A brake shoe wear automatic adjustment and compensation device

Abstract

The present invention relates to an automatic adjustment and compensation device for brake shoe wear, which comprises a cylinder, a torsion spring, a compression spring, and a push rod, a rear cover and a front cover connected to the cylinder. One end of the push rod is connected to the brake cylinder on the vehicle, and the rest is installed in the cylinder; the rear cover is provided with a bottom hole and double ear holes; the bottom hole is connected to one end of the compression spring, and the other end of the compression spring is connected to the push rod; the double ear holes are connected to the suspension rod II on the vehicle, and the rest is connected to the cylinder; a dust ring is installed in the front cover; a pin shaft and a cover plate are provided on the cylinder; a pawl with a boss is passed through the pin shaft, and the boss contacts the push rod; one end of the torsion spring contacts the pawl, and the other end contacts the cylinder. The present invention can automatically adjust the length of the push rod according to the wear condition of the brake shoe, compensate for the gap caused by the thinning of the brake shoe thickness, and does not require manual adjustment, saving time and effort, and improving driving safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel shield construction, and in particular to an automatic adjustment and compensation device for brake shoe wear. Background Art

[0002] In the current tunnel shield construction, most electric locomotives and their towed supporting vehicles are used as the main means of transporting slag and materials. Electric locomotives and their supporting vehicles use wheel-rail technology, relying on wheels to travel on rails. Their braking method uses brake shoe braking, relying on the friction torque generated by the brake shoe and the wheel tread to brake the electric locomotive and supporting vehicles. When braking in this way, the brake shoe will always be in contact with the wheel tread, so the brake shoe will continue to wear until it is scrapped and replaced with a new brake shoe. When the brake shoe is worn too much and the brake cylinder stroke is limited, the gap between the brake shoe and the wheel tread is too large, which will lead to insufficient braking force, brake failure, and endanger driving safety.

[0003] At present, the measures taken on vehicles are to install an adjusting screw mechanism and regularly adjust the length of the adjusting screw mechanism manually to ensure effective braking. Although this measure is feasible, it is very inconvenient to adjust due to the complex on-site environment, the low position of the adjusting screw mechanism, and the small adjustment space; moreover, tunnel shield construction is mostly in a humid and watery environment, the adjusting screw mechanism is prone to rust, and the length cannot be adjusted; in addition, some construction units do not have adequate management, operators do not strictly follow the operating procedures, and do not regularly adjust the length of the adjusting screw mechanism in a timely manner, resulting in hidden dangers in vehicle braking and affecting driving safety. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a safe and reliable brake shoe wear automatic adjustment and compensation device which can replace the adjusting screw rod mechanism.

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention discloses an automatic adjustment and compensation device for brake shoe wear, which is characterized in that: the device comprises a cylinder, a torsion spring, a compression spring, a push rod, a rear cover and a front cover connected to the cylinder; one end of the push rod is connected to the brake cylinder on the vehicle, and the rest is installed in the cylinder; the rear cover is respectively provided with a bottom hole and double ear holes; the bottom hole is connected to one end of the compression spring, and the other end of the compression spring is connected to the push rod; the double ear holes are connected to the suspension rod II on the vehicle, and the rest is connected to the cylinder; a dust ring is installed in the front cover; a pin shaft and a cover plate are respectively provided on the cylinder; a pawl with a boss is passed through the pin shaft, and the boss is in contact with the push rod; one end of the torsion spring is in contact with the pawl, and the other end is in contact with the cylinder.

[0006] The push rod is composed of a threaded cylinder, a small cylinder, a frustum and a square column connected together; the cylinder is connected to the brake cylinder on the vehicle through the thread; the small cylinder, the frustum and the square column are all installed in the cylinder; the surface of the small cylinder is in contact with the dust ring; the side surface of the frustum is in contact with the inner circle of the cylinder, and four grooves are opened on it, and the four grooves connect the left and right chambers of the cylinder; each of the four faces of the square column has a row of right-angled trapezoidal grooves, which are in contact with the boss; and the positions of the grooves on the two opposite faces are the same, and the positions of the grooves on the two adjacent faces are staggered by half a groove position; the bottom surface of the square column is provided with a center hole, and the side surface connected to the frustum is provided with a concave hole; the compression spring is arranged in the center hole.

[0007] The diameter of the cylinder is smaller than the diameter of the small cylinder, and the diameter of the small cylinder is smaller than the diameter of the frustum.

[0008] The circumscribed circle of the square column forms the bottom surface of the truncated cone.

