Airport noise map drawing method and system

Abstract

The embodiment of this specification provides a method and system for drawing an airport noise map, wherein the method includes: obtaining basic airport information; collecting airport automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast (ADS‑B) flight data through the Internet, and obtaining the airport's real track type and flight procedure based on the ADS‑B flight data; constructing an airport noise model based on the airport basic information and the real track type to obtain airport noise simulation data; and correcting the parameters of the airport noise model through an airport noise model verification method to draw an airport noise map. A low-cost and convenient airport noise map drawing method can be provided for the treatment of airport noise pollution.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This document relates to the technical field of environmental noise monitoring and noise visualization, and in particular to a method and system for drawing airport noise maps. Background Art

[0002] Nowadays, people's demand for air transportation is increasing day by day, and my country's air transportation industry is booming. The resulting airport noise pollution problem is becoming more and more serious. How to effectively control airport noise pollution is an important and urgent issue.

[0003] Drawing airport noise maps is a common method for assessing noise pollution levels. Currently, airport noise simulation software relies on the airport's annual historical operating data, which is difficult or costly to obtain and is not real-time. Secondly, this method relies on official charts to draw take-off and landing tracks, and in most cases cannot take into account the actual operation of the airport. At the same time, noise maps drawn using airport noise simulation software in the past require 24-hour continuous noise monitoring of several points to verify the accuracy of the noise model, which increases the difficulty of drawing airport noise maps. In addition, most of the noise map models currently constructed in China using simulation software are relatively simple in content, most of which do not contain population information, and cannot quickly and reasonably assess the situation of the exposed population, or they rely heavily on confidential data provided by the Land Planning Bureau to draw buildings and describe population distribution.

[0004] The Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) system enables aircraft to broadcast their accurate position and other information (altitude, speed, etc.) in real time through their ADS-B equipment, thereby enabling precise monitoring of aircraft. In addition, the acquisition of ADS-B data is low-cost, and the ADS-B data of almost all aircraft at an airport in the world can be obtained through the Internet. With the full coverage of the ADS-B network in the future, the ADS-B flight data of airports obtained through the Internet will be able to directly represent the actual operation data of the airport.

[0005] Therefore, it is of great significance to design and develop an airport noise mapping method based on low-cost airport flight data on the Internet, a simple verification method, and convenient for population exposure analysis. Summary of the invention

[0006] One or more embodiments of this specification provide a method for drawing an airport noise map, including:

[0007] S1. Obtain basic airport information;

[0008] S2. Collecting airport Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast System ADS-B flight data through the Internet, and obtaining the actual track type of the airport according to the ADS-B flight data;

[0009] S3. Construct an airport noise model based on the basic airport information and the actual flight path type to obtain airport noise simulation data;

[0010] S4. Through the airport noise model verification method, correct the parameters of the airport noise model and draw the airport noise map.

[0011] One or more embodiments of the present specification provide an airport noise mapping system, including:

[0012] Airport information acquisition module: used to obtain basic airport information;

[0013] Flight data analysis module: used to collect airport Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) flight data through the Internet, and obtain the airport's real track type based on the ADS-B flight data;

[0014] Noise model building module: used to build an airport noise model according to the airport basic information and the actual track type, and obtain airport noise simulation data;

[0015] Noise map drawing module: used to correct the parameters of the airport noise model through the airport noise model verification method, verify the accuracy of the noise map, and draw the airport noise map.

[0016] By adopting the embodiment of the present invention, an airport noise map is constructed based on flight data on the Internet that can be easily obtained. The map has the characteristics of being fast, low-cost, and real-time, and can play a great role in the face of noise complaints and other situations where a temporary and rapid construction of an airport noise map is required for evaluation, thereby saving time and cost. The map can be more combined with actual conditions and more realistically reflect the impact of aircraft noise in the real world. The map can be more efficiently verified for its accuracy and used to quickly monitor the aircraft noise level at a certain location. The map has good executability and greatly facilitates the verification process of the noise map model. A low-cost and convenient airport noise map drawing method is provided for the control of airport noise pollution. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate one or more embodiments of this specification or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this specification. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0018] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a method for drawing an airport noise map according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2is a flowchart of Internet flight data collection and processing according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 is a summary flow chart of the ADS-B real track of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 is a flow chart of building population assessment according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of an airport noise mapping system according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in one or more embodiments of this specification, the following will be combined with the drawings in one or more embodiments of this specification to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in one or more embodiments of this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of this specification, not all of the embodiments. Based on one or more embodiments of this specification, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of this document.

[0024] Method Embodiment

[0025] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method for drawing an airport noise map is provided. Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for drawing an airport noise map according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the method for drawing an airport noise map according to an embodiment of the present invention specifically includes:

[0026] S1. Obtain basic airport information.

