A pneumatic self-rotating angle head with a built-in pneumatic rotating device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a pneumatic self-rotating angle head with a built-in pneumatic rotating device, which relates to the technical field of angle heads and includes a tool shank. The bottom end of the tool shank is fixedly connected with a central shaft through a coupling. The central shaft is connected with a main shaft through bevel gear transmission. The outer wall of the tool shank is sleeved with a connecting flange. The lower surface of the connecting flange is fixedly connected with an upper top plate. The lower surface of the upper top plate is fixedly connected with an upper middle shell. An upper air passage is opened on the upper surface of the upper middle shell, and a through hole is opened on the outer wall of the upper middle shell. In the present invention, the air pressure difference is used to push the dividing piece inside the middle cushion ring to move, and the dividing piece pushes the middle turntable to rotate, so as to realize the adjustment of the angle head direction. Through the cylinder positioning pin, the rotation angle of the angle head is positioned, so as to realize the precise control of the angle head rotating 90 degrees, 180 degrees, 270 degrees, and 360 degrees, and change the problem that the current automatic rotating angle head does not have its own rotating mechanism and relies on the cooperation of the machine tool spindle gear to rotate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of angle heads, and in particular to a pneumatic self-rotating angle head with a pneumatic rotating device. Background Art

[0002] Angle heads are an accessory of machine tools. After the machine tool is installed with an angle head, the rotation centerline of the tool can be at a certain angle with the rotation centerline of the machine tool spindle to process the workpiece. The angle head can increase the processing range of the machine tool without changing the original structure of the machine tool, and greatly improve the processing adaptability of the machine tool. This makes the angle head widely used in various fields such as aerospace, automobile, mold and other mechanical processing.

[0003] At present, the automatic rotating angle heads on the market are all matched with the machine tool spindle gear transmission. The disadvantage is that the spindles of different brands and models are different, and the specifications, sizes and positions of the matching spindle gears are the same. If an angle head is needed, it must be equipped with the original one. If the original factory does not have an angle head, it must be customized. This requires surveying, designing, processing, assembling and debugging of the machine tool spindle, gears, oil circuits, gas circuits and locking devices, etc., which is expensive and requires a waiting time of about 3 months. If there is an angle head with a built-in rotation function, which is universal for machine tool spindles, does not require electricity, does not require oil circuits, and is safe and reliable, it is expected by the majority of customers.

[0004] In order to change the current automatic rotating angle head which does not have its own rotating mechanism and relies on the machine tool spindle gear to rotate, is not universal, has a long customization period, and is expensive to process, we have specially developed an angle head with pneumatic rotation function, which is universal for machine tool spindles, mass-produced, and can be installed at any time at a reasonable price. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art and to propose a pneumatic self-rotating angle head with a pneumatic rotating device.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A pneumatic self-rotating angle head with a pneumatic rotating device comprises a tool handle, the bottom end of the tool handle is fixedly connected to a central shaft through a coupling, the central shaft is connected to a main shaft through a bevel gear transmission, the outer wall of the tool handle is sleeved with a connecting flange, the lower surface of the connecting flange is fixedly connected to an upper top plate, the lower surface of the upper top plate is fixedly connected to an upper middle shell, the upper surface of the upper middle shell is provided with an upper airway, the outer wall of the upper middle shell is provided with a through hole, a cylinder locating pin is arranged inside the through hole, the outer side wall of the upper middle shell is provided with an air inlet hole, the outer side wall of the upper middle shell is fixedly installed with a rotating valve stem, A positioning valve stem is installed on the outer wall of the other side of the upper middle shell, the lower surface of the upper middle shell is fixedly connected to the upper bottom plate, the lower surface of the upper bottom plate is fixedly connected to the middle gasket ring, the outer wall of the middle gasket ring is provided with an exhaust hole, a middle turntable is provided on the inner side of the middle gasket ring, a dividing block plate is clamped on the outer side of the middle turntable, the lower surface of the middle gasket ring is fixedly connected to the lower top plate, the lower surface of the lower top plate is fixedly connected to the lower middle shell, the lower surface of the lower middle shell is fixedly connected to the lower bottom plate, the outer wall of the middle shaft is rotatably connected to the middle shaft shell through a bearing, and the bottom of the middle shaft shell is fixedly connected to the angle head shell.

[0008] Preferably, a protective shell is provided on the outside of the knife handle, the protective shell is fixedly connected to the upper top plate, and a fixing frame is fixedly connected to the bottom of the lower bottom plate.