[0009] The cylinder body is in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, with a round hole at one end and a square hole at the other end. Four small square holes are opened on the cylinder wall at the position of the square hole; the diameter of the round hole matches the threaded cylinder in the push rod; the square hole matches the square column in the push rod; the ratchet claws are arranged in the four small square holes.

[0010] The cylinder body is provided with a pin hole, in which the pin shaft is arranged and fixed with a nut and a washer.

[0011] The cylinder is connected with the concave hole of the push rod through a screw II.

[0012] A sealing gasket is provided between the cylinder and the cover plate, and the cylinder and the cover plate are connected together by screws Ⅰ.

[0013] The front end cover is connected to the cylinder body through bolts.

[0014] A threaded hole is arranged on the plane of the pawl.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0016] 1. In the present invention, one end of the push rod is provided with a thread, the threaded part is connected to the brake cylinder on the vehicle, and the remaining part is installed in the cylinder. Therefore, the length of the push rod can be automatically adjusted according to the wear condition of the brake shoe to compensate for the gap caused by the thinning of the brake shoe thickness. Manual adjustment is not required, which saves time and effort and improves driving safety.

[0017] 2. In the present invention, a row of right-angled trapezoidal grooves are formed on the four faces of the push rod square column, the positions of the grooves on the two opposite faces are the same, and the positions of the grooves on the two adjacent faces are staggered by half a groove. This structure has a large adjustment range and many gears.

[0018] 3. The present invention is provided with a ratchet structure, which is flexible in rotation, has a large load-bearing capacity, and is safe and reliable.

[0019] 4. The present invention adopts a closed structure and grease is applied inside to effectively prevent failures caused by rust. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The specific implementation modes of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 It is the front view of the present invention (fully compressed state).

[0022] Figure 2 It is a top view of the present invention (fully compressed state).

[0023] Figure 3 It is a left view of the present invention (fully compressed state).

[0024] Figure 4 It is an AA cross-sectional view (fully compressed state) of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 It is a BB cross-sectional view of the present invention (fully compressed state).

[0026] Figure 6 It is the front view of the present invention (fully extended state).

[0027] Figure 7 It is a top view of the present invention (fully extended state).

[0028] Figure 8 It is a CC cross-sectional view of the present invention (fully extended state).

[0029] Fig. 9 It is a DD cross-sectional view of the present invention (fully extended state).

[0030] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of a push rod of the present invention.

[0031] Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the installation position and operation of the present invention.

[0032] In the figure: 1—push rod; 101—cylinder; 102—small cylinder; 103—truncated cone; 104—square column; 105—groove; 106—slot; 107—center hole; 108—concave hole; 2—bolt; 3—dust ring; 4—front end cover; 5—cylinder; 6—sealing gasket; 7—cover plate; 8—pawl; 9—torsion spring; 10—pin shaft; 11—screw I; 12—compression spring; 13—rear cover; 14—screw II; 15—wheel; 16—brake shoe I; 17—suspender rod I; 18—brake cylinder; 19—brake shoe wear automatic adjustment and compensation device; 20—suspender rod II; 21—brake shoe II, 22—wheel II. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown, a brake shoe wear automatic adjustment and compensation device includes a cylinder 5, a torsion spring 9, a compression spring 12, a push rod 1 connected to the cylinder 5, a rear cover 13 and a front end cover 4.

[0034] One end of the push rod 1 is connected to the brake cylinder 18 on the vehicle, and the rest is installed in the cylinder 5; the rear cover 13 is provided with a bottom hole and double ear holes; the bottom hole is connected to one end of the compression spring 12, and the other end of the compression spring 12 is connected to the push rod 1; the double ear holes are connected to the suspension rod Ⅱ20 on the vehicle, and the rest is connected to the cylinder 5; the front end cover 4 is equipped with a dust ring 3, and the inner ring of the dust ring 3 forms a seal with the push rod 1; the cylinder 5 is provided with a pin shaft 10 and a cover plate 7; the pin shaft 10 is penetrated by a pawl 8 with a boss, and the boss is in contact with the push rod 1; one end of the torsion spring 9 is in contact with the pawl 8, and the other end is in contact with the cylinder 5.

