Lithium battery electrolyte closed heating volatilization device

Abstract

A closed heating volatilization device for lithium battery electrolyte relates to the technical field of lithium battery processing. A first-level closed spiral device includes a spiral shaft and a shell, and a heating liquid is passed through the interlayer between the inner shell and the outer shell; a heating gas is passed through the inner shell; the first-level closed spiral device is placed obliquely, and its lower end is provided with an inlet for materials, heating liquid, and heating gas, and the upper end is provided with an outlet for materials and heating liquid; the air collecting hood at the upper end is connected to the filter device through a pipeline, and is powered by a fan to discharge; the heating liquid is powered by a circulating pump and heated by a liquid heater, and is passed through a liquid pipeline to the inlet of the heating liquid, through the interlayer, to the outlet, and then circulated through the liquid pipeline; the heating gas is heated by the heating device and passed through the pipeline to the inlet of the heating gas. The advantages of the present invention are: the electrolyte of the power lithium battery is thermally volatilized in an oxygen-free or oxygen-deficient state, the electrolyte is conveniently recovered, and environmental pollution is effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of garbage disposal, and further relates to a device for processing lithium batteries, in particular to a device for thermally volatilizing the electrolyte of lithium batteries in an oxygen-free or oxygen-deficient state. Background Art

[0002] Garbage disposal has become an important issue in modern society. Among them, the disposal of a large number of waste lithium batteries is a problem that must be faced, especially the disposal of lithium battery electrolyte. Lithium battery electrolyte is the carrier of ion transmission in the battery. It is generally made of high-purity organic solvents, electrolyte lithium salts, necessary additives and other raw materials, prepared under certain conditions and in a certain proportion. If lithium battery electrolyte is not properly handled and discharged, it will pollute the environment and waste resources.

[0003] At present, the treatment process of waste lithium-ion batteries is usually as follows: first, the batteries are incinerated to remove organic matter, then iron and copper are screened, the residual powder is heated and dissolved in acid, and cobalt oxide can be extracted with an organic solvent, which can be used as a raw material for making pigments and coatings. In fact, since the electrolyte of lithium batteries contains water, incineration is prone to pollution; and the general water evaporation technology cannot solve the problem of water content in the electrolyte well.

[0004] Based on this, the applicant is committed to solving this practical problem and has developed a new type of "Lithium Battery Electrolyte Closed Heating Volatilization Device". It mainly volatilizes the electrolyte of power lithium batteries in an oxygen-free or oxygen-deficient state, so as to better remove and recycle the electrolyte; it can also be used for other materials containing water or volatile liquids or solids to remove water and volatiles. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a closed heating volatilization device for lithium battery electrolyte, which can volatilize water of lithium battery electrolyte well and conveniently recycle electrolyte.

[0006] The object of the present invention is achieved through the following solutions:

[0007] A closed heating volatilization device for lithium battery electrolyte includes a first-level closed spiral device, characterized in that: the first-level closed spiral device includes: a spiral shaft and a shell, the spiral shaft includes a rotating shaft and spiral blades, and the shell includes an inner shell and an outer shell; a heating liquid is passed in the interlayer between the inner shell and the outer shell; a heating gas is passed in the inner shell; the first-level closed spiral device is tilted, and its lower end is provided with a material inlet, a heating liquid inlet, and a heating gas inlet, and the upper end is provided with a material outlet and a heating liquid outlet; the upper end is also provided with a wind collecting hood, which is connected to a filtering device through a pipeline and is powered by a fan to discharge; the material is introduced into the material inlet by a closed air feeding device and enters the inner shell; the heating liquid is powered by a circulating pump, heated by a liquid heater, and passes through a liquid pipeline to the heating liquid inlet, through the interlayer, to the heating liquid outlet, and then circulates through the liquid pipeline; the heating gas is heated by the heating device and passes into the heating gas inlet through a pipeline.

