Drill equipment for presenting fire and explosion scenarios and method for performing emergency drills

Abstract

The present application provides a drill device for presenting explosion and fire scenes and a method for presenting a drill scene using the drill device, especially for fire drill training for rescue personnel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to a drill device for presenting explosion and fire scenes and a method for completing a drill scene using the drill device, in particular, a method for training rescue personnel in fire drills. Background Art

[0002] At present, there are a large number of combustion, firefighting, operation and emergency-drill facilities, in which different combustion and other drill scenes are used. Such scenes that constitute the core of the drill facilities are, for example: burning single-family houses, high-rise buildings, industrial plants, airplanes, warehouses, ships, petrochemical plants or mines. Therefore, the drill scenes can be fire and smoke scenes, explosions, fire fighting, rescue, maintenance, arrest, disarming, rescue or sound scenes and / or optical scenes. Such as: fire, deflagration, explosion, leakage, hazardous materials scene, dark fire, smoke wall, gas accident, flood scene, distressed people calling for help (including testers or puppets to be rescued), robbers to be disarmed or landslide scenes (such as the remains of a building that is about to collapse) or flashing damaged circuits. However, they may also reflect or present other situations or aspects thereof that unexpectedly occur when rescuers are working. The scene may be a combination of the above situations.

[0003] The scenarios presented in such facilities reflect complex processes and possible consequences of good or bad behaviors and / or decisions. It is also possible that an explosion, including multiple explosions, could occur due to incorrect behaviors and / or decisions during the initial scenarios or developments presented.

[0004] A drawback of existing drill facilities is that it is very expensive to integrate explosions realistically. As a result, this is often not done, or people settle for less realistic substitutes such as strobe flashes and explosion sounds played over loudspeakers, which are far less effective than real explosions.

[0005] Realistic explosions with the aid of film, stage or pyrotechnics are very expensive. They usually require a lot of preparation work, which must be carried out by appropriate and authorized experts if necessary. In addition, materials are usually only used once, such as inflammable materials or explosives, which makes the scene construction very expensive. Realistic explosion effects with film, stage or pyrotechnics are also not reproducible quickly. Not to mention that the intensity of the effects mentioned can be pre-selected or influenced according to the situation. Pyrotechnic explosions (depending on the scope) also usually cause considerable damage and potential danger to the surrounding environment, which is a hindrance to realistic drill processes. The storage of raw materials for pyrotechnic explosion effects is also fraught with danger and requires the assistance of professionals. Film, stage or pyrotechnic explosion effects usually have their own, industry-standard, proprietary control systems or triggering systems, which are not designed to be integrated into the typical control systems of the above-mentioned drill facilities or the process of fire drills.

[0006] US2017 / 0261293A1 discloses a simulation device for explosion occurrence, which contains two unrelated non-explosive liquid or solid chemicals in two separate containers. After mixing them in a chamber, they are detonated using an electric igniter such as a "detonator" or a detonating cord.

[0007] No. 8,622,740 B1 discloses a simulation device for explosion occurrence, which comprises a so-called fireball generator, for example a cylindrical fluid container filled with LPG and methylacetylene, a blast simulator for generating a smoke cloud and a "sound intensifier", for example a metal tube filled with aluminum and potassium perchlorate.

[0008] Different system components can be triggered separately or together by remote control. The disadvantage is that "ammunition" needs to be provided for each system component and must be replaced manually after each firing. Summary of the invention

[0009] The purpose of this application is to establish realistic, pre-adjustable fire and explosion scenarios that can be quickly and automatically reloaded without special "ammunition", can be repeated and remotely controlled, and combined with known exercise facilities and their control systems. At the same time, actual injuries and potential dangers (of course, as in exercise facilities) should be limited to an absolute minimum and must be kept away from potential damage and injuries caused by real explosions. The limitations mentioned here not only relate to the dangers during the exercise, but also to minimize or eliminate the dangers that may arise from the storage or preservation of explosive chemicals and / or pyrotechnic presentation devices. In addition, resources that are either already available or can be obtained cheaply and easily in traditional exercise facilities should be used. The exercise equipment should also reflect fire and explosion scenarios with bangs in one equipment.

[0010] This object is achieved by the independent claims. The dependent claims provide preferred embodiments or further descriptions.

[0011] The exercise device for presenting the occurrence of fire and explosion and at least partially overlapping the presentation of flame and explosion with explosion sound in time comprises a combustion chamber and an explosion chamber. In addition, the exercise device comprises a control unit for controlling and regulating the combustion fluid to be delivered to the combustion chamber and to be ignited there, and preferably also for controlling and regulating the explosion fluid to be delivered to the explosion chamber and to be ignited there.

[0012] A drill device for presenting the occurrence of fire and explosion and presenting the flame and explosion sound at least partially overlapping in time comprises a combustion chamber, an explosion chamber and at least one control unit;

[0013] wherein the combustion chamber has an outlet as a delivery for the combustion fluid and an opening for the flame to escape and optionally an ignition device for the combustion fluid (when the explosion fluid does not ignite the combustion fluid or an additional ignition possibility is desired in the combustion chamber, for example because there is a second source of combustion fluid in addition to that from the collecting chamber); and

[0014] wherein the explosion chamber has at least one outlet as a delivery section for an explosion fluid and at least one ignition device for the explosion fluid;

[0015] Therein, at least one control unit is designed to regulate the combustion fluid supply and to ignite at least the ignition device of the explosion fluid or, further, also the ignition device of the combustion fluid.

[0016] According to one embodiment, the combustion chamber and the explosion chamber are respectively provided with ignition devices, which are also activated by the control unit in a time-coordinated manner so that when the flame from the combustion chamber is seen, the explosion sound of the ignited explosion fluid can also be heard. The explosion is a deflagration with a loud explosion sound.

