A filling mining method for high-position technical tunnel in fully mechanized caving face

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for filling and mining of a high-position process tunnel in a fully mechanized top coal caving face. The method adds an independent pipeline pumping and filling system above a conventional comprehensive mechanized top coal caving working face, excavates a high-position process tunnel in a key rock layer above the working face, arranges the filling pipeline in the high-position process tunnel, and drills filling holes from top to bottom in the goaf in the high-position process tunnel, and implements filling and mining by utilizing the periodic breaking and periodic pressing of the roof of the fully mechanized top coal caving face and the filling system. The invention can overcome the shortcomings of traditional fully mechanized top coal caving mining and layered filling, realize the parallel operation of mining operation and filling operation without interfering with each other, and has the advantages of low cost, high efficiency, simple system and easy construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mine filling and mining, and in particular to a filling and mining method for a high-position process tunnel in a fully mechanized caving face. Background Art

[0002] Gangue is a kind of solid waste generated in the process of coal mining. It is usually piled up on the ground to form gangue mountains, which occupy a large amount of land, cause great damage to the mining environment, and affect the health of residents around the coal. Gangue mountains are prone to spontaneous combustion and emit a large amount of CO2. The large-scale disposal of gangue is imminent. The most effective way to utilize gangue on a large scale is to use filling mining technology to discharge the gangue into the underground goaf.

[0003] Fully mechanized caving is the main mining technology for thick and extra-thick coal seams. This technology arranges a working face with a mining height of 2 to 3 meters at the bottom of thick and extra-thick coal seams. As the working face advances, the coal body on the upper part of the working face is fractured and broken under the action of the mine pressure, and falls out near the top cutting line at the tail of the support. It has the advantages of high efficiency, high yield and safety. It has been widely used in large coal mines in many mining areas in my country and has broad development prospects. The existing thick and extra-thick coal seams adopt the layered filling mining method, which has low mining efficiency and high requirements for roof control, increasing the difficulty of filling mining. The fully mechanized caving filling mining technology for thick and extra-thick coal seams has not yet been formed. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned technical deficiencies, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for filling and mining of high-position process tunnels in a fully-mechanized caving face, which can overcome the shortcomings of layered filling in traditional fully-mechanized caving mining, realize parallel operation of mining and filling operations without interfering with each other, and has the advantages of low cost, high efficiency, simple system and easy construction.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a method for backfilling and mining a high-position process tunnel in a fully mechanized caving face, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1. According to the occurrence conditions of the overlying strata on the fully mechanized caving surface, determine the key stratum location and cross-sectional dimensions of the high-level process tunnel;

[0008] S2, excavate high-level process tunnel along the direction of key rock formation above the fully mechanized caving face;

[0009] S3. Arrange filling boreholes from top to bottom in the high-level process tunnel to the goaf of the fully mechanized caving face;

[0010] S4. A delivery pipeline is arranged in the high-level process lane as a trunk pipeline, the output end of the delivery pipeline is connected to a plurality of filling pipelines, the filling pipeline is arranged in the filling borehole as a branch pipeline, and the delivery pipeline is connected to an external filling pump station for filling;

[0011] S5. As the fully mechanized caving face advances, start the filling pump station for filling before the top coal caving work is completed and the key rock formation is broken.

[0012] Preferably, the high-position process tunnel is arranged in a manner that it is arranged within the range of the key rock formation above the fully mechanized caving face that is affected by mining.

[0013] Preferably, the high-position process tunnel 3 is arranged in a manner of arranging it within the non-mining influence range of the key rock formation above the fully mechanized caving face.

[0014] Preferably, the delivery pipeline is arranged as a trunk pipeline in a high-level process tunnel, and the filling pipeline is arranged as a branch pipeline in a filling borehole.

[0015] Preferably, a plurality of vibration-damping supports are arranged at the elbows of the conveying pipeline, and one vibration-damping support is arranged every 20 m in the horizontal section of the conveying pipeline.

