A method and device for testing the sound insulation performance of a flat plate

Abstract

The embodiment of the present application discloses a method and device for testing the sound insulation performance of a flat panel, the method comprising: in a test state, by turning on a sound source generator arranged in a reverberation chamber, obtaining the sound pressure level in the reverberation chamber and the sound intensity level on the anechoic chamber side, and determining a first sound insulation amount according to the sound pressure level and the sound intensity level in the test state; obtaining a second sound insulation amount, and determining the sound insulation amount of the flat panel to be tested according to the first sound insulation amount and the second sound insulation amount. The second sound insulation amount is determined according to the sound pressure level and the sound intensity level in the through-hole state after turning on the sound source generator in the through-hole state. The present application designs an experimental test method in the through-hole state for the flat panel sound insulation performance test process, eliminates the test result error caused by the sound insulation test tooling, and improves the accuracy of the flat panel sound insulation performance test results.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of acoustic testing, and in particular to a method and device for testing the sound insulation performance of a flat plate. Background Art

[0002] The NVH (Noise, Vibration and Harshness) performance of the whole vehicle is an important indicator for evaluating the performance of the whole vehicle. Among them, the sound insulation performance of the whole vehicle is one of the NVH performances of the whole vehicle that users are most likely to perceive and complain about. The quality of the sound insulation performance has an important impact on user reputation and brand image.

[0003] In the development of vehicle NVH, the sound insulation of the flat plate sample used for sound insulation needs to be measured as the input for vehicle NVH simulation. In the existing flat plate sample sound insulation performance test method, the flat plate sample to be tested is usually placed on the sound insulation test fixture between the reverberation chamber and the anechoic chamber for testing. The sound insulation of the flat plate sample to be tested is calculated by the sound insulation formula: STL = L P -L I -6 is calculated, where L P is the sound pressure level of the reverberation room, L I is the sound intensity level of the anechoic chamber. In the actual test process, since the sound insulation test fixture has a through hole at the installation of the flat sample to be tested, the sound waves in the reverberation chamber encounter cross-sectional changes during propagation, and the mismatch of acoustic impedance leads to sound wave reflection. That is, in the sound insulation performance test process, there is inevitably a structural sound insulation error caused by sound wave reflection. Therefore, the existing flat sample sound insulation performance test results are not the actual sound insulation of the flat sample to be tested. When it is used as the input of the whole vehicle NVH simulation or the basis for the performance evaluation of the flat sample, the subsequent development and use are affected due to the serious deviation.

[0004] It can be seen from this that how to improve the accuracy of the test results of the sound insulation of flat plate samples is particularly important in the sound insulation performance test of flat plate samples. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present application provides a method and device for testing the sound insulation performance of a flat plate, which eliminates the test result error caused by the sound insulation test tooling during the flat plate sound insulation performance test process and improves the accuracy of the flat plate sound insulation performance test results.

[0006] The embodiments of the present application disclose the following technical solutions:

[0007] On the one hand, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for testing the sound insulation performance of a flat panel, the method comprising:

[0008] In the test state, the sound pressure level in the reverberation chamber and the sound intensity level on the anechoic chamber side are obtained by turning on the sound source generator arranged in the reverberation chamber; in the test state, the panel to be tested is mounted on the through hole of the sound insulation test fixture, and the two sides of the sound insulation test fixture are connected to the reverberation chamber and the anechoic chamber;

[0009] Determining a first sound insulation value according to the sound pressure level and the sound intensity level under the test state;

[0010] Obtaining a second sound insulation value; the second sound insulation value is determined according to the sound pressure level and the sound intensity level in the through-hole state after the sound source generator is turned on; the through-hole state is a state when the panel to be tested is not installed on the sound insulation test fixture;

[0011] The sound insulation value of the panel to be tested is determined according to the first sound insulation value and the second sound insulation value.