[0017] According to another embodiment, only the explosion chamber is provided with an ignition device, and the combustion fluid is ignited by the explosion in the explosion chamber, because the ignited explosion fluid enters the combustion chamber and has enough energy to ignite the combustion fluid. Thus, the flame and the explosion sound are also formed almost simultaneously.

[0018] The explosion fluid is guided in batches via a conveyor, for example in the form of a hose or a pipe, into the explosion chamber and ignited. The explosion fluid is preferably generated in an electrolysis device.

[0019] An explosion fluid is understood to be a fluid which explodes with a bang in the explosion chamber when ignited. The explosion fluid may contain one or more components. Thus, for example, the explosion fluid may contain hydrogen and oxygen or only hydrogen, wherein in the latter case, the hydrogen is only explosive / combustible in the presence of oxygen in the explosion chamber.

[0020] According to a further embodiment, the explosion fluid is delivered in batches via a mixing nozzle (eg a Venturi nozzle) into the explosion chamber in order to render the explosion fluid explosive.

[0021] According to another embodiment, the explosion fluid is delivered to the explosion chamber in batches by spraying via a spray nozzle, which will provide the explosion fluid in an explosive state in the explosion chamber; in particular, the explosion fluid is an explosive mixture mixed with air.

[0022] The time that the combustion fluid is usually introduced into the combustion chamber via the delivery portion is longer than the time when the explosion sound can be heard. In terms of duration, the combustion fluid is thus continuously implemented in the combustion chamber, while the explosion fluid is ignited in batches and thus implemented in batches.

[0023] The present application also relates to an explosion device for presenting an explosion sound, comprising an explosion chamber and an electrolysis device as part of a drill facility, wherein the explosion chamber has at least one outlet as a conveying part for introducing an explosion fluid into the explosion chamber and at least one ignition device for the explosion fluid, the explosion chamber being closed upward and at least temporarily open downward, preferably open, so as to form an opening, wherein the outlet for introducing the explosion fluid into the explosion chamber is fluidically connected to the electrolysis device so as to guide a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen that can be prepared in the electrolysis device into the explosion chamber in batches.

[0024] Detailed description

[0025] At present, the term fluid includes gases and liquids. However, gases are preferred for combustion fluids and explosion fluids, especially for explosion fluids.

[0026] The control unit comprises at least one regulator and control electronics for the combustion fluid and preferably also the explosion fluid supply, for the ignition device(s), and is coupled to an interface, in particular a user interface, such as a software interface or a remote control.

[0027] Explosive fluids include, for example, acetylene mixed with oxygen (air), acetylene (alone), or C1 to C8 hydrocarbons or C1 to C3 alcohols mixed with air (eg blown via a Bunsen burner or a Venturi nozzle).

[0028] A mixture consisting of hydrogen and oxygen is particularly suitable as an explosive fluid. Preferably, the mixture consisting of hydrogen and oxygen is formed on site, in particular in an electrolysis device as part of a drill device. The combustible mixture consisting of hydrogen and oxygen is called a detonation gas.

[0029] Detonation gas is a mixture of gaseous hydrogen (H2) and oxygen (O2) that is explosive. When in contact with an open flame, embers or sparks, a so-called detonation gas reaction occurs. A mixture of 18 to 76% by volume of hydrogen and the rest of oxygen is explosive. However, a molar ratio of hydrogen to oxygen of about 2:1 (plus / minus 15%, in particular plus / minus 5%, respectively) is preferred, as can be obtained by electrolysis of water.

[0030] The explosion is directed in such a way that a pressure wave is generated that is faster than the speed of sound (detonation velocity). This produces a loud bang.

[0031] For the electrolysis and thus for the preparation of the explosive fluid, a so-called HHO cell (also known as a Brown's gas generator) can be used. Such cells are commercially available and are used for the electrolysis of water in motor vehicles. HHO cells can be constructed as wet cells and dry cells. In a wet cell, the electrodes are located in a sump and are completely surrounded by water. The sump is gas-tight so that the gas can flow into the gas hose. In a dry cell, the electrodes themselves form the sump, so that the cell remains dry to the outside world.

[0032] In a dry pool, a water supply is ensured so that the dry pool does not dry out. To ensure the water supply, a water tank is usually installed above the dry pool, so that water can flow into the pool by gravity. Each dry pool has a water inlet (below) and a gas outlet (above). A circulation is thus formed between the pool and the water tank, water constantly enters the pool from the water tank, and the gas mixed with the water will return to the water tank. This circulation is used not only for water supply, but also for cooling. Electrolytes such as NaOH or KOH are usually dissolved in the water.

[0033] If the HHO tank is designed as a dry tank, a water level can be provided, which can be monitored for filling level by means of a float, for example, and optionally a control with automatic water inflow can be provided.

[0034] According to one embodiment, the electrolyte concentration (eg KOH or NaOH) in the electrolytic cell is also monitored, for example by conductivity measurement or density measurement.

[0035] If necessary, a cooling device or a ventilation device can also be provided for the electrolysis device. In addition, since the electrolysis device heats up when the current is strong, temperature monitoring is meaningful. Once a predefined electrolyte temperature (e.g. 50° C.) is exceeded, temperature monitoring will shut down the electrolysis device.

[0036] A pressure monitoring / limiting unit can be provided as an additional safety measure. The pressure in the electrolysis system is limited to an overpressure of preferably a maximum of 300 mbar by switching off the electrolysis current when the pressure limit value is reached. Likewise, the internal pressure of the HHO cell can be detected with a pressure gauge.