[0016] Preferably, the excavation method of the high-level process tunnel is to use a small mining shield machine for rapid excavation.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention is applied to the field of fully-mechanized top-caving and backfilling mining, which can solve the problem of low filling efficiency and interference with mining operations caused by layered filling of the fully-mechanized top-caving working face, can overcome the shortcomings of traditional fully-mechanized top-caving and backfilling, and realize the parallel operation of mining operations and filling operations without interfering with each other, and has the advantages of low cost, high efficiency, simple system and easy construction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional view of the arrangement of the conveying pipeline when the high-level process tunnel is arranged within the mining influence range of the fully mechanized caving face provided in the embodiment;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the connection position of the conveying pipeline and the filling pipeline when the high-level process tunnel is arranged within the mining influence range of the fully mechanized caving face provided by the embodiment;

[0021] Figure 3It is a three-dimensional view of the arrangement of the conveying pipeline when the high-level process tunnel is arranged outside the influence range of the mining at the fully mechanized caving face provided in the embodiment;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the connection position of the conveying pipeline and the filling pipeline when the high-level process tunnel provided in the embodiment is arranged outside the mining influence range of the fully mechanized caving face;

[0023] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the vibration-damping support at the elbow of the conveying pipeline provided in the embodiment;

[0024] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the delivery pipeline and the filling pipeline provided in the embodiment;

[0025] Figure 7 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a high-level process lane provided in an embodiment;

[0026] Figure 8 is a side view of the arrangement of the delivery pipeline and the filling pipeline provided in the embodiment;

[0027] Fig. 9 It is a plan view of a coal mine engineering application provided by the embodiment;

[0028] Fig.10 It is a local stratigraphic columnar diagram of a coal mine provided in the embodiment;

[0029] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vibration-damping support provided in the embodiment.

[0030] Description of reference numerals:

[0031] 1-transport pipeline, 2-filling pipeline, 3-high-position process tunnel, 4-vibration-damping bearing, 41, upper guard plate; 42, lower guard plate; 43, bearing; 5-key rock layer, 6-basic roof, 7-direct roof, 8-coal seam to be mined, 9-track drift, 10-transport drift, 11-front scraper conveyor, 12-rear scraper conveyor, 13-coal mining machine, 14-fully-mechanized hydraulic support. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] Before backfill mining is carried out, surface facilities such as gangue bin, crushing station, grinding station, water reservoir, slurry pool and pump station are built on the surface of the coal mine, and a transport chute 10 and a track chute 9 are excavated in the coal seam 8 to be mined. The transport chute 10 is used to transport the mined coal resources and take in air here, and the track chute 9 is used for returning air, transporting materials and pedestrians; a tunnel connecting the transport chute and the track chute is excavated, and all equipment of the mining face, namely, the fully-mechanized hydraulic support, coal mining machine, front scraper conveyor, rear scraper conveyor, etc., are arranged in this space to form a mining face, and then the fully-mechanized hydraulic support 14, coal mining machine 13, front scraper conveyor 11, rear scraper conveyor 12 and other equipment are arranged. The fully mechanized caving hydraulic support 14 is used to support and maintain the roof, prevent the roof from collapsing, protect the coal mining operation and assist in releasing the top coal. The front scraper conveyor 11 is used to transport the coal resources mined by the coal mining machine 13, and the rear scraper conveyor 12 is used to transport the released top coal.

[0034] like Figure 1-8 As shown, a method for backfilling mining in a high-position process tunnel of a fully mechanized caving face comprises the following steps:

[0035] S1. According to the occurrence conditions of the overlying rock strata on the fully mechanized caving surface, determine the position of the key rock stratum 5 where the high-position process tunnel 3 is located and the cross-sectional dimensions of the high-position process tunnel 3;

[0036] S2, excavating high-position process tunnel 3 along the strike of key rock layer 5 above the fully mechanized caving face;

[0037] The high-level process tunnel 3 is arranged in the key rock layer, which can ensure the long-term stability of the process tunnel and the safety of the filling operation. Since the key rock layer is thick, strong and difficult to break, it controls the movement of the overlying rock layer. Therefore, the excavation method of the high-level process tunnel 3 adopts a small mining shield machine for rapid excavation.

[0038] S3, arrange filling boreholes from top to bottom in the high-level process tunnel 3 to the goaf of the fully mechanized caving face;

[0039] S4. Arrange a delivery pipeline 1 as a trunk pipeline in the high-level process lane 3, connect the output end of the delivery pipeline 1 to a plurality of filling pipelines 2, and arrange the filling pipelines 2 as branch pipelines in the filling borehole. The delivery pipeline 1 is connected to an external filling pump station for filling;

[0040] The delivery pipeline 1 is arranged in the high-level process lane 3 as a trunk pipeline, and the output end of the delivery pipeline 1 is connected to a plurality of filling pipelines 2, and the filling pipelines 2 are arranged in the filling borehole as branch pipelines;

[0041] The conveying pipeline 1 is a trunk pipeline. When pumping gangue filling slurry, it will generate strong flow-induced coupling vibration. In order to achieve the vibration reduction effect, the method arranges two vibration reduction supports 4 at the elbow of the conveying pipeline 1, and arranges one vibration reduction support 4 at an interval of 20m in the horizontal section of the conveying pipeline 1;

[0042] Reference Fig.11 The vibration-damping support 4 includes an upper guard plate 41 and a lower guard plate 42 fixed together by bolts. The upper guard plate 41 and the lower guard plate 42 are provided with arc-shaped areas for wrapping the pipeline, and a support 43 is provided at the bottom of the lower guard plate 42.