[0012] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present application provides a device for testing the sound insulation performance of a flat panel, the device comprising a testing unit, a calculating unit and an acquiring unit:

[0013] The test unit is used to obtain the sound pressure level in the reverberation chamber and the sound intensity level on the anechoic chamber side by turning on the sound source generator arranged in the reverberation chamber in the test state; in the test state, the flat panel to be tested is installed on the through hole of the sound insulation test fixture, and the two sides of the sound insulation test fixture are connected to the reverberation chamber and the anechoic chamber;

[0014] The calculation unit is used to determine the first sound insulation value according to the sound pressure level and the sound intensity level under the test state;

[0015] The acquisition unit is used to acquire a second sound insulation value; the second sound insulation value is determined according to the sound pressure level and the sound intensity level in the through-hole state after the sound source generator is turned on; the through-hole state is a state when the panel to be tested is not installed on the sound insulation test fixture;

[0016] The calculation unit is further used to determine the sound insulation value of the panel to be tested according to the first sound insulation value and the second sound insulation value.

[0017] The present application provides a method for testing the sound insulation performance of a flat panel, comprising: in a test state, by turning on a sound source generator arranged in a reverberation chamber, obtaining the sound pressure level in the reverberation chamber and the sound intensity level on the anechoic chamber side, and determining a first sound insulation amount according to the sound pressure level and the sound intensity level in the test state; obtaining a second sound insulation amount, and determining the sound insulation amount of the flat panel to be tested according to the first sound insulation amount and the second sound insulation amount. The second sound insulation amount is determined according to the sound pressure level and the sound intensity level in the through-hole state after turning on the sound source generator in the through-hole state.

[0018] It can be seen from the above technical solution that, for the flat plate sound insulation performance test process, a test method in the through-hole state is designed to eliminate the test result error caused by the sound insulation test tooling and improve the accuracy of the flat plate sound insulation performance test results. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 A method flow chart of a method for testing the sound insulation performance of a flat plate provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a device structure diagram of a flat plate sound insulation performance testing device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0023] In the existing flat plate sample sound insulation performance test method, the flat plate sample to be tested is usually placed on the sound insulation test fixture between the reverberation chamber and the anechoic chamber for testing. According to the sound insulation calculation formula: STL = L P -L I -6 to obtain the sound insulation value of the flat plate sample to be tested; wherein, L P is the sound pressure level of the reverberation room, L I is the sound intensity level of the anechoic chamber. In the actual test process, since the sound insulation test fixture has a through hole where the flat sample to be tested is installed, the sound waves in the reverberation chamber encounter cross-sectional changes during propagation, and the mismatch of acoustic impedance leads to sound wave reflection. That is, in the sound insulation performance test process, there is inevitably a structural sound insulation error caused by sound wave reflection. Therefore, the test results obtained by the existing flat sample sound insulation performance test method have a serious deviation.

[0024] To this end, the present application provides a method and device for testing the sound insulation performance of a flat plate. According to the sound insulation performance testing process of the flat plate, an experimental testing method in a through-hole state is designed to eliminate the test result error caused by the sound insulation test tooling and improve the accuracy of the sound insulation performance test results of the flat plate.

[0025] Figure 1 A method flow chart of a method for testing the sound insulation performance of a flat plate provided in an embodiment of the present application, the method comprising:

[0026] S101: Under a test state, a sound source generator arranged in the reverberation chamber is turned on to obtain a sound pressure level in the reverberation chamber and a sound intensity level on the anechoic chamber side.

[0027] The reverberation chamber and the anechoic chamber in the embodiment of the present application are connected by a sound insulation test fixture, and the sound insulation test fixture is processed with through holes for installing and fixing the flat panel to be tested. In the test state, the flat panel to be tested is installed on the through holes of the sound insulation test fixture.

[0028] There are several sound source generators arranged in the reverberation chamber, which can be loudspeakers, microphones, etc. By controlling the sound source generators in the reverberation chamber, the required sound energy is provided for the flat panel sound insulation test process. In the specific implementation process, in the test state, the sound pressure level in the reverberation chamber and the sound intensity level on the anechoic chamber side are obtained by turning on the sound source generators arranged in the reverberation chamber.

[0029] In a possible implementation, a sound intensity test probe is installed on the anechoic chamber side to obtain the sound intensity level on the anechoic chamber side.