[0037] According to one embodiment, the hydrogen / oxygen mixture produced by the electrolysis can be guided through a gas scrubber as a further part of the electrolysis plant. This can be achieved in that the mixture escapes through a neutralizing solution or simply through water bubbling and is neutralized. For example, the explosion fluid escapes from the bottom to the top through the water already present in the gas scrubber and is scrubbed and, if necessary, neutralized in the process.

[0038] According to Faraday's law, the amount of material produced by electrolysis is proportional to the charge flowing through it. This also means that the volume of the gas is proportional to the number of charges. In short, the relationship between the current I and the charge Q conforms to the conclusion I = ΔQ / Δt. By integrating both sides, we get the amount of charge moving in the time period between t0 and t:

[0039]

[0040] For a current that is constant over time, the relationship between charge and current is simplified to: Q = I*t, so accordingly 1 coulomb = 1 As. The Faraday constant (96487 C / mol) establishes the relationship between coulombs and the amount of gas in mol. The volume of the detonation gas at a specific temperature and a specific pressure is then obtained via the ideal gas law. The amount of explosive gas produced can therefore be derived from the amount of current used, which is then guided in the explosion chamber as the "explosion fraction".

[0041] Therefore, the integration of the output of the ammeter of the electrolysis device over time provides the amount of substance or gas volume that can be ignited in the explosion chamber at standard pressure. If the set gas volume has been generated, the electrolysis can be ended or the gas supply can be ended via a control valve, such as closing a solenoid valve.

[0042] During the entire process of explosive fluid generation by electrolysis and the accumulation of explosive fluid as "explosive charge" in the explosion chamber, the control unit measures the electrolysis current and obtains its change over time. In this way, the control unit approximately knows the volume of the explosive fluid.

[0043] However, due to the efficiency of the electrolysis device, it is easier to evaluate the measured variable of the charge relative to the amount of explosive gas generated based on the measured charge with the help of the evaluation curve of the control unit electronics and, if necessary, also to determine the temperature and / or pressure or to adjust the amount of explosive fluid via these variables.

[0044] There are alternative possibilities for monitoring and limiting the filling volume of the explosion fluid in the explosion chamber. This can also be achieved, for example, by installing gas detectors sensitive to the explosion fluid at staggered heights within the explosion chamber or by measuring the throughput at the end of the conveyor line for the explosion fluid, for example by differential pressure measurement via pipe resistance, ultrasonic measurement or bending oscillator measurement principles.

[0045] The explosion fluid enters the explosion chamber via a delivery line for the explosion fluid. The delivery line is connected to the electrolysis device or to a storage for the explosion fluid.

[0046] The delivery line for the explosive fluid is preferably provided with a shut-off device. This may include a non-return assembly and / or a flame arrester.

[0047] The explosion fluid then overcomes the non-return assembly in the direction of the current flow with a slight overpressure. The non-return assembly blocks against the current flow and thus prevents the explosion pressure from passing through. The non-return assembly can be designed as a spring-loaded ball non-return valve. The slight overpressure drives the explosion fluid through the shut-off mechanism comprising the non-return assembly and the flame arrester through the delivery line for the explosion fluid into the explosion chamber, wherein the ambient air in the explosion chamber is displaced downwards.

[0048] Preferably, the non-return assembly is arranged immediately after the electrolysis plant and a possible gas scrubber or a reservoir for the explosion fluid. An additional non-return valve between the electrolysis plant and the gas scrubber also prevents water from being pressed back from the gas scrubber into the electrolysis plant. The task of the non-return assembly is to block the large pressure surges that originate from the explosion and would propagate through the conveyor line in the direction of the control unit and to direct the pressure surges away from the control unit, in particular the electrolysis plant or the reservoir for the explosion fluid.

[0049] The flame arrester or flame penetration prevention device in the shut-off mechanism has the task of intercepting the explosion flame generated in the explosion chamber from penetrating through the conveying line in the direction of the control unit and keeping it away from the control unit, in particular away from the electrolysis device or the storage container for the explosive fluid or its pre-product and extinguishing the flame. The typical structure of the flame arrester includes a medium that is permeable to air and cools the flame that may penetrate, such as an open-pored sintered body or a wire mesh.

[0050] The explosion chamber is formed by an explosion tube which is closed upward and open downward. The explosion tube can be cylindrical, for example, it has a flat or outwardly domed upper bottom. The explosion tube is made of a material capable of withstanding explosion and flame pressure impact, and can be, for example, made of thickened stainless steel.

[0051] The explosive fluid is lighter than air (at least hydrogen) and is at ambient pressure. It ignites by a spark. For this purpose, an ignition device is considered.

[0052] According to another embodiment, the explosion fluid is an ignitable or explosive spray or an explosive gas mixture, which resides in the explosion chamber in an explosive form for a sufficiently long time.

[0053] The control unit regulates the delivery of the explosive fluid into the explosion chamber via a control valve or an electrolytic current, as described above, in order to adjust the predefined "charge". In the case of an ignitable mixture of hydrogen and oxygen, the introduction is largely non-turbulent, with the aim of causing the already charged explosive fluid to displace the air in the explosion chamber downwards, minimizing mixing with the air therein.

[0054] For explosion fluids heavier than air, the above design features must be reversed (ie, the explosion chamber is open upward and closed downward, and the immersion tube explained below also applies).

[0055] Preferably, the explosion chamber is provided with an immersion pipe, which is an overflow and limits the maximum amount of the explosion fluid. The immersion pipe is open downwards and drains excess explosion fluid from the explosion chamber to the outside. The task of the immersion pipe is to limit the maximum volume of the explosion fluid in the explosion chamber by draining the explosion fluid to the outside. This limitation is achieved in a fluid-mechanical manner by buoyancy and works properly even in the event of a failure of the control technology.

