A potato seed potato artificial automatic cutting machine and cutting method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a potato seed potato artificial imitation automatic block cutting machine and a block cutting method, wherein the potato seed potato artificial imitation automatic block cutting machine comprises a frame, a transparent upper support plate, a cutter located above the upper support plate, a first driving device driving the cutter to move vertically, and a second driving device driving the cutter to rotate around a vertical axis are installed on the frame, an upper image acquisition device is also provided above the upper support plate, and a lower image acquisition device is provided below the upper support plate. The present invention can identify the position of the bud eye, avoid cutting the bud eye, and make each seed potato block after cutting have one or two bud eyes, thereby improving the germination rate and utilization rate of the seed potato, thereby increasing the potato yield; an embedded microcontroller, a ball screw, a synchronous belt and a cylinder are used to control the movement of the cutter shaft, so as to achieve artificial block cutting, and the machine is reliable, durable and has a long service life; a cylinder is used to drive the cutter shaft to simulate the manual block cutting work, so the cutting force is large and the block cutting is easy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery and equipment, and in particular to a potato seed potato imitating manual automatic dicing machine and a dicing method. Background Art

[0002] Potatoes reproduce asexually through tubers. Each potato has many buds, and each bud becomes an independent plant after planting. If multiple plants are crowded together, it will not only affect the yield and quality of potatoes, but also cause a lot of seed waste and increase production costs. Therefore, before sowing every year, the seed potatoes must be cut into pieces, the cut pieces must be cultivated, and then the cultivated pieces must be sown in the field.

[0003] Traditional manual cutting is inefficient and labor-intensive. The existing automatic potato seed potato cutting machines on the market do not have the function of identifying the buds, so the buds are easily cut during the cutting process, resulting in a huge waste of potato seed potatoes. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a potato seed potato artificial imitation automatic dicing machine and dicing method, which can automatically identify the position of the potato seed potato bud eyes, prevent the bud eyes from being cut during the seed potato dicing process, and greatly improve the utilization rate of the seed potatoes.

[0005] The present invention is achieved through the following technical scheme, which provides a potato seed potato artificial automatic dicing machine, including a frame, on which a transparent upper support plate, a cutter located above the upper support plate, a first drive device for driving the cutter to move vertically, and a second drive device for driving the cutter to rotate around a vertical axis are installed, an upper image acquisition device arranged downward is also provided above the upper support plate, and a lower image acquisition device opposite to the upper image acquisition device is provided below the upper support plate; the first drive device, the second drive device, the upper image acquisition device and the lower image acquisition device are all electrically connected to a controller.

[0006] When the present solution is in use, seed potatoes are placed on an upper support plate, and the upper and lower image acquisition devices are used to identify the eyes on the front and back of the seed potatoes, and the eye data is transmitted to a controller. The controller controls the second drive device to operate according to the received eye data, so that the cutter shaft rotates a certain angle, so that the cutter is staggered from the eyes, and then controls the first drive device to operate, driving the cutter to move downward, thereby completing the cutting action.

[0007] As an optimization, the first driving device includes a cutter shaft fixedly connected to the cutter, and a cylinder driving the cutter shaft to move vertically. This optimization scheme uses a cylinder to drive the cutter to move up and down to complete the cutting action, which is fast and improves the flexibility of the cutting action. By setting the cutter shaft, it is convenient for the cylinder to transmit force to the cutter.

[0008] As an optimization, the upper image acquisition device is located at the lower end face of the cutter shaft, and a cutter is provided below the upper image acquisition device. This optimization scheme can cut the seed potatoes multiple times by providing a cutter, and cut the seed potatoes into multiple pieces, while ensuring the stability of the seed potatoes, preventing the seed potatoes from rolling during the cutting process, and achieving artificial cutting; the upper image acquisition device is provided at the lower end face of the cutter shaft, which facilitates the controller to calculate the positional relationship between the bud eye and the cutter.

[0009] As an optimization, the second driving device includes a driven pulley coaxially fixed to the cutter shaft, and a synchronous belt motor connected to the driven pulley through a synchronous belt drive, and the cutter shaft and the piston rod of the cylinder are rotatably connected through a linear bearing. This solution realizes the rotation of the cutter shaft through a synchronous belt drive, and has a simple structure. By setting a linear bearing, the piston rod of the cylinder and the cutter shaft are relatively rotated, which prevents the cylinder piston rod from rotating with the cutter shaft, thereby extending the service life of the cylinder.