[0009] Preferably, the upper airway is interconnected with the through hole, and the air inlet is interconnected with the upper airway.

[0010] Preferably, the upper middle shell is circular, the number of the positioning valve stems and the number of the cylinder positioning pins are four, the four cylinder positioning pins are arranged equidistantly along the axis of the upper middle shell, and the four positioning valve stems and the four cylinder positioning pins are interconnected through the upper airway.

[0011] Preferably, a spring sleeve is provided between the baffle plate and the central rotating disk, one end of the spring sleeve is fixedly connected to the central rotating disk, and the other end of the spring sleeve is fixedly connected to the baffle plate.

[0012] Preferably, fixing pins are sleeved on both sides of the upper middle shell, and the fixing pins pass through the upper bottom plate and extend into the middle cushion ring.

[0013] Preferably, the top end of the central axis shell is fixedly connected to the central turntable by screws, the top of the angle head shell is threadedly connected with an adjusting screw, the other end of the adjusting screw is threadedly connected to the central axis shell, and the outer wall of the angle head shell is fixedly sleeved with a scale ring.

[0014] Preferably, a lower air passage is provided on the bottom outer wall of the lower middle shell, an internal sleeve of the lower middle shell is provided with a cylinder piston, and a tool-changing valve stem is fixedly mounted on the outer side wall of the lower middle shell.

[0015] Preferably, the main shaft is located inside the angle head housing. An annular air duct is provided at the top end of the middle shaft housing. Tool changing air ducts are provided inside both the middle shaft housing and the angle head housing. A cylinder housing is fixedly installed on one side of the angle head housing. The other end of the tool changing air duct extends into the cylinder housing. A second cylinder piston is arranged inside the cylinder housing. A push rod is arranged inside the main shaft. A spring is arranged at one end of the push rod. The other end of the main shaft is fixedly connected to a tool claw, and the other end of the tool claw is clamped with a tool.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0017] 1. In the present invention, the pressure difference is used to push the shim inside the middle pad ring to move. The shim pushes the middle turntable to rotate. The middle turntable drives the middle shaft housing to rotate. The middle shaft housing drives the angle head housing to rotate, thereby realizing the adjustment of the angle head direction. At the same time, the positioning valve rod controls the movement of the corresponding cylinder positioning pin. When the angle head moves to a suitable position, the cylinder positioning pin will block the through hole in the upper middle housing, that is, the rotation angle of the angle head is positioned through the cylinder positioning pin. At this time, the angle head will stop rotating, thereby realizing the precise control of the angle head rotating 90 degrees, 180 degrees, 270 degrees, and 360 degrees, and solving the problems that the current automatic rotating angle head does not have its own rotating mechanism, relies on the cooperation with the machine tool spindle gear to rotate, lacks versatility, has a long customization cycle, and is expensive to process.

[0018] 2. In the present invention, when a tool needs to be replaced, the tool changing valve rod at the lower middle housing is pressed. The lower air duct inside the lower middle housing is opened through the tool changing valve rod. Gas enters the tool changing air duct through the lower air duct and then enters the cylinder housing through the tool changing air duct. The second cylinder piston inside the cylinder housing is pushed by the high-pressure gas. The second cylinder piston pushes the push rod towards the tool claw, loosening the port of the tool claw. At this time, the tool clamped on the tool claw can be removed. After the tool is taken out, a new tool is sent into the port of the tool claw. The tool changing valve rod is pulled, and the gas inside the cylinder housing is discharged to the outside through the exhaust hole. The external force acting on the cylinder housing is cancelled. The push rod returns to its original position under the action of the spring. The push rod drives the tool claw to return to its original state, and the tool claw clamps the tool tightly. That is, by controlling the tail cylinder, the functions of locking and loosening the machining tool holder are realized, and the entire tool changing process of the angle head is automatically completed.

