Loss Standards

Abstract

The present invention relates to a loss standard device, comprising an impedance network (1) and an external interface (2), wherein the external interface (2) is connected to the impedance network (1), and the impedance network (1) comprises a capacitor (11) and a resistor (12), wherein the resistor (12) is connected in parallel with the capacitor (11). The present invention can meet the ultra-low loss factor traceability requirements of medium and high value capacitors.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a loss standard. Background Art

[0002] The loss standard is a capacitor with a standard value for loss parameters. It can be simplified to be equivalent to a passive two-terminal network. The equivalent methods include equivalent series model and equivalent parallel model. The simplified equivalent circuits of the two are as follows: Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown. Among them, C is the main capacitor, Rs is the equivalent series resistance, and Rp is the equivalent parallel resistance. In the series equivalent model, the loss factor is defined as D = jωCR s ; In the parallel equivalent model, the loss factor is defined as D = 1 / jωCR p Therefore, the loss standard equivalent series / parallel model can be used to carry out impedance network design and assist in the design of loss parameter standard values. The loss standard equivalent parallel model can also be used to calculate the insulation resistance value corresponding to each loss standard as a reference indicator for selecting connectors and auxiliary structural materials.

[0003] The existing loss standards include four-terminal loss standards and standard loss factor boxes, with a range of capacitance of 1nF-1μF and loss factor of 1×10 -4 -1, the loss factor measurement uncertainty can reach 5×10 -5 -1×10 -3 . In the prior art, mica capacitors or organic film dielectric capacitors are generally used as the main capacitors, and the series equivalent model is used for impedance network design and standard loss constant design. For example, patent CN2454883Y discloses a four-terminal standard capacitor and a standard measuring instrument for the standard loss of a four-terminal capacitor, patent CN2146718Y discloses an electronic compensation standard loss factor box, "DSD-1 type decade standard loss box" (Aerospace First Metrology and Testing Institute, Ministry of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Wen Shizhen et al., Aerospace Measurement Technology, Issue 4, 1992) and some typical products, such as CHP16805-A1 type decade standard capacitor loss box, SB2029 type decade standard capacitor loss box and CHD-1 type four-terminal pair loss standard.

[0004] It can be seen that the existing technology is limited by the mica material and organic film material. In order to meet the performance requirements of the loss standard / box, its capacitance value must be below 1μF. In addition, the existing four-terminal loss standard and standard loss factor box all adopt the series equivalent mode, that is, a precision resistor is connected in series next to the main capacitor to match the standard loss value. In this way, it will be limited by the decline of the mΩ metal foil resistance index, making it difficult for the loss standard / box to achieve <1×10 -4 The loss factor can be accurately determined. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a loss standard.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the present invention provides a loss standard, including an impedance network and an external interface, wherein the external interface is connected to the impedance network, the impedance network includes a capacitor and a resistor, and the resistor is connected in parallel with the capacitor.

[0007] According to one aspect of the present invention, the impedance network further comprises first and second ceramic insulating pillars;

[0008] The conductive core wires of the first and second ceramic insulating columns are connected to the capacitor.

[0009] According to one aspect of the present invention, the external interface includes a current, voltage low level terminal pair and a voltage, current high level terminal pair;

[0010] The conductive core wire of the current and voltage low level terminal pair is connected to the conductive core wire of the first ceramic insulating column;

[0011] The conductive core wire of the voltage and current high level terminal pair is connected to the conductive core wire of the second ceramic insulating column.

[0012] According to one aspect of the present invention, the capacitor comprises two electrodes and a dielectric material located between the two electrodes;

[0013] Electrode plates are stacked in the dielectric material.

[0014] According to one aspect of the present invention, the dielectric substance is made of nano-ceramics.

[0015] According to one aspect of the present invention, the resistor is a metal film resistor or a glass glaze film resistor, and at least one resistor is provided.

[0016] According to one aspect of the present invention, it further comprises a sealed box for containing the impedance network;

[0017] The first and second ceramic insulating columns are connected at the interface of the sealing box body.

[0018] According to one aspect of the present invention, the sealing box is made of metal, and the interior is evacuated and then an inert gas is introduced.

[0019] According to one aspect of the present invention, a shielding box is further included, wherein the sealing box is located in the shielding box.

[0020] According to one aspect of the present invention, the ceramic insulating shells of each terminal pair of the external interface are connected to the shielding box.

[0021] According to one solution of the present invention, the main capacitor and the main resistor are connected in parallel to form a parallel equivalent mode, so that the loss factor value of the loss standard reaches 1×10 -5 , the uncertainty reaches 5×10 -6 .

[0022] According to one solution of the present invention, the main capacitor is prepared by using nano-ceramic technology, so that the loss standard has a high-value capacitor of 10 μF. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing a circuit diagram of a loss standard structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the structure principle of a ceramic capacitor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 A diagram schematically showing an equivalent series model diagram of a loss standard;

[0026] Figure 4 Schematic representation of the equivalent parallel model of the loss standard. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0028] When describing the embodiments of the present invention, the orientation or positional relationship expressed by the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the relevant drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, the above terms should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0029] The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The embodiments cannot be described one by one here, but the embodiments of the present invention are not therefore limited to the following embodiments.

