Macroscopic laser traction method in rarefied gas, macroscopic laser traction device and application

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of laser technology, and discloses a macroscopic laser traction method, a macroscopic laser traction device and applications in rarefied gas. A macroscopic-scale graphene aerogel / silicon dioxide double layer is placed in a rarefied gas; the silicon dioxide layer is irradiated with a laser beam; the graphene aerogel / silicon dioxide double layer material and related objects are subjected to macroscopic-scale laser traction in a rarefied gas. Compared with the prior art, the present invention overcomes the microscopic-scale limitation of the existing optical traction technology on the towed object, can realize macroscopic-scale laser traction, and can realize non-contact traction of the graphene aerogel / silicon dioxide double layer or other related objects without any fuel. The traction force is much greater than the light pressure (radiation pressure), and the whole process is simple, efficient, green and environmentally friendly, and has broad application prospects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of laser technology, and in particular relates to a macro laser traction method in rarefied gas, a macro laser traction device and applications. Background Art

[0002] Around 2010, the disruptive concept of "optical traction" was first proposed, that is, a light beam exerts a pulling force on an object, which is the opposite of light propulsion. As a new way of light manipulation, optical traction has great application potential in the fields of opto-mechanical systems, military reconnaissance, space flight, etc., and is a current research hotspot in laser technology.

[0003] So far, there are very few means to achieve optical traction. Optical tweezers based on photon momentum transfer can achieve the movement and traction manipulation of nanoparticles and micron cells, and special Bessel beams can achieve the traction movement of micro-nanoscale objects, but neither can achieve macroscopic optical traction. Light sails based on radiation pressure can achieve macroscopic optical propulsion, but cannot achieve beam traction. Laser ablation-induced high-pressure plasma can achieve optical propulsion, but it also cannot achieve optical traction, and it requires the consumption of target materials.

[0004] Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the existing technology are as follows: (1) The existing laser traction technology is only applicable to objects at the nanometer or micrometer scale, and cannot achieve laser traction of macroscopic objects. (2) The laser traction process of the existing technology is cumbersome and has strict requirements on the beam quality and energy distribution.

[0005] The difficulty in solving the above problems and defects is that the existing laser traction technology is applicable to micro-nano-scale objects in principle, but it is difficult to achieve macro-scale laser traction. It is not only technically difficult, but also there are a lot of unresolved scientific problems. It is necessary to introduce a new laser traction mechanism at the physical level to break through the existing difficulties.

[0006] The significance of solving the above problems and defects is that the application scope of laser traction can be greatly expanded from the micro-nano scale to the macro scale, which will have a far-reaching impact in various fields such as opto-mechanical systems, light-controlled flight, and military reconnaissance. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to overcome the problems existing in the related art, the embodiments disclosed in the present invention provide a macroscopic laser traction method, a macroscopic laser traction device and applications in a rarefied gas.

[0008] The technical solution is as follows: A macroscopic laser traction method in a rarefied gas, comprising:

[0009] (1) Placing a macroscopic graphene aerogel / silicon dioxide bilayer structure in a rarefied gas;

[0010] (2) irradiating the silicon dioxide layer with a laser beam to obtain traction;

[0011] (3) Macroscale laser traction of graphene aerogel / silicon dioxide bilayer materials and related objects in rarefied gases.

[0012] In one embodiment, in step (1), the graphene aerogel / silicon dioxide double-layer structure before laser traction is in a suspended or horizontally placed state according to the specific application;

[0013] The rarefied gas environment is an artificial gas environment of a vacuum chamber containing rarefied gas, or a natural gas environment; the rarefied gas includes air, argon, and nitrogen; the gas pressure of the rarefied gas is 0.01-1000 Pa.

[0014] In one embodiment, the graphene aerogel / silicon dioxide double-layer structure in step (1) is in the form of a thin sheet or a thin plate, and the thickness of the graphene aerogel layer is equal to that of the silicon dioxide layer; the interior of the graphene aerogel is a cross-linked porous structure of a single or multiple graphene layers; and the silicon dioxide layer is a transparent insulating thin layer structure of quartz, ordinary glass or aluminum oxide.

[0015] In one embodiment, the ratio of the lateral dimension in the in-plane direction to the thickness of the graphene aerogel / silicon dioxide double-layer structure in step (1) is greater than 10 times; the lateral external dimension is in the millimeter, centimeter or meter level.

[0016] In one embodiment, the laser energy density in step (2) is less than 20 W / cm 2 ; The laser incident angle can be arbitrarily selected according to actual requirements; the laser beam is either parallel light or a focused beam, so that the laser beam can pass through the silicon dioxide layer and reach the inside or surface of the graphene aerogel; the laser beam is a continuous laser or a pulsed laser; the wavelength is in the ultraviolet to infrared band.