[0008] further:

[0009] The primary closed spiral device is connected to the secondary closed spiral device, and the secondary closed spiral device comprises: a spiral shaft and a shell, the spiral shaft comprises a rotating shaft and spiral blades, and the shell comprises an inner shell and an outer shell; a heating liquid is passed in the interlayer between the inner shell and the outer shell; a heating gas is passed in the inner shell; the secondary closed spiral device is placed obliquely, and a material inlet, a heating liquid inlet, and a heating gas inlet are arranged at its lower end, and a material outlet and a heating liquid outlet are arranged at its upper end; the material outlet of the primary closed spiral device is connected to the material inlet of the secondary closed spiral device, and the heating liquid outlet of the primary closed spiral device is connected to the heating liquid inlet of the secondary closed spiral device; the heating liquid is powered by a circulation pump, heated by a liquid heater, and respectively passes to the heating liquid inlets of the primary closed spiral device and the secondary closed spiral device through a liquid pipeline, through the interlayer, to the heating liquid outlet, wherein the heating liquid outlet of the primary closed spiral device is connected to the heating liquid inlet of the secondary closed spiral device, and the heating liquid outlet of the secondary closed spiral device is circulated through the liquid pipeline; the heating gas is heated by the heating device, and respectively passes to the heating gas inlets of the primary closed spiral device and the secondary closed spiral device through pipelines.

[0010] The filtering device comprises a cyclone collector and a pulse dust collector.

[0011] The primary closed spiral device and / or the secondary closed spiral device are arranged on a bracket, and the bracket is provided with adjustable feet.

[0012] The inlet of the heating gas of the secondary closed spiral device is arranged on the rotating shaft, the center of the rotating shaft is hollow, and the heating gas passes through it, and the heating gas jet port is arranged in the middle of the rotating shaft.

[0013] The inlet of the heating gas of the first-stage closed spiral device is arranged on the rotating shaft, the center of the rotating shaft is hollow, and the heating gas passes through it, and the heating gas jet port is arranged at the front end of the rotating shaft.

[0014] The shell and the interlayer are both U-shaped, and a cover plate is provided on the shell.

[0015] The liquid pipeline is provided with a water replenishing device.

[0016] The heating gas refers to nitrogen, carbon dioxide or an inert gas.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention performs thermal volatilization on the electrolyte of the power lithium battery in an oxygen-free or oxygen-deficient state, conveniently recovers the electrolyte, and effectively reduces environmental pollution.

[0018] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention and to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention. Figure 2 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the closed heating volatilization spiral of the present invention.

[0020] In the figure: closed air feeding screw 1, feeding port 2, air jet port A3, primary closed spiral device 4, air collecting hood 5, motor reducer A6, secondary closed spiral device 7, air jet port B8, volatile gas pipeline 9, motor reducer B10, cyclone collector 11, closed air discharger A12, water supply tank 13, closed air discharger B14, adjustable legs 15, bracket 16, nitrogen generator 17, gas heating box 18, liquid circulation pump 19, heater 20, heating liquid pipeline 21, pulse dust collector 22, fan 23, connecting pipe 24, discharge port 25, feeding port 26, feeding motor 27, spiral blades 28, rotating shaft 29, interlayer 30, cover plate 31. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] like Figure 1 —2 shows a closed heating volatilization device for lithium battery electrolyte. The air-closed feeding screw 1 is driven to rotate by a feeding motor 27. The structure of the air-closed feeding screw 1 includes a screw shaft and a shell. The screw shaft includes a rotating shaft and spiral blades. The head end of the air-closed feeding screw 1 is provided with a feeding port 26 and the tail end is provided with a feeding port 2. The feeding port 2 leads to a first-level closed spiral device 4.

