A tower bolt condition monitoring method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a tower bolt status monitoring method, comprising the following steps: obtaining the vibration signal of the wind turbine at different wind speed sections; using the vibration signal for analysis to establish a vibration low-frequency component database; comparing the low-frequency component integral in the vibration low-frequency component database with a set standard, and alarming when the standard is exceeded. By monitoring the vibration signal, it can be systematically applied to the tower connection bolts of wind turbines, especially the connection bolts of high towers and super-high towers, so that the bolt status can be monitored in real time, the loosening of the bolts can be discovered in time, and an early warning can be sent to relevant personnel. It can play a better protective effect, effectively ensure the safe operation of the wind farm, and reduce the economic losses caused by accidents.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of wind turbine monitoring, and in particular relates to a tower bolt status monitoring method. Background Art

[0002] With the large-scale development and utilization of wind energy resources on the road, the speed of wind turbines developing towards high towers and large diameters has further accelerated. At present, the mainstream hub height has reached 120, 140m, and even 160m. The forces exerted on wind turbines at this height level at different wind speeds vary greatly. Coupled with the load influence caused by the rotation of the three blades of the wind turbine, the tower is subjected to unstable impact loads. The bolts connecting each section of the tower have been operating for a long time under this variable load stress. The phenomenon of bolt loosening is more serious, and even fatigue fracture may occur. There is a great safety hazard of tower collapse, which is easy to cause serious safety accidents and economic losses. Therefore, it is very necessary and critical to monitor the status of the bolts in real time, detect loose bolts in time, and deal with them in time. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to overcome the defects of the above-mentioned prior art and fill the gap in the field, the present invention provides a tower bolt status monitoring method. It can be systematically applied to the tower connection bolts of wind turbines, especially the connection bolts of high towers and super-high towers, and can monitor the bolt status in real time, detect bolt loosening in time, and send an early warning to relevant personnel. It can play a better protective effect and ensure the safe operation of wind farms.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following scheme:

[0005] A tower bolt status monitoring method comprises the following steps:

[0006] Obtain the vibration signal of the fan at different wind speed ranges;

[0007] Utilizing the vibration signal for analysis to establish a vibration low-frequency component database;

[0008] The low-frequency component integral in the vibration low-frequency component database is compared with a set standard, and an alarm is issued when the standard is exceeded.

[0009] Optionally, a vibration sensor is used to obtain vibration signals of the fan at different wind speed ranges.

[0010] Optionally, the vibration sensor is arranged on the front side of the fan.

[0011] Optionally, the vibration sensor is arranged on the edge of the yaw meshing tooth of the wind turbine.

[0012] Optionally, the vibration signal is analyzed by a vibration spectrum analysis system to establish a vibration low-frequency component database, wherein the vibration spectrum analysis system is arranged inside a cabin of the wind turbine.

[0013] Optionally, the signal output end of the vibration sensor is connected to the signal input end of the vibration spectrum analysis system in a wired or wireless manner.

[0014] Optionally, the vibration signal is a vibration signal of the fan during the period from 240 hours of operation acceptance to 180 days of operation.

[0015] Optionally, the wind speed segment includes a full wind speed segment from 0 m / s to a maximum wind speed once in 50 years in a wind resource assessment of the wind farm where the wind turbine is located.

[0016] Optionally, the maximum wind speed of the wind farm once in 50 years is 37.8 m / s.

[0017] Optionally, when the wind speed is less than or equal to 30 m / s, the wind speed segment interval is 1 m / s; when the wind speed is greater than 30 m / s, the wind speed segment interval is 2 m / s.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0019] The tower bolt status monitoring method provided by the embodiment of the present invention can be systematically applied to the tower connection bolts of wind turbines, especially the connection bolts of high towers and super high towers, by monitoring vibration signals. It can monitor the bolt status in real time, detect bolt loosening in time, and send an early warning to relevant personnel. It can play a good protective effect, effectively ensure the safe operation of wind farms, and reduce economic losses caused by accidents. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0021] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the tower bolt status monitoring method provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0023] The following detailed description is an exemplary description, which is intended to provide further detailed description of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical terms used in the present invention have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art to which the present application belongs. The terms used in the present invention are only for describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit exemplary embodiments according to the present invention.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a tower bolt status monitoring method, comprising the following steps:

[0025] Step 101: Install a vibration sensor on the front of the fan; specifically, the steps include:

[0026] First, determine the yaw "0" angle position as the front of the wind turbine, and then select a specific position on the front of the wind turbine close to the edge of the yaw meshing tooth to install the vibration sensor.

[0027] As an example of this embodiment, the vibration sensor should be mainly a vibration velocity sensor, and wireless connection or wired connection can be selected according to on-site needs; wireless connection means installing a vibration signal wireless sending device on the velocity sensor, and the signal can be sent to the cabin wirelessly; wired connection means transmitting the signal directly to the cabin through a signal line at the installation position of the vibration sensor.