[0030] See also Figure 1The high-value capacitance loss standard of the present invention comprises an impedance network 1 and an external interface 2, wherein the external interface 2 is connected to the impedance network 1, and the impedance network 1 comprises a capacitor 11 and a resistor 12, wherein the resistor 12 is connected in parallel with the capacitor 11, thereby forming a parallel equivalent mode. Of course, the present invention can be configured with a plurality of resistors 12, and the resistors 12 can be selected from metal film resistors, glass glaze film resistors, etc. with high stability and low temperature coefficient. By connecting these resistors in parallel at both ends of the capacitor 11 and optimizing the circuit structure and process, the loss factor value of the loss standard can reach 1×10 -5 , the uncertainty reaches 5×10 -6 .

[0031] In the present invention, the impedance network 1 further comprises first and second ceramic insulating columns 13, 14 (i.e. nodes a and b). The conductive core E passing through the first and second ceramic insulating columns 13, 14 is connected to the c and d ends of the capacitor 11 in the impedance network 1 through the connecting posts.

[0032] In the present invention, the external interface 2 includes a current and voltage low level terminal pair 21, 22 and a voltage and current high level terminal pair 23, 24 (i.e., L CUR , L POT , H POT , H CUR , CUR represents current, POT represents voltage), so that the loss standard has four external terminal pair interfaces. Among them, the conductive core wire A of the current and voltage low level terminal pair 21, 22 is connected to the conductive core wire E in the first ceramic insulating column 13, and the conductive core wire A of the voltage and current high level terminal pair 23, 24 is connected to the conductive core wire E in the second ceramic insulating column 14. In the present invention, the current and voltage low level terminal pair 21, 22 and the voltage and current high level terminal pair 23, 24 are both BNC interfaces.

[0033] The loss standard of the present invention also includes a sealing box 3 and a shielding box 4. The sealing box 3 is used to contain the impedance network 1 and is located in the shielding box 4. The first and second ceramic insulating columns 13, 14 are welded at the interface of the sealing box 3 body, so that the impedance network 1 is airtight in the sealing box 3, and plays a role in insulation from the impedance network 1. The sealing box 3 is made of metal to form a full metal seal, and the interior is filled with inert gas after vacuuming to eliminate the influence of environmental humidity and electromagnetic interference, thereby improving the stability of the loss standard. The ceramic insulating shell B (i.e., the leather wire) of each terminal pair of the external interface 2 is connected to the shielding box 4.

[0034] See also Figure 2The capacitor 11 includes two electrodes 111 and a dielectric material 112 located between the two electrodes 111, and an electrode plate 113 is stacked in the dielectric material 112. The dielectric material 112 is made of nano-ceramics. In this way, the present invention adopts nano-ceramic technology to design and manufacture the main capacitor, that is, nano-ceramic materials processed by nano-technology are used to make the grains, grain boundaries and the combination between the two at the nano level, so that the surface energy is high and the surface atoms have high activity, so that they are easy to combine with other atoms, so that the structure is densified and uniform, which can improve the stability of the ceramic material and improve the electrical properties of the ceramic material. In addition, the use of high-quality ceramic slurry and strict control of the process flow can also reduce dielectric loss (up to 10 -6 magnitude), forming a loss standard for 10μF high-value capacitors.

[0035] In summary, the standard device set up as above can meet the traceability requirements of ultra-low loss factor of medium and high value capacitors, forming a 10nFˉ10μF high value capacitor 1×10 -5 ˉ1×10 -4 Ultra-low loss factor standard, loss factor measurement uncertainty reaches 5×10 -6 ˉ5×10 -5 , the specific indicators are shown in Table 1 below:

[0036]

[0037]

[0038] Table 1 Technical indicators of high value capacitance loss standard

[0039] The above is only one embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A loss standard, comprising an impedance network (1) and an external interface (2), wherein the external interface (2) is connected to the impedance network (1), and the impedance network (1) comprises a capacitor (11) and a resistor (12), characterized in that: Two ends of the resistor (12) are connected in parallel with two ends of the capacitor (11); The impedance network (1) further comprises first and second ceramic insulating columns (13, 14); The conductive core wires in the first and second ceramic insulating columns (13, 14) are connected to the capacitor (11); It also includes a sealing box (3) for containing the impedance network (1); the first and second ceramic insulating columns (13, 14) are connected at the interface of the sealing box (3); It also comprises a shielding box (4), wherein the sealing box (3) is located in the shielding box (4); the ceramic insulating shells of each terminal pair of the external interface (2) are connected to the shielding box (4); The resistor (12) is a metal film resistor or a glass glaze film resistor, and at least one resistor is provided; The capacitor (11) comprises two electrodes (111) and a dielectric material (112) located between the two electrodes (111); An electrode plate (113) is stacked in the dielectric substance (112); the material of the dielectric substance (112) is nano-ceramic; The range of the loss standard is 10nF~10μF for capacitance and 1×10 -5 ~1×10 -4 The uncertainty range of loss factor measurement is 5×10 -6 ~5×10 -5 .

2. The loss standard according to claim 1, characterized in that: The external interface (2) comprises a current and voltage low level terminal pair (21, 22) and a voltage and current high level terminal pair (23, 24); The conductive core wire of the current and voltage low-level terminal pair (21, 22) is connected to the conductive core wire in the first ceramic insulating column (13); The conductive core wires of the voltage and current high-level terminal pair (23, 24) are connected to the conductive core wires in the second ceramic insulating column (14).

3. The loss standard according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing box (3) is made of metal, and the interior is evacuated and then an inert gas is introduced.

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