[0017] In one embodiment, the movement direction vector of the laser traction in step (3) is perpendicular to the graphene aerogel / silicon dioxide double-layer structure, and the angle between the movement direction vector and the laser incident direction vector is an obtuse angle; the laser is incident perpendicular to the graphene aerogel / silicon dioxide double-layer structure, then the laser traction direction is opposite to the laser incident direction; after the laser is turned off, the traction force drops to zero.

[0018] In one embodiment, when the laser power is 10 mW in the macro-scale laser traction performed in step (3), the laser traction force is 1 μN.

[0019] In one embodiment, the graphene aerogel / silicon dioxide double-layer structure is directly towed by a laser beam or other payloads are added to the graphene aerogel / silicon dioxide double-layer structure to further perform laser towing of complex structures and payloads; the payloads include: PET plastic sheets, micro-nano detectors, and micro-nano sensor lightweight structures.

[0020] Another object of the present invention is to provide a device for realizing macroscopic laser traction, comprising a torsion pendulum device, wherein a graphene aerogel / glass double-layer structure is fixed together with a PET plastic sheet and suspended on a metal bracket of the torsion pendulum device;

[0021] The torsion pendulum device is placed in a transparent vacuum chamber filled with air; an air pump is used to evacuate the air pressure in the vacuum chamber to create a rarefied gas environment;

[0022] The laser beam is irradiated from right to left onto the glass surface of the graphene aerogel / glass double-layer structure; the spot diameter is in the millimeter order.

[0023] Another object of the present invention is to provide an application of the macroscopic laser traction method in rarefied gas to laser traction in commercial, scientific research, information and military fields, as well as application of macroscopic laser traction in material processing and measurement control and medical application fields.

[0024] Combining all the above technical solutions, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0025] The present invention can realize macroscopic laser traction of graphene aerogel / silicon dioxide double layer and its associated objects in rarefied gas.

[0026] The laser traction force that can be obtained by the invention is 3 to 4 orders of magnitude higher than the light pressure, and its magnitude is mainly determined by the laser power. When the laser power is 10mW, the laser traction force is about 1μN.

[0027] The laser beam described in the present invention is a continuous laser or a pulsed laser; the wavelength is in the ultraviolet to infrared band, preferably in the visible band.

[0028] The laser traction distance described in the present invention is not limited in principle, and continuous and uninterrupted traction can be achieved under laser irradiation.

[0029] The graphene aerogel / silicon dioxide double layer described in the present invention does not suffer any loss or damage during the laser traction process and does not require any fuel replenishment.

[0030] The laser traction object described in the present invention should include a graphene aerogel / silicon dioxide double layer and may also be associated with other effective payloads.

[0031] The material exerts a force directed toward the light source, which manifests as a traction force on the laser.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention overcomes the microscale limitation of the existing optical traction technology on the towed object, can realize macroscale laser traction, and can achieve non-contact traction of graphene aerogel / silicon dioxide double layer or other related objects without any fuel. The traction force is much greater than the light pressure (radiation pressure). The whole process is simple, efficient, green and environmentally friendly, and has broad application prospects.

[0033] The existing technology is simply unable to achieve the light beam traction of macroscopic objects. The present invention realizes the laser traction motion of the macroscopic pendulum device. And the present invention uses the optical lever method to measure its traction force. When the laser power is only 10mW, the traction force is as high as 1μN. If a higher laser power is used, a greater traction force of more than mN can be generated, and in principle there is no upper limit.

[0034] It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the present disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure.

[0036] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the macroscopic laser traction method in rarefied gas provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] FIG. 2 is a diagram of an experimental device of Example 1 and Example 2 provided in an embodiment of the present invention; wherein, Figure 2A Schematic diagram of the laser-driven torsion pendulum device; Figure 2B This is a real picture of the back of the torsion pendulum;

[0038] Figure 2C This is a real picture of the torsion pendulum hanging on the bracket; Figure 2D This is a real picture of the vacuum chamber containing rarefied gas and the internal torsion pendulum;

[0039] In the figure: 1. Graphene aerogel; 2. Front of macro laser traction device; 3. Back of macro laser traction device; 4. Laser; 5. Silica thin glass; 6. PET sheet; 7. Suspension wire.