[0019] 3. In the present invention, when the angle head is assembled onto the machine tool, since there will be an angular deviation in the angle head installed on the machine tool, it is necessary to correct the deflection position of the main shaft of the angle head. The adjusting screw is loosened. At this time, the middle shaft housing does not restrict the angle head housing, and the angle head housing can rotate. The angle head housing is manually rotated, and the angle head housing drives the main shaft to rotate. The scale ring sleeved on the outer wall of the angle head housing is used to observe the deflection angle of the angle head. That is, the angle of the angle head can be finely adjusted and corrected manually, which is convenient for subsequent precise control of the rotation angle of the angle head through pneumatic means. Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural view of a pneumatic self-rotating angle head with a built-in pneumatic rotating device according to the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a side view of a pneumatic self-rotating angle head with a built-in pneumatic rotating device according to the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a Figure 2 cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of a pneumatic self-rotating angle head with a built-in pneumatic rotating device according to the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural view of the upper top plate, upper middle shell, and upper bottom plate of a pneumatic self-rotating angle head with a built-in pneumatic rotating device according to the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a front view of a pneumatic self-rotating angle head with a built-in pneumatic rotating device according to the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural view of the upper middle shell and middle gasket ring of a pneumatic self-rotating angle head with a built-in pneumatic rotating device according to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a Figure 6 top view of a pneumatic self-rotating angle head with a built-in pneumatic rotating device according to the present invention.

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic structural view of the upper middle shell of a pneumatic self-rotating angle head with a built-in pneumatic rotating device according to the present invention.

[0028] Figure 9 This is a schematic structural view of the upper top plate of a pneumatic self-rotating angle head with a built-in pneumatic rotating device according to the present invention.

[0029] Figure 10 This is a schematic structural view of the upper bottom plate and middle gasket ring of a pneumatic self-rotating angle head with a built-in pneumatic rotating device according to the present invention.

[0030] Figure 11 This is a schematic structural view of the upper bottom plate, middle gasket ring, and cylinder positioning pin of a pneumatic self-rotating angle head with a built-in pneumatic rotating device according to the present invention.

[0031] Figure 12 This is a schematic structural view of the upper bottom plate of a pneumatic self-rotating angle head with a built-in pneumatic rotating device according to the present invention.

[0032] Figure 13 This is a schematic structural view of the middle gasket ring and middle turntable of a pneumatic self-rotating angle head with a built-in pneumatic rotating device according to the present invention.

[0033] Figure 14 Structural schematic diagram of the middle cushion ring of a pneumatic self-rotating angle head with a built-in pneumatic rotating device according to the present invention.

[0034] Figure 15 Structural schematic diagram of the middle turntable of a pneumatic self-rotating angle head with a built-in pneumatic rotating device according to the present invention.

[0035] Figure 16 Structural schematic diagram of the gear shifting piece and spring sleeve of a pneumatic self-rotating angle head with a built-in pneumatic rotating device according to the present invention.

[0036] Figure 17 Structural schematic diagram of the lower top plate of a pneumatic self-rotating angle head with a built-in pneumatic rotating device according to the present invention.

[0037] Figure 18 Structural schematic diagram of the lower middle shell of a pneumatic self-rotating angle head with a built-in pneumatic rotating device according to the present invention.

[0038] Figure 19 Structural schematic diagram of the lower bottom plate of a pneumatic self-rotating angle head with a built-in pneumatic rotating device according to the present invention.

[0039] Figure 20 Structural schematic diagram of the angle head housing and cylinder housing of a pneumatic self-rotating angle head with a built-in pneumatic rotating device according to the present invention.

[0040] Reference numerals in the figure: 1, tool shank; 2, protective shell; 3, fixing bracket; 4, upper top plate; 5, upper middle shell; 501, upper air duct; 502, through hole; 6, upper bottom plate; 7, middle cushion ring; 8, lower top plate; 9, lower middle shell; 901, lower air duct; 10, lower bottom plate; 11, angle head housing; 12, connecting flange; 13, middle shaft housing; 14, middle shaft; 15, main shaft; 16, cylinder positioning pin; 17, middle turntable; 18, first cylinder piston; 19, adjusting screw; 20, air inlet hole; 21, rotary valve rod; 22, positioning valve rod; 23, exhaust hole; 24, tool change valve rod; 25, fixing pin; 26, gear shifting piece; 27, spring sleeve; 28, tool change air duct; 29, cylinder housing; 30, second cylinder piston; 31, ejector rod; 32, spring; 33, tool claw; 34, tool; 35, scale ring. Detailed implementation manners

[0041] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0042] Embodiment:

[0043] As shown in the attached Figure 1 to the attachedFigure 20 As shown in the figure:

[0044] A pneumatic self-rotating angle head with a built-in pneumatic rotating device, including a tool shank 1. The bottom end of the tool shank 1 is fixedly connected to a middle shaft 14 through a coupling. The middle shaft 14 is connected to a main shaft 15 through bevel gear transmission. The outer wall of the tool shank 1 is sleeved with a connecting flange 12. The lower surface of the connecting flange 12 is fixedly connected to an upper top plate 4. The lower surface of the upper top plate 4 is fixedly connected to an upper middle shell 5. The upper surface of the upper middle shell 5 is provided with an upper air passage 501. The outer wall of the upper middle shell 5 is provided with a through hole 502. Inside the through hole 502 is provided a cylinder locating pin 16. An air inlet hole 20 is provided on the outer side wall of the upper middle shell 5. A rotary valve rod 21 is fixedly installed on the outer side wall of the upper middle shell 5. A positioning valve rod 22 is installed on the other outer wall of the upper middle shell 5. The lower surface of the upper middle shell 5 is fixedly connected to an upper bottom plate 6. The lower surface of the upper bottom plate 6 is fixedly connected to a middle cushion ring 7. An exhaust hole 23 is provided on the outer wall of the middle cushion ring 7. Inside the middle cushion ring 7 is provided a middle turntable 17. The outer side of the middle turntable 17 is snap-connected with a shift piece 26. The lower surface of the middle cushion ring 7 is fixedly connected to a lower top plate 8. The lower surface of the lower top plate 8 is fixedly connected to a lower middle shell 9. The lower surface of the lower middle shell 9 is fixedly connected to a lower bottom plate 10. The outer wall of the middle shaft 14 is rotationally connected to a middle shaft housing 13 through a bearing. The bottom of the middle shaft housing 13 is fixedly connected to an angle head housing 11.

[0045] Among them:

[0046] a. A protective shell 2 is arranged outside the tool shank 1. The protective shell 2 is used for protecting the tool shank 1. The protective shell 2 is fixedly connected to the upper top plate 4. A fixing frame 3 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the lower bottom plate 10. The fixing frame 3 is used for fixedly installing the angle head.

[0047] b. The upper air passage 501 is communicated with the through hole 502, and the air inlet hole 20 is communicated with the upper air passage 501.

[0048] c. The upper middle shell 5 is circular. Both the positioning valve rod 22 and the cylinder locating pin 16 are four. The four cylinder locating pins 16 are arranged equidistantly along the axis of the upper middle shell 5. The four positioning valve rods 22 and the four cylinder locating pins 16 are communicated with each other through the upper air passage 501. The four cylinder locating pins 16 are used for positioning the rotation angle of the angle head. The four positioning valve rods 22 are respectively 90-degree, 180-degree, 270-degree, and 360-degree rotation angle control devices, so as to realize precise control of the rotation angle of the angle head.

[0049] d. A spring sleeve 27 is arranged between the shift piece 26 and the middle turntable 17. One end of the spring sleeve 27 is fixedly connected to the middle turntable 17, and the other end of the spring sleeve 27 is fixedly connected to the shift piece 26. Through the design of the spring sleeve 27, it is convenient to adjust the position of the shift piece 26 so that the shift piece 26 can retract into the middle turntable 17.

[0050] e. On both sides of the upper middle housing 5, there are fixed pins 25 sleeved. The fixed pins 25 pass through the upper bottom plate 6 and extend into the middle cushion ring 7. The fixed pins 25 are used to fixedly connect the upper middle housing 5, the upper bottom plate 6 and the middle cushion ring 7.

[0051] Among them:

[0052] f. The top end of the middle shaft housing 13 is fixedly connected to the middle turntable 17 by screws. The top of the angle head housing 11 is threadedly connected with an adjusting screw 19. The other end of the adjusting screw 19 is threadedly connected to the middle shaft housing 13. When the adjusting screw 19 is loosened, at this time the middle shaft housing 13 does not restrict the angle head housing 11, and the angle head housing 11 can rotate. A scale ring 35 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the angle head housing 11. The deflection angle of the angle head can be observed through the scale ring 35 sleeved on the outer wall of the angle head housing 11.

[0053] g. An air duct 901 is opened on the outer wall of the bottom of the lower middle housing 9. A cylinder piston 18 is sleeved inside the lower middle housing 9. A tool change valve rod 24 is fixedly installed on the outer side wall of the lower middle housing 9.

[0054] h. The main shaft 15 is located inside the angle head housing 11. An annular air duct is opened at the top end of the middle shaft housing 13. Tool change air ducts 28 are opened inside both the middle shaft housing 13 and the angle head housing 11. A cylinder housing 29 is fixedly installed on one side of the angle head housing 11. The other end of the tool change air duct 28 extends into the cylinder housing 29. A cylinder piston 30 is arranged inside the cylinder housing 29. A push rod 31 is arranged inside the main shaft 15. A spring 32 is arranged at one end of the push rod 31. The other end of the main shaft 15 is fixedly connected to a tool claw 33. A tool 34 is clamped at the other end of the tool claw 33.