[0010] As an optimization, a bearing with a seat is also fixed on the frame, and a guide sleeve is fixed through the inner hole of the bearing with a seat, and the cutter shaft passes through the inner hole of the guide sleeve, and the cutter shaft and the guide sleeve are relatively fixed in the circumferential direction and relatively slidable in the axial direction, and the guide sleeve passes downward to the inner hole of the driven pulley and is fixedly connected to the driven pulley. This optimization scheme improves the stability of the cutter shaft by setting a bearing with a seat and a guide sleeve, prevents the cutter shaft from swinging greatly, and uses the guide sleeve to support the driven pulley, as well as the relative sliding of the cutter shaft, the bearing with a seat, and the driven pulley, and the cutter shaft and the guide sleeve are connected by a key.

[0011] As an optimization, the frame includes a base, an upper bracket slidingly connected to the base in a transverse direction, and a third driving device driving the upper bracket to move in a transverse direction, the upper support plate is fixed on the base, the first driving device and the second driving device are both installed on the upper bracket, and the third driving device is electrically connected to the controller. The setting of this optimization scheme allows the cutter to move in a transverse direction with the upper bracket, so that the cutting position is more reasonable.

[0012] As an optimization, the upper surface of the upper support plate is provided with mutually perpendicular position marking lines, through which the position of the seed potato, the position of the bud eye, the displacement length of the ball screw and the rotation angle of the synchronous belt can be determined, thus ensuring the accuracy of the cutting.

[0013] The present invention also provides a method for artificially cutting potato seed potatoes, comprising the following steps:

[0014] 1. The seed potatoes are conveyed to the upper support plate by the feeding mechanism, and the seed potatoes are located within the image acquisition range of the upper image acquisition device and the lower image acquisition device;

[0015] 2. Capture images of seed potatoes through the upper image acquisition device and the lower image acquisition device to obtain the distribution of buds on the front and back sides of the seed potatoes, and transmit the bud data to the controller. The controller controls the stepper motor driver to work according to the received bud data. The stepper motor driver drives the ball screw motor and the synchronous belt motor to work. The synchronous belt motor drives the cutter to rotate, and the ball screw motor drives the upper bracket to move, so that the cutter is at a suitable angle and position to ensure that each seed potato block after cutting has one or two buds.

[0016] 3. The cylinder piston rod extends, driving the cutter to move downward, cutting the seed potatoes and completing the cutting work;

[0017] 4. After the cutting work is completed, the cylinder piston rod is retracted.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0019] 1. It can identify the position of the buds, avoid cutting the buds, and make each piece of seed potato have one or two buds after cutting, which improves the germination rate and utilization rate of the seed potatoes, thereby increasing the potato yield;

[0020] 2. The embedded microcontroller, ball screw, synchronous belt and cylinder are used to control the movement of the cutter shaft, which can imitate manual cutting and is reliable, durable and has a long service life.

[0021] 3. The cylinder is used to drive the cutter shaft to imitate manual cutting, with strong cutting force and easy cutting. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a front view of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 A top view of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 is a side view of the upper bracket of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the seat bearing, guide sleeve and driven pulley;

[0027] As shown in the figure:

[0028] 1. Upper bracket, 2. Cylinder, 3. Piston rod, 4. Linear bearing, 5. Bearing with seat, 6. Driven pulley, 7. Synchronous belt, 8. Cutter shaft, 9. Ball screw mechanism, 10. Ball screw motor, 11. Cutter, 12. Position marking line, 13. Active pulley, 14. Synchronous belt motor, 15. Stepper motor driver, 16. Solenoid valve, 17. Air pump, 18. Controller, 19. Base, 20. Upper support plate, 21. Lower support plate, 22. Upper image acquisition device, 23. Lower image acquisition device, 24. Support frame, 25. Guide sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to clearly illustrate the technical features of this solution, this solution is described below through a specific implementation method.