[0022] The first-stage closed spiral device 4 is tilted (the tilt angle is 15-45 degrees), with a low inlet and a high outlet; the lower end is provided with the material inlet - feed port 2, the heating liquid inlet, and the heating gas inlet, and the upper end is provided with the material outlet - discharge port 25 and the heating liquid outlet; the upper end of the first-stage closed spiral device 4 is provided with a motor reducer A6, which drives the first-stage closed spiral device 4 to rotate; the first-stage closed spiral device 4 is provided with a jet port A3; the end of the first-stage closed spiral device 4 is provided with a volatile spiral air collecting hood 5, which guides the gas to the cyclone collector 11 through the volatile gas pipeline 9. After the cyclone collector 11 is operated, the impurities are discharged through the closed air discharger A12; the purified gas is introduced into the pulse dust collector 22 through the pipeline and discharged by the fan 23 through the pipeline. The end discharge port 25 of the first-stage closed spiral device 4 leads to the feed port of the second-stage closed spiral device 7. A spiral bracket 16 is arranged below the primary closed spiral device 4, and an adjusting leg 15 is arranged below the spiral bracket.

[0023] The secondary closed spiral device 7 is placed at an angle (the angle of inclination is 15-45 degrees), with a low inlet and a high outlet; the lower end is provided with an inlet for materials, an inlet for heating liquid, and an inlet for heating gas, and the upper end is provided with an outlet for materials and an outlet for heating liquid; a jet port B8 is provided in the middle of the secondary closed spiral device 7, the end of the secondary closed spiral device 7 is connected to a closed air discharger B14, and the secondary closed spiral device 7 is driven to rotate by a motor reducer B10; a spiral bracket 16 is provided below the secondary closed spiral device 7, and an adjusting leg 15 is provided below the spiral bracket 16.

[0024] The nitrogen generator 17 passes nitrogen (which may also be carbon dioxide or other inert gas) to the gas heating box 18, where it is heated and then heated through the heating gas pipeline ( Figure 1 The dotted lines in the figure indicate the heating gas inlet of the first-stage closed spiral device 4 and the heating gas inlet of the second-stage closed spiral device 7 respectively.

[0025] A heating liquid pipeline 21 is arranged below the upper end of the first-stage closed spiral device 4, the heating liquid pipeline 21 is connected to the inlet of the interlayer 30, the outlet of the interlayer 30 is connected to the inlet of the interlayer 30 of the second-stage closed spiral device 7 through the connecting pipe 24, the outlet of the interlayer 30 is connected to the water replenishment tank 13 through the heating liquid pipeline 21, the water replenishment tank 13 is connected to the heater 20 and the liquid circulation pump 19 through the heating liquid pipeline 21, and the liquid circulation pump 19 is connected to the inlet of the interlayer 30 below the lower end of the first-stage closed spiral device 4 through the heating liquid pipeline 21.

[0026] like Figure 2As shown, the structure of the primary closed spiral device 4 and the secondary closed spiral device 7 is: spiral blades 28 are distributed on the rotating shaft 29, the spiral directions of the spiral blades 28 are consistent, the spiral cylinder is a U-shaped structure, the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder are interlayers 30, and the upper part of the spiral cylinder is provided with a cover plate 31. The rotating shaft 29 is a hollow structure for passing the heating gas.

[0027] The principle of the present invention is described as follows:

[0028] A. After crushing, lithium battery materials or other materials enter the closed air feeding screw device through the closed air feeding screw 1 (closed air feeding equipment can also be used). The structure of the closed air feeding screw device is: the rotating shaft has spiral blades, and there is a section without spiral blades at the tail end of the rotating shaft. When the spiral blades transport the materials to the tail end without spiral blades, the materials accumulate to form a closed space, achieving the effect of closed air isolation and oxygen transportation, so that the feed ensures that the inside of the volatilization device is isolated from the external air.