[0040] FIG3 is a diagram showing the effect of a laser traction experiment using laser beams of different wavelengths in Example 1 provided by an embodiment of the present invention; wherein, Figure 3A This is the torsion position diagram before 532nm laser pulling; Figure 3B This is a real picture of the 532nm laser traction process; Figure 3C The torsion pendulum position after 1.48s of 532nm laser traction (the dotted line is the initial position); Figure 3D This is the torsion position diagram before 488nm laser pulling; Figure 3E This is a real picture of the 488nm laser traction process; Figure 3F The torsion pendulum position after 488nm laser traction for 2.16s (the dotted line is the initial position); Figure 3G This is the torsion position diagram before 360nm laser pulling; Figure 3H This is a real picture of the 360nm laser traction process; Fig. 3I This is the torsion pendulum position (the dotted line is the initial position) after 360nm laser traction for 2.40s.

[0041] FIG4 is a diagram showing the effect of a laser traction experiment using laser beams of different powers in Example 2 provided by an embodiment of the present invention; wherein, Figure 4A This is the static position diagram of the torsion pendulum before 488nm laser pulling; Figure 4B This is the static position diagram of the torsion pendulum after being pulled by 488nm laser (17mW); Figure 4C This is the static position diagram of the torsion pendulum after being pulled by 488nm laser (34mW); Figure 4D This is the static position diagram of the torsion pendulum after being pulled by 488nm laser (51mW); Figure 4E This is the static position diagram of the torsion pendulum after being pulled by 488nm laser (68mW); Figure 4F This is the static position diagram of the torsion pendulum after being pulled by 488nm laser (85mW).

[0042] Figure 5 This is a characterization result diagram of a scanning electron microscope (model SU8000) provided in an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the graphene aerogel material was purchased from Pioneer Nano Corporation.

[0043] Figure 6 It is a Raman spectrum (model: Renishaw invia, Renishaw) measurement data diagram provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present invention, so the present invention is not limited by the specific implementation disclosed below.

[0045] The graphene aerogel material used in the present invention was purchased from Pioneer Nano, and the internal structure was characterized by a scanning electron microscope (model SU8000, Hitachi, Japan). Figure 5 The Raman spectrum (model: Renishawinvia, Renishaw, UK) is shown in Figure 6 .

[0046] The vacuum chamber and the exhaust system in the embodiment of the present invention are provided by an ion sputtering apparatus (model: KYKY SBC-12, manufactured by Zhongke Instrument).

[0047] The laser power data of the present invention is measured by a nanowatt-level high-precision laser power meter (model THORLABS PM100A).

[0048] The brand and model of the 360nm laser used in the embodiment of the present invention is MSL-FN-360, CNI; the brand and model of the 532nm laser is OXlasers; and the brand and model of the 488nm laser is Coherent Sapphire.

[0049] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0050] like Figure 1 As shown, the macroscopic laser traction method in rarefied gas provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0051] 1) Place a macroscopic graphene aerogel / silicon dioxide double-layer structure in a rarefied gas. Depending on the specific application, the double-layer structure before laser traction can be in a suspended or horizontal state. The rarefied gas environment here can be either an artificial gas environment (such as a vacuum chamber containing rarefied gas) or a natural gas environment (such as the Earth's near-space in the upper atmosphere, the surface of Mars and the Martian atmosphere, etc.). The rarefied gas here only refers to the molecular free path (air pressure) characteristics, and there is no restriction on the chemical elements of the gas molecules. In the graphene aerogel / silicon dioxide double-layer structure, the thickness of the two layers is similar, and the lateral dimension in the in-plane direction is generally more than 10 times the thickness, that is, the overall structure is a thin sheet or thin plate. The lateral dimension of the double-layer structure should be designed specifically according to the actual application.

[0052] 2) Use a laser beam to irradiate the silicon dioxide layer. The laser spot size should not be too small to obtain effective traction. The laser energy density should be less than 20W / cm 2 , to avoid damage to the graphene aerogel. The laser energy density should be reasonably selected according to the required traction force. The laser incident angle can be selected arbitrarily. Generally speaking, the traction force is the largest when it is vertically incident. The laser beam can be either a parallel light or a focused beam, but it must be ensured that the laser beam can pass through the silicon dioxide layer and reach the inside or surface of the graphene aerogel.

[0053] 3) Macro-scale laser traction of graphene aerogel / silicon dioxide double-layer materials and related objects in rarefied gas. The motion direction vector of laser traction is generally perpendicular to the double-layer structure, and the angle with the laser incident direction vector is an obtuse angle. In the simplest case, if the laser is incident perpendicular to the double-layer structure, the laser traction direction is exactly opposite to the laser incident direction. As long as the laser is incident on the double layer, traction movement can occur, and after the laser is turned off, the traction force quickly drops to zero. There is no theoretical limit to the traction distance, which can be millimeter level or macroscopic ultra-long distances of more than kilometers. The graphene aerogel / silicon dioxide double-layer structure here can be directly towed by the laser beam. In addition, other payloads can be added to the double-layer structure, which can further realize laser traction of complex structures and loads.