[0055] Specific usage method and function of this embodiment:

[0056] When the angle head is assembled to the machine tool, since there will be an angular deviation in the angle head installed on the machine tool, it is necessary to correct the deflection position of the main shaft 15 of the angle head. Loosen the adjusting screw 19. At this time, the middle shaft housing 13 does not restrict the angle head housing 11, and the angle head housing 11 can rotate. Manually rotate the angle head housing 11. The angle head housing 11 drives the main shaft 15 to rotate. The deflection angle of the angle head can be observed through the scale ring 35 sleeved on the outer wall of the angle head housing 11, that is, the angle of the angle head can be finely adjusted and corrected, which is convenient for subsequent precise control of the rotation angle of the angle head through pneumatic means;

[0057] For the above structure and process, please refer to Figure 3-4 .

[0058] When it is necessary to adjust the direction of the spindle head, press the rotary valve stem 21, and the air holes in the upper middle housing 5 are opened through the rotary valve stem 21. Press the positioning valve stem 22. The positioning valve stem 22 is a rotation angle control device for 90 degrees, 180 degrees, 270 degrees, and 360 degrees respectively. High-pressure gas enters the upper middle housing 5 through the air inlet hole 20. The gas in the upper middle housing 5 enters the middle gasket ring 7 through the air holes in the upper middle housing 5. The differential pressure of air pressure is used to push the dividing piece 26 inside the middle gasket ring 7 to move. The dividing piece 26 pushes the middle turntable 17 to rotate. The middle turntable 17 is fixedly connected to the middle shaft housing 13, and the middle shaft housing 13 drives the angle head housing 11 to rotate. The angle head housing 11 drives the main shaft 15 to rotate, so as to realize the adjustment of the angle head direction. At the same time, the positioning valve stem 22 controls the movement of the corresponding cylinder positioning pin 16. When the angle head moves to the appropriate position, the cylinder positioning pin 16 will block the through hole 502 in the upper middle housing 5. At this time, the angle head will stop rotating, so as to realize the precise control of the rotation angle of the angle head;

[0059] Please refer to the above structure and process Figure 1-19 。

[0060] At the same time, when it is necessary to replace the tool 34, press the tool change valve stem 24 at the lower middle housing 9, and the lower air duct 901 in the lower middle housing 9 is opened through the tool change valve stem 24. The gas enters the tool change air duct 28 through the lower air duct 901. Since the top of the angle head housing 11 is provided with an annular air duct, when the angle head housing 11 is finely adjusted and rotated, it does not affect the connection between the tool change air duct 28 in the middle shaft housing 13 and the tool change air duct 28 in the angle head housing 11. The gas enters the cylinder housing 29 through the tool change air duct 28. The cylinder piston two 30 in the cylinder housing 29 is pushed by the high-pressure gas. The cylinder piston two 30 pushes the ejector rod 31 to move towards the tool claw 33, so that the port of the tool claw 33 is loosened. At this time, the tool 34 clamped on the tool claw 33 can be removed. After the tool is taken out, the new tool 34 is sent into the port of the tool claw 33. Pull the tool change valve stem 24, and the gas in the cylinder housing 29 is discharged to the outside through the exhaust hole 23. The external force acting on the cylinder housing 29 is cancelled. The ejector rod 31 returns to its original position under the action of the spring 32. The ejector rod 31 drives the tool claw 33 to return to its original state. The tool claw 33 clamps the tool 34 tightly. Through the above process, the functions of locking and loosening the machining tool handle are realized, and the whole process of tool change of the angle head is automatically completed.