[0029] B. The material enters the primary closed spiral device 4 through the feed port 2. The inner and outer shells and the heating interlayer of the primary closed spiral device are all U-shaped (see Figure 2 ), this structure is not easy to get stuck compared to the circular cylinder, and the material conveying capacity is larger. A cover plate 31 is provided at the upper end to prevent the leakage of volatile gas and heating gas, and has a heat preservation effect. The center of the rotating shaft 29 of the primary closed spiral device 4 is hollow, and can convey heating gas. The temperature of the heating gas is less than 150 (the same below), and it is ejected through the jet port A3. The jet port A3 is located at the front end of the primary closed spiral device 4 (the contact time of the jet material in the middle or at the rear end will be short, and the effect of sufficient heating cannot be achieved). The shaft is equipped with spiral blades 28, and the heating gas can be fully combined with the material in the process of conveying and tumbling for a long time to achieve the effect of sufficient heating. The interlayer 30 can convey heating liquid (it can also be electrically heated and heated by hot air), and the temperature of the heating liquid is less than 140 (the same below). The material can be fully heated outside the cylinder, and the material can be heated simultaneously inside and outside, so that the material is fully heated and volatilized. The motor reducer 6 adjusts the corresponding speed to heat and volatilize the material to a certain extent, and is discharged from the end of the primary closed spiral device 4 into the front end of the secondary closed spiral device 7.

[0030] C. The structure and principle of the secondary closed spiral device 7 are the same as those of the primary closed spiral device 4. The motor reducer 10 in the secondary closed spiral device 7 adjusts the corresponding speed of the material, so that the material is heated and volatilized to a certain degree, and discharged through the closed air discharger 14 (the closed air discharger 14 is isolated from the external gas), and the air jet B8 is located near the middle of the secondary closed spiral device 7 (the air jet B8 is located at the front end, and the heated nitrogen will be quickly drawn from the air collecting hood 5; if it is located at the rear end, the heated nitrogen will have a shorter contact time with the material, and the heat of the heated material will be directly discharged through the closed air discharger 14. If it is located near the middle, the heated gas can have a longer time to fully heat the material). The motor reducer 10 is adjusted to the corresponding speed, so that the material is heated and volatilized to a certain degree, and discharged through the closed air discharger 14. The primary closed spiral device 4 and the secondary closed spiral device 7 are supported by the bracket 16, and through the adjustable legs 15, the corresponding angle and height can be adjusted according to the needs of the material, so that the material can be volatilized more fully and cleanly.

[0031] D. In the primary closed spiral device 4 and the secondary closed spiral device 7, the volatile gas in the material is fully volatilized through the internal gas heating and the external interlayer liquid heating. The volatilized gas is discharged through the air collecting hood 5 set at the upper end of the primary closed spiral device 4 and discharged into the cyclone collector 11 for filtration and collection. The volatile gas is discharged from the cyclone collector 11 into the pulse dust collector 22, and is discharged by the fan 23 after filtration. Figure 1 The hollow arrows indicate the direction of the volatile gas. The functions of the cyclone collector 11 and the pulse dust collector 22 are to separate the battery black powder carried away in the volatile gas, purify the volatile gas, and collect the battery black powder.

[0032] E. The heated inert gas (or heated hot gas) passes through the nitrogen generator 17 (inert gases such as nitrogen, helium, and nitrogen dioxide can be used) to produce gas of corresponding pressure along the thin solid arrow (see Figure 1 ) (the dotted pipeline is used to distinguish other pipelines), and after being heated by the gas heating box 18, it is respectively filled into the spiral shaft 25 of the first-level closed spiral device 4 and the second-level closed spiral device 7 through the pipeline, and the heated inert gas is ejected through the jet port A3 and the jet port B8, so as to fully heat the material during the stirring and conveying process.