[0043] S5. As the fully mechanized mining face begins to advance from the opening of the cutting eye, the top coal is released, the direct roof 7 partially collapses, and cracks begin to appear in the basic roof 6. Before the top coal release work is completed and the key layer is broken, the gangue filling slurry is injected into the goaf through the filling system to realize the filling of the goaf of the fully mechanized mining face.

[0044] Figure 9-10 The figure shows the application plan of a coal mine project. The coal seam to be mined is 3 上 Coal seam, 3 下 The thickness of coal seams is 6.88m and 2.15m respectively. 上 Coal seam, 3 下 The coal seam bifurcates at the junction of the 1304N working face and the 1304N-1# working face. 下 In coal seams, 3 下 The coal seam is a thin coal seam and comprehensive caving mining is not carried out in this working face.

[0045] 1304N-1# working surface at 3 上 In coal seams, 3 上 The coal seam is a thick coal seam, and the working face adopts the above method to carry out high-position process tunnel comprehensive caving and filling mining. 上 There is a siltstone layer 6.39m above the coal seam, with a thickness of 10.76m. This rock layer is thick and has high strength, making it a key rock layer.

[0046] Taking the above coal mine as an example, there are two ways to arrange the high-level process tunnel 3. The first is to arrange it in the key rock layer 5 above the fully mechanized caving face within the range affected by mining. Further combined with the subsequent engineering geological survey results, if there are no large faults in the key rock layer area directly above the 1304N-1# working face and the degree of joint and fissure development is low, the high-level process tunnel 3 can be arranged in the key rock layer within the range affected by mining directly above the 1304N-1# working face, and the axis of the high-level process tunnel 3 coincides with the axis of the working face.

[0047] The second method is to arrange it in the non-mining influence range of the key rock layer 5 above the fully mechanized caving face. If the subsequent engineering geological survey results show that there are large faults or high degree of joint fissure development in the key rock layer area directly above the 1304N-1# working face, the first method cannot be used. In this case, the high-level process tunnel 3 can be arranged in the key rock layer 5 above the side of the 1304N-1# working face, in the area outside the mining influence range of the fully mechanized caving face.

[0048] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A method for backfilling mining in a high-position process tunnel of a fully mechanized caving face, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. According to the occurrence conditions of the overlying rock strata on the fully mechanized caving surface, determine the position of the key rock stratum (5) where the high-position process tunnel (3) is located and the cross-sectional dimensions of the high-position process tunnel (3); S2, excavating a high-level process tunnel (3) along the strike of the key rock layer (5) above the fully mechanized caving face; According to the subsequent engineering geological survey results, if there are no large faults in the key rock layer area directly above the working face, or the degree of development of joints and fissures is low, the high-position process tunnel (3) is arranged in the key rock layer (5) within the range affected by mining directly above the working face, and the axis of the high-position process tunnel (3) coincides with the axis of the working face; If there are large faults in the key rock layer area directly above the working face, or the joints and fissures are highly developed, the high-level process tunnel (3) is arranged in the key rock layer (5) above the working face and outside the range affected by mining. S3, arranging filling holes from top to bottom in the high-level process tunnel (3) to the goaf of the fully mechanized caving face; S4. Arrange a delivery pipeline (1) as a trunk pipeline in the high-level process lane (3), connect the output end of the delivery pipeline (1) to a plurality of filling pipelines (2), arrange the filling pipelines (2) as branch pipelines in the filling borehole, and connect the delivery pipeline (1) to an external filling pump station; S5. As the fully mechanized caving face advances, the filling pump station is turned on for filling before the top coal caving work is completed and the key rock layer (5) is broken.

2. A method for backfilling mining in a high-position process tunnel of a fully mechanized caving face as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The delivery pipeline (1) is arranged as a trunk pipeline in the high-level process tunnel (3), and the filling pipeline (2) is arranged as a branch pipeline in the filling borehole.

3. A method for backfilling mining in a high-position process tunnel of a fully mechanized caving face as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of vibration-damping supports (4) are arranged at the bends of the conveying pipeline (1), and one vibration-damping support (4) is arranged every 20 m in the horizontal section of the conveying pipeline (1).

4. A method for backfilling mining in a high-position technical tunnel of a fully mechanized caving face as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The excavation method of the high-level process tunnel (3) is to use a small mining shield machine for rapid excavation.

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