[0061] Please refer to the above structure and process Figure 3-20 。

[0062] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0063] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0064] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, making equivalent substitutions or changes, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pneumatic self-rotating angle head with a built-in pneumatic rotating device, including a tool shank (1), characterized in that, The bottom end of the tool shank (1) is fixedly connected with a central shaft (14) through a coupling. The central shaft (14) is connected with a main shaft (15) through bevel gear transmission. A connecting flange (12) is sleeved on the outer wall of the tool shank (1). The lower surface of the connecting flange (12) is fixedly connected with an upper top plate (4). The lower surface of the upper top plate (4) is fixedly connected with an upper middle shell (5). An upper air passage (501) is opened on the upper surface of the upper middle shell (5). A through hole (502) is opened on the outer wall of the upper middle shell (5). A cylinder locating pin (16) is arranged inside the through hole (502). An air inlet hole (20) is opened on the outer side wall of the upper middle shell (5). A rotary valve rod (21) is fixedly installed on the outer side wall of the upper middle shell (5). A positioning valve rod (22) is installed on the outer wall on the other side of the upper middle shell (5). The lower surface of the upper middle shell (5) is fixedly connected with an upper bottom plate (6). The lower surface of the upper bottom plate (6) is fixedly connected with a middle cushion ring (7). An exhaust hole (23) is opened on the outer wall of the middle cushion ring (7). A middle turntable (17) is arranged inside the middle cushion ring (7). A shifting piece (26) is clamped on the outer side of the middle turntable (17). The lower surface of the middle cushion ring (7) is fixedly connected with a lower top plate (8). The lower surface of the lower top plate (8) is fixedly connected with a lower middle shell (9). The lower surface of the lower middle shell (9) is fixedly connected with a lower bottom plate (10). The outer wall of the central shaft (14) is rotationally connected with a central shaft housing (13) through a bearing. The bottom of the central shaft housing (13) is fixedly connected with an angle head housing (11); A protective shell (2) is arranged outside the tool shank (1). The protective shell (2) is fixedly connected with the upper top plate (4). A fixing frame (3) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the lower bottom plate (10); The upper air passage (501) is communicated with the through hole (502). The air inlet hole (20) is communicated with the upper air passage (501); The upper middle shell (5) is circular. Both the positioning valve rod (22) and the cylinder locating pin (16) are four in number. The four cylinder locating pins (16) are arranged equidistantly along the axis of the upper middle shell (5). The four positioning valve rods (22) and the four cylinder locating pins (16) are communicated with each other through the upper air passage (501); A spring sleeve (27) is arranged between the shifting piece (26) and the middle turntable (17). One end of the spring sleeve (27) is fixedly connected with the middle turntable (17). The other end of the spring sleeve (27) is fixedly connected with the shifting piece (26); Fixing pins (25) are sleeved on both sides of the upper middle shell (5). The fixing pins (25) penetrate through the upper bottom plate (6) and extend into the middle cushion ring (7); The top end of the central shaft housing (13) is fixedly connected with the middle turntable (17) by screws. An adjusting screw (19) is threadedly connected to the top of the angle head housing (11). The other end of the adjusting screw (19) is threadedly connected with the central shaft housing (13). A scale ring (35) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the angle head housing (11); The bottom outer wall of the lower middle shell (9) is provided with a lower air duct (901). A first cylinder piston (18) is sleeved inside the lower middle shell (9). A tool changing valve rod (24) is fixedly installed on the outer side wall of the lower middle shell (9). The main shaft (15) is located inside the angle head housing (11). An annular air duct is provided at the top end of the middle shaft housing (13). Tool changing air ducts (28) are provided inside both the middle shaft housing (13) and the angle head housing (11). A cylinder housing (29) is fixedly installed on one side of the angle head housing (11). The other end of the tool changing air duct (28) extends into the cylinder housing (29). A second cylinder piston (30) is arranged inside the cylinder housing (29). A push rod (31) is arranged inside the main shaft (15). A spring (32) is arranged at one end of the push rod (31). The other end of the main shaft (15) is fixedly connected to a tool claw (33). A tool (34) is clamped at the other end of the tool claw (33). When it is necessary to adjust the direction of the indexing head, press the rotary valve rod (21), and the air hole in the upper middle shell (5) is opened through the rotary valve rod (21). Press the positioning valve rod (22). The positioning valve rod (22) is a control device for 90-degree, 180-degree, 270-degree, and 360-degree rotation angles. High-pressure gas enters the upper middle shell (5) through the air inlet hole (20). The gas in the upper middle shell (5) enters the middle gasket ring (7) through the air hole in the upper middle shell (5). The differential air pressure is used to push the dividing piece (26) inside the middle gasket ring (7) to move. The dividing piece (26) pushes the middle turntable (17) to rotate. Since the middle turntable (17) is fixedly connected to the middle shaft housing (13), the middle shaft housing (13) drives the angle head housing (11) to rotate. The angle head housing (11) drives the main shaft (15) to rotate, thereby realizing the adjustment of the angle head direction. At the same time, the positioning valve rod (22) controls the corresponding cylinder positioning pin (16) to move. When the angle head moves to a suitable position, the cylinder positioning pin (16) will block the through hole (502) in the upper middle shell (5). At this time, the angle head will stop rotating, thereby realizing the precise control of the rotation angle of the angle head.

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