[0030] like Figure 1 The present invention shows an artificial automatic potato seed potato dicing machine, comprising a frame, on which is mounted a transparent upper support plate 20, a cutter 11 located above the upper support plate, a first drive device for driving the cutter to move vertically, and a second drive device for driving the cutter to rotate around a vertical axis. The upper surface of the upper support plate is provided with mutually perpendicular position marking lines 12, through which the position of the seed potato, the position of the eye, the displacement length of the ball screw and the rotation angle of the synchronous belt can be determined, thereby ensuring the accuracy of dicing.

[0031] An upper image acquisition device 22 arranged downward is also provided above the upper support plate, and a lower image acquisition device 23 opposite to the upper image acquisition device 22 is provided below the upper support plate. The upper image acquisition device 22 and the lower image acquisition device 23 of this embodiment are both cameras, and the upper image acquisition device is located at the lower end surface of the cutter shaft, and a cutter is provided below the upper image acquisition device.

[0032] The frame includes a base 19, an upper bracket 1 that slides with the base in a transverse direction, and a third driving device that drives the upper bracket 1 to move in a transverse direction. The third driving device of this embodiment includes a ball screw mechanism 9 and a ball screw motor 10 that is transmission-connected to the ball screw mechanism. The ball screw mechanism and the ball screw motor are both installed on the base. The upper bracket is located above the base and is fixedly connected to the slider in the ball screw. The slidable length of the ball screw is equal to the side length of the upper support plate. The upper support plate is fixedly mounted on the base, and the first driving device and the second driving device are both mounted on the upper bracket. A lower support plate 21 for mounting a lower image acquisition device is fixedly mounted on the base. A ball screw is used to realize the movement of the upper bracket. The ball screw has high positioning accuracy and is suitable for work scenes with high precision requirements. At the same time, the ball screw has high mechanical efficiency, strong stability, and is relatively simple to repair and maintain.

[0033] The first driving device includes a cutter shaft 8 fixedly connected to the cutter, and a cylinder 2 that drives the cutter shaft to move vertically. The upper end of the cylinder body of the cylinder is fixedly connected to the upper bracket, and the piston rod 3 of the cylinder is vertically arranged downward. An air pump 17 is installed on the base, and an electromagnetic valve 16 is installed on the air supply pipeline between the air pump and the cylinder. The air pump is selected as the element of compressed air. The air pump is small in size, low in noise, low in power consumption, easy to operate, and simple to maintain. The electromagnetic valve is selected as the control element of the cylinder. It is very convenient to connect the cylinder with the embedded microcontroller. At the same time, the cylinder has a simple structure, is easy to install and maintain, has high safety, is sensitive to response, is low in price, and has a high cost performance. As a preferred solution, the cylinder of this embodiment adopts a mini cylinder, and the up and down movement of the cutter shaft is controlled by the mini cylinder. The mini cylinder is small in size, corrosion-resistant, high-temperature resistant, has low requirements on the installation personnel, has a large cutting force, and can better imitate the manual work of cutting potato seed potatoes.

[0034] The second driving device includes a driven pulley 6 coaxially fixed to the cutter shaft, and a synchronous belt motor 14 connected to the driven pulley through a synchronous belt 7. A support frame 24 for installing the synchronous belt motor is fixed on the base, and the support plate is welded to the base. The output shaft of the synchronous belt motor is fixed with a driving pulley 13, and the driving pulley and the driven pulley are connected through a synchronous belt transmission. The cutter shaft and the piston rod of the cylinder are rotatably connected through a linear bearing 4. When the synchronous belt motor drives the cutter shaft to rotate, the piston rod does not rotate with the cutter shaft to avoid damage to the cylinder. In addition, the linear bearing is small in size and high in precision, which can reduce friction and better transmit force. The synchronous belt is selected to realize the rotational movement of the cutter shaft. The synchronous belt has a fixed transmission ratio, high working efficiency, small size, simple maintenance, and small transmission error. It is suitable for work scenarios with high precision requirements.