[0028] Step 102: Based on the vibration sensor, a vibration spectrum analysis system is configured to receive the vibration signal transmitted by the vibration sensor, as follows:

[0029] As a specific embodiment, the vibration spectrum analysis system is directly installed in the wind turbine cabin and connected to the vibration sensor via a wired or wireless method; the power supply used by the vibration spectrum analysis system should be directly connected to the system in the cabin.

[0030] Step 103: In the initial stage of production, the integral of the low-frequency component of vibration at different yaw angles at different wind speeds is established;

[0031] Applied to the embodiment of the present invention, vibration signals under different wind speed sections and analysis results given by the vibration spectrum analysis system are collected; and a vibration low-frequency component integral database is established.

[0032] As an example, the initial stage of commissioning should be the period from when the wind turbine passes the 240-hour operation acceptance to 180 days of operation;

[0033] As an example, the wind speed segment should cover the full wind speed segment from 0m / s to the maximum wind speed once in 50 years in the wind resource assessment of the wind farm. The maximum wind speed once in 50 years for this wind farm is 37.8m / s. According to the rule that when the wind speed is less than or equal to 30m / s, the wind speed segment interval is 1m / s; when the wind speed is greater than 30m / s, the wind speed segment interval is 2m / s, 33 wind speed segments are determined.

[0034] Step 104: Under certain wind speed conditions and certain yaw angles, compare the low-frequency component of the vibration with a set standard;

[0035] Step 105: issuing an early warning based on the result of the determination of the status of the wind turbine tower bolts; when the integrated amount of the low-frequency component of the comparative vibration exceeds the determined integrated amount standard of the low-frequency component of vibration; issuing an early warning to the operation and maintenance personnel; prompting them to perform offline maintenance on the status of the tower bolts.

[0036] Step 106: Detect specific loose locations through tracking analysis and offline monitoring flow.

[0037] Specifically, after receiving the early warning from the system; track the vibration signal, vibration spectrum and wind speed and direction; determine the stress condition of the tower based on the geometric dimensions of the wind turbine tower, nacelle, blades and other components, and analyze the relationship between the vibration signal, vibration spectrum and wind speed and direction; determine several potential wind direction sectors and tower sections where bolts are loose; shut down the wind turbine; separately inspect the wind direction sectors and tower sections; and determine the specific locations where the bolts are loose.

[0038] It is known from common technical knowledge that the present invention can be implemented by other embodiments that do not deviate from its spirit or essential features. Therefore, the above disclosed embodiments are only illustrative in all respects and are not exclusive. All changes within the scope of the present invention or within the scope equivalent to the present invention are included in the present invention.

Claims

1. A tower bolt status monitoring method, characterized in that: The steps include: The vibration signal of the fan at different wind speed ranges is obtained by a vibration sensor; the vibration sensor is arranged on the edge of the yaw meshing tooth on the front of the fan; Utilizing the vibration signal for analysis to establish a vibration low-frequency component database; Comparing the low-frequency component integral in the vibration low-frequency component database with the set standard, and giving an alarm when the standard is exceeded; specifically, giving an early warning to the operation and maintenance personnel when the low-frequency component integral exceeds the set standard, prompting them to perform offline maintenance on the tower bolt status; The specific loose parts are found through tracking analysis and offline monitoring flow. Specifically, after receiving the early warning issued by the system; tracking the vibration signal, vibration spectrum and wind speed and direction; determining the stress condition of the tower according to the geometric dimensions of the wind turbine tower, nacelle and blade components, and analyzing the relationship between the vibration signal, vibration spectrum and wind speed and direction; determining several potential wind direction sectors and tower sections where bolts are loose; shutting down the wind turbine; separately inspecting the wind direction sectors and tower sections; and determining the specific parts of the loose bolts.

2. The tower bolt status monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibration signal is analyzed by a vibration spectrum analysis system to establish a vibration low-frequency component database, wherein the vibration spectrum analysis system is arranged inside a cabin of the wind turbine.

3. The tower bolt status monitoring method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The signal output end of the vibration sensor is connected to the signal input end of the vibration spectrum analysis system in a wired or wireless manner.

4. The tower bolt status monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibration signal is the vibration signal of the fan during the period from 240h operation acceptance to 180 days of operation.

5. The tower bolt status monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wind speed section includes the full wind speed section from 0 m / s to the maximum wind speed once in 50 years in the wind resource assessment of the wind farm where the wind turbine is located.

6. The tower bolt status monitoring method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The maximum wind speed of the wind farm once in 50 years is 37.8 m / s.

7. The tower bolt status monitoring method according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the wind speed is less than or equal to 30m / s, the wind speed interval is 1m / s; when the wind speed is greater than 30m / s, the wind speed interval is 2m / s.

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