[0030] In order to meet the sound insulation test requirements, the sound insulation of the sound insulation test fixture needs to be at least 20dB greater than the sound insulation of the panel to be tested. Specifically:

[0031] STL 工装 -STL 待测 ≥20 Formula (1)

[0032] Among them, STL 工装 The sound insulation of the sound insulation test tooling; STL 待测 is the sound insulation of the panel to be tested;

[0033] STL=20lg(M)+10lg(f)-47.2 Formula (2)

[0034] Where M is the surface density of the material, in kg / m 2 ; f is the center frequency of 1 / 3 octave, in Hz;

[0035] According to formula (1) and formula (2), we can calculate: M 工装 ≥10*M 待测, that is, the surface density of the panel material of the sound insulation test fixture is at least 10 times greater than the maximum surface density of the panel to be tested.

[0036] In view of this, in the embodiment of the present application, a steel sound insulation test fixture with sufficient sound insulation is manufactured to meet the sound insulation test requirements of all flat panels to be tested.

[0037] S102: Determine a first sound insulation amount according to the sound pressure level and the sound intensity level under the test state.

[0038] Under the test state, the panel to be tested is mounted on the through hole of the sound insulation test fixture, and the first sound insulation amount STL1 is determined using the sound insulation amount calculation formula according to the sound pressure level in the reverberation chamber and the sound intensity level on the anechoic chamber side under the test state.

[0039] The sound insulation calculation formula is:

[0040] STL=L P -L I -6 Formula (3)

[0041] Among them, L P is the sound pressure level in the reverberation room; L I is the sound intensity level on the anechoic chamber side;

[0042] S103: Obtain a second sound insulation level.

[0043] The ideal state of sound insulation performance test is: the sound insulation test fixture does not leak sound, and the sound energy emitted by the sound source generator in the reverberation chamber is all transmitted to the anechoic chamber side through the flat panel to be tested, so that the sound insulation measured is the sound insulation of the flat panel to be tested. However, since the sound insulation test fixture has a certain thickness, there will be a through hole where the flat panel to be tested is installed, which causes the sound waves in the reverberation chamber to be partially reflected back when passing through the through hole due to the mismatch of acoustic impedance. That is, in the actual sound insulation performance test, there is inevitably a structural sound insulation error caused by the sound insulation test fixture.

[0044] The present application designs a test method in the through-hole state for the flat panel sound insulation performance test process, which is used to determine the above-mentioned structural sound insulation error. Specifically, in the through-hole state, after turning on the sound source generator in the reverberation chamber, the second sound insulation amount SPL2 used to identify the structural sound insulation error caused by the sound insulation test fixture is determined according to the sound pressure level in the reverberation chamber in the through-hole state and the sound intensity level on the anechoic chamber side, using formula (3). The through-hole state refers to the state when the flat panel to be tested is not installed on the sound insulation test fixture.

[0045] In a possible implementation, especially when using the same sound insulation test tool to test the sound insulation performance of multiple panels to be tested, the second sound insulation value can be determined in the first test process and can be directly obtained in the subsequent test process, thereby saving the test process.

[0046] In another possible implementation, in each flat panel sound insulation performance test, the second sound insulation value determination step is performed, and then the second sound insulation value is obtained. For each flat panel sound insulation performance test, the second sound insulation value determination step is performed, which can ensure that the second sound insulation value used for subsequent calculations is the one corresponding to the test, thereby making the test result of the flat panel sound insulation performance test more accurate.

[0047] S104: Determine the sound insulation value of the panel to be tested according to the first sound insulation value and the second sound insulation value.

[0048] The sound insulation value of the panel to be tested is determined according to the first sound insulation value STL1 and the second sound insulation value SPL2. Specifically, the sound insulation value of the panel to be tested is determined by using formula (4):

[0049] STL=STL1-STL2 (Formula 4)

[0050] The second sound insulation value is eliminated from the first sound insulation value determined under the test state, that is, the structural sound insulation error value caused by the sound insulation test fixture is eliminated, thereby making the test result of the flat panel sound insulation performance test more accurate.

[0051] In a possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0052] Obtaining a third sound insulation amount determined according to the sound pressure level in the reverberation chamber and the sound intensity level on the anechoic chamber side after the sound source generator is turned off in the through-hole state;

[0053] The sound insulation value of the panel to be tested is determined according to the first sound insulation value, the second sound insulation value and the third sound insulation value.

[0054] Specifically, in the actual sound insulation performance test process, it is impossible to ensure that the test environment reaches an absolutely ideal test acoustic environment, that is, there is background noise in the reverberation room and anechoic room used in the test. Obviously, the presence of background noise will bring a certain degree of error to the test results of the sound insulation performance test.