[0056] The immersion tube has a variable insertion length, which corresponds to the maximum volume of explosive fluid safety. For this purpose, for example, the immersion tube can be moved above the explosion chamber and is sealed and fastened by means of a removable screw, and can then be further pushed into the explosion chamber or pulled out further, so as to adjust the explosive fluid in the form of a specific volume or to be greater or less than the maximum "charge" that can be filled according to risk assessment and customer wishes. Therefore, the maximum charge volume of the explosive fluid in the explosion chamber can be adjusted by the immersion depth of the immersion tube that is open downward. The lower edge of the immersion tube forces the explosive fluid that then flows into the immersion tube to first flow into the immersion tube, and then discharge it to the outside through a discharge line (for example, via a flexible hose). Therefore, the lower edge of the immersion tube limits the available volume for accumulating the explosive fluid to an adjustable safety variable. By adjusting the immersion depth of the immersion tube into the explosion tube, the volume can therefore be very easily adjusted according to the customer or site-specific adjustment so as to adapt it to the regulations of the maximum allowable volume applicable to the drill scene or site.

[0057] Furthermore, a gas detector for the explosive fluid or a gas detector for a specific component of the explosive fluid, in the present case a hydrogen sensor, is located above the discharge line opening for the discharge of excess explosive fluid to the outside. The opening to the outside is preferably located on the outside of the housing, so that the gas detector is also located on the outside of the housing and is protected from explosions or combustion occurring within the housing.

[0058] If the explosive fluid that pours in passes through the immersion tube and enters the outside via the discharge line before the control unit interrupts the delivery of the electrolytic current and / or the explosive fluid, the gas detector can detect the explosive fluid and the control unit immediately interrupts the delivery of the electrolytic current and / or the explosive fluid or closes the valve. For example, when a leak occurs due to technical damage to other parts or the delivery of the explosive fluid in the electrolytic device or control unit area and the explosive fluid is released therefrom, this function of the gas detector is also useful. The leakage amount can also be detected by the detector and cause the electrolytic current to be cut off. For this reason, the gas detector is preferably arranged not only above the output end of the discharge line but also above the control unit with the electrolytic device.

[0059] The gas detector is used to prevent the explosion fluid from escaping from the explosion chamber. Therefore, once the explosion fluid is detected to be escaping to the outside, the control unit in the switch box can immediately prevent the delivery or generation of the explosion fluid and its further introduction into the explosion chamber. This also prevents the explosion fluid from being continuously and unnecessarily sent to the outside.

[0060] The ignition device for the explosion fluid is preferably an electronic ignition device with a spark plug. After the explosion chamber is filled, the electronic ignition device is surrounded by the explosion fluid. The generation and control of the relevant high voltage will be carried out in the control unit.

[0061] The combustion fluid is, for example, LPG (propane / butane), natural gas, city gas, LNG, CNG, diesel, oil, kerosene, gasoline, ethanol, acetylene or a mixture thereof. Preferably, liquid LPG. Ignition for the combustion fluid can be accomplished by an electric ignition unit, a hot wire lamp, a hot wire glow plug, a filament or a pilot flame.

[0062] Of course, the combustion fluid may also be a liquid fuel which is formed into a spray and / or a jet under pressure and thus forms a combustible mixture with the ambient air.

[0063] Due to the high energy density, the combustion fluid is partially in the liquid phase at the exit of the combustion chamber. The liquid LPG evaporates immediately when discharged.

[0064] According to a preferred embodiment, the pressurized combustion fluid explodes synchronously with the explosion fluid or is ignited slightly before (eg, 5 seconds in advance).

[0065] The combustion fluid can be supplied under the control of a control unit and by means of a combustion fluid control valve controlled by the control unit and / or a pressure regulating valve or a proportional valve for the combustion fluid.

[0066] The ignition device for the combustion fluid ignites the combustion fluid discharged from the combustion fluid outlet. In the simplest way, the ignition device can be fastened at the explosion tube or at the housing.

[0067] The ignition device may be a spark plug, towards which the combustion fluid to be ignited flows from below. In this case, in order to enhance the deflagration / explosion effect, the outlet for the combustion fluid is first opened, thereby generating a certain "cloud" of ignitable combustion fluid, which is then ignited by the ignition device for the combustion fluid at a slightly delayed, controlled time.

[0068] When it is provided that the combustion fluid should continue to burn significantly after the explosion, the ignition device is an electronically monitored pilot flame, which in the drill either continues to burn or is ignited shortly before the desired explosion is triggered and then ignites the generated "cloud" of ignitable combustion fluid that flows into the pilot flame from below.

[0069] According to another embodiment, the ignition device is a hot wire lamp, hot wire primer, or filament, and is either continuously maintained at a temperature capable of igniting the combustion fluid during the exercise, or is heated and ignited when a flammable "cloud" of the combustion fluid flows in from below shortly before the desired explosion is triggered.

[0070] The generation and control of the associated high voltage for the spark plug takes place under the control of the control unit and via a combustion fluid control valve contained in the control unit or controlled there, and optionally a pressure regulating valve or proportional valve for the combustion fluid.

[0071] The housing is open at least at the top and has a combustion chamber. For example, when the explosion pressure wave in the explosion chamber is directed downward and the explosion chamber or the explosion tube is located inside the combustion tube, the housing can also be open downward. According to a preferred embodiment, the housing is cylindrical, for example, it has a circular or elliptical cross section.

