Semi-fixed multi-layer floating pipe structure floating breakwater

Abstract

The application discloses a semi-fixed type multi-layer floating pipe structure floating breakwater, which comprises a main body structure, a cable and an anchorage structure, the main body structure comprises a plurality of breakwater unit rows, the breakwater unit rows are connected with a plurality of floating pipe units through connecting steel pipes and vertically suspended in water to form a floating body, and gaps are formed between the floating pipe units; the two sides and the bottom of the floating pipe units are respectively connected with the cable, and the cable is fixed on the anchorage structure on the seabed. The application has the advantages of being suitable for various water depths and geological conditions, especially long-period wave conditions, utilizing the multi-layer floating pipes vertically floating in water to block and stop the wave propagation and make the wave break, and the floating body floating up and down and swinging forward and backward under the action of the wave, interfering with the water particle movement of the wave and destroying the water flow structure inside the wave, so that the wave energy is reduced, and the application has the characteristics of simple and fast construction, environmental protection, and small influence of water depth on the engineering cost.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of building structures of coastal and harbor engineering, and particularly relates to a semi-fixed multi-layer floating pipe structure floating breakwater. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, in the field of coastal and harbor engineering, there are two types of breakwater structures, one is the fill structure, such as the riprap structure and the sand bag filling structure, and the other is the prefabricated installation component structure, such as the caisson structure, the semi-circular body structure and the box barrel structure. In order to achieve a satisfactory wave dissipation effect, the sectional dimension of the breakwater structure is usually large, the material consumption is large, the construction period is long, the engineering cost increases rapidly with the increase of water depth, in addition, in order to meet the requirements of safety and stability of the structure, the foundation needs to be excavated or treated, thereby causing environmental pollution and other problems.

[0003] In order to solve the problems of the traditional breakwater, considering the characteristics that the wave energy is mainly concentrated in the upper layer of the water body, the floating breakwater distributes the main energy dissipation structure in the upper layer of the water body as much as possible, the energy dissipation structure corresponds to the energy distribution of the wave, and the wave is blocked in multiple layers, thereby effectively weakening the wave energy and blocking the wave impact force, the new type of breakwater structure can provide good shelter behind the breakwater and form a relatively stable water surface. At present, there are various types of floating breakwaters, but most of them are laid on the water surface as a whole, and the wave is suppressed by the body type of the breakwater to dissipate energy. However, with the increase of the wave period and wavelength, the body type of the floating breakwater also increases. When the wave period increases to more than 10s, the wave dissipation effect of the general floating breakwater becomes poor and cannot provide effective shelter conditions. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the above problems, the purpose of the present application is to provide a semi-fixed multi-layer floating pipe structure floating breakwater which can be applied to various water depths and geological conditions, especially to long-period wave conditions. The wave is blocked by the multi-layer floating pipe floating vertically in the water body, the wave propagation is prevented, and the wave is broken. The floating body floats up and down and swings back and forth under the action of the wave, interferes with the movement of the wave water particles, and destroys the flow structure inside the wave, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing wave energy. It has the characteristics of simple and fast construction, environmental protection, and less influence of water depth on engineering cost.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is: a semi-fixed multi-layer floating pipe structure floating breakwater, comprising: a main structure, a cable and an anchorage structure, the main structure comprises a plurality of layers of breakwater unit rows, the breakwater unit rows are connected in series by connecting steel pipes and a plurality of floating pipe units and are suspended vertically in the water to form a floating body, and a spacing is provided between the floating pipe units to form an aperture; the two sides and the bottom of the floating pipe unit are respectively connected with the cable, and the other end of the cable is fixed to the anchorage structure arranged on the seabed; and the anchorage structure is an interlocking soft body row.

[0006] The floating pipe unit comprises a floating pipe and an outer layer of a tire, and an empty floating cavity is arranged on the upper layer between the floating pipes, and a connecting steel pipe is arranged on the lower layer.

[0007] The length of the floating pipe unit can be adjusted according to the water depth.

[0008] The floating pipe is a hollow steel pipe arranged in a column at a certain spacing to form a grid shape.

[0009] The height of the part of the floating pipe above the water surface is greater than the wave height.

