Anti-loosening fastening device for railway contact network

Abstract

The present invention provides an anti-loosening fastening device for a railway contact network, comprising a main bolt, a main nut, and a locking nut. The device further comprises: a bolt-cutting screw, which is symmetrically arranged on at least two outer surfaces of the locking nut, and whose central axis is perpendicular to the central axis of the main bolt; a tooth pad, which is arranged between the main nut and the locking nut; wherein the oblique direction of the tooth pad is consistent with the rotation direction of the locking nut, and the locking nut and the main nut are respectively rotated in the same direction as the main bolt at their respective installation positions; the bolt-cutting screw is interlocked with the locking nut and the main bolt, respectively, and the tooth pad is interlocked with the main nut and the locking nut.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a fastener device, in particular to an anti-loosening fastening device for a railway contact network. Background Art

[0002] The fasteners used on the electrified contact network of my country's railways generally still use traditional winged washers or spring washers, which have extremely limited anti-loosening effects and pose great safety hazards to railway operations. The fasteners used on the electrified contact network of high-speed railways are mainly imported from foreign technology. Generally, a special adhesive is applied to the threaded parts of the connected bolts and nuts before installation and tightening. This adhesive must be imported from the United States and Japan. It is not only expensive, but also has a time limit for use and storage. The important thing is that it is very troublesome to use. The workpiece must be thoroughly cleaned and dried before applying the glue. It is also inconvenient to construct on rainy days, foggy days, sunny days, windy days, and frozen days. It cannot be put into use immediately after construction. It must wait until the adhesive is thoroughly solidified before it can withstand vibration. Because the contact network sometimes needs to adjust the height of the conductor and the track, the fasteners have to be loosened and tightened. This kind of screw coated with adhesive is generally difficult to loosen with a wrench and sometimes has to be sawed off. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a reverse-button tooth pad and bolt-cut combination anti-loosening fastener for railway electrified contact network, which has a simple structure, low cost, absolutely reliable locking, and easy installation and disassembly, and can be installed and used at any time.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a railway contact network anti-loosening fastening device, comprising a main bolt, a main nut, and a lock nut, characterized in that the device further comprises:

[0005] Bolt cutting screws are symmetrically arranged on at least two outer surfaces of the lock nut, and the central axis thereof is perpendicular to the central axis of the main bolt;

[0006] A tooth washer, arranged between the main nut and the lock nut;

[0007] The oblique direction of the tooth pad is consistent with the rotation direction of the lock nut, and the lock nut, the main nut and the main bolt are respectively rotated in the same direction at their respective installation locations;

[0008] The bolt cutting screw is interlocked with the locking nut and the main bolt respectively, and the tooth washer is interlocked with the main nut and the locking nut.

[0009] Preferably, the present invention further discloses a railway contact network anti-loosening fastening device, characterized in that:

[0010] The bolt-cutting screw further comprises:

[0011] The bolt cutting part is formed by a groove on the end face of the tail part to form an inner hollow part, and the inner wall of the groove and the outer wall of the bolt cutting screw rod form an annular cutting edge.

[0012] Preferably, the present invention further discloses a railway contact network anti-loosening fastening device, characterized in that:

[0013] The tail portion further comprises a step formed by the outer circumference of the tail portion of the bolt cutting screw being smaller than the outer circumference of the shaft portion thereof.

[0014] Preferably, the present invention further discloses a railway contact network anti-loosening fastening device, characterized in that:

[0015] The inner hollow portion is 0.4 mm to 0.5 mm higher than the outer diameter of the main bolt thread.

[0016] Preferably, the present invention further discloses a railway contact network anti-loosening fastening device, characterized in that:

[0017] The inward inclination angle θ1 of the bolt cutting screw from its root diameter ranges from 1 degree to 3 degrees.

[0018] Preferably, the present invention further discloses a railway contact network anti-loosening fastening device, characterized in that:

[0019] The included angle α formed by the inner and outer sides of the annular cutting edge ranges from 10 degrees to 30 degrees.

[0020] Preferably, the present invention further discloses a railway contact network anti-loosening fastening device, characterized in that:

[0021] The outer side wall of the annular cutting edge includes a sawtooth structure.

[0022] Preferably, the present invention further discloses a railway contact network anti-loosening fastening device, characterized in that:

[0023] The main nut and the lock nut have the same thread diameter and pitch, and opposite rotation directions.