[0055] To address this problem, the present application also designs a test method in a no-sound source state to determine the above-mentioned background noise. Specifically, in the through-hole state, after turning off the sound source generator, the third sound insulation level SPL3 used to identify the above-mentioned background noise is determined based on the sound pressure level in the reverberation chamber and the sound intensity level on the anechoic chamber side.

[0056] Further, the sound insulation value of the panel to be tested is determined according to the first sound insulation value STL1, the second sound insulation value SPL2 and the third sound insulation value SPL3. Specifically, the sound insulation value of the panel to be tested is determined by calculating using formula (5):

[0057] STL=STL1-STL2-STL3 (Formula 5)

[0058] The flat panel sound insulation performance test method provided by the embodiment of the present application not only eliminates the structural sound insulation error value caused by the sound insulation test tooling, but also eliminates the background noise error caused by the test environment, thereby making the test results of the flat panel sound insulation performance test more accurate. Specifically, for the flat panel sound insulation performance test process, a test method in a through-hole state is designed to eliminate the test result error caused by the sound insulation test tooling, thereby improving the accuracy of the flat panel sound insulation performance test results; in addition, a test method in a no-sound source state is also designed to eliminate the test result error caused by background noise, which can further improve the accuracy of the flat panel sound insulation performance test results.

[0059] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of a device for testing the sound insulation performance of a flat plate provided in an embodiment of the present application. The device includes a testing unit 201, a calculating unit 202, and an acquiring unit 203:

[0060] The test unit 201 is used to obtain the sound pressure level in the reverberation chamber and the sound intensity level on the anechoic chamber side by turning on the sound source generator arranged in the reverberation chamber in the test state; in the test state, the panel to be tested is installed on the through hole of the sound insulation test fixture, and the two sides of the sound insulation test fixture are connected to the reverberation chamber and the anechoic chamber;

[0061] The calculation unit 202 is used to determine the first sound insulation value according to the sound pressure level and the sound intensity level under the test state;

[0062] The acquisition unit 203 is used to acquire a second sound insulation value; the second sound insulation value is determined according to the sound pressure level and the sound intensity level in the through-hole state after the sound source generator is turned on; the through-hole state is a state when the panel to be tested is not installed on the sound insulation test fixture;

[0063] The calculation unit 202 is further configured to determine the sound insulation value of the panel to be tested according to the first sound insulation value and the second sound insulation value.

[0064] In a possible implementation, the acquisition unit 203 is further used to acquire a third sound insulation amount determined according to the sound pressure level in the reverberation chamber and the sound intensity level on the anechoic chamber side after the sound source generator is turned off in the through-hole state; the calculation unit 202 is further used to determine the sound insulation amount of the flat panel to be tested according to the first sound insulation amount, the second sound insulation amount, and the third sound insulation amount.

[0065] In a possible implementation, a sound intensity test probe is installed on the anechoic chamber side, and the test unit 201 is further used to obtain the sound intensity level on the anechoic chamber side measured by the sound intensity test probe.

[0066] For the device embodiment, since it basically corresponds to the method embodiment, the relevant parts can refer to the partial description of the method embodiment. The device embodiment described above is only schematic, wherein the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the scheme of this embodiment. Ordinary technicians in this field can understand and implement it without paying creative work.