[0072] The housing is mainly used to deflect the ignitable "cloud" of the burning fluid or the flames generated by it vertically upward and focus them. In addition, it blocks interference caused by the explosion or fire, such as air flow and lateral wind environmental influences caused by the combustion or explosion. In addition, it prevents the flame or pressure wave from spreading dangerously to personnel or technical equipment (such as gas detectors or control units) laterally.

[0073] The housing is constructed of a pressure- and fire-resistant material, such as thick stainless steel.

[0074] In order to modulate the flame pattern, the housing can have a partially horizontal or slightly inclined cover made of thick-walled sheet material at its upper opening. Thus, the "combustion fluid cloud" that occurs can be prevented from escaping too quickly upwards and then ignited in such a way that a portion of the combustion fluid accumulates under the partial cover and makes the explosive "deflagration" effect stronger.

[0075] Directly above the outlet for the combustion fluid can be a vertical tube open at both ends, fastened in such a way that the combustion fluid flowing out there (with ambient air entrained therein) blows freely into the vertical tube. Preferably, the vertical tube ends at the top below the lower edge of the housing. Thus, the flow rate of the combustion fluid is increased and its cone is narrowed, which in the process of generating a fireball or "mushroom cloud" primarily generates a higher and narrower vertical column of fire.

[0076] The opening of the combustion chamber is directed so that the pressure shock and flame / heat flame of the explosion fluid and combustion fluid are diverted in a direction that is safe for passers-by and in any case is directed upwards.

[0077] Preferably, the explosion chamber is located inside the combustion chamber.

[0078] The method according to the present application can be exemplarily described as follows:

[0079] Liquid LPG, water and KOH or NaOH in the form of granules or concentrates at a level of PN 2-15bar (about 4bar here) are provided, and a power supply voltage is provided. The gas scrubber is filled with water to a height of about 2 / 3 of the volume. A 2-liter aqueous KOH electrolyte solution of about 30 weight percent is prepared. The HHO cell is energized at 20 to 25A in the electrolyte and efficiently operates at 12VDC through pulse width modulation. The prepared electrolyte is injected into the system of the electrolysis device from above. It should be noted here that the electrolyte level in the tank of the electrolysis device is maintained between the minimum and maximum marks. The injection port and the relevant valves are then closed again. In the operating state, the power supply voltage and the pressure supply line of the LPG in the liquid phase from the gas cylinder or gas tank are connected to the control unit.

[0080] The control electronics can be a bus system with a connection to a user interface. In a typical operating process, the control electronics request preparation for an explosion. The control electronics transmits all necessary or desired parameters for the explosion and fire scenario to the control unit, such as the amount of explosion fluid to be introduced into the explosion chamber for each detonation, the amount and duration of the combustion fluid delivery.

[0081] The completion of charging the explosion chamber and the state of being ready for explosion (and explosion hazard) are signaled by the control electronics to the user interface and preferably also by means of an integrated acoustic or optical signaling device, for example by means of short, intermittent beeps.

[0082] The fire and explosion scenario can be triggered via the user interface. If this happens, the following actions are triggered by the control electronics, for example: a valve for the combustion fluid is opened so that the combustion fluid flows out vertically upwards. At the same time or after a short time, in order to enhance the deflagration effect of the combustion fluid, the ignition device for the combustion fluid is operated, if it is a spark plug or the like.

[0083] In other cases, when using a pilot flame or a hot wire lamp, a hot wire glow plug or a filament, advantageously, the ignition device has been activated before opening the valve for the combustion fluid. The delay time can be adjusted on the user interface according to the desired flame effect. Similarly, the ignition device for the explosion fluid is also manipulated at the same time or manipulated in a very short time staggered in order to add the explosion bang to the scene of the flame at the best moment. By igniting the fireball (which is mainly produced by the combustion fluid) and adding the explosion bang (which is mainly produced by igniting the explosion fluid), a presentation of an extremely impressive real explosion with bang and flame is generated, and its intensity can be adjusted in advance respectively.

[0084] The valve for the combustion fluid is preferably automatically (e.g., time-controlled) closed again to end the fire scene. Therefore, the release of the combustion fluid from the outlet is stopped suddenly, and the flame is extinguished immediately. The time period from the valve opening to their closing again can also be controlled via the user interface transmitted as a parameter at the beginning of the charging process, the duration of the desired fire effect. If desired, the flame of the combustion fluid can also still burn before and / or after the explosion (possibly less), so under the relevant safety standards, the ignition device for the combustion fluid is implemented as electronic ignition and monitored pilot flame from the beginning, and the pilot flame is also forced to cut off the fuel delivery to the main flame when it is extinguished.

[0085] Usually, the required resources are simple and available, for example: (liquid or gaseous) combustion fluid, water and electric current. Here, the combustion fluid is used to approximate the presentation of a fire, for example in the form of a "fireball" or a "mushroom cloud". Water can be electrolytically dissociated with the help of electric current to decompose into hydrogen and oxygen. They can be directly combined with each other and / or with oxygen in the air in a correspondingly dosed manner to form an explosive fluid (for example, explosive gas), which is used to present an explosive bang and / or flash. Here, the explosive fluid can be produced and distributed in precise quantities and mixing ratios by electronic pre-control for the immediately desired use and corresponding to the desired explosion intensity. In this way, there is no need to store or transport any other potentially dangerous explosives or special chemicals. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0086] The invention is explained with the aid of the following drawings, in which:

[0087] Figure 1 A first embodiment of a drill device is shown; Figure 2 A second embodiment of the exercise device is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0088] according to Figure 1 The exercise device comprises a control unit 1 for controlling the fluid flow and the ignition process. The control unit 1 guides an adjustable amount of explosion gas (which comprises hydrogen and oxygen in a molar ratio of about 2:1) into the explosion chamber 4 via the explosive fluid delivery section 3 at approximately normal pressure (1013 mbar). The explosion gas mixture flows through the shut-off component 2 in the explosive fluid supply line 3, which first includes a non-return attachment and then a flame arrester in the flow direction. The shut-off component 2 prevents the pressure wave and / or flame from possibly hitting back in the direction of the explosive fluid delivery section at the moment of the explosion gas reaction.