[0024] Preferably, the present invention further discloses a railway contact network anti-loosening fastening device, characterized in that:

[0025] The lock nut comprises a hexagonal nut.

[0026] Preferably, the present invention further discloses a railway contact network anti-loosening fastening device, characterized in that:

[0027] The height of the bolt cutting screw is less than or equal to the depth of the locking nut mounting hole.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0029] Compared with the anti-loosening fastener technology used in the existing railway contact network, the beneficial effects of the present invention are simple structure, low cost, reliable locking, and convenient installation and disassembly. When used in the railway electrification contact network, it can achieve all-weather operation and greatly improve the economic benefits of railway operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the present application. They are included and constitute a part of the present application. The accompanying drawings illustrate embodiments of the present application and together with the present specification serve to explain the principles of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0031] FIG1 (1) is a schematic diagram of the anti-loosening fastening device for the railway overhead contact network;

[0032] Figure 1 (2) is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in Figure 1 (1);

[0033] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the bolt cutting screw 15 in FIG. 1 (1);

[0034] FIG3(1) is a front view of the tooth pad 13 in FIG1(1);

[0035] FIG3(2) is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG3(1);

[0036] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the main bolt 11 in Figure 1 (1).

[0037] Reference numerals

[0038] 11 - Main bolt

[0039] 12 - Main nut

[0040] 13 - Tooth pad

[0041] 14 - Locking nut

[0042] 15 - Bolt cutting screw

[0043] 151 - Head

[0044] 1511 - Mounting hole

[0045] 152 - Tail

[0046] 153 - Inner Space

[0047] 1531 - Inner Wall

[0048] 1532-Outer wall

[0049] 154 - Annular cutting edge

[0050] 155 - embolism

[0051] 158 - Rod DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some examples or embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, the present application can also be applied to other similar scenarios based on these drawings without creative work. Unless it is obvious from the language environment or otherwise explained, the same reference numerals in the figures represent the same structure or operation.

[0053] As shown in this application and claims, unless the context clearly indicates an exception, the words "a", "an", "an" and / or "the" do not refer to the singular and may also include the plural. Generally speaking, the terms "include" and "comprise" only indicate the inclusion of the steps and elements that have been clearly identified, and these steps and elements do not constitute an exclusive list. The method or device may also include other steps or elements.

[0054] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​of the parts and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present application. At the same time, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. The technology, method and equipment known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant field may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, method and equipment should be considered as a part of the authorization specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as being merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so that once a certain item is defined in an accompanying drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0055] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "lateral, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present application; the directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contours of each component itself.

[0056] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the figure. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0057] In addition, it should be noted that the use of words such as "first" and "second" to define components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. If not otherwise stated, the above words have no special meaning and cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of this application. In addition, although the terms used in this application are selected from well-known and commonly used terms, some terms mentioned in the specification of this application may be selected by the applicant at his or her discretion, and their detailed meanings are explained in the relevant parts of the description of this article. In addition, it is required to understand this application not only by the actual terms used, but also by the meaning implied by each term.

[0058] Please refer to Figure 1 (1), which is a schematic diagram of the anti-loosening fastening device for the railway contact network.

[0059] The device includes a main bolt 11, a main nut 12, a tooth washer 13, a locking nut 14 and a bolt-cutting screw 15. The main nut 12 and the locking nut 14 in the embodiment of the figure are both hexagonal nuts, but the bolt-cutting screw is only shown as being located on one of the hexagonal surfaces of the locking nut 14, and the other bolt-cutting screw is located at a position on the symmetrical hexagonal surface of the locking nut 14.

[0060] The main nut 12 and the lock nut 14 have the same thread diameter and pitch, but opposite rotation directions.

[0061] FIG. 1 (2) further illustrates the AA cross-sectional view in FIG. 1 (1), which is the position of the bolt cutting screw 15, combined with Figure 2 Please explain in detail.

[0062] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the bolt cutting screw 15 shown in FIG. 1 ( 2 ) is given.

[0063] The bolt cutting screw 15 includes a head portion 151 , a tail portion 152 and a rod portion 158 , wherein the tail portion 152 contacts the main bolt 11 to form a bolt cutting portion 155 .