[0067] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0068] The above is a detailed introduction to a method and device for testing the sound insulation performance of a flat plate provided in the embodiment of the present application. The principles and implementation methods of the present application are described in detail using specific examples herein. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present application. At the same time, for a person skilled in the art, according to the method of the present application, there will be changes in the specific implementation method and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for testing the sound insulation performance of a flat plate, characterized in that: The method comprises: In the test state, the sound pressure level in the reverberation chamber and the sound intensity level on the anechoic chamber side are obtained by turning on the sound source generator arranged in the reverberation chamber; in the test state, the panel to be tested is installed on the through hole of the sound insulation test fixture, the two sides of the sound insulation test fixture are connected to the reverberation chamber and the anechoic chamber, and the sound insulation test fixture is a steel sound insulation test fixture, wherein the surface density of the panel material of the sound insulation test fixture is greater than or equal to 10 times the maximum surface density of the panel to be tested, when the surface density of the panel material of the sound insulation test fixture is greater than or equal to 10 times the maximum surface density of the panel to be tested, the sound insulation of the sound insulation test fixture is greater than or equal to 20 decibels of the sound insulation of the panel to be tested, and if the sound insulation of the sound insulation test fixture is greater than or equal to 20 decibels of the sound insulation of the panel to be tested, the sound insulation test fixture is used to perform sound insulation tests on multiple different panels to be tested to determine the sound insulation corresponding to the multiple different panels to be tested respectively; Determining a first sound insulation value according to the sound pressure level and the sound intensity level under the test state; Obtaining a second sound insulation value; the second sound insulation value is determined according to the sound pressure level and the sound intensity level in the through-hole state after the sound source generator is turned on; the through-hole state is a state when the panel to be tested is not installed on the sound insulation test fixture; Determining the sound insulation value of the panel to be tested according to the first sound insulation value and the second sound insulation value; Obtaining a third sound insulation amount determined according to the sound pressure level in the reverberation chamber and the sound intensity level on the anechoic chamber side after the sound source generator is turned off in the through-hole state; Then, according to the first sound insulation value and the second sound insulation value, the sound insulation value of the panel to be tested is determined as: Determine the sound insulation value of the panel to be tested according to the first sound insulation value, the second sound insulation value and the third sound insulation value; A sound intensity test probe is placed on the side of the anechoic chamber, and the sound intensity level on the side of the anechoic chamber is obtained by the following method: Acquiring the sound intensity level on the anechoic chamber side measured by the sound intensity test probe; The sound insulation of the panel to be tested is determined by the following formula: STL=STL1-STL2-STL3 In the above formula, STL represents the sound insulation value of the panel to be tested, STL1 represents the first sound insulation value, STL2 represents the second sound insulation value, and STL3 represents the third sound insulation value.

2. A flat plate sound insulation performance testing device, characterized in that: The device comprises a testing unit, a calculating unit and an acquiring unit: The test unit is used to obtain the sound pressure level in the reverberation chamber and the sound intensity level on the anechoic chamber side by turning on the sound source generator arranged in the reverberation chamber in the test state; in the test state, the panel to be tested is installed on the through hole of the sound insulation test fixture, the two sides of the sound insulation test fixture are connected to the reverberation chamber and the anechoic chamber, and the sound insulation test fixture is a steel sound insulation test fixture, wherein the surface density of the panel material of the sound insulation test fixture is greater than or equal to 10 times the maximum surface density of the panel to be tested, when the surface density of the panel material of the sound insulation test fixture is greater than or equal to 10 times the maximum surface density of the panel to be tested, the sound insulation of the sound insulation test fixture is greater than or equal to 20 decibels of the sound insulation of the panel to be tested, and if the sound insulation of the sound insulation test fixture is greater than or equal to 20 decibels of the sound insulation of the panel to be tested, the sound insulation test fixture is used to perform sound insulation tests on multiple different panels to be tested to determine the sound insulation corresponding to the multiple different panels to be tested respectively; The calculation unit is used to determine the first sound insulation value according to the sound pressure level and the sound intensity level under the test state; The acquisition unit is used to acquire a second sound insulation value; the second sound insulation value is determined according to the sound pressure level and the sound intensity level in the through-hole state after the sound source generator is turned on; the through-hole state is a state when the panel to be tested is not installed on the sound insulation test fixture; The calculation unit is further used to determine the sound insulation value of the panel to be tested according to the first sound insulation value and the second sound insulation value; The acquisition unit is further used to acquire a third sound insulation value determined according to the sound pressure level in the reverberation chamber and the sound intensity level on the anechoic chamber side after the sound source generator is turned off in the through-hole state; The calculation unit is further used to determine the sound insulation value of the panel to be tested according to the first sound insulation value, the second sound insulation value and the third sound insulation value; A sound intensity test probe is arranged on the side of the anechoic chamber, and the test unit is further used to obtain the sound intensity level on the side of the anechoic chamber measured by the sound intensity test probe; The sound insulation of the panel to be tested is determined by the following formula: STL=STL1-STL2-STL3 In the above formula, STL represents the sound insulation value of the panel to be tested, STL1 represents the first sound insulation value, STL2 represents the second sound insulation value, and STL3 represents the third sound insulation value.

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