[0010] The interlocking soft body row is a multi-section flexible structure, and is segmented with the breakwater unit row, and a ring buckle is arranged during prefabrication to facilitate the connection of the cable.

[0011] The spacing between the breakwater unit rows is one quarter of the wavelength, and the porosity of the unit row is not greater than 10%.

[0012] Three warning lights are arranged on the top of the floating pipe of each layer of breakwater unit row.

[0013] The multi-layer structure refers to that the floating breakwater blocks and dissipates the wave energy by arranging multiple layers, generally three layers, each layer being a complete independent structure, and the spacing between each layer structure being one quarter of the wavelength, so that the wave performs oscillation, collision and reflection between each layer structure after passing through the aperture of the breakwater, and repeatedly does work to dissipate energy. The hollow floating pipes are arranged at a certain spacing to form a certain porosity, and the length and gap of the floating pipes can be adjusted according to the water depth and wave conditions, so as to effectively block and dissipate the wave energy. The interlocking soft body row not only has considerable weight, but also can form friction with the seabed to provide sufficient anchoring force, and the flexible structure of the interlocking soft body row can adapt to the terrain of the seabed with ups and downs. The main structure and the interlocking soft body row can be prefabricated in the factory, which is convenient for piecewise laying and paving in the construction sea area, and can quickly provide shelter.

[0014] The beneficial effect of the present application is that the breakwater is a semi-fixed multi-layer floating pipe structure floating breakwater, which is different from the traditional breakwater structure, and does not need to build a solid dike and does not need to carry out foundation treatment, and the main body, cable and anchorage structure of the structure can be prefabricated on land in advance, and then installed in the construction water area to form an effective shelter. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 is a schematic view of a transverse section of the present application perpendicular to the axis of the breakwater;

[0016] Figure 2 is a sectional view of a single group structure of the present application;

[0017] Figure 3 is a top view of a single group structure of the present application;

[0018] Figure 4 is a front view of a single group structure of the present application.

[0019] in the figure

[0020] 1, seabed foundation soil 2, floating pipe 3, tire

[0021] 4, empty floating cavity 5, connecting steel pipe 6, warning light

[0022] 7, cable 8, interlocking soft row DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The preferred scheme of the present application will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments:

[0024] Figures 1 to 4 The semi-fixed multi-layer floating pipe structure floating breakwater shown is formed by a floating pipe unit of floating pipe 2 and tire 3, a plurality of floating pipe units are connected into a breakwater unit through empty floating cavity 4 and connecting steel pipe 5, and a plurality of breakwater units are placed along the axis of the breakwater to form a breakwater structure. The wave dissipation principle is to set floating bodies floating in water, leaving a certain gap between adjacent floating bodies, when the wave water passes through these gaps, the wave is broken, the energy is consumed, and the effect of energy dissipation is achieved. For the wave with a long period, the wave energy is not significantly weakened after passing through one layer of the above-mentioned breakwater structure, therefore, three breakwater structures are arranged at a quarter wavelength interval in the wave propagation direction, and the transmission coefficient is less than 0.5.

[0025] The present application is a semi-fixed multi-layer floating pipe structure floating breakwater, which includes floating pipe units floating on water and connected into a whole, each floating pipe unit includes floating pipe 2, tire 3 and empty floating cavity 4. The floating pipe unit is fixed to the interlocking soft row 8 arranged on the seabed through the cable 7 on both sides and the bottom.

[0026] The material of the float pipe 3 in the float pipe unit is steel pipe with an outer diameter of 0.48 m. The float pipe 2 floats in water and is divided into two sections by the air float cavity 4, with the height of the exposed water surface part being 2 m and the height below the air float cavity 4 being 5.72 m. Rubber tires 3 are installed on the float pipe, with the tire specification being 49' x 19'-20', the thickness of each tire being 0.51 m, and the outer diameter being 1.25 m. Fifteen tires of the above specification are required to be installed on each float pipe 3.