[0064] Figure 2 As shown, a groove is opened along the axis on the end face of the tail portion 152 to form an inner hollow portion 153. In the cross-sectional view shown, the inner hollow portion 153 is in the shape of a trumpet that is wide on the outside and narrow on the inside. The cross-sectional view shown in the preferred embodiment is an isosceles trapezoid. The inner wall 1531 of the inner hollow portion 153 and the outer wall 1532 of the rod of the bolt cutting screw 15 form an annular cutting edge 154.

[0065] In order to achieve a better cutting edge effect, the outer circumference of the tail portion 152 of the bolt-cutting screw 15 is smaller than the outer circumference of the rod portion 158, thereby forming a step 1581 at the transition from the rod portion 158 to the tail portion 152, corresponding to the difference in diameter between the head portion 151 and the tail portion 152 of the bolt-cutting screw 15 in the figure, that is, (Md).

[0066] As shown in FIG. 1 (1), the inward inclination angle θ1 of the bolt cutting screw 15 from its root diameter is 1 to 3 degrees, and the size of d is naturally slightly smaller than the root diameter. When the material is good, the strength is high, and the small angle is taken, the cutting edge is sharper (pointier).

[0067] The cutting edge of the annular cutting edge 154 is intended to cut into the thread of the main bolt 11, and the cutting edge cuts until the root diameter of the main bolt 11.

[0068] like Figure 2 As shown, the included angle α formed by the inner and outer sides of the annular cutting edge 154 is between 10 degrees and 30 degrees, and a smaller angle is used when the material is good.

[0069] The inner hollow portion 153 of the annular cutting edge 154 is 0.4mm to 0.5mm higher than the outer diameter of the main bolt thread, in order to facilitate cutting edge. The bottom edge of the inner hollow portion 153 is 0.4mm to 0.5mm higher than the outer diameter of the main bolt 11, which means that there is a gap a of 0.4mm to 0.5mm between the upper bottom of the inner hollow portion 153 and the outer diameter of the main bolt 11, which does not hinder cutting edge.

[0070] The above structure is the characteristic of the present invention. If there is no gap a, the upper bottom of the inner hollow portion 153 will hit the outer diameter of the main bolt 11 and the threaded portion below. Not only will the cutting edge be unable to cut, but the upper bottom of the inner hollow portion 153 will also damage the threaded portion of the main bolt 11, causing the threads to become irregular, thus affecting the smooth removal of the nut from the main bolt 11 in the future.

[0071] Furthermore, in the illustrated embodiment, a straight groove is provided on the head 151 as a mounting hole 1511 for inserting a screwdriver into and tightening the bolt cutting screw 15 during installation.

[0072] The height H of the bolt cutting screw 15 of the above structure is less than or equal to the depth of the mounting hole on the locking nut 14. Thus, when it is installed, the rear end is flush with the hexagonal plane of the locking nut 14 to keep the appearance of the locking nut intact and achieve an aesthetically pleasing appearance of the device.

[0073] Bolt cutting screw 15 among the present invention is the horizontal bolt screw that is screwed on the lock nut 14 with hardened steel. Generally only use two, be symmetrically arranged in the middle part of lock nut 14.

[0074] In the above preferred embodiment, the annular blade at the bottom of the bolt-cutting screw 15 is a full-circle continuous blade structure, and a serrated shape may also be adopted. Although the "bolt-cutting" effect of the serrated blade is worse than that of the continuous blade, the serrated blade is easier to cut into the threaded part of the main bolt when the screw is tightened.

[0075] Figure 3(1) and 3(2) The structural diagram and partial enlarged diagram of the tooth pad 13 in FIG. 1 are further provided.

[0076] The tooth profile of the tooth pad 13 in this embodiment is right-handed. This right-handed slope is intended to be used in conjunction with a right-handed locking nut 14. When the locking nut 14 is tightened in the right direction, the end face slides over the tooth surface and does not affect the tightening of the nut 14.

[0077] When the nut 14 is loosened in the reverse direction (left direction), the tooth tip abuts against the end face of the nut, see the AA cross-sectional view shown in FIG. 3 (2), thereby preventing the nut from loosening.

[0078] The size of each part of the tooth pad 13 only affects the anti-loosening effect, but does not change the basic characteristics. Ratchet pads, sawtooth pads, etc. all have this basic characteristic.

[0079] The tooth pads are punched to ensure sharp tooth tips, and are hardened by quenching to prevent loosening reliably. If the lock nut is made of martensitic stainless steel, it can more effectively prevent the mechanism from loosening.

[0080] Figure 4 A structural schematic diagram of the main bolt 11 is given.