[0089] The explosion chamber 4 is defined by a detonation tube and is closed upward and open downward. It has a volume of approximately 5.5 liters. The detonation gas mixture is lighter than the ambient air and therefore stays above the explosion chamber 4. The maximum filling degree of the corresponding maximum volume 9 of the explosion fluid for approximately 3.5 liters of detonation gas is reproduced by the shaded surface and is defined by the lower end of the immersion tube 5. The height of the immersion tube 5 in the area of ​​the explosion chamber 4 is adjusted once at delivery to a specific length and therefore to a specific maximum detonation gas volume. If the maximum filling degree or maximum volume 9 of the explosion fluid is reached, the excess detonation gas will be guided to the outside via the immersion tube 5 and the discharge line 6 connected to the head area of ​​the immersion tube 5. A gas detector 7 is arranged above the output end of the discharge line 6. Therefore, rising hydrogen can be detected either from the output end of the discharge line 6 or from the control unit 1 or the electrolysis device 15, 16. In Figure 1 In the embodiment, the electrolysis devices 15, 16 are installed together with the control unit 1 in a switch box.

[0090] The explosion gas used as the explosive fluid is obtained by electrolysis of water. For this purpose, the switch cabinet contains an electrolysis cell, by means of which hydrogen and oxygen are generated in a ratio of 2:1. Figure 1 The explosion gas reaction is ignited by the ignition device 8, thereby obtaining a loud explosion sound.

[0091] Before the explosion gas reaction is ignited, the combustion fluid is fed into the combustion chamber 12 via the combustion fluid outlet 10. The combustion chamber 12 is delimited relative to the environment by a housing 13. The housing 13 is open upward and downward and has a cylindrical shape.

[0092] The ignition or combustion fluid addition is performed based on the pressure and the time point or duration by the control unit 1. The explosion gas reaction and the ignition of the liquefied gas can be performed substantially simultaneously.

[0093] The combustion fluid is a liquefied gas, so-called LPG, which is stored separately in a pressure-resistant storage container and supplied in an adjustable manner via a pressure-resistant line at about 4 bar via a control unit 1. LPG (Liquified Petroleum Gas) mainly includes short-chain hydrocarbons in the C3 and C4 range. In the gaseous aggregate state, LPG has a greater density than air. At room temperature, the gas begins to liquefy from a pressure of about 8 bar.

[0094] according to Figure 2 The exercise equipment comprises a control unit 1 for controlling the fluid flow and the ignition process. Via the supply line 3 of the explosive fluid, an adjustable amount of explosion gas (which comprises hydrogen and oxygen in a molar ratio of about 2:1) is guided into the explosion chamber 4 via the explosion fluid supply line 3 at approximately normal pressure (1013 mbar) by the control unit 1. The explosion gas mixture flows through the shut-off component 2 in the explosion fluid supply line 3, which first includes a non-return component and then a flame arrester in the flow direction. The shut-off mechanism 2 prevents the pressure wave and / or flame from being able to strike back in the direction of the explosive fluid delivery at the moment of the explosion gas reaction.

[0095] The explosion chamber 4 is bounded by an explosion tube and is closed upwards and initially sealed downwards via a valve device 14 , which is temporarily opened due to the explosion pressure wave of the explosion fluid towards a collection container 27 for the combustion fluid.

[0096] The explosion tube has a volume of approximately 5.5 liters. The explosion gas mixture is lighter than the ambient air and therefore rests above the explosion chamber 4. The maximum filling degree 9 of approximately 3.5 liters of explosion gas is reproduced by the shadow surface and is limited by the lower end of the immersion tube 5.

[0097] The height of the immersion tube in the area of ​​the explosion chamber 4 is adjusted once at delivery to a specific length and therefore to a specific maximum explosion gas volume. If the maximum filling degree 9 is reached, the excess explosion gas is led to the outside via the immersion tube 5 and the discharge line 6 connected to the head area of ​​the immersion tube 5. A gas detector 7 is arranged above the output end of the discharge line 6, so that rising hydrogen gas can be detected either from the outlet of the discharge line 6 or from the control unit 1, the electrolysis cell 15, the water tank 16 (also containing electrolyte) or the gas scrubber 18.

[0098] The explosion gas 19 as the explosion fluid is obtained by electrolysis of water. For this purpose, an electrolysis device 15 is provided, by means of which hydrogen and oxygen in a ratio of 2:1 are generated by energizing the electrolysis device, which are first collected at the top in a water tank 16 with fill level monitoring as explosion gas and overcome a non-return valve 17 towards a gas scrubber 18 under slight overpressure. The non-return valve 17 prevents, in particular, water from being sucked back from the gas scrubber 18 into the water tank 16, in particular when the electrolyte in the water tank 16 and the electrolysis device 15 cools down. In addition, the explosion fluid escapes from the bottom to the top by bubbling through the water present in the gas scrubber 18 and is washed and neutralized as necessary in the process. In addition, the gas scrubber 18 serves as an additional flame non-return protection component. The overpressure existing in the gas scrubber 18 drives the explosion fluid through the shut-off component 2 (which includes a non-return valve and a flame arrester) through the delivery section for the explosion fluid 3 into the explosion chamber 4, wherein the air contained in the explosion chamber will be forced downward or toward the outlet to the outside through the discharge line of the immersion pipe 5 and the immersion pipe 6.