[0035] The push rod 1 is composed of a threaded cylinder 101, a small cylinder 102, a truncated cone 103 and a square column 104 connected together. The cylinder 101 is connected to the brake cylinder 18 on the vehicle through a thread, and the length of penetration into the brake cylinder 18 can be adjusted; the small cylinder 102, the truncated cone 103 and the square column 104 are all installed in the cylinder 5; the surface of the small cylinder 102 contacts the dust ring 3 to form a seal; the side surface of the truncated cone 103 contacts the inner circle of the cylinder 5 to form a support and positioning; and four grooves 105 are opened on the side surface of the truncated cone 103, and the four grooves 105 are connected to the left and right chambers of the cylinder 5. When the push rod 1 moves in the cylinder 5, it can Balance the air pressure in the chambers on both sides; a row of right-angled trapezoidal grooves 106 are provided on each of the four faces of the square column 104, and the grooves 106 are in contact with the boss; and the positions of the grooves 106 on the two opposite faces are the same, and the positions of the grooves 106 on the two adjacent faces are staggered by half a slot. This structure can subdivide the adjustment spacing of the present invention into half, and double the adjustment gear; a center hole 107 is provided on the bottom surface of the square column 104, and a concave hole 108 is provided on the side connected to the truncated cone 103; a compression spring 12 is provided in the center hole 107.

[0036] The diameter of the cylinder 101 is smaller than the diameter of the small cylinder 102 , and the diameter of the small cylinder 102 is smaller than the diameter of the frustum 103 .

[0037] The circumscribed circle of the square column 104 forms the bottom surface of the truncated cone 103 .

[0038] The barrel 5 is in the shape of a cuboid, with a round hole at one end and a square hole at the other end. Four small square holes are opened on the barrel wall at the position of the square hole; the diameter of the round hole matches the threaded cylinder 101 in the push rod 1; the square hole matches the square column 104 in the push rod 1; ratchet claws 8 are provided in the four small square holes.

[0039] The cylinder 5 is provided with a pin hole, in which a pin shaft 10 is arranged and fixed with a nut and a washer.

[0040] The cylinder 5 is connected to the recessed hole 108 of the push rod 1 through the screw II14.

[0041] A sealing gasket 6 is provided between the cylinder 5 and the cover plate 7, and they are connected together by screws Ⅰ11.

[0042] The front end cover 4 is connected to the cylinder 5 by bolts 2.

[0043] A threaded hole is provided on the plane of the ratchet 8. Since the ratchet 8 is pressed with a torsion spring 9 and the space is small, when the ratchet 8 needs to be lifted, the ratchet 8 can be lifted very conveniently by screwing a corresponding bolt into the threaded hole.

[0044] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, this is the fully compressed state of the present invention. Unscrew the screw Ⅰ11, open the four cover plates 7, and lift the four ratchets 8. At this time, external force can be used to overcome the spring force of the compression spring 12 to press the push rod 1 into the cylinder 5, presenting a fully compressed state. Keeping this state, screw Ⅱ14 into the cylinder 5, and its end head is pushed into the concave hole 108 of the push rod 1 to clamp the push rod 1. At this time, the external force can be removed, and the push rod 1 will not extend. The present invention maintains a fully compressed state. Re-cover the four cover plates 7 and fix them with screws Ⅰ11 to maintain the sealing of the cavity of the present invention.

[0045] like Figures 6 to 9 As shown, this is the fully extended state of the present invention. When the screw II 14 is screwed out, the push rod 1 loses its restraint and will extend under the push of the compression spring 12 until the large circular portion of the push rod 1 is limited by the front end cover 4, forming a fully extended state.

[0046] The boss portion of the ratchet 8 contacts the right-angled trapezoidal groove 106 of the push rod 1 under the pressure of the torsion spring 9. Due to their special shape, the push rod 1 can only move in one direction, that is, it can only move outwards but not inwards.

[0047] like Fig.11As shown, this is the installation position and working diagram of the present invention on the vehicle. The brake shoe wear automatic adjustment and compensation device 19 of the present invention is located between the brake cylinder 18 and the suspension rod II 20. During the first installation, the brake shoe wear automatic adjustment and compensation device 19 is installed in a compressed state, and then the screw II 14 is removed so that it does not restrict the movement of the push rod 1, and the push rod 1 will extend. Since the brake shoe I 16, the suspension rod I 17, the brake cylinder 18, the brake shoe wear automatic adjustment and compensation device 19, the suspension rod II 20, and the brake shoe II 21 are located between the wheel 15 I and the wheel II 22, and the acting forces are on the same straight line, the push rod 1 will push the brake shoe I 16 and the brake shoe II 21 after being extended, so that they are respectively pressed against the wheel 15 I and the wheel II 22, and the pressing force is controlled by the compression spring 12.