[0081] The locking section L2 of the main bolt 11 is engraved with a positive right thread on the basis of the original reverse left thread M1, and its outer diameter and pitch are the same as those of the main nut 12. Therefore, the L2 section of the main bolt 11 can pass through both the left-handed main nut 12 and the right-handed locking nut 14.

[0082] In combination with the above structure, please refer to Figure 1 (1) to further illustrate the assembly process of the present invention.

[0083] When the main bolt 11 passes through the connected part and the main nut 12 is tightened, the connection is achieved. Then the tooth washer 13 is installed and the lock nut 14 is tightened. Then the bolt cutting screw 15 is screwed into the lock nut 14 so that the annular cutting edge 154 at the front end of the screw cuts to the root of the thread of the main bolt 11.

[0084] A tooth pad 13 is provided between the main nut 11 and the lock nut 14. The tooth shape of the tooth pad 13 is right-slanted. When the lock nut 14 is tightened by right-hand rotation, the tooth pad 13 does not affect the locking. However, when the lock nut 14 is loosened by left-hand rotation, the tooth tip of the tooth pad 13 abuts against the end of the lock nut 14 to prevent it from loosening.

[0085] This mechanism adopts the design of positive and negative thread interlocking, that is, after tightening the main nut 12 in the reverse direction, the lock nut 14 is tightened in the forward direction. Due to the directionality of the teeth of the tooth pad 13, when the lock nut 14 is tightened, the tooth tip only faces forward, which has no effect on the main nut 12, and the lock nut 14 can be tightened to the specified torque. When the working state of the mechanism may loosen due to vibration, the main nut 11 has a positive right-handed tendency. At this time, the tooth tip on the tooth pad 13 just touches the end face of the main nut 11, and the main nut 11 forces the lock nut 14 to turn right with it, but the lock nut 14 has already been tightened to the right, so this "forcing" of the main nut 11 will only make the lock nut 14 tighter, so it is impossible for the main nut 11 to loosen.

[0086] When the position of the lock nut 14 reaches the upper edge of the external thread of the main bolt 11, two bolt cutting bolts 15 are usually used.

[0087] The outer side of the annular cutting edge 154 starts from the inner diameter of the thread at the front end of the screw segment and extends downward at a small vertical or inward angle of 1 to 3 degrees to the thread root diameter of all main bolts that the annular edge can cut.

[0088] The design of the annular cutting edge 154 is to cut only a tiny hole on the main bolt 11 without damaging the integrity of the thread of the main bolt 11, so as to facilitate the light rotation of the main and lock nuts during disassembly. The bolt cutting screw 15 further connects the lock nut 14 to the main bolt 11, which is a double anti-loosening measure to ensure the absolute reliability of the high-speed rail operation. The bolt cutting screw 15 is a very small part. Although it has a complex structure and high technological content, when it is mass-produced using automated tooling equipment, it has a low cost and can be used as a consumable part and scrapped after one use. However, it is undoubtedly very meaningful in ensuring safety.

[0089] The bolt cutting screw 15 is like a bolt that firmly connects the lock nut 14 and the main bolt 11. It is small and complex, with fine workmanship, and the material requires high strength, high toughness, and high hardness after quenching and tempering. The annular cutting edge 154 at the front end should be sharp and sharp to facilitate piercing the main bolt 11.

[0090] When the device of the present invention is working, the main bolt and main nut bear the working stress and are the main force-bearing parts. The toothed washer, lock nut and bolt cutting screw are only used to prevent loosening and do not directly bear the working stress. Although the force on them is not large, they play the role of "checkpoint" to prevent loosening.

[0091] This "checkpoint" is crucial and is by no means dispensable. Without them, it will become an ordinary connection with bolts and nuts. When the contact network vibrates, the ordinary connection will easily loosen, causing the contact network to collapse and cause terrible accidents.

[0092] It should also be noted that although the lock nut does not need to bear the main working stress - clamping force, during actual installation, since the lock nut must fit tightly with the main nut through the tooth pad, this imposes a specified torque requirement on the lock nut. When the lock nut is tightened according to the specification, it also generates a considerable pulling force on the main bolt. The direction of this pulling force is consistent with the clamping force, that is, the lock nut objectively generates an additional clamping force on the clamped object, which further increases the reliability of the connection of this device.