[0027] Obtain basic information such as the location of the airport, high-definition satellite images of the airport area, the latest census data, geographic information of the airport area, and distribution information of residential buildings. In this embodiment, the location of the airport is obtained from the Civil Aviation Administration of China's Aeronautical Information Publication (AIP); the latest high-definition satellite images of the airport area are obtained from Google Earth Pro; the latest census data of each administrative region is obtained from the official government website; and the geographic information of the airport area and the distribution information of residential buildings are obtained from Amap.

[0028] S2. Collect the airport Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) flight data through the Internet, and obtain the airport's real track type based on the ADS-B flight data.

[0029] Specifically, Figure 2 This is the flow chart of Internet flight data collection and processing. Figure 2It can be seen that the method of collecting and processing Internet flight data is as follows: collect the airport's historical ADS-B flight data from the flight data tracking website Flightradar24.com, check the data and determine whether the flight data is complete; if complete, summarize the data; if incomplete, use other flight data tracking websites to query and supplement, and summarize the successfully supplemented data together with the complete flight data. The summarized flight data includes take-off and landing times, aircraft codes and flight numbers; then conduct in-depth inquiries on the flight numbers, collect ADS-B flight data in depth, and obtain the take-off and landing runways, aircraft models, and ADS-B tracks of each flight; summarize the take-off and landing times, take-off and landing runways, aircraft models, and ADS-B flights of each flight, and finally obtain the airport's daily average take-off and landing flight information for different runways, different time periods, different aircraft models, and different tracks.

[0030] Perform three-dimensional track visualization analysis on the ADS-B tracks in the ADS-B flight data, summarize the airport ADS-B track types, establish a visualized real track type information table for the airport, and describe the flight procedures executed by the airport track types. Figure 3 This is the inductive flow chart of the real ADS-B track. Figure 3 It can be seen that the method of summarizing the real ADS-B track is as follows: import the ADS-B track data in Kml. format into Google Earth Pro software for three-dimensional track visualization analysis, summarize the real and commonly executed track types of the airport, discard the track types with a very small number (non-normal operation), classify them by takeoff and landing, and establish a visualized real track type information library of the airport. Based on the visualized real track information library, combined with the official chart information in the Aeronautical Information Publication (AIP), describe the flight procedures executed by the airport track type.

[0031] S3. Based on the basic airport information and the actual flight track type, an airport noise model is constructed to obtain airport noise simulation data.

[0032] Firstly, the airport runways and flight tracks are drawn in the airport noise model according to the basic information of the airport and the actual flight track types. The residential buildings in the area around the airport are simplified and drawn according to the distribution information of residential buildings. The normalization method is applied to evaluate the population of each residential building according to the latest census data, thus completing the construction of the airport noise model.

[0033] Specifically,

[0034] According to the basic information of the airport and the real track type, the specific method of drawing the airport track in the airport noise model is as follows:

[0035] First, the flight tracks were preliminarily drawn in the airport noise model by combining the obtained flight program with the airport noise simulation software CadnaA. The high-definition satellite images of the large area around the airport in the Google Earth Pro software were imported into the CadnaA airport noise model. The ADS-B visualized flight tracks in the same high-definition satellite images as those in Google Earth Pro were checked. The specific method is as follows:

[0036] 1) Observe a large number of ADS-B visualized tracks of each track type in Google Earth Pro, find out several points that must be passed in each track type in the high-definition satellite image, and mark them.

[0037] 2) Mark the same must-go points as in 1) in the noise model using the same high-definition satellite image as the map.

[0038] 3) By adjusting the turning radius, straight-line distance, turning angle and other parameters of the track in the airport noise model, the representative track in the airport noise model can pass through the necessary points of the corresponding track type, thereby representing each track type in the actual situation and completing the drawing of the track in the airport noise model.

[0039] The specific method of simplifying the drawing of residential buildings in the area around the airport based on the distribution information of residential buildings is as follows:

[0040] The minimum interval value of the building group is preset, and the residential building groups with intervals smaller than the minimum value are merged and drawn using CadnaA software, thereby completing the drawing of the basic outline of the building group;

[0041] Determine the height of each building and complete the mapping of residential buildings in the area around the airport;

[0042] A maximum height difference is preset, and the buildings around the airport are divided into areas based on whether the height difference between adjacent buildings is less than the preset value. The Tencent Street View Map website is used to evaluate the number of floors of residential buildings in each small area with basically the same height. Based on the number of floors of buildings in each area and the floor height of buildings in each area evaluated on site, the height of buildings in each area is determined by calculating building height = number of floors * height of each floor.