[0054] In a preferred embodiment, the rarefied gas in step 1) of the present invention can be air, argon, nitrogen and other gases, but is not limited to these gases. The pressure of the rarefied gas is generally required to be in the range of 0.01-1000 Pa.

[0055] In a preferred embodiment, the graphene aerogel in step 1) of the present invention should be a thin layer structure, and the lateral external dimensions can be in the millimeter, centimeter or meter level. The interior thereof is a cross-linked porous structure of a single or multi-layer graphene. The ratio of the lateral dimension in the in-plane direction of the graphene aerogel / silicon dioxide double-layer structure to the thickness is greater than 10 times.

[0056] In a preferred embodiment, the silicon dioxide layer in step 1) of the present invention can be quartz or ordinary glass, and its outer dimensions should be close to those of the graphene aerogel.

[0057] In a preferred embodiment, the laser beam in step 2) of the present invention is a continuous laser or a pulsed laser; the wavelength is in the ultraviolet to infrared band, preferably in the visible band.

[0058] In a preferred embodiment, the laser traction distance described in step 3) of the present invention is not limited in principle, and continuous and uninterrupted traction can be achieved under laser irradiation.

[0059] In a preferred embodiment, the laser traction force obtained in step 3) of the present invention is 3 to 4 orders of magnitude higher than the light pressure, and the magnitude is mainly determined by the laser power. When the laser power is 10 mW, the laser traction force is about 1 μN.

[0060] In a preferred embodiment, the graphene aerogel / silicon dioxide double layer described in step 3) of the present invention does not suffer any loss or damage during the laser traction process and does not require any fuel replenishment.

[0061] In a preferred embodiment, the laser traction object described in step 3) of the present invention should include a graphene aerogel / silicon dioxide double layer and may also be associated with other payloads.

[0062] In a preferred embodiment, the laser traction principle described in step 3) of the present invention is that the graphene aerogel forms a Knudsen molecular layer on the surface under the action of laser, and the molecules in the film layer exert a force pointing to the light source on the macroscopic material, which manifests as laser traction force.

[0063] In one embodiment, the graphene aerogel / silicon dioxide double-layer structure is directly towed by a laser beam or other payloads are added to the graphene aerogel / silicon dioxide double-layer structure to further perform laser towing of complex structures and payloads; the payloads include: PET plastic sheets, micro-nano detectors, and micro-nano sensor lightweight structures.

[0064] As shown in FIG2 , the present invention provides a macroscopic laser traction device, including a torsion pendulum device, a graphene aerogel / glass double-layer structure and a PET plastic sheet are fixed together and suspended on a metal bracket of the torsion pendulum device;

[0065] The torsion pendulum device is placed in a transparent vacuum chamber filled with air; an air pump is used to evacuate the air pressure in the vacuum chamber to create a rarefied gas environment;

[0066] The laser beam is irradiated from right to left on the glass surface of the graphene aerogel / glass double layer; the spot diameter is in the millimeter range.

[0067] Specifically, the macro laser traction device provided by the present invention includes: graphene aerogel 1, a front side 2 of the macro laser traction device; a back side 3 of the macro laser traction device, a laser 4, a silicon dioxide thin glass 5, a PET thin sheet 6 and a suspension wire 7.

[0068] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0069] Embodiment 1:

[0070] This embodiment demonstrates laser traction under different laser wavelengths, and the specific process includes:

[0071] (1) Figure 2A As shown in Figure 1-C, the graphene aerogel / glass double layer is fixed together with a PET plastic sheet (about 5 cm in length) according to the classic torsion pendulum model in physics and suspended on a metal bracket. Here, the PET plastic sheet can also be replaced with other loads.

[0072] (2) Figure 2D As shown, the torsion pendulum device is placed in a transparent vacuum chamber filled with air. An air pump is used to pump the air pressure in the vacuum chamber to 6 Pa to create a rarefied gas environment.

[0073] (3) Figure 3A-3CAs shown, a laser beam with a wavelength of 532nm irradiates the glass surface of the graphene aerogel / glass double layer from right to left, with a spot diameter of millimeters and a power of 60mW. Within 1.48s, obvious macroscopic laser traction phenomenon can be observed.

[0074] (4) Figure 3D-Figure 3I As shown, laser beams with wavelengths of 488nm and 360nm can also achieve laser traction.