[0035] The frame is also fixed with a seat bearing 5, and a guide sleeve 25 is fixed through the inner hole of the seat bearing. The outer circle of the guide sleeve is interference fit with the inner hole of the bearing. The cutter shaft passes through the inner hole of the guide sleeve, and the cutter shaft and the guide sleeve are relatively fixed in the circumferential direction and relatively slidable in the axial direction. Specifically, the cutter shaft and the guide sleeve are connected by splines, and the inner hole of the guide sleeve is provided with a keyway extending vertically. The cutter shaft is provided with a key block adapted to the keyway. The cutter shaft and the guide sleeve slide relatively vertically, and the guide sleeve drives the cutter shaft to rotate through the splines. The guide sleeve passes downward to the inner hole of the driven pulley and is fixedly connected to the driven pulley. Specifically, a connecting sleeve is coaxially arranged at one end of the driven pulley, and the inner diameter of the connecting sleeve is consistent with that of the driven pulley. A fastening bolt that pushes up to the guide sleeve is passed through the side wall of the connecting sleeve, and the fastening bolt is connected to the connecting sleeve by threads. In order to further improve the stability of the driven pulley, a hollow sleeve welded and fixed to the upper bracket is provided below the driven pulley. The lower end of the guide sleeve extends downward out of the driven pulley and passes through the inner hole of the hollow sleeve. The guide sleeve is connected to the hollow sleeve through a bearing.

[0036] The base is also equipped with an electrically connected controller 18 and a stepper motor driver 15, wherein the controller 18 is an embedded microcontroller, and the first drive device, the second drive device, the third drive device, the upper image acquisition device and the lower image acquisition device are all electrically connected to the controller 18. Specifically, the input end of the embedded microcontroller is connected to the upper image acquisition device 22 and the lower image acquisition device 23 through wires, and the information collected by the upper image acquisition device 22 and the lower image acquisition device 23 is transmitted to the embedded microcontroller as input information, and the output end of the embedded microcontroller is connected to the stepper motor driver 15 and the solenoid valve through wires; the stepper motor driver 15 is connected to the ball screw motor 10, and the stepper motor driver 15 is connected to the synchronous belt motor. The model selected for the ball screw motor 10 is a 57 two-phase stepper motor, and the model selected for the synchronous belt motor 14 is an 86 two-phase stepper motor, with a step angle of 1.8°, and is a two-phase stepper motor with a shaft diameter of 14mm, a keyway of 5mm, a body length of 101mm, and a shaft length of 33mm. The model of the solenoid valve 16 is 4V210-08. The stepper motor is selected as the driving element of the ball screw and the synchronous pulley. The stepper motor has a simple structure, a low price, a high cost performance, low requirements for debugging personnel, no error accumulation, and high sensitivity. When the seed potato reaches the center of the upper support plate, the upper camera and the lower camera will identify the buds on the front and back of the potato. The bud data is transmitted from the camera to the embedded microcontroller. The embedded microcontroller calculates the position of the seed potato, the bud position, the displacement length of the ball screw and the rotation angle of the synchronous belt by processing the image information; after the calculation is completed, the information is transmitted to the stepper motor driver and the solenoid valve, and the stepper motor driver controls the ball screw motor and the synchronous belt motor, and the solenoid valve controls the cylinder, and the synchronous belt motor drives the active pulley 13 to rotate to a suitable angle; the ball screw drives the upper bracket to move to a suitable position under the drive of the ball screw motor, and then the solenoid valve 16 controls the cylinder to drive the cutter and the cutter shaft to imitate manual work to complete the potato seed potato cutting work.

[0037] The embedded microcontroller, the air pump 17, the solenoid valve 16, the stepper motor driver 15, the ball screw motor 10, and the synchronous belt motor 14 are all powered by a power supply mechanism, which is a battery or an external power supply.