[0043] Apply normalization to estimate the population of each residential building based on the latest census data, Figure 4 Evaluate the flow chart for building population, e.g. Figure 4 As shown, the actual total population is distributed to each building through a normalized calculation method to obtain the population of each building. The specific method is:

[0044] The total population in the area around the airport is evaluated, a normalization factor is obtained by calculating the ratio of the actual total population in the area around the airport to the evaluated total population, and the population of each building is obtained by calculating the product of the estimated population of each building and the normalization factor.

[0045] S4. Through the airport noise model verification method, correct the parameters of the airport noise model and draw the airport noise map.

[0046] According to the airport's ADS-B flight data, the error between the proportion of aircraft types taking off and landing on different runways at different times and the proportion of aircraft types throughout the day is analyzed, so as to determine the short-term monitoring period T during which the proportion of aircraft types during the period is very close to the proportion of aircraft types throughout the day; combined with the ADS-B flight data, a simplified airport noise evaluation quantity L is proposed WECPN The calculation method and simplified airport noise model verification method are as follows:

[0047] (1) Use a single-day model verification experiment to correct the noise model parameters: First, determine a number of noise monitoring points. Select one day and conduct field noise monitoring at the monitoring points within a short-term monitoring period T to obtain the field monitoring results of each monitoring point. The field monitoring results are compared with the simulation results of the flight data of the day. According to the errors, the parameters of the constructed airport noise model are corrected, including correcting the track parameters, runway position, etc.

[0048] (2) Use the model verification experiment in (1) to verify the accuracy of the aircraft noise model (map) for multiple consecutive days. Select a number of noise monitoring points, conduct field noise monitoring for multiple consecutive days (the specific number of days depends on the actual situation), and compare the representative monitoring results of each monitoring point with the simulation results of the airport on the same day or a certain period of time, and verify the accuracy of the airport noise map through the error.

[0049] The airport noise evaluation value L WECPN The specific calculation method is:

[0050] Since the noise levels generated by different aircraft types when passing through the same point vary greatly, the main aircraft types at the airport are determined based on the airport's ADS-B flight data, and the proportion of the airport's main aircraft types taking off and landing on different runways in different time periods is analyzed. This is compared with the proportion of aircraft types taking off and landing on each runway at the airport throughout the day, and the size of the error is analyzed; based on the error, a short-term monitoring period T is determined in which the proportion of aircraft types taking off and landing on different runways at the airport in different time periods is very close to the proportion of aircraft types throughout the day, and the energy average value of the effective perceived noise level is obtained by monitoring each monitoring point within the short-term monitoring period T.

[0051] The energy average of the effective perceived noise level The specific method of calculating the field noise evaluation quantity is shown in Formula 1:

[0052]

[0053] in, N1 is the energy average of the effective perceived noise level obtained during the short-term monitoring period T; ADS-B 、N2 ADS-B 、N3 ADS-B They are the number of flight events passing through the monitoring point during the day (7:00-19:00), evening (19:00-22:00), and night (22:00-7:00) obtained using ADS-B flight data. Specifically, the energy average value of the effective perceived noise level obtained during the short-term monitoring period T The calculation method is shown in Formula 2:

[0054]

[0055] in is the effective perceived noise level L obtained from monitoring at each monitoring point during the short-term monitoring period T EPN The average energy value, L EPNi is the effective perceived noise level L of a flight event at the monitoring point EPN (obtained by direct measurement of the equipment), N is the number of flight events during the monitoring period of the monitoring point.

[0056] In the actual application process of the airport, the above airport noise evaluation value L WECPN The value obtained by the calculation method is different from the L obtained by the traditional 24h monitoring method. WECPN The value was compared with that of the traditional 24h monitoring method, and the error was about 1dB. Therefore, the result of short-term monitoring using the above method is very close to the result of traditional 24h monitoring. Therefore, the above verification method is reliable.

[0057] By adopting the embodiment of the present invention, an airport noise map is constructed based on flight data on the Internet that can be easily obtained. It has the characteristics of fast, low cost and real-time performance, and can play a great role in the face of noise complaints and other situations where temporary and rapid construction of airport noise maps is required for evaluation, thus saving time and cost to a great extent. The take-off and landing tracks in the noise model are drawn based on the ADS-B real track of flight data, which can be more combined with the actual situation and more realistically reflect the impact of aircraft noise in the real world. A simplified L WECPN The calculation method and the airport noise model verification method are used to verify the accuracy of the noise model, which is convenient, fast, low-cost and real-time. It can more efficiently verify the accuracy of the airport noise map and can also be used to quickly monitor the aircraft noise level at a certain location. It has good executability. At the same time, the same principle of the present invention is also applicable to the evaluation index of the day and night equivalent sound level Ldn The airport noise model greatly facilitates the verification process of the noise map model and provides a low-cost and convenient airport noise map drawing method for the control of airport noise pollution.