[0099] Here, the combustion fluid is also liquefied gas, so-called LPG, which is stored separately in a pressure-resistant storage container and is supplied via a pressure-resistant line to a supply 20 for the combustion fluid at approximately 4 bar via the control unit 1 in a controllable manner for an adjustable duration.

[0100] The pressure converter device 23 for the combustion fluid is formed by a pressure converter, which is separated from the collection container 25 for the combustion fluid by an explosion-proof control valve and automatically closes immediately before the explosion scene is triggered, or the pressure converter device for the combustion fluid is directly formed by an explosion-proof pressure converter alone. The pressure converter device 23 for the combustion fluid is also controlled by the control unit 1.

[0101] The shut-off element 21 effectively and independently of the control valve member 22 prevents a pressure wave and / or a flame from being able to strike back in the direction of the supply 20 for the combustion fluid.

[0102] Preferably, while the explosion fluid flows into the explosion chamber 4 (but in time before the explosion scene and the explosion gas reaction ignite), LPG is blown into the collection container 27 for the combustion fluid through the delivery part 20 for the combustion fluid, the shut-off part 21 for the combustion fluid (including the check valve and the flame arrester) and through the right control valve mechanism 22 for the combustion fluid and controlled by the control unit 1, until the pressure of the combustion fluid measured by the pressure converter mechanism 23 for the combustion fluid reaches the desired pressure in the collection container 27 for the combustion fluid. Here, the maximum achievable pressure of the combustion fluid in the collection container 27 is limited by the weight of the outlet device 25 for the combustion fluid, which is pressed onto the sealing part 29 by the weight. Therefore, the outlet device 25 for the combustion fluid together with the sealing part 29 simultaneously serves as an overpressure safety valve for the combustion fluid in the collection container 27.

[0103] The entire scene begins by igniting the explosion gas reaction using the ignition device 8. A loud explosion sound is generated in the process. The pressure shock generated in this case temporarily opens the valve device 14 to the collection container 27 for the combustion fluid. At this time, the pressure shock of the explosion fluid is transmitted from the explosion chamber 4 to the collection container 27 for the combustion fluid. This pressure shock then opens the outlet device 25 for the combustion fluid and accelerates the outlet device and the combustion fluid upward, away from the seal 29 and the corresponding outlet 28 for the collection container 27. At this time and when it then falls back on the seal 29 due to gravity, the outlet device 25 is braked by the braking device 26, which is an eddy current brake with a strong magnet (for example a neodymium permanent magnet) here, which moves relative to the soft magnetic conductive metal and induces strong eddy currents in the soft magnetic conductive metal at this time.

[0104] The outlet device 25 for the combustion fluid, which is opened indirectly by the pressure shock of the explosion fluid, now lets the pressurized and further accelerated combustion fluid (LPG) pass through the outlet 28 for the collecting container.

[0105] Under the influence of the already preset parameters of the intensity and range of the combustion fluid and explosion fluid "charge", the combustion fluid is already ignited by the explosion of the detonation gas diverted into the collecting container 27, or is additionally ignited by the (optional) ignition device 11 for the combustion fluid after leaving in the direction of the combustion chamber 12. The combustion chamber 12 is delimited from the environment by a housing 13. The housing 13 is open at the top and closed at the bottom and has a cylindrical shape.

[0106] The ignition of the detonation gas reaction by the ignition device 8 for the explosion fluid and the ignition of the combustion fluid (LPG) by the ignition device 11 for the combustion fluid can be carried out approximately simultaneously or slightly time-staggered, wherein the ignition device 8 for the explosion fluid is activated first. However, it is also possible that the ignition device 11 is not required for the combustion fluid in the collection container, because the explosion has already ignited the combustion fluid.

[0107] The pressure transducer device 24 for the explosion fluid comprises a pressure transducer which is separated from the explosion chamber 4 by an explosion-proof control valve and which is automatically closed immediately before the explosion scenario is triggered. The pressure transducer device is optional and is provided for the case where the explosion chamber 4 is to be filled with an explosion fluid at a pressure higher than atmospheric pressure. In this operating mode, the discharge line of the immersion pipe in the outer part 6 is provided with an additional safety overpressure valve ( Figure 2 4). Subsequently, the additional safety overpressure valve for the explosion fluid is blown with a preset response pressure, which is higher than the maximum expected filling pressure of the explosion fluid in the explosion chamber 4. In this operating mode, the filling of the explosion fluid in the explosion chamber 4 is switched by the control unit 1 until the pressure converter mechanism for the explosion fluid reports to the control unit 1 that the explosion fluid in the explosion chamber 4 has reached the expected pressure. When a flame is also expected when the outlet device 25 for the combustion fluid is closed, but the flame can only be briefly intensified in a pulsed manner during or after the explosion sound via the additional amount of combustion fluid in the collecting container 27, it is possible to Figure 1 In addition, an outlet 10 for the combustion fluid is shown.

[0108] In this case, the control unit 1 causes the left control valve mechanism 22 for the combustion fluid to open, so that the combustion fluid is released directly into the combustion chamber 12 via the outlet 10 for the combustion fluid and ignited by the ignition device 11 for the combustion fluid.