[0038] A method for artificially cutting seed potatoes using the cutting machine of this embodiment comprises the following steps:

[0039] 1. The seed potatoes are conveyed to the upper support plate by the feeding mechanism, and the seed potatoes are located within the image acquisition range of the upper image acquisition device and the lower image acquisition device;

[0040] 2. Capture images of the seed potatoes through the upper image acquisition device and the lower image acquisition device to obtain the distribution of the buds on the front and back sides of the seed potatoes, and transmit the bud data to the controller. The controller calculates the position of the seed potatoes, the bud position, the displacement length of the ball screw and the rotation angle of the synchronous belt by processing the image information; after the calculation is completed, the information is transmitted to the stepper motor driver and the solenoid valve. The stepper motor driver drives the ball screw motor and the synchronous belt motor to work, and the synchronous belt motor drives the cutter to rotate at a suitable angle. The ball screw motor drives the upper bracket to move so that the cutter is at a suitable angle and position to ensure that each seed potato block after cutting has one or two buds;

[0041] 3. The cylinder piston rod extends, driving the cutter to move downward, cutting the seed potatoes and completing the cutting work. Before cutting, the air pump should be turned on for three minutes to complete the preparation of compressed air;

[0042] 4. After the cutting work is completed, the cylinder piston rod is retracted.

[0043] Of course, the above description is not limited to the above examples. Technical features not described in the present invention can be achieved by or by using existing technologies, which will not be repeated here. The above embodiments and drawings are only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and are not limitations of the present invention. The present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred implementation methods. Ordinary technicians in this field should understand that changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by ordinary technicians in this technical field within the essential scope of the present invention do not depart from the purpose of the present invention, and should also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A potato seed potato automatic cutting machine imitating manual operation, comprising a frame, characterized in that: The frame is provided with a transparent upper support plate (20), a cutter (11) located above the upper support plate, a first drive device for driving the cutter to move vertically, and a second drive device for driving the cutter to rotate about a vertical axis; an upper image acquisition device (22) disposed downward is also provided above the upper support plate, and a lower image acquisition device (23) opposite to the upper image acquisition device (22) is provided below the upper support plate; The first driving device, the second driving device, the upper image acquisition device and the lower image acquisition device are all electrically connected to a controller (18); The first driving device comprises a cutter shaft (8) fixedly connected to the cutter, and a cylinder (2) driving the cutter shaft to move vertically; The upper image acquisition device is located on the lower end surface of the cutter shaft, and a cutter is provided below the upper image acquisition device; The second driving device comprises a driven pulley (6) coaxially fixed to the cutter shaft, and a synchronous belt motor (14) connected to the driven pulley via a synchronous belt (7), and the cutter shaft is rotationally connected to the piston rod of the cylinder via a linear bearing (4); The frame is also fixedly provided with a seat bearing (5), the inner hole of the seat bearing is penetrated with a guide sleeve, the cutter shaft passes through the inner hole of the guide sleeve, and the cutter shaft and the guide sleeve are relatively fixed in the circumferential direction and relatively slidably arranged in the axial direction, and the guide sleeve passes downward to the inner hole of the driven pulley and is fixedly connected to the driven pulley; The upper surface of the upper support plate is provided with mutually perpendicular position marking lines (12).

2. The potato seed potato artificial automatic cutting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame comprises a base (19), an upper bracket (1) slidably connected to the base in a transverse direction, and a third driving device for driving the upper bracket (1) to move in a transverse direction, the upper support plate is fixedly mounted on the base, the first driving device and the second driving device are both mounted on the upper bracket, and the third driving device is electrically connected to the controller; The third driving device includes a ball screw mechanism and a ball screw motor drivingly connected to the ball screw mechanism. The ball screw mechanism and the ball screw motor are both installed on the base. The upper bracket is located above the base and fixedly connected to the slider in the ball screw mechanism.

3. A method for cutting potato seed potatoes using the manual automatic cutting machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) The seed potatoes are conveyed to the upper support plate by the feeding mechanism, and the seed potatoes are located within the image acquisition range of the upper image acquisition device and the lower image acquisition device; (2) The upper image acquisition device and the lower image acquisition device are used to acquire images of the seed potatoes to obtain the distribution of the buds on the front and back sides of the seed potatoes, and the bud data are transmitted to the controller. The controller controls the stepper motor driver to work according to the received bud data. The stepper motor driver drives the ball screw motor and the synchronous belt motor to work. The synchronous belt motor drives the cutter to rotate. The ball screw motor drives the upper bracket to move so that the cutter is at a suitable angle and position to ensure that each seed potato block after cutting has one or two buds. (3) The cylinder piston rod extends, driving the cutter to move downward, cutting the seed potatoes and completing the cutting process; (4) After the cutting work is completed, the cylinder piston rod is retracted.

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