[0075] Embodiment 2:

[0076] This example demonstrates laser pulling at different laser powers.

[0077] (1) Repeat steps 1 and 2 in Example 1.

[0078] (2) Figure 4A-4F As shown, when the power of the laser beam is increased from 17mW to 85mW, the deflection angle of the torsion pendulum gradually increases, indicating that increasing the laser power can improve the laser traction force.

[0079] As can be seen from Examples 1 and 2, the use of a graphene aerogel / glass double-layer structure can achieve macroscopic laser traction. This laser traction does not require contact and does not require any fuel. In addition, other payloads can be added to the double-layer structure. The laser traction force can be effectively regulated by the laser power. The method is simple, efficient, green and environmentally friendly, and has broad application prospects in the field of macroscopic beam manipulation.

[0080] Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate other embodiments of the present disclosure after considering the specification and practicing the disclosure disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses or adaptations of the present disclosure, which follow the general principles of the present disclosure and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art that are not disclosed in the present disclosure. The specification and examples are intended to be exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of the present disclosure are indicated by the appended claims.

[0081] It should be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the precise structures that have been described above and shown in the drawings, and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present disclosure should be limited by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A macroscopic laser traction method in rarefied gas, characterized in that: The macroscopic laser traction method in rarefied gas comprises the following steps: (1) Placing a macroscopic graphene aerogel / silicon dioxide bilayer structure in a rarefied gas; (2) Using a laser beam to irradiate the silicon dioxide layer to obtain traction; (3) Macroscale laser traction of graphene aerogel / silicon dioxide bilayer materials and related objects in rarefied gases; In step (1), the graphene aerogel / silicon dioxide double-layer structure is in a suspended or horizontally placed state before laser traction; The rarefied gas environment is an artificial gas environment of a vacuum chamber containing rarefied gas, or a natural gas environment; the rarefied gas includes air, argon, and nitrogen; the gas pressure of the rarefied gas is 0.01-1000 Pa; In step (1), the graphene aerogel / silicon dioxide double-layer structure is in the form of a thin sheet or a thin plate, and the thickness of the graphene aerogel layer and the silicon dioxide layer are equal; the interior of the graphene aerogel is a cross-linked porous structure of a single or multiple graphene layers; and the silicon dioxide layer is a transparent quartz insulating thin layer structure; In step (1), the ratio of the lateral dimension of the graphene aerogel / silicon dioxide double-layer structure in the in-plane direction to its thickness is greater than 10 times; and the lateral external dimension is in the order of millimeters, centimeters or meters; In step (2), the laser energy density is less than 20 W / cm 2 ; The laser incident angle can be selected arbitrarily; the laser beam is either parallel light or focused light beam, so that the laser beam can pass through the silicon dioxide layer and reach the inside or surface of the graphene aerogel; the laser beam is a continuous laser or a pulsed laser; the wavelength is in the ultraviolet to infrared band; In step (3), the moving direction vector of the laser traction is perpendicular to the graphene aerogel / silicon dioxide double-layer structure, and the angle between the moving direction vector of the laser traction and the incident direction vector of the laser traction is an obtuse angle; the laser traction is perpendicular to the graphene aerogel / silicon dioxide double-layer structure, and the laser traction direction is opposite to the incident direction of the laser traction; after the laser is turned off, the traction force drops to zero; When the laser power is 10 mW in the macro-scale laser traction performed in step (3), the laser traction force is 1 μN.

2. The macroscopic laser traction method in rarefied gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The graphene aerogel / silicon dioxide double-layer structure is directly pulled by a laser beam or other effective loads are added to the graphene aerogel / silicon dioxide double-layer structure to further perform laser pulling of complex structures and loads; the effective loads include: PET plastic sheets, micro-nano detectors, and micro-nano sensor lightweight structures.

3. A macroscopic laser traction device for implementing the macroscopic laser traction method in rarefied gas as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 2, comprising a torsion pendulum device, characterized in that: The graphene aerogel / silicon dioxide bilayer structure is fixed to a PET plastic sheet and suspended on a metal bracket of a torsion pendulum device; The torsion pendulum device is placed in a transparent vacuum chamber filled with air; an air pump is used to evacuate the air pressure in the vacuum chamber to create a rarefied gas environment; The laser beam is irradiated from right to left on the surface of the graphene aerogel / silicon dioxide double-layer structure; the spot diameter is in the millimeter order.

4. An application of the macroscopic laser traction method in a rarefied gas as described in any one of claims 1 to 2 in macroscopic laser traction in commercial, scientific research, information and military fields, material processing and measurement and control fields, and medical application fields.

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