[0033] F. The heated liquid is powered by the liquid circulation pump 19, which passes the liquid into the liquid heater 20. The heated liquid enters the interlayer of the primary closed spiral device 4, and the liquid in the interlayer heats the material in the volatilized spiral. The heated liquid enters the interlayer of the secondary closed spiral device 7 from the interlayer of the primary closed spiral device 4 for heating. The heated liquid is discharged into the water replenishment tank 13, which is equipped with an automatic water replenishment device. According to the corresponding liquid level, the water replenishment valve is automatically opened for water replenishment. The liquid enters the liquid circulation pump 19 through the gravity drop, completing the effect of circulating heating utilization. Figure 1 The medium thick solid arrows indicate the direction of the heated liquid.

[0034] The above description is only a specific implementation mode of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A closed heating and volatilization device for lithium battery electrolyte, comprising a first-stage closed spiral device, characterized in that: The first-stage closed spiral device comprises: a spiral shaft and a shell, the spiral shaft comprises a rotating shaft and spiral blades, the shell comprises an inner shell and an outer shell; a heating liquid is passed through the interlayer between the inner shell and the outer shell; a heating gas is passed through the inner shell; the first-stage closed spiral device is placed obliquely, and a material inlet, a heating liquid inlet, and a heating gas inlet are arranged at its lower end, and a material outlet and a heating liquid outlet are arranged at its upper end; an air collecting hood is also arranged at the upper end, and the air collecting hood is connected to the filter device through a pipeline, and is powered by a fan to discharge; the material is introduced into the material inlet by the closed air feeding device and enters the inner shell; the heating liquid is powered by a circulating pump, heated by a liquid heater, and passes through a liquid pipeline to the heating liquid inlet, through the interlayer, to the heating liquid outlet, and then circulates through the liquid pipeline; the heating gas is heated by the heating device and passes into the heating gas inlet through a pipeline; The primary closed spiral device is connected to the secondary closed spiral device, and the secondary closed spiral device comprises: a spiral shaft and a shell, the spiral shaft comprises a rotating shaft and spiral blades, and the shell comprises an inner shell and an outer shell; a heating liquid is passed through the interlayer between the inner shell and the outer shell; a heating gas is passed through the inner shell; the secondary closed spiral device is placed obliquely, and a material inlet, a heating liquid inlet, and a heating gas inlet are arranged at its lower end, and a material outlet and a heating liquid outlet are arranged at its upper end; the material outlet of the primary closed spiral device is connected to the material inlet of the secondary closed spiral device, and the heating liquid outlet of the primary closed spiral device is connected to the heating liquid inlet of the secondary closed spiral device; the heating liquid is powered by a circulation pump, heated by a liquid heater, and respectively leads to the heating liquid inlets of the primary closed spiral device and the secondary closed spiral device through a liquid pipeline, through the interlayer, to the heating liquid outlet, wherein the heating liquid outlet of the primary closed spiral device is connected to the heating liquid inlet of the secondary closed spiral device, and the heating liquid outlet of the secondary closed spiral device is circulated through the liquid pipeline; the heating gas is heated by the heating device, and respectively passes into the heating gas inlets of the primary closed spiral device and the secondary closed spiral device through pipelines; The filtering device includes a cyclone collector and a pulse dust collector; The primary closed spiral device and / or the secondary closed spiral device are arranged on a bracket, and the bracket is provided with adjustable feet; The inlet of the heating gas of the two-stage closed spiral device is arranged on the rotating shaft, the center of the rotating shaft is hollow, and the heating gas flows inside, and the heating gas jet port is arranged in the middle of the rotating shaft; The inlet of the heating gas of the first-stage closed spiral device is arranged on the rotating shaft, the center of the rotating shaft is hollow, and the heating gas passes through it, and the heating gas jet port is arranged at the front end of the rotating shaft.

2. The closed heating volatilization device for lithium battery electrolyte according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell and the interlayer are both U-shaped, and a cover plate is provided on the shell.

3. The closed heating volatilization device for lithium battery electrolyte according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid pipeline is provided with a water replenishing device.

4. The closed heating volatilization device for lithium battery electrolyte according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating gas refers to nitrogen, carbon dioxide or an inert gas.

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