[0048] When the vehicle is in a relieved state, the brake cylinder 18 shortens, driving the push rod 1 to move outside the cylinder 5, and the brake shoe wear automatic adjustment and compensation device 19 extends, pressing the brake shoe against the wheel 15Ⅰ and the wheel Ⅱ22. The pressing force is the elastic force of the compression spring 12 minus the friction force of the mechanism. If the elastic force of the compression spring 12 is controlled well, the pressing force will be very small and will not affect the rotation of the wheel 15Ⅰ and the wheel Ⅱ22.

[0049] When the vehicle is in a braking state, the brake cylinder 18 extends, pushing the push rod 1 to move into the cylinder 5. Since the push rod 1 can only move outward in one direction but not inward, the push rod 1 and the cylinder 5 cannot move relative to each other, and are equivalent to a whole. In this way, the force on the brake cylinder is transmitted to the brake shoe through the brake shoe wear automatic adjustment and compensation device 19, forming vehicle braking.

[0050] During the transportation of the vehicle, the brake shoe is constantly worn and the thickness of the brake shoe becomes thinner and thinner. The push rod 1 will continue to extend under the action of the spring force. Therefore, the brake shoe wear automatic adjustment and compensation device will continuously compensate for the gap caused by the thinning of the brake shoe thickness, thereby achieving the effect of automatic adjustment and compensation.

Claims

1. A brake shoe wear automatic adjustment and compensation device, characterized in that: The device comprises a cylinder (5), a torsion spring (9), a compression spring (12), a push rod (1) connected to the cylinder (5), a rear cover (13) and a front cover (4); one end of the push rod (1) is connected to a brake cylinder (18) on a vehicle, and the rest of the push rod (1) is installed in the cylinder (5); a bottom hole and double ear holes are respectively provided on the rear cover (13); the bottom hole is connected to one end of the compression spring (12), and the other end of the compression spring (12) is connected to the push rod (1); the double ear holes are connected to a suspension rod II (20) on the vehicle, and the rest of the push rod is connected to the cylinder (5); the front cover ( 4) is provided with a dust ring (3); the cylinder (5) is provided with a pin shaft (10) and a cover plate (7); the pin shaft (10) is provided with a pawl (8) with a boss, and the boss is in contact with the push rod (1); one end of the torsion spring (9) is in contact with the pawl (8), and the other end is in contact with the cylinder (5); the push rod (1) is composed of a threaded cylinder (101), a small cylinder (102), a frustum (103) and a square column (104) connected together; the cylinder (101) is connected to the brake cylinder (18) on the vehicle through the thread; the small cylinder (10 2) The truncated cone (103) and the square column (104) are both installed in the cylinder (5); the surface of the small cylinder (102) is in contact with the dust ring (3); the side surface of the truncated cone (103) is in contact with the inner circle of the cylinder (5), and four grooves (105) are formed on it, and the four grooves (105) are connected to the left and right chambers of the cylinder (5); each of the four faces of the square column (104) is formed with a row of right-angled trapezoidal grooves (106), and the grooves (106) are in contact with the boss; and the positions of the grooves (106) on two opposite faces are the same, and the grooves on two adjacent faces are (106) is offset by half a slot; a center hole (107) is provided on the bottom surface of the square column (104), and a concave hole (108) is provided on the side surface connected to the truncated cone (103); the compression spring (12) is provided in the center hole (107); the cylinder (5) is in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, with a round hole at one end and a square hole at the other end, and four small square holes are opened on the cylinder wall at the position of the square hole; the diameter of the round hole matches the threaded cylinder (101) in the push rod (1); the square hole matches the square column (104) in the push rod (1); the ratchet (8) is provided in the four small square holes.

2. The brake shoe wear automatic adjustment and compensation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the cylinder (101) is smaller than the diameter of the small cylinder (102), and the diameter of the small cylinder (102) is smaller than the diameter of the frustum (103).

3. The brake shoe wear automatic adjustment and compensation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circumscribed circle of the square column (104) forms the bottom surface of the truncated cone (103).

4. The brake shoe wear automatic adjustment and compensation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylinder (5) is provided with a pin hole, in which the pin shaft (10) is arranged and fixed by a nut and a washer.

5. The brake shoe wear automatic adjustment and compensation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylinder (5) is connected to the concave hole (108) of the push rod (1) via a screw II (14).

6. The brake shoe wear automatic adjustment and compensation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing gasket (6) is provided between the cylinder (5) and the cover plate (7), and the cylinder (5) and the cover plate (7) are connected together by screws I (11).

7. The brake shoe wear automatic adjustment and compensation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front end cover (4) is connected to the cylinder (5) via bolts (2).

8. The brake shoe wear automatic adjustment and compensation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A threaded hole is provided on the plane of the ratchet (8).

Images