[0109] Reference numerals list

[0110] 1 Control unit

[0111] 2 Shut-off components for explosive fluids

[0112] 3 As an outlet for the delivery section for feeding the explosion fluid into the explosion chamber

[0113] 4 Explosion chamber

[0114] 5 Immersion tube

[0115] 6 Drain line from immersion pipe to outside

[0116] 7 Gas Detectors

[0117] 8 Ignition equipment for explosive fluids

[0118] 9 Maximum volume of explosive fluid

[0119] 10 as an outlet of the delivery section for feeding the combustion fluid into the combustion chamber

[0120] 11 Ignition equipment for burning fluids

[0121] 12 Combustion Chamber

[0122] 13 Combustion chamber housing

[0123] 14 Valve devices that open under explosion pressure

[0124] 15 Electrolysis equipment

[0125] 16 water tanks with fill level monitoring

[0126] 17 Check valve

[0127] 18 Gas Scrubber

[0128] 19 Explosion gas as explosive fluid

[0129] 20 For conveying part of combustion fluid

[0130] 21 Shut-off components for combustion fluids

[0131] 22 Control valves for combustion fluids

[0132] 23 Pressure Transducer for Combustion Fluids

[0133] 24 Pressure Transducers for Explosive Fluids

[0134] 25 Outlet equipment for combustion fluids

[0135] 26 Braking equipment

[0136] 27 Collection container for burning fluid

[0137] 28 Collection container outlet

[0138] 29 Sealing part

Claims

1. A drill device for presenting fire and explosion scenes, at least partially overlapping the flames and explosion sounds in time, the drill device comprising: - a combustion chamber (12) having an ignition device (11) for a combustion fluid and an opening for the flame to be ejected, and an outlet (10) for supplying the combustion fluid to the combustion chamber (12); wherein the combustion fluid is a gaseous hydrocarbon at 1013 mbar and 25°C; - an explosion chamber (4) having an ignition device (8) for the explosion fluid; and - a control unit (1); The combustion chamber (12) comprises a conveying portion (20) for a combustion fluid, wherein the conveying portion (20) for the combustion fluid: a) supplies the combustion fluid to the combustion chamber (12), or b) supplies the combustion fluid to a collecting container (27); The explosion chamber (4) has at least one outlet (3) for supplying an explosion fluid to the explosion chamber (4) and at least one ignition device (8) for the explosion fluid. wherein the control unit (1) is designed to control: a) the supply of the combustion fluid to the combustion chamber (12), or b) the supply of the combustion fluid to the collecting container (27), and in each case the ignition device (8) ignites the explosion fluid; Wherein, the explosive fluid is a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen or a mixture of acetylene and oxygen, Wherein, for a), the explosion chamber (4) is arranged in the combustion chamber, and the gaseous hydrocarbon flows into the combustion chamber to be ignited by the ignition device (11) in the combustion chamber (12); For b), the explosion chamber (4) is opened to the collecting container (27) for the combustion fluid by the pressure wave of the explosion, and the combustion fluid is forced out of the collecting container (27), so that when the combustion fluid leaves the collecting container (27), the combustion fluid is guided through the ignition device (11) and ignited in the combustion chamber (12).

2. The training device according to claim 1, wherein: The control unit (1) is configured to control the delivery of a combustion fluid into the combustion chamber (12), the ignition of the combustion fluid in the combustion chamber (12), and the ignition of an explosion fluid in the explosion chamber (4), so that a detonation sound can be heard during or simultaneously with the presentation of a flame.

3. The training device according to claim 1, wherein: The control unit (1) is configured to control an outlet (10) for a combustion fluid and, if an ignition device (11) is present in the combustion chamber, also to control an ignition device (11) for the combustion fluid, so that the combustion fluid is continuously introduced into the combustion chamber (12) for a period of time; a) the period of time continues after the ignition process of the explosive fluid by the ignition device (8), so that the flame is maintained for a period of time after the explosion sound is emitted; and / or b) This period of time starts before the ignition process of the explosion fluid by the ignition device (8).

4. The training device according to claim 1, wherein: The ignition device (11) provides a pilot flame for the burning fluid.

5. The training device according to claim 1, wherein: The explosion chamber (4) is a hollow tube which is closed at one end and at least temporarily open at the other end in order to provide an outlet for sound or pressure waves.

6. The drill device according to claim 5, wherein the arrangement of the hollow tubes makes the axis of the hollow tubes substantially vertical or the angle between the axis and the vertical direction is plus or minus 30°; and the explosion chamber (4) is at least temporarily opened downward when the explosion fluid is lighter than air, or is at least temporarily opened upward when the explosion fluid is heavier than air.

7. The training device according to claim 1, wherein: The explosion chamber (4) has an immersion pipe (5) with a discharge line for conducting excess explosion fluid out of the explosion chamber (4) in order to limit the amount of substance in the explosion chamber.

8. The training device according to claim 1, wherein: The explosive fluid contains a detonation gas which is an electrolytic mixture of hydrogen and oxygen.

9. The training device according to claim 1, wherein: The explosion fluid is a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen.

10. The training device according to claim 9, comprising, as part of the training device, an electrolysis device (15) configured to generate a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen from water.

11. The training device according to claim 10, wherein: In this case, a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen is produced batchwise, the electrolysis device (15) is an HHO cell which is constructed as a wet cell or a dry cell.

12. The training device according to claim 1, wherein: The ignition device (11) for the combustion gas is arranged above the at least temporary opening of the explosion chamber (4).

13. The training device according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein The combustion chamber (12) - open upwards; or -Open upwards and downwards.

14. The training device according to claim 1, wherein: A detector is provided for detecting the explosive fluid in the discharge line (6) for draining away the excess explosive fluid or the explosive fluid at the output end of the discharge line (6); when the explosive fluid is detected by the detector, the control unit (1) limits the input of the explosive fluid into the explosion chamber (4).

15. The exercise device according to claim 1, wherein: The control unit (1) can be used to control the delivery of explosion fluid into the explosion chamber (4) in batches.

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