit on the third-level battery management unit, and / or storing the data to be backed up of the second-level battery management unit on the remaining second-level battery management units; The method further comprises: storing the data to be backed up of the third-level battery management unit in the third battery management unit, comprising: The data to be backed up of the third-level battery management unit is stored in the second-level battery management unit, and / or the data to be backed up of the third-level battery management unit is stored in the first-level battery management unit through the second-level battery management unit.

7. A battery management system data management device, characterized in that: The device comprises: A first data acquisition module, used to acquire the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit; A first connection relationship acquisition module, used to acquire a connection relationship between the first-level battery management unit and a first battery management unit, wherein the first battery management unit includes at least one of the remaining first-level battery management units, the second-level battery management unit and the third-level battery management unit; Wherein, the first-level battery management unit is used to obtain battery module status parameters, the second-level battery management unit is used to obtain battery cluster status parameters, the second-level battery management unit is an electronic device that provides communication between the battery system and other components, and the third-level battery management unit is used to obtain battery stack status parameters; one battery cluster includes a plurality of battery modules, and one battery stack includes a plurality of battery clusters; one second-level battery management unit is used to manage one battery cluster, and one third-level battery management unit is used to manage one battery stack; The first backup module is used to store the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit on the first battery management unit when the first-level battery management unit is communicatively connected with the first battery management unit, thereby storing the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit on the first battery management unit at different positions, wherein the second-level battery management unit communicates with the first-level battery management unit via CAN / RS485 / Ethernet, and stores the data to be backed up of the first-level battery management unit on the second-level battery management unit.

8. A battery management system, characterized in that: The battery management system comprises: at least one processor, and A memory, the memory is communicatively connected to the processor, the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, the instructions are executed by the at least one processor to enable the battery management system to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A battery pack, characterized in that: It comprises a battery module and a battery management system as claimed in claim 8.

10. An electrical device, comprising a load, characterized in that: It also includes the battery pack as claimed in claim 9, wherein the battery pack supplies power to the load.

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