[0093] In summary, the device of the present invention is a new design with clear principle, novel structure, wonderful concept, simple layout, low cost, convenient use and reliable operation. It not only includes the advantages and essence of various previous thread anti-loosening methods, but also has its own unique innovative highlights. Using it as an anti-loosening fastener on the railway contact network can ensure safe operation around the clock, which is an ideal option.

[0094] The basic concepts have been described above. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, the above invention disclosure is only used as an example and does not constitute a limitation of the present application. Although not explicitly stated herein, those skilled in the art may make various modifications, improvements and amendments to the present application. Such modifications, improvements and amendments are suggested in the present application, so such modifications, improvements and amendments still belong to the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of the present application.

[0095] At the same time, the present application uses specific words to describe the embodiments of the present application. For example, "one embodiment", "an embodiment", and / or "some embodiments" refer to a certain feature, structure or characteristic related to at least one embodiment of the present application. Therefore, it should be emphasized and noted that "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" or "an alternative embodiment" mentioned twice or more in different positions in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, some features, structures or characteristics in one or more embodiments of the present application can be appropriately combined.

[0096] Similarly, it should be noted that in order to simplify the description of the disclosure of this application and thus help understand one or more embodiments of the invention, in the above description of the embodiments of this application, multiple features are sometimes combined into one embodiment, figure or description thereof. However, this disclosure method does not mean that the features required by the object of this application are more than the features mentioned in the claims. In fact, the features of the embodiments are less than all the features of the single embodiment disclosed above.

[0097] In some embodiments, numbers describing the number of components and attributes are used. It should be understood that such numbers used in the description of the embodiments are modified by the modifiers "about", "approximately" or "substantially" in some examples. Unless otherwise specified, "about", "approximately" or "substantially" indicate that the numbers are allowed to vary by ±20%. Accordingly, in some embodiments, the numerical parameters used in the specification and claims are approximate values, which may change according to the required features of individual embodiments. In some embodiments, the numerical parameters should take into account the specified significant digits and adopt the general method of retaining digits. Although the numerical domains and parameters used to confirm the breadth of their range in some embodiments of the present application are approximate values, in specific embodiments, the setting of such numerical values ​​is as accurate as possible within the feasible range.

[0098] Although the present application has been described with reference to the current specific embodiments, ordinary technicians in this technical field should recognize that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present application, and various equivalent changes or substitutions may be made without departing from the spirit of the present application. Therefore, as long as the changes and modifications to the above embodiments are within the essential spirit of the present application, they will fall within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A railway contact network anti-loosening fastening device, comprising a main bolt, a main nut, and a lock nut, characterized in that: The device further comprises: Bolt cutting screws are symmetrically arranged on at least two outer surfaces of the lock nut, and the central axis thereof is perpendicular to the central axis of the main bolt; A tooth washer, arranged between the main nut and the lock nut; The oblique direction of the tooth pad is consistent with the rotation direction of the lock nut, and the lock nut, the main nut and the main bolt are respectively rotated in the same direction at their respective installation locations; The bolt cutting screw is interlocked with the locking nut and the main bolt respectively, and the tooth washer is interlocked with the main nut and the locking nut; The bolt cutting screw comprises a head, a tail and a rod, wherein the tail contacts the main bolt to form a bolt cutting portion; a groove on the end surface of the tail forms an inner hollow portion, and the inner wall of the groove and the outer wall of the bolt cutting screw rod form an annular cutting edge; The tail portion further comprises a step formed by the outer circumference of the tail portion of the bolt cutting screw being smaller than the outer circumference of the shaft portion thereof; The inner hollow portion is 0.4 mm to 0.5 mm higher than the outer diameter of the main bolt thread; The inward inclination angle θ1 of the bolt cutting screw from its root diameter ranges from 1 degree to 3 degrees; The included angle α formed by the inner and outer sides of the annular cutting edge ranges from 10 degrees to 30 degrees.

2. The anti-loosening and fastening device for railway contact network according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side wall of the annular cutting edge includes a sawtooth structure.

3. The anti-loosening and fastening device for railway contact network according to claim 2, characterized in that: The main nut and the lock nut have the same thread diameter and pitch, and opposite rotation directions.

4. The anti-loosening and fastening device for railway contact network according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lock nut comprises a hexagonal nut.

5. The anti-loosening and fastening device for railway contact network according to claim 4, characterized in that: The height of the bolt cutting screw is less than or equal to the depth of the locking nut mounting hole.

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