[0058] System Example

[0059] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a system for drawing an airport noise map is provided. Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of an airport noise mapping system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 As shown, the airport noise mapping system according to an embodiment of the present invention specifically includes:

[0060] Airport information acquisition module 50: used to obtain basic airport information;

[0061] Flight data analysis module 52: used to collect airport Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) flight data through the Internet, and obtain the airport's real track type according to the ADS-B flight data;

[0062] Noise model building module 54: used to build an airport noise model according to the airport basic information and the real track type, and obtain airport noise simulation data;

[0063] Noise map drawing module 56: used to correct the parameters of the airport noise model through the airport noise model verification method, verify the accuracy of the noise map, and draw the airport noise map.

[0064] The embodiment of the present invention is a system embodiment corresponding to the above-mentioned method embodiment. The specific operations of each module can be understood by referring to the description of the method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0065] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for drawing an airport noise map, comprising: S1. Obtain basic airport information; The basic airport information includes: the location of the airport, high-definition satellite images of the airport area, the latest census data, geographic information of the airport area and distribution information of residential buildings; S2. Collecting airport Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast System ADS-B flight data through the Internet, and obtaining the actual track type of the airport according to the ADS-B flight data; The ADS-B flight data includes: the actual take-off and landing time, take-off and landing runway, real track data and aircraft model data of the flight; The method for obtaining the actual track type of the airport according to the ADS-B flight data is specifically as follows: By collating the ADS-B flight data, the average daily take-off and landing numbers of different runways, different time periods, and different aircraft types at the airport are obtained; Performing three-dimensional track visualization analysis on the real track data, summarizing the airport ADS-B track types, establishing a visualized real track type information table of the airport, and describing the flight procedures executed by the airport track types; S3. Construct an airport noise model based on the basic airport information and the actual flight path type to obtain airport noise simulation data; The constructing of the airport noise model according to the airport basic information and the real track type specifically includes: Draw the airport runway and flight path in the airport noise model; the specific method is: Drawing an initial flight track in the airport noise model through the flight program, calibrating the initial flight track with the real flight track type in the high-definition satellite image of the airport area, and completing the drawing of the flight track in the airport noise model; Simplify the drawing of residential buildings in the area around the airport; the specific method is: Preset a minimum value for the interval between building groups, merge residential building groups with intervals smaller than the minimum value, draw a basic outline of the building group, and complete the drawing of residential buildings in the area around the airport; The specific method for determining the height of each building is: dividing the buildings around the airport into regions according to whether the height difference between adjacent buildings is less than a preset value, and calculating the building height of each region according to the number of floors and floor heights of the buildings in each region; Assess the population of each residential building; the specific method is: Assessing the total population in the area around the airport, obtaining a normalization factor by calculating the ratio of the actual total population of the area around the airport to the assessed total population, and obtaining the population of each building by calculating the product of the estimated population of each building and the normalization factor; S4. Modify the parameters of the airport noise model and draw an airport noise map through the airport noise model verification method; The airport noise model verification method is specifically as follows: Calculate the field monitoring results of the airport noise evaluation at each monitoring point, compare the field monitoring results of each monitoring point with the simulation results of the airport noise model, correct the parameters of the airport noise model through errors, including corrected track parameters and runway positions, verify the accuracy of the airport noise map, and finally complete the drawing of the airport noise map.

2. According to the method of claim 1, the method for calculating the airport noise evaluation value is specifically: According to the ADS-B flight data of the airport, determine the short-term monitoring period T in which the proportion of aircraft types taking off and landing at different time periods and different runways of the airport is very close to the proportion of aircraft types throughout the day; The energy average value of the effective perceived noise level is obtained by monitoring the short-term monitoring period T. The calculation method of the airport noise evaluation amount is shown in Formula 1: in, is the effective perceived noise level (L) obtained during the short-term monitoring period T EPN )’s energy average; N1 ADS-B 、N2 ADS-B 、N3 ADS-B They are the number of flight events passing through the monitoring point from 7:00 to 19:00, 19:00 to 22:00, and 22:00 to 7:00, respectively, obtained using ADS-B flight data.

3. An airport noise mapping system based on the airport noise mapping method of claim 1, comprising: Airport information acquisition module: used to obtain basic airport information; Flight data analysis module: used to collect airport Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) flight data through the Internet, and obtain the airport's real track type based on the ADS-B flight data; Noise model building module: used to build an airport noise model according to the airport basic information and the actual track type, and obtain airport noise simulation data; Noise map drawing module: used to correct the parameters of the airport noise model through the airport noise model verification method, verify the accuracy of the noise map, and draw the airport noise map.

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