[0027] The floating breakwater of the semi-fixed multi-layer float pipe structure of the present application is realized in the following manner:

[0028] Eleven float pipe units are connected into a group of breakwater structures by the air float cavity 4 in the middle of the float pipe 2 and the connecting steel pipe 5 at the bottom, with the width of each group of breakwater structures being 15.25 m. In each group of breakwater structures, the center-to-center distance between two adjacent float pipes is 1.4 m, and the diameter of the float pipe 2 after being sleeved with the tire 3 is 1.25 m, so the gap width between two float pipe units is 0.15 m. The range of 1.8 m below the water surface is the air float cavity 4, which is shared by the group of float pipe units, has a length of 15.25 m and a thickness of 1.3 m, and provides the necessary buoyancy for the breakwater structure and also functions as a connection between the float pipe units. The connecting steel pipe 5 has an outer diameter of 0.48. The float pipe units in each group of breakwater structures are fixed to the interlocking soft mat 8 on the seabed by two side 16 cables 7 and six bottom cables 7. The length of each section of the interlocking soft mat 8 is 12.25 m, which is the same as the length of each section of the breakwater. The interlocking soft mat 8 is a multi-layer concrete interlocking soft mat body with a thickness of 1 m. Three warning lights 6 are arranged on the top of the float pipe 2 of each group of breakwater structures.

[0029] The construction process of the floating breakwater of the semi-fixed multi-layer float pipe structure is as follows:

[0030] 1) The interlocking soft mat 8, which is prefabricated on land, is thrown and filled into the predetermined position on the seabed by a mat laying ship;

[0031] 2) The float pipe 2, the tire 3, the air float cavity 4, and the connecting steel pipe 5 are assembled into a whole on the prefabrication site on land;

[0032] 3) The prefabricated breakwater structure section is lowered into the water by a ship crane or a ramp, and the float pipe 2 and the connecting steel pipe 5 are filled with water to adjust the posture, so that the breakwater stands upright in the water, and the cables are installed on both sides of the float pipe 2;

[0033] 4) The bottom cables 7 of the float pipe 2 are installed underwater and fixed to the fixed position of the interlocking soft mat 8.

[0034] 5) The warning lights 6 are installed on the top of the float pipe 2;

[0035] 6) A plurality of breakwater structure sections are arranged in sequence along the axis direction of the breakwater to complete the first row of breakwater;

[0036] 7) After the first row of breakwater quarter wavelength, the second row of breakwater is constructed in the above order, and the third row of breakwater is constructed after the second row of breakwater quarter wavelength.

[0037] The semi-fixed multi-layer floating pipe structure breakwater of the application has good energy dissipation effect by breaking waves with the space between the floating structures. The breakwater structure is simple, fast and easy to manufacture, install and remove, and the cost of the breakwater is less affected by water depth and foundation conditions. The application is suitable for building breakwaters under various foundation conditions with large water depth and long wave period.

Claims

1. A floating breakwater with a semi-fixed multi-layer floating tube structure, comprising: The main structure, cables, and anchoring structure are characterized in that: the main structure comprises several layers of breakwater unit rows, each of which is a floating body formed by connecting steel pipes and multiple floating tube units in series and vertically suspended in the water, with gaps formed between the floating tube units; cables are connected to both sides and the bottom of the floating tube units, and the other ends of the cables are fixed to the anchoring structure set on the seabed; the anchoring structure is an interlocking soft row; The floating tube unit includes a floating tube and a tire with an outer layer, an empty floating cavity is provided on the upper layer between the floating tubes, and a connecting steel pipe is provided on the lower layer; The length of the floating tube unit is adjustable; The floating tubes are hollow steel tubes arranged in rows at intervals to form a grid shape.

2. The floating breakwater of a semi-fixed multi-layer floating tube structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the portion of the floating tube above the water surface is greater than the wave height.

3. The floating breakwater of a semi-fixed multi-layer floating tube structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The interlocking soft body row is a multi-section flexible structure, which is segmented in the same way as the breakwater unit row, and buckles for connecting cables are provided during prefabrication.

4. The floating breakwater of a semi-fixed multi-layer floating tube structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The breakwater unit rows are spaced a quarter wavelength apart, and the void ratio of the unit rows is less than 10%.

5. The floating breakwater of a semi-fixed multi-layer floating tube structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Three warning lights are installed on the top of the floating tubes